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XI. AN ORIENTAL BOOK
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Dr. Farrar stumbles, on one occasion, against the true theory of the Bible. Having to furnish an excuse, if not a justification1, for the outrageous2 crudity3 of a good deal of its language, he reminds us that decorum changes with time and place. "The rigid4 external modesty5 and propriety6 of modern and English literature," he observes, "is disgusted and offended by statements which gave no such shock to ancient and Eastern readers." And he adds that "The plain-spokenness of Orientals involved no necessary offence against abstract morality." This is true enough, but the argument should be developed. What is urged in extenuation7 of the grossness of the Scripture8 is really applicable all round—to its mythology9, its legends, its religion, its philosophy, its ethics10, and its poetry. The Bible is an oriental book. And this one statement, when properly understood, gives us the true key to its interpretation11, the real criterion of its character, and the just measure of its value.
It has been well remarked that the ordinary Christian13 in this part of the world appears to imagine that the Bible dropped down from heaven—in English. Even the expounders of the Higher Criticism, in our own country, read it first in their mother tongue; and although they afterwards read it in the original Greek, and sometimes in the original Hebrew, they are under the witchery of early impressions, and their apologetics are almost
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1
justification
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n.正当的理由;辩解的理由 | |
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outrageous
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adj.无理的,令人不能容忍的 | |
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3
crudity
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n.粗糙,生硬;adj.粗略的 | |
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4
rigid
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adj.严格的,死板的;刚硬的,僵硬的 | |
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5
modesty
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n.谦逊,虚心,端庄,稳重,羞怯,朴素 | |
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6
propriety
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n.正当行为;正当;适当 | |
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7
extenuation
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n.减轻罪孽的借口;酌情减轻;细 | |
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8
scripture
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n.经文,圣书,手稿;Scripture:(常用复数)《圣经》,《圣经》中的一段 | |
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mythology
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n.神话,神话学,神话集 | |
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ethics
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n.伦理学;伦理观,道德标准 | |
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interpretation
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n.解释,说明,描述;艺术处理 | |
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rite
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n.典礼,惯例,习俗 | |
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Christian
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adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒 | |
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entirely
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ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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vernacular
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adj.地方的,用地方语写成的;n.白话;行话;本国语;动植物的俗名 | |
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originality
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n.创造力,独创性;新颖 | |
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artistic
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adj.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的;善于艺术创作的 | |
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superstition
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n.迷信,迷信行为 | |
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doctrines
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n.教条( doctrine的名词复数 );教义;学说;(政府政策的)正式声明 | |
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jargon
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n.术语,行话 | |
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generic
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adj.一般的,普通的,共有的 | |
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Founder
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n.创始者,缔造者 | |
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testament
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n.遗嘱;证明 | |
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Buddhist
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adj./n.佛教的,佛教徒 | |
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scriptures
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经文,圣典( scripture的名词复数 ); 经典 | |
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Buddha
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n.佛;佛像;佛陀 | |
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hymns
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n.赞美诗,圣歌,颂歌( hymn的名词复数 ) | |
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embody
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vt.具体表达,使具体化;包含,收录 | |
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canonical
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n.权威的;典型的 | |
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authoritative
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adj.有权威的,可相信的;命令式的;官方的 | |
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ethical
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adj.伦理的,道德的,合乎道德的 | |
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prohibitions
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禁令,禁律( prohibition的名词复数 ); 禁酒; 禁例 | |
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shroud
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n.裹尸布,寿衣;罩,幕;vt.覆盖,隐藏 | |
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shrouded
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v.隐瞒( shroud的过去式和过去分词 );保密 | |
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purely
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adv.纯粹地,完全地 | |
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syllable
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n.音节;vt.分音节 | |
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Buddhism
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n.佛教(教义) | |
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precisely
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adv.恰好,正好,精确地,细致地 | |
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petrified
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adj.惊呆的;目瞪口呆的v.使吓呆,使惊呆;变僵硬;使石化(petrify的过去式和过去分词) | |
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votaries
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n.信徒( votary的名词复数 );追随者;(天主教)修士;修女 | |
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eminent
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adj.显赫的,杰出的,有名的,优良的 | |
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peculiar
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adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 | |
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perfectly
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adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地 | |
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civilisation
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n.文明,文化,开化,教化 | |
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requisite
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adj.需要的,必不可少的;n.必需品 | |
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labors
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v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 );苦干;详细分析;(指引擎)缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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exponents
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n.倡导者( exponent的名词复数 );说明者;指数;能手 | |
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impeachment
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n.弹劾;控告;怀疑 | |
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stereotyped
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adj.(指形象、思想、人物等)模式化的 | |
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longevity
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n.长命;长寿 | |
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invoked
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v.援引( invoke的过去式和过去分词 );行使(权利等);祈求救助;恳求 | |
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advent
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n.(重要事件等的)到来,来临 | |
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Christians
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n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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antiquity
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n.古老;高龄;古物,古迹 | |
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spawned
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(鱼、蛙等)大量产(卵)( spawn的过去式和过去分词 ); 大量生产 | |
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forth
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adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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embodies
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v.表现( embody的第三人称单数 );象征;包括;包含 | |
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notably
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adv.值得注意地,显著地,尤其地,特别地 | |
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secular
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n.牧师,凡人;adj.世俗的,现世的,不朽的 | |
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immortal
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adj.不朽的;永生的,不死的;神的 | |
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revival
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n.复兴,复苏,(精力、活力等的)重振 | |
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renaissance
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n.复活,复兴,文艺复兴 | |
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memorable
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adj.值得回忆的,难忘的,特别的,显著的 | |
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regenerated
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v.新生,再生( regenerate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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ridge
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n.山脊;鼻梁;分水岭 | |
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porticoes
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n.柱廊,(有圆柱的)门廊( portico的名词复数 ) | |
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mighty
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adj.强有力的;巨大的 | |
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ancestry
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n.祖先,家世 | |
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fully
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adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地 | |
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gratuitous
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adj.无偿的,免费的;无缘无故的,不必要的 | |
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pregnancy
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n.怀孕,怀孕期 | |
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intelligible
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adj.可理解的,明白易懂的,清楚的 | |
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anticipations
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预期( anticipation的名词复数 ); 预测; (信托财产收益的)预支; 预期的事物 | |
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oracles
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神示所( oracle的名词复数 ); 神谕; 圣贤; 哲人 | |
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partially
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adv.部分地,从某些方面讲 | |
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variance
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n.矛盾,不同 | |
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aspirations
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强烈的愿望( aspiration的名词复数 ); 志向; 发送气音; 发 h 音 | |
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naive
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adj.幼稚的,轻信的;天真的 | |
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niche
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n.壁龛;合适的职务(环境、位置等) | |
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primitive
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adj.原始的;简单的;n.原(始)人,原始事物 | |
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outgrown
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长[发展] 得超过(某物)的范围( outgrow的过去分词 ); 长[发展]得不能再要(某物); 长得比…快; 生长速度超过 | |
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insularity
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n.心胸狭窄;孤立;偏狭;岛国根性 | |
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pious
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adj.虔诚的;道貌岸然的 | |
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homage
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n.尊敬,敬意,崇敬 | |
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decency
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n.体面,得体,合宜,正派,庄重 | |
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loathing
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n.厌恶,憎恨v.憎恨,厌恶( loathe的现在分词);极不喜欢 | |
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frightful
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adj.可怕的;讨厌的 | |
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massacres
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大屠杀( massacre的名词复数 ); 惨败 | |
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infamy
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n.声名狼藉,出丑,恶行 | |
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everlasting
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adj.永恒的,持久的,无止境的 | |
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