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V. THE ACTION OF CAVALRY IN BATTLE
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In the battle of all arms, cavalry1 must be handled according to principles which are quite different and[Pg 174] almost diametrically opposed to those which characterise its independent action as army cavalry. For, in the latter case, not only is the defeat of the enemy kept in view, but another definite object has also to be pursued. This object can only be attained2 if successful in the fight, while an unsuccessful battle will paralyse the activity of the cavalry, and may cost the army the loss of its organs of reconnaissance. However daring its conduct then, it should never be engaged in hopeless enterprises, and should only undertake a fight where success can be reckoned upon with a certain measure of probability.
If, therefore, the strength and intentions of the enemy are not fully3 known, it will be better, as we have seen, to guard against engaging the whole force in such an uncertain enterprise. Efforts should rather be made, as I have endeavoured to show, to clear up the situation by a careful feeling of the enemy and a gradual engagement of force. Once possessed4 of this knowledge of the situation, it will be possible either to seek a decision or to break off the fight in time to avoid the risk of incurring5 too considerable a loss.
Quite different is the case in the main battle. Here the objective is contained in the battle itself. It is the destruction of the enemy that is sought. It is not expected that each single detachment engaged should be victorious6, but that the net result of the battle should be a victory. The task of the various detachments is only to engage and to destroy so much of the enemy's force as lies within their power. This naturally holds good for the cavalry. It is not now demanded that each single action of the cavalry should of itself be successful, but that the general engagement of the cavalry should have the greatest possible effect. A considerable result may often be obtained by the at[Pg 175]tacking cavalry drawing the enemy's fire upon itself for a time, and thus affording the infantry
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1
cavalry
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n.骑兵;轻装甲部队 | |
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2
attained
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(通常经过努力)实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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fully
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adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地 | |
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possessed
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adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的 | |
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incurring
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遭受,招致,引起( incur的现在分词 ) | |
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6
victorious
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adj.胜利的,得胜的 | |
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infantry
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n.[总称]步兵(部队) | |
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betokens
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v.预示,表示( betoken的第三人称单数 ) | |
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prospect
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n.前景,前途;景色,视野 | |
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purely
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adv.纯粹地,完全地 | |
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acting
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n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的 | |
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simultaneously
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adv.同时发生地,同时进行地 | |
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prospects
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n.希望,前途(恒为复数) | |
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generosity
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n.大度,慷慨,慷慨的行为 | |
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disposition
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n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署 | |
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dispositions
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安排( disposition的名词复数 ); 倾向; (财产、金钱的)处置; 气质 | |
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judgment
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n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见 | |
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favourable
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adj.赞成的,称赞的,有利的,良好的,顺利的 | |
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supreme
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adj.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的 | |
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justified
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a.正当的,有理的 | |
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21
superfluous
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adj.过多的,过剩的,多余的 | |
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thereby
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adv.因此,从而 | |
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systematically
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adv.有系统地 | |
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deploy
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v.(军)散开成战斗队形,布置,展开 | |
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ascertain
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vt.发现,确定,查明,弄清 | |
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ammunition
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n.军火,弹药 | |
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immediate
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adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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defiles
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v.玷污( defile的第三人称单数 );污染;弄脏;纵列行进 | |
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deployed
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(尤指军事行动)使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 ); 施展; 部署; 有效地利用 | |
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hampered
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妨碍,束缚,限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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severed
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v.切断,断绝( sever的过去式和过去分词 );断,裂 | |
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elastic
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n.橡皮圈,松紧带;adj.有弹性的;灵活的 | |
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33
obviate
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v.除去,排除,避免,预防 | |
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deploying
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(尤指军事行动)使展开( deploy的现在分词 ); 施展; 部署; 有效地利用 | |
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intervals
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n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息 | |
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detailed
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adj.详细的,详尽的,极注意细节的,完全的 | |
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vicissitudes
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n.变迁,世事变化;变迁兴衰( vicissitude的名词复数 );盛衰兴废 | |
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artillery
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n.(军)火炮,大炮;炮兵(部队) | |
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regain
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vt.重新获得,收复,恢复 | |
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cohesion
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n.团结,凝结力 | |
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garrisoned
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卫戍部队守备( garrison的过去式和过去分词 ); 派部队驻防 | |
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devoted
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adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的 | |
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deployment
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n. 部署,展开 | |
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dispensed
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v.分配( dispense的过去式和过去分词 );施与;配(药) | |
