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CHAPTER IV. JAMAICA—BLACK MEN.
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To an Englishman who has never lived in a slave country, or in a country in which slavery once prevailed, the negro population is of course the most striking feature of the West Indies. But the eye soon becomes accustomed to the black skin and the thick lip, and the ear to the broken patois1 which is the nearest approach to English which the ordinary negro ever makes. When one has been a week among them, the novelty is all gone. It is only by an exercise of memory and intellect that one is enabled to think of them as a strange race.
But how strange is the race of Creole negroes—of negroes, that is, born out of Africa! They have no country of their own, yet have they not hitherto any country of their adoption2; for, whether as slaves in Cuba, or as free labourers in the British isles3, they are in each case a servile people in a foreign land. They have no language of their own, nor have they as yet any language of their adoption; for they speak their broken English as uneducated foreigners always speak a foreign language. They have no idea of country, and no pride of race; for even among themselves, the word "nigger" conveys their worst term of reproach. They have no religion of their own, and can hardly as yet be said to have, as a people, a religion by adoption; and yet there is no race which has more strongly developed its own physical aptitudes4 and inaptitudes, its own habits, its own tastes, and its own faults.
The West Indian negro knows nothing of Africa except that it is a term of reproach. If African immigrants are put to work on the same estate with him, he will not eat with them, or drink with them, or walk with them. He will hardly work beside them, and regards himself as a creature immeasurably the superior of the new comer. But yet he has made no approach to the civilization of his white fellow-creature, whom he imitates as a monkey does a man.
Physically5 he is capable of the hardest bodily work, and that probably with less bodily pain than men of any other race; but he is idle, unambitious as to worldly position, sensual, and content with little. Intellectually, he is apparently
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patois
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n.方言;混合语 | |
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adoption
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n.采用,采纳,通过;收养 | |
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isles
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岛( isle的名词复数 ) | |
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aptitudes
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(学习方面的)才能,资质,天资( aptitude的名词复数 ) | |
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physically
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adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律 | |
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apparently
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adv.显然地;表面上,似乎 | |
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addicts
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有…瘾的人( addict的名词复数 ); 入迷的人 | |
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thoroughly
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adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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obedience
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n.服从,顺从 | |
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filthy
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adj.卑劣的;恶劣的,肮脏的 | |
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calf
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n.小牛,犊,幼仔,小牛皮 | |
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motives
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n.动机,目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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immediate
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adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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virtue
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n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力 | |
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virtues
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美德( virtue的名词复数 ); 德行; 优点; 长处 | |
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qualified
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adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的 | |
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doctrines
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n.教条( doctrine的名词复数 );教义;学说;(政府政策的)正式声明 | |
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Christian
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adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒 | |
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clergy
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n.[总称]牧师,神职人员 | |
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psalms
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n.赞美诗( psalm的名词复数 );圣诗;圣歌;(中的) | |
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calumny
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n.诽谤,污蔑,中伤 | |
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scripture
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n.经文,圣书,手稿;Scripture:(常用复数)《圣经》,《圣经》中的一段 | |
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brute
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n.野兽,兽性 | |
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precepts
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n.规诫,戒律,箴言( precept的名词复数 ) | |
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esteemed
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adj.受人尊敬的v.尊敬( esteem的过去式和过去分词 );敬重;认为;以为 | |
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appreciation
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n.评价;欣赏;感谢;领会,理解;价格上涨 | |
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judgment
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n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见 | |
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passionate
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adj.热情的,热烈的,激昂的,易动情的,易怒的,性情暴躁的 | |
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vindictive
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adj.有报仇心的,怀恨的,惩罚的 | |
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wrath
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n.愤怒,愤慨,暴怒 | |
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hatred
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n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨 | |
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covetous
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adj.贪婪的,贪心的 | |
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gaudy
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adj.华而不实的;俗丽的 | |
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momentary
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adj.片刻的,瞬息的;短暂的 | |
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permanently
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adv.永恒地,永久地,固定不变地 | |
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piety
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n.虔诚,虔敬 | |
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gratitude
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adj.感激,感谢 | |
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benefactors
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n.捐助者,施主( benefactor的名词复数 );恩人 | |
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adherence
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n.信奉,依附,坚持,固着 | |
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pious
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adj.虔诚的;道貌岸然的 | |
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attachment
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n.附属物,附件;依恋;依附 | |
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attachments
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n.(用电子邮件发送的)附件( attachment的名词复数 );附着;连接;附属物 | |
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fidelity
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n.忠诚,忠实;精确 | |
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noted
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adj.著名的,知名的 | |
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glistens
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v.湿物闪耀,闪亮( glisten的第三人称单数 ) | |
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brutes
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兽( brute的名词复数 ); 畜生; 残酷无情的人; 兽性 | |
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abstain
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v.自制,戒绝,弃权,避免 | |
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well-being
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n.安康,安乐,幸福 | |
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mingled
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混合,混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 ); 混进,与…交往[联系] | |
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degradation
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n.降级;低落;退化;陵削;降解;衰变 | |
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behold
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v.看,注视,看到 | |
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civilized
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a.有教养的,文雅的 | |
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intelligible
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adj.可理解的,明白易懂的,清楚的 | |
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mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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proselytizing
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v.(使)改变宗教信仰[政治信仰、意见等],使变节( proselytize的现在分词 ) | |
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proselytized
