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CHAPTER XLI. THE STATE OF IRELAND.
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It will be well that they who are interested only in the sensational1 incidents of our story to skip this chapter and go on to other parts of our tale which may be more in accordance with their taste. It is necessary that this one chapter shall be written in which the accidents that occurred in the lives of our three heroines shall be made subordinate to the political circumstances of the day. This chapter should have been introductory and initiative; but the facts as stated will suit better to the telling of my story if they be told here. There can be no doubt that Ireland has been and still is in a most precarious2 condition, that life has been altogether unsafe there, and that property has been jeopardised in a degree unknown for many years in the British Islands. It is, I think, the general opinion that these evils have been occasioned by the influx3 into Ireland of a feeling which I will not call American, but which has been engendered4 in America by Irish jealousy5, and warmed into hatred6 by distance from English rule. As far as politics are regarded, Ireland has been the vassal7 of England as Poland has been of those masters under which she has been made to serve. She was subjected to much ill-usage, and though she has readily accepted the language, the civilisation8, and the customs of England, and has in fact grown rich by adopting them, the memories of former hardships have clung to her, and have made her ready to receive willingly the teachings of those whose only object it has been to undermine the prestige of the British Empire. In no respect has she more readily taken to her bosom9 English practices than in that of the letting and the hiring of land. In various countries, such as Italy, Russia, France, and the United States, systems have grown up different from that which has prevailed in England. Whether the English system or any other may be the best is not now the question. But in answering that question it is material to know that Ireland has accepted and, at any rate for two centuries, has followed that system. The landlord has been to his
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sensational
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adj.使人感动的,非常好的,轰动的,耸人听闻的 | |
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precarious
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adj.不安定的,靠不住的;根据不足的 | |
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influx
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n.流入,注入 | |
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engendered
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v.产生(某形势或状况),造成,引起( engender的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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jealousy
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n.妒忌,嫉妒,猜忌 | |
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hatred
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n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨 | |
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vassal
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n.附庸的;属下;adj.奴仆的 | |
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civilisation
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n.文明,文化,开化,教化 | |
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bosom
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n.胸,胸部;胸怀;内心;adj.亲密的 | |
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tenant
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n.承租人;房客;佃户;v.租借,租用 | |
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tenants
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n.房客( tenant的名词复数 );佃户;占用者;占有者 | |
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evict
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vt.驱逐,赶出,撵走 | |
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abatement
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n.减(免)税,打折扣,冲销 | |
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downwards
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adj./adv.向下的(地),下行的(地) | |
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logic
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n.逻辑(学);逻辑性 | |
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fulcrum
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n.杠杆支点 | |
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acting
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n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的 | |
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followers
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追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件 | |
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conspicuous
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adj.明眼的,惹人注目的;炫耀的,摆阔气的 | |
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patriotism
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n.爱国精神,爱国心,爱国主义 | |
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specially
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adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地 | |
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redounding
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v.有助益( redound的现在分词 );及于;报偿;报应 | |
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alleged
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a.被指控的,嫌疑的 | |
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insufficient
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adj.(for,of)不足的,不够的 | |
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Amended
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adj. 修正的 动词amend的过去式和过去分词 | |
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abounds
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v.大量存在,充满,富于( abound的第三人称单数 ) | |
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feud
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n.长期不和;世仇;v.长期争斗;世代结仇 | |
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cannons
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n.加农炮,大炮,火炮( cannon的名词复数 ) | |
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warfare
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n.战争(状态);斗争;冲突 | |
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tenure
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n.终身职位;任期;(土地)保有权,保有期 | |
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outraged
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a.震惊的,义愤填膺的 | |
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proprietors
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n.所有人,业主( proprietor的名词复数 ) | |
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deprivation
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n.匮乏;丧失;夺去,贫困 | |
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eloquence
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n.雄辩;口才,修辞 | |
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judgment
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n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见 | |
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legislating
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v.立法,制定法律( legislate的现在分词 ) | |
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machinery
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n.(总称)机械,机器;机构 | |
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coercion
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n.强制,高压统治 | |
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hoarse
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adj.嘶哑的,沙哑的 | |
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shrieks
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n.尖叫声( shriek的名词复数 )v.尖叫( shriek的第三人称单数 ) | |
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odious
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adj.可憎的,讨厌的 | |
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bondage
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n.奴役,束缚 | |
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appeased
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安抚,抚慰( appease的过去式和过去分词 ); 绥靖(满足另一国的要求以避免战争) | |
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commissioners
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n.专员( commissioner的名词复数 );长官;委员;政府部门的长官 | |
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commissioner