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stereotyped
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adj.(指形象、思想、人物等)模式化的 | |
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isolated
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adj.与世隔绝的 | |
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peculiarities
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n. 特质, 特性, 怪癖, 古怪 | |
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cultivation
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n.耕作,培养,栽培(法),养成 | |
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renounce
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v.放弃;拒绝承认,宣布与…断绝关系 | |
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consternation
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n.大为吃惊,惊骇 | |
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prey
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n.被掠食者,牺牲者,掠食;v.捕食,掠夺,折磨 | |
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wagons
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n.四轮的运货马车( wagon的名词复数 );铁路货车;小手推车 | |
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morale
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n.道德准则,士气,斗志 | |
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antiquated
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adj.陈旧的,过时的 | |
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capabilities
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n.能力( capability的名词复数 );可能;容量;[复数]潜在能力 | |
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determined
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adj.坚定的;有决心的 | |
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mobility
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n.可动性,变动性,情感不定 | |
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undesirable
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adj.不受欢迎的,不良的,不合意的,讨厌的;n.不受欢迎的人,不良分子 | |
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intervention
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n.介入,干涉,干预 | |
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corps
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n.(通信等兵种的)部队;(同类作的)一组 | |
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frustrated
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adj.挫败的,失意的,泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 );挫败;使受挫折;令人沮丧 | |
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heed
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v.注意,留意;n.注意,留心 | |
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exhausted
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adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的 | |
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imperative
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n.命令,需要;规则;祈使语气;adj.强制的;紧急的 | |
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entail
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vt.使承担,使成为必要,需要 | |
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pointed
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adj.尖的,直截了当的 | |
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gallop
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v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔;飞速发展 | |
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utilizing
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v.利用,使用( utilize的现在分词 ) | |
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terrain
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n.地面,地形,地图 | |
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advantageous
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adj.有利的;有帮助的 | |
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accomplished
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adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的 | |
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mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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defender
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n.保卫者,拥护者,辩护人 | |
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expenditure
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n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出;使用,消耗 | |
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abeyance
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n.搁置,缓办,中止,产权未定 | |
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evade
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vt.逃避,回避;避开,躲避 | |
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personalities
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n. 诽谤,(对某人容貌、性格等所进行的)人身攻击; 人身攻击;人格, 个性, 名人( personality的名词复数 ) | |
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initiated
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n. 创始人 adj. 新加入的 vt. 开始,创始,启蒙,介绍加入 | |
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appreciation
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n.评价;欣赏;感谢;领会,理解;价格上涨 | |
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deflected
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偏离的 | |
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decided
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adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的 | |
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drawn
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v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的 | |
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forage
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n.(牛马的)饲料,粮草;v.搜寻,翻寻 | |
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ascertained
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v.弄清,确定,查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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hesitation
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n.犹豫,踌躇 | |
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disorder
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n.紊乱,混乱;骚动,骚乱;疾病,失调 | |
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trophies
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n.(为竞赛获胜者颁发的)奖品( trophy的名词复数 );奖杯;(尤指狩猎或战争中获得的)纪念品;(用于比赛或赛跑名称)奖 | |
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essentially
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adv.本质上,实质上,基本上 | |
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harass
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vt.使烦恼,折磨,骚扰 | |
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foe
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n.敌人,仇敌 | |
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inflict
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vt.(on)把…强加给,使遭受,使承担 | |
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allotted
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分配,拨给,摊派( allot的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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penetrate
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v.透(渗)入;刺入,刺穿;洞察,了解 | |
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justify
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vt.证明…正当(或有理),为…辩护 | |
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forth
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adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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defensive
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adj.防御的;防卫的;防守的 | |
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barricading
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设路障于,以障碍物阻塞( barricade的现在分词 ); 设路障[防御工事]保卫或固守 | |
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confided
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v.吐露(秘密,心事等)( confide的过去式和过去分词 );(向某人)吐露(隐私、秘密等) | |
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obstinately
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ad.固执地,顽固地 | |
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considerably
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adv.极大地;相当大地;在很大程度上 | |
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requisite
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adj.需要的,必不可少的;n.必需品 | |
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attainment
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n.达到,到达;[常pl.]成就,造诣 | |
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arduous
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adj.艰苦的,费力的,陡峭的 | |
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inadequate
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adj.(for,to)不充足的,不适当的 | |
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