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v.(使)改变宗教信仰[政治信仰、意见等],使变节( proselytize的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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aspirations
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强烈的愿望( aspiration的名词复数 ); 志向; 发送气音; 发 h 音 | |
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sable
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n.黑貂;adj.黑色的 | |
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covetousness
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vices
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缺陷( vice的名词复数 ); 恶习; 不道德行为; 台钳 | |
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cognate
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adj.同类的,同源的,同族的;n.同家族的人,同源词 | |
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emancipation
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n.(从束缚、支配下)解放 | |
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plentiful
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adj.富裕的,丰富的 | |
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tracts
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大片土地( tract的名词复数 ); 地带; (体内的)道; (尤指宣扬宗教、伦理或政治的)短文 | |
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cultivation
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n.耕作,培养,栽培(法),养成 | |
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squatting
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v.像动物一样蹲下( squat的现在分词 );非法擅自占用(土地或房屋);为获得其所有权;而占用某片公共用地。 | |
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recede
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vi.退(去),渐渐远去;向后倾斜,缩进 | |
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savage
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adj.野蛮的;凶恶的,残暴的;n.未开化的人 | |
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bondage
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n.奴役,束缚 | |
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abhorrent
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adj.可恶的,可恨的,讨厌的 | |
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cleansed
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弄干净,清洗( cleanse的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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providence
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n.深谋远虑,天道,天意;远见;节约;上帝 | |
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exodus
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v.大批离去,成群外出 | |
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hordes
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n.移动着的一大群( horde的名词复数 );部落 | |
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forefathers
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n.祖先,先人;祖先,祖宗( forefather的名词复数 );列祖列宗;前人 | |
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suppliant
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adj.哀恳的;n.恳求者,哀求者 | |
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implores
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恳求或乞求(某人)( implore的第三人称单数 ) | |
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solicits
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恳请 | |
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canes
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n.(某些植物,如竹或甘蔗的)茎( cane的名词复数 );(用于制作家具等的)竹竿;竹杖 | |
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foul
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adj.污秽的;邪恶的;v.弄脏;妨害;犯规;n.犯规 | |
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hog
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n.猪;馋嘴贪吃的人;vt.把…占为己有,独占 | |
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alluded
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提及,暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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contrive
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vt.谋划,策划;设法做到;设计,想出 | |
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exempted
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使免除[豁免]( exempt的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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provender
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n.刍草;秣料 | |
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undue
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adj.过分的;不适当的;未到期的 | |
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utterly
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adv.完全地,绝对地 | |
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ruffled
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adj. 有褶饰边的, 起皱的 动词ruffle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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toil
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vi.辛劳工作,艰难地行动;n.苦工,难事 | |
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immigrating
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v.移入( immigrate的现在分词 );移民 | |
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absurdity
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n.荒谬,愚蠢;谬论 | |
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acting
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n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的 | |
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pretence
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n.假装,作假;借口,口实;虚伪;虚饰 | |
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perfectly
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adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地 | |
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solicitude
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n.焦虑 | |
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confide
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v.向某人吐露秘密 | |
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consummating
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v.使结束( consummate的现在分词 );使完美;完婚;(婚礼后的)圆房 | |
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Portuguese
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n.葡萄牙人;葡萄牙语 | |
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scanty
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adj.缺乏的,仅有的,节省的,狭小的,不够的 | |
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obligatory
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adj.强制性的,义务的,必须的 | |
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allotted
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分配,拨给,摊派( allot的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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inspection
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n.检查,审查,检阅 | |
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apprentices
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学徒,徒弟( apprentice的名词复数 ) | |
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indentured
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v.以契约束缚(学徒)( indenture的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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picturesque
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adj.美丽如画的,(语言)生动的,绘声绘色的 | |
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witty
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adj.机智的,风趣的 | |
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drollery
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n.开玩笑,说笑话;滑稽可笑的图画(或故事、小戏等) | |
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standing
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n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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relish
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n.滋味,享受,爱好,调味品;vt.加调味料,享受,品味;vi.有滋味 | |
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armour
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(=armor)n.盔甲;装甲部队 | |
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contented
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adj.满意的,安心的,知足的 | |
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attire
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v.穿衣,装扮[同]array;n.衣着;盛装 | |
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bugles
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妙脆角,一种类似薯片但做成尖角或喇叭状的零食; 号角( bugle的名词复数 ); 喇叭; 匍匐筋骨草; (装饰女服用的)柱状玻璃(或塑料)小珠 | |
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ineffably
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adv.难以言喻地,因神圣而不容称呼地 | |
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proprietor
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n.所有人;业主;经营者 | |
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virgin
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n.处女,未婚女子;adj.未经使用的;未经开发的 | |
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adorned
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[计]被修饰的 | |
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worthy
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adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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grandeur
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n.伟大,崇高,宏伟,庄严,豪华 | |
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obeisance
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n.鞠躬,敬礼 | |
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crooking
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n.弯曲(木材等的缺陷)v.弯成钩形( crook的现在分词 ) | |
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dictatorial
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adj. 独裁的,专断的 | |
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contrived
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adj.不自然的,做作的;虚构的 | |
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amazement
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n.惊奇,惊讶 | |
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ascertain
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vt.发现,确定,查明,弄清 | |
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discomfort
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n.不舒服,不安,难过,困难,不方便 | |
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