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CHAPTER XL
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I am not so ignorant about glacial movement, now, as I was when I took passage on the Gorner Glacier1. I have “read up” since. I am aware that these vast bodies of ice do not travel at the same rate of speed; while the Gorner Glacier makes less than an inch a day, the Unter-Aar Glacier makes as much as eight; and still other glaciers2 are said to go twelve, sixteen, and even twenty inches a day. One writer says that the slowest glacier travels twenty-five feet a year, and the fastest four hundred.
What is a glacier? It is easy to say it looks like a frozen river which occupies the bed of a winding3 gorge4 or gully between mountains. But that gives no notion of its vastness. For it is sometimes six hundred feet thick, and we are not accustomed to rivers six hundred feet deep; no, our rivers are six feet, twenty feet, and sometimes fifty feet deep; we are not quite able to grasp so large a fact as an ice-river six hundred feet deep.
The glacier’s surface is not smooth and level, but has deep swales and swelling5 elevations6, and sometimes has the look of a tossing sea whose turbulent billows were frozen hard in the instant of their most violent motion; the glacier’s surface is not a flawless mass, but is a river with cracks or crevices7, some narrow, some gaping9 wide. Many a man, the victim of a slip or a misstep, has plunged10 down one of these and met his death. Men have been fished out of them alive; but it was when they did not go to a great depth; the cold of the great depths would quickly stupefy a man, whether he was hurt or unhurt. These cracks do not go straight down; one can seldom see more than twenty to forty feet down them; consequently men who have disappeared in them have been sought for, in the hope that they had stopped within
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1
glacier
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| n.冰川,冰河 | |
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glaciers
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| 冰河,冰川( glacier的名词复数 ) | |
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winding
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| n.绕,缠,绕组,线圈 | |
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gorge
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| n.咽喉,胃,暴食,山峡;v.塞饱,狼吞虎咽地吃 | |
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swelling
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| n.肿胀 | |
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elevations
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| (水平或数量)提高( elevation的名词复数 ); 高地; 海拔; 提升 | |
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crevices
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| n.(尤指岩石的)裂缝,缺口( crevice的名词复数 ) | |
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crevice
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| n.(岩石、墙等)裂缝;缺口 | |
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gaping
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| adj.口的;张口的;敞口的;多洞穴的v.目瞪口呆地凝视( gape的现在分词 );张开,张大 | |
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plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 );暴跌;骤降;突降 | |
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helping
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| n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的 | |
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descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的;巨大的 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的,陈年的 | |
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descended
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| a.为...后裔的,出身于...的 | |
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perpendicular
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| adj.垂直的,直立的;n.垂直线,垂直的位置 | |
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precipices
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| n.悬崖,峭壁( precipice的名词复数 ) | |
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twilight
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| n.暮光,黄昏;暮年,晚期,衰落时期 | |
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chasm
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| n.深坑,断层,裂口,大分岐,利害冲突 | |
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slant
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| v.倾斜,倾向性地编写或报道;n.斜面,倾向 | |
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suffocate
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| vt.使窒息,使缺氧,阻碍;vi.窒息,窒息而亡,阻碍发展 | |
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intrepid
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| adj.无畏的,刚毅的 | |
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jaw
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| n.颚,颌,说教,流言蜚语;v.喋喋不休,教训 | |
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jaws
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| n.口部;嘴 | |
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plow
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| n.犁,耕地,犁过的地;v.犁,费力地前进[英]plough | |
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boulders
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| n.卵石( boulder的名词复数 );巨砾;(受水或天气侵蚀而成的)巨石;漂砾 | |
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imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的,壮丽的,堂皇的,雄伟的 | |
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stationary
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| adj.固定的,静止不动的 | |
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debris
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| n.瓦砾堆,废墟,碎片 | |
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cleave
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| v.(clave;cleaved)粘着,粘住;坚持;依恋 | |
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butt
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| n.笑柄;烟蒂;枪托;臀部;v.用头撞或顶 | |
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relatively
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| adv.比较...地,相对地 | |
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prodigious
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| adj.惊人的,奇妙的;异常的;巨大的;庞大的 | |
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derived
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| vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取 | |
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underneath
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| adj.在...下面,在...底下;adv.在下面 | |
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irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的,无法拒绝的,无法抗拒的 | |
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mooring
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| n.停泊处;系泊用具,系船具;下锚v.停泊,系泊(船只)(moor的现在分词) | |
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denudation
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| n.剥下;裸露;滥伐;剥蚀 | |
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graphic
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| adj.生动的,形象的,绘画的,文字的,图表的 | |
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obliterated
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| v.除去( obliterate的过去式和过去分词 );涂去;擦掉;彻底破坏或毁灭 | |
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majestic
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| adj.雄伟的,壮丽的,庄严的,威严的,崇高的 | |