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n.(政府厅、局、处等部门)专员,长官,委员 | |
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qualified
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adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的 | |
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censure
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v./n.责备;非难;责难 | |
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caveat
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n.警告; 防止误解的说明 | |
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payable
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adj.可付的,应付的,有利益的 | |
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interfere
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v.(in)干涉,干预;(with)妨碍,打扰 | |
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interfered
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v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 );调停;妨碍;干涉 | |
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annihilated
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v.(彻底)消灭( annihilate的过去式和过去分词 );使无效;废止;彻底击溃 | |
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bind
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vt.捆,包扎;装订;约束;使凝固;vi.变硬 | |
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legitimate
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adj.合法的,合理的,合乎逻辑的;v.使合法 | |
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tempted
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v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词) | |
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injustice
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n.非正义,不公正,不公平,侵犯(别人的)权利 | |
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lesser
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adj.次要的,较小的;adv.较小地,较少地 | |
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benevolent
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adj.仁慈的,乐善好施的 | |
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solitary
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adj.孤独的,独立的,荒凉的;n.隐士 | |
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wail
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vt./vi.大声哀号,恸哭;呼啸,尖啸 | |
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remonstrance
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n抗议,抱怨 | |
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benevolence
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n.慈悲,捐助 | |
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evicted
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v.(依法从房屋里或土地上)驱逐,赶出( evict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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tampered
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v.窜改( tamper的过去式 );篡改;(用不正当手段)影响;瞎摆弄 | |
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accomplished
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adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的 | |
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unwilling
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adj.不情愿的 | |
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possessed
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adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的 | |
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blessing
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n.祈神赐福;祷告;祝福,祝愿 | |
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detrimental
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adj.损害的,造成伤害的 | |
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immediate
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adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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infinitely
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adv.无限地,无穷地 | |
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disturbance
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n.动乱,骚动;打扰,干扰;(身心)失调 | |
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abrogated
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废除(法律等)( abrogate的过去式和过去分词 ); 取消; 去掉; 抛开 | |
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mutual
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adj.相互的,彼此的;共同的,共有的 | |
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guise
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n.外表,伪装的姿态 | |
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patriotic
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adj.爱国的,有爱国心的 | |
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aspirations
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强烈的愿望( aspiration的名词复数 ); 志向; 发送气音; 发 h 音 | |
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audacity
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n.大胆,卤莽,无礼 | |
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writhing
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(因极度痛苦而)扭动或翻滚( writhe的现在分词 ) | |
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stipulated
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vt.& vi.规定;约定adj.[法]合同规定的 | |
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considerably
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adv.极大地;相当大地;在很大程度上 | |
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atone
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v.赎罪,补偿 | |
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poetical
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adj.似诗人的;诗一般的;韵文的;富有诗意的 | |
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annexed
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[法] 附加的,附属的 | |
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contrive
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vt.谋划,策划;设法做到;设计,想出 | |
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concessions
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n.(尤指由政府或雇主给予的)特许权( concession的名词复数 );承认;减价;(在某地的)特许经营权 | |
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concession
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n.让步,妥协;特许(权) | |
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wholesale
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n.批发;adv.以批发方式;vt.批发,成批出售 | |
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confiscation
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n. 没收, 充公, 征收 | |
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boycotting
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抵制,拒绝参加( boycott的现在分词 ) | |
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applied
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adj.应用的;v.应用,适用 | |
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mutinous
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adj.叛变的,反抗的;adv.反抗地,叛变地;n.反抗,叛变 | |
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incubus
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n.负担;恶梦 | |
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tyrants
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专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 ); 暴君似的人; (古希腊的)僭主; 严酷的事物 | |
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abated
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减少( abate的过去式和过去分词 ); 减去; 降价; 撤消(诉讼) | |
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harassed
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adj. 疲倦的,厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词 | |
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needy
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adj.贫穷的,贫困的,生活艰苦的 | |
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scruples
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n.良心上的不安( scruple的名词复数 );顾虑,顾忌v.感到于心不安,有顾忌( scruple的第三人称单数 ) | |
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boycotted
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抵制,拒绝参加( boycott的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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intercourse
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n.性交;交流,交往,交际 | |
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alas
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int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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disciples
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n.信徒( disciple的名词复数 );门徒;耶稣的信徒;(尤指)耶稣十二门徒之一 | |
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