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115; Fielding himself, within a year or two, shows us more than half-undesignedly in the Voyage to Lisbon that he was very careful about the appointments and decency116 of his table, that he stood rather upon ceremony in regard to his own treatment of his family, and the treatment of them and himself by others, and that he was altogether a person orderly, correct, and even a little finikin. Nor is there the slightest reasonable reason to regard this as a piece of hypocrisy117, a vice118 as alien from the Fielding of fancy as from the Fielding of fact, and one the particular manifestation119 of which, in this particular place, would have been equally unlikely and unintelligible120.
It may be asked whether I propose to substitute for the traditional Fielding a quite different person, of regular habits and methodical economy. Certainly not. The traditional estimate of great men is rarely wrong altogether, but it constantly has a habit of exaggerating and dramatising their characteristics. For some things in Fielding’s career we have positive evidence of document, and evidence hardly less certain of probability. Although I believe the best judges are now of opinion that his impecuniosity has been overcharged, he certainly had experiences which did not often fall to the lot of even a cadet of good family in the eighteenth century. There can be no reasonable doubt that he was a man who had a leaning towards pretty girls and bottles of good wine; and I should suppose that if the girl were kind and fairly winsome121, he would not have insisted that she should possess Helen’s beauty, that if the bottle of good wine were not forthcoming, he would have been very tolerant of a mug of good ale. He may very possibly have drunk more than he should, and lost more than he could conveniently pay. It may be put down as morally ascertained122 that towards all these weaknesses of humanity, and others like unto them, he held an attitude which was less that of the unassailable philosopher than that of the sympathiser, indulgent and excusing. In regard more especially to what are commonly called moral delinquencies, this attitude was so decided as to shock some people even in those days, and many in these. Just when the first sheets of this edition were passing through the press, a violent attack was made in a newspaper correspondence on the morality of Tom Jones by certain notorious advocates of Purity, as some say, of

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ironic
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adj.讽刺的,有讽刺意味的,出乎意料的 | |
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irony
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n.反语,冷嘲;具有讽刺意味的事,嘲弄 | |
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depreciatory
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adj.贬值的,蔑视的 | |
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posterity
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n.后裔,子孙,后代 | |
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confession
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n.自白,供认,承认 | |
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folly
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n.愚笨,愚蠢,蠢事,蠢行,傻话 | |
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prodigious
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adj.惊人的,奇妙的;异常的;巨大的;庞大的 | |
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pretentious
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adj.自命不凡的,自负的,炫耀的 | |
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suffrage
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n.投票,选举权,参政权 | |
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mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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excellence
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n.优秀,杰出,(pl.)优点,美德 | |
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sufficiently
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adv.足够地,充分地 | |
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previously
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adv.以前,先前(地) | |
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partially
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adv.部分地,从某些方面讲 | |
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intervals
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n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息 | |
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eminently
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adv.突出地;显著地;不寻常地 | |
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disposition
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n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署 | |
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faculty
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n.才能;学院,系;(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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descended
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a.为...后裔的,出身于...的 | |
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reign
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n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势 | |
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distinguished
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adj.卓越的,杰出的,著名的 | |
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eldest
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adj.最年长的,最年老的 | |
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attained
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(通常经过努力)实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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remarkable
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adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的 | |
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magistrate
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n.地方行政官,地方法官,治安官 | |
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honourable
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adj.可敬的;荣誉的,光荣的 | |
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tenure
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n.终身职位;任期;(土地)保有权,保有期 | |
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maternal
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adj.母亲的,母亲般的,母系的,母方的 | |
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complimentary
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adj.赠送的,免费的,赞美的,恭维的 | |
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sojourn
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v./n.旅居,寄居;逗留 | |
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Oxford
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n.牛津(英国城市) | |
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unwilling
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adj.不情愿的 | |
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impecuniosity
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n.(经常)没有钱,身无分文,贫穷 | |
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nominal
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adj.名义上的;(金额、租金)微不足道的 | |
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industriously
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lighter
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n.打火机,点火器;驳船;v.用驳船运送;light的比较级 | |
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rehearsal
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n.排练,排演;练习 | |
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miser
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n.守财奴,吝啬鬼 (adj.miserly) | |
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dignified
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a.可敬的,高贵的 | |
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forth
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adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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discredited
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不足信的,不名誉的 | |
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alleged
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a.被指控的,嫌疑的 | |
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amiability
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n.和蔼可亲的,亲切的,友善的 | |