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insignificant
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| adj.无关紧要的,可忽略的,无意义的 | |
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conceit
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| n.自负,自高自大 | |
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sublime
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| adj.崇高的,伟大的;极度的,不顾后果的 | |
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alpine
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| adj.高山的;n.高山植物 | |
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scoffed
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| 嘲笑,嘲弄( scoff的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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attained
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| (通常经过努力)实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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ascent
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| n.(声望或地位)提高;上升,升高;登高 | |
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avalanche
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| n.雪崩,大量涌来 | |
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hurled
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| v.猛投,用力掷( hurl的过去式和过去分词 );大声叫骂 | |
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barometer
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| n.气压表,睛雨表,反应指标 | |
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strapped
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| adj.用皮带捆住的,用皮带装饰的;身无分文的;缺钱;手头紧v.用皮带捆扎(strap的过去式和过去分词);用皮带抽打;包扎;给…打绷带 | |
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baton
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| n.乐队用指挥杖 | |
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fathomless
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| a.深不可测的 | |
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geologist
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| n.地质学家 | |
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proceeding
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| n.行动,进行,(pl.)会议录,学报 | |
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curiously
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| adv.有求知欲地;好问地;奇特地 | |
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catastrophe
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| n.大灾难,大祸 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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lugubrious
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| adj.悲哀的,忧郁的 | |
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conjectured
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| 推测,猜测,猜想( conjecture的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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inventoried
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| vt.编制…的目录(inventory的过去式与过去分词形式) | |
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skulls
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| 颅骨( skull的名词复数 ); 脑袋; 脑子; 脑瓜 | |
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skull
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| n.头骨;颅骨 | |
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flexibility
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| n.柔韧性,弹性,(光的)折射性,灵活性 | |
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abrasion
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| n.磨(擦)破,表面磨损 | |
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exhaled
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| v.呼出,发散出( exhale的过去式和过去分词 );吐出(肺中的空气、烟等),呼气 | |
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decomposition
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| n. 分解, 腐烂, 崩溃 | |
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relics
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| [pl.]n.遗物,遗迹,遗产;遗体,尸骸 | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的,使人感伤的 | |
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contemplated
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| adj. 预期的 动词contemplate的过去分词形式 | |
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torpid
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| adj.麻痹的,麻木的,迟钝的 | |
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faculties
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| n.能力( faculty的名词复数 );全体教职员;技巧;院 | |
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bent
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| n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的 | |
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reverently
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| adv.虔诚地 | |
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weirdly
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| 古怪地 | |
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wrought
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| v.引起;以…原料制作;运转;adj.制造的 | |
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diligent
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| adj.勤勉的,勤奋的 | |
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rosy
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| adj.美好的,乐观的,玫瑰色的 | |
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eloquent
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| adj.雄辩的,口才流利的;明白显示出的 | |
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alabaster
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| adj.雪白的;n.雪花石膏;条纹大理石 | |
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hue
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| n.色度;色调;样子 | |
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cavil
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| v.挑毛病,吹毛求疵 | |
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chilly
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| adj.凉快的,寒冷的 | |
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indifference
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| n.不感兴趣,不关心,冷淡,不在乎 | |
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calamity
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| n.灾害,祸患,不幸事件 | |
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orphans
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| 孤儿( orphan的名词复数 ) | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的;凶恶的,残暴的;n.未开化的人 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的;有决心的 | |
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opposition
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| n.反对,敌对 | |
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Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒 | |
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embezzlement
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| n.盗用,贪污 | |
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odds
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| n.让步,机率,可能性,比率;胜败优劣之别 | |
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scraps
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| 油渣 | |
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sterling
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| adj.英币的(纯粹的,货真价实的);n.英国货币(英镑) | |
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CHAPTER XXXIX
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CHAPTER XLI
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