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III. THE BIBLE AND SCIENCE
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Having examined Dean Farrar's observations on the Bible Canon, and seen that it is a more or less arbitrary selection from Hebrew and early Christian1 literature, many of the books being anonymous2, while others bear the names of authors who did not write them, and most of them being much later compositions than orthodoxy supposes; we now take a leap forward to his twelfth chapter to see what he has to say on the subject of the Bible and Science. His first object is to drive home to his co-religionists the mischief3 of adhering to the old doctrine4 of Bible infallibility. Consequently he does not mince5 matters in dealing6 with the difficulties of the literal theory of inspiration. Writers like Gaussen contend that the Bible is a perfect authority in matters of science. Mr. Gladstone argues that Moses supernaturally anticipated the teachings of modern evolution, and that the inspired fishermen of Galilee, notably7 St. Peter, no less supernaturally anticipated all that modern astronomy teaches as to the final destiny of our planet. Dr. Farrar declines to follow them in this perilous8 path. He does not walk in the opposite direction, for that would lead him among the "infidels." He strikes off at right angles, and takes the line that the Bible was never intended to teach science, or anything else but religion. He quotes with approval the saying of Archbishop Sumner, that "the Scriptures10 have never revealed a scientific truth." He maintains that the writers of Scripture9 had only a natural knowledge of exact science; and that was precious little, and was indeed rather ignorance than knowledge, as they belonged to "the most unscientific of all nations in the most unscientific of all ages." "It is now understood by competent inquirers," he says, "that geology is God's revelation to us of one set of truths, and Genesis of quite another." "Nature," he says, "is a book which contains a revelation of God in one sphere, and Scripture a book which contains a revelation of him in another. Both books have often been misread, but no truth revealed in the one can be
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1
Christian
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adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒 | |
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anonymous
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adj.无名的;匿名的;无特色的 | |
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mischief
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n.损害,伤害,危害;恶作剧,捣蛋,胡闹 | |
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doctrine
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n.教义;主义;学说 | |
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mince
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n.切碎物;v.切碎,矫揉做作地说 | |
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dealing
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n.经商方法,待人态度 | |
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notably
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adv.值得注意地,显著地,尤其地,特别地 | |
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perilous
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adj.危险的,冒险的 | |
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scripture
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n.经文,圣书,手稿;Scripture:(常用复数)《圣经》,《圣经》中的一段 | |
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scriptures
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经文,圣典( scripture的名词复数 ); 经典 | |
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irreconcilable
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adj.(指人)难和解的,势不两立的 | |
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mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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imposing
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adj.使人难忘的,壮丽的,堂皇的,雄伟的 | |
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consolatory
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adj.慰问的,可藉慰的 | |
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platitude
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n.老生常谈,陈词滥调 | |
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criticise
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v.批评,评论;非难 | |
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persecuted
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(尤指宗教或政治信仰的)迫害(~sb. for sth.)( persecute的过去式和过去分词 ); 烦扰,困扰或骚扰某人 | |
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irreconcilably
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(观点、目标或争议)不可调和的,不相容的 | |
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ridiculed
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v.嘲笑,嘲弄,奚落( ridicule的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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imprisoned
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下狱,监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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opposition
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n.反对,敌对 | |
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assailed
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v.攻击( assail的过去式和过去分词 );困扰;质问;毅然应对 | |
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narrative
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n.叙述,故事;adj.叙事的,故事体的 | |
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boon
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n.恩赐,恩物,恩惠 | |
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confinement
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n.幽禁,拘留,监禁;分娩;限制,局限 | |
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ignominiously
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adv.耻辱地,屈辱地,丢脸地 | |
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secondly
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adv.第二,其次 | |
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blasphemous
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adj.亵渎神明的,不敬神的 | |
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proscribed
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v.正式宣布(某事物)有危险或被禁止( proscribe的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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interpretations
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n.解释( interpretation的名词复数 );表演;演绎;理解 | |
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complacently
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adv. 满足地, 自满地, 沾沾自喜地 | |
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perfectly
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adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地 | |
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creeds
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(尤指宗教)信条,教条( creed的名词复数 ) | |
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clergy
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n.[总称]牧师,神职人员 | |
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victorious
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adj.胜利的,得胜的 | |
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patronage
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n.赞助,支援,援助;光顾,捧场 | |
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benevolent
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adj.仁慈的,乐善好施的 | |
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worthy
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adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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corpse
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n.尸体,死尸 | |
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impeachment
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n.弹劾;控告;怀疑 | |
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erring
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做错事的,错误的 | |
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supremely
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adv.无上地,崇高地 | |
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nomads
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n.游牧部落的一员( nomad的名词复数 );流浪者;游牧生活;流浪生活 | |
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concoction
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n.调配(物);谎言 | |
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missionaries
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n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 ) | |
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parasitical
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adj. 寄生的(符加的) | |
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tyrants
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专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 ); 暴君似的人; (古希腊的)僭主; 严酷的事物 | |
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cholera
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n.霍乱 | |
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cardinal
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n.(天主教的)红衣主教;adj.首要的,基本的 | |
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pointed
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adj.尖的,直截了当的 | |
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controversy
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n.争论,辩论,争吵 | |
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justify
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vt.证明…正当(或有理),为…辩护 | |
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persecution
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n. 迫害,烦扰 | |
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investigators
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n.调查者,审查者( investigator的名词复数 ) | |
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omniscience
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n.全知,全知者,上帝 | |
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curiously
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adv.有求知欲地;好问地;奇特地 | |
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entangling
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v.使某人(某物/自己)缠绕,纠缠于(某物中),使某人(自己)陷入(困难或复杂的环境中)( entangle的现在分词 ) | |
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retard
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n.阻止,延迟;vt.妨碍,延迟,使减速 | |
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civilisation
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n.文明,文化,开化,教化 | |
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emphasise
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vt.加强...的语气,强调,着重 | |
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judgment
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n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见 | |
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literally
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adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实 | |
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thoroughly
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adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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antagonistic
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adj.敌对的 | |
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paragon
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n.模范,典型 | |
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remains
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n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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ascent
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n.(声望或地位)提高;上升,升高;登高 | |
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verity
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n.真实性 | |
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rhetoric
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n.修辞学,浮夸之言语 | |
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consummate
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adj.完美的;v.成婚;使完美 [反]baffle | |
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heinousness
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virtuous
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adj.有品德的,善良的,贞洁的,有效力的 | |
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dictates
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n.命令,规定,要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 );口授;支配;摆布 | |
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attains
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(通常经过努力)实现( attain的第三人称单数 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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maturity
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n.成熟;完成;(支票、债券等)到期 | |
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ethical
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adj.伦理的,道德的,合乎道德的 | |
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superstition
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n.迷信,迷信行为 | |
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immutable
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adj.不可改变的,永恒的 | |
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Christians
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n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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sophistry
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n.诡辩 | |
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II. THE BIBLE CANON
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