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affidavits
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n.宣誓书,(经陈述者宣誓在法律上可采作证据的)书面陈述( affidavit的名词复数 ) | |
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passionately
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ad.热烈地,激烈地 | |
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smacked
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拍,打,掴( smack的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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breaches
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破坏( breach的名词复数 ); 破裂; 缺口; 违背 | |
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picturesque
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adj.美丽如画的,(语言)生动的,绘声绘色的 | |
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retinue
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n.侍从;随员 | |
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riddled
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adj.布满的;充斥的;泛滥的v.解谜,出谜题(riddle的过去分词形式) | |
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consensus
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n.(意见等的)一致,一致同意,共识 | |
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embellished
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v.美化( embellish的过去式和过去分词 );装饰;修饰;润色 | |
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playwright
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n.剧作家,编写剧本的人 | |
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lessee
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n.(房地产的)租户 | |
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satiric
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adj.讽刺的,挖苦的 | |
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theatrical
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adj.剧场的,演戏的;做戏似的,做作的 | |
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indirectly
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adv.间接地,不直接了当地 | |
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debut
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n.首次演出,初次露面 | |
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immortal
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adj.不朽的;永生的,不死的;神的 | |
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postponed
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vt.& vi.延期,缓办,(使)延迟vt.把…放在次要地位;[语]把…放在后面(或句尾)vi.(疟疾等)延缓发作(或复发) | |
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immediate
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adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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gregarious
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adj.群居的,喜好群居的 | |
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satire
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n.讽刺,讽刺文学,讽刺作品 | |
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calamity
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n.灾害,祸患,不幸事件 | |
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prudent
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adj.谨慎的,有远见的,精打细算的 | |
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shunned
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v.避开,回避,避免( shun的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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elusive
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adj.难以表达(捉摸)的;令人困惑的;逃避的 | |
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patriot
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n.爱国者,爱国主义者 | |
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authenticated
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v.证明是真实的、可靠的或有效的( authenticate的过去式和过去分词 );鉴定,使生效 | |
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patronage
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n.赞助,支援,援助;光顾,捧场 | |
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chronic
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adj.(疾病)长期未愈的,慢性的;极坏的 | |
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penury
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n.贫穷,拮据 | |
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vigour
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(=vigor)n.智力,体力,精力 | |
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qualified
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adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的 | |
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emoluments
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n.报酬,薪水( emolument的名词复数 ) | |
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snobbish
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adj.势利的,谄上欺下的 | |
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suburban
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adj.城郊的,在郊区的 | |
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lesser
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adj.次要的,较小的;adv.较小地,较少地 | |
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cemetery
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n.坟墓,墓地,坟场 | |
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warranty
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n.担保书,证书,保单 | |
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scripture
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n.经文,圣书,手稿;Scripture:(常用复数)《圣经》,《圣经》中的一段 | |
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vivacious
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adj.活泼的,快活的 | |
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knack
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n.诀窍,做事情的灵巧的,便利的方法 | |
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dubious
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adj.怀疑的,无把握的;有问题的,靠不住的 | |
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decided
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adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的 | |
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dilettante
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n.半瓶醋,业余爱好者 | |
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hatred
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n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨 | |
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incapable
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adj.无能力的,不能做某事的 | |
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sane
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adj.心智健全的,神志清醒的,明智的,稳健的 | |
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robust
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adj.强壮的,强健的,粗野的,需要体力的,浓的 | |
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affected
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adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
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admiration
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n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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discreet
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adj.(言行)谨慎的;慎重的;有判断力的 | |
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discreetly
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ad.(言行)审慎地,慎重地 | |
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buffeted
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反复敲打( buffet的过去式和过去分词 ); 连续猛击; 打来打去; 推来搡去 | |
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depicts
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描绘,描画( depict的第三人称单数 ); 描述 | |
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epic
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n.史诗,叙事诗;adj.史诗般的,壮丽的 | |
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succumb
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v.屈服,屈从;死 | |
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laborious
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adj.吃力的,努力的,不流畅 | |
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originality
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n.创造力,独创性;新颖 | |
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tempting
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a.诱人的, 吸引人的 | |
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treacherous
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adj.不可靠的,有暗藏的危险的;adj.背叛的,背信弃义的 | |
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drawn
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v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的 | |
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sketch
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n.草图;梗概;素描;v.素描;概述 | |
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attains
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(通常经过努力)实现( attain的第三人称单数 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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immortality
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n.不死,不朽 | |
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horrid
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adj.可怕的;令人惊恐的;恐怖的;极讨厌的 | |
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component
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n.组成部分,成分,元件;adj.组成的,合成的 | |
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ruffles
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褶裥花边( ruffle的名词复数 ) | |
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apparently
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adv.显然地;表面上,似乎 | |
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rapture
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n.狂喜;全神贯注;着迷;v.使狂喜 | |
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downwards
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adj./adv.向下的(地),下行的(地) | |
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hearty
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adj.热情友好的;衷心的;尽情的,纵情的 | |
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second-hand
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adj.用过的,旧的,二手的 | |
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tavern
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n.小旅馆,客栈;小酒店 | |
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decency
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n.体面,得体,合宜,正派,庄重 | |
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hypocrisy
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n.伪善,虚伪 | |
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vice
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n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的 | |
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manifestation
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n.表现形式;表明;现象 | |
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unintelligible
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adj.无法了解的,难解的,莫明其妙的 | |
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winsome
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n.迷人的,漂亮的 | |
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ascertained
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v.弄清,确定,查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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pruriency
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n.好色;迷恋;淫欲;(焦躁等的)渴望 | |
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noxious
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adj.有害的,有毒的;使道德败坏的,讨厌的 | |
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brutality
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n.野蛮的行为,残忍,野蛮 | |
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enjoyment
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n.乐趣;享有;享用 | |
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lurks
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n.潜在,潜伏;(lurk的复数形式)vi.潜伏,埋伏(lurk的第三人称单数形式) | |
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demur
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v.表示异议,反对 | |
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metaphor
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n.隐喻,暗喻 | |
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competence
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n.能力,胜任,称职 | |
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inquiry
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n.打听,询问,调查,查问 | |
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diabolical
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adj.恶魔似的,凶暴的 | |
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exalts
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赞扬( exalt的第三人称单数 ); 歌颂; 提升; 提拔 | |
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noted
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adj.著名的,知名的 | |
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prone
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adj.(to)易于…的,很可能…的;俯卧的 | |
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naturalists
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n.博物学家( naturalist的名词复数 );(文学艺术的)自然主义者 | |
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137
justification
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n.正当的理由;辩解的理由 | |
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138
kindly
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adj.和蔼的,温和的,爽快的;adv.温和地,亲切地 | |
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139
mischievous
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adj.调皮的,恶作剧的,有害的,伤人的 | |
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140
constructive
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adj.建设的,建设性的 | |
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141
anecdote
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n.轶事,趣闻,短故事 | |
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142
sage
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n.圣人,哲人;adj.贤明的,明智的 | |
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143
practitioners
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n.习艺者,实习者( practitioner的名词复数 );从业者(尤指医师) | |
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144
inevitable
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adj.不可避免的,必然发生的 | |
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145
parody
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n.打油诗文,诙谐的改编诗文,拙劣的模仿;v.拙劣模仿,作模仿诗文 | |
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146
avowed
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adj.公开声明的,承认的v.公开声明,承认( avow的过去式和过去分词) | |
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147
virtue
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n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力 | |
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148
parvenu
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n.暴发户,新贵 | |
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149
recalcitrance
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n.固执,顽抗 | |
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150
taint
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n.污点;感染;腐坏;v.使感染;污染 | |
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151
scantly
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缺乏地,仅仅 | |
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152
impatience
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n.不耐烦,急躁 | |
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153
obnoxious
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adj.极恼人的,讨人厌的,可憎的 | |
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154
censure
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v./n.责备;非难;责难 | |
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155
amplify
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vt.放大,增强;详述,详加解说 | |
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156
epics
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n.叙事诗( epic的名词复数 );壮举;惊人之举;史诗般的电影(或书籍) | |
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157
conscientious
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adj.审慎正直的,认真的,本着良心的 | |
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158
regularity
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n.规律性,规则性;匀称,整齐 | |
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159
odyssey
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n.长途冒险旅行;一连串的冒险 | |
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160
mentor
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n.指导者,良师益友;v.指导 | |
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161
haphazard
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adj.无计划的,随意的,杂乱无章的 | |
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162
abounding
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adj.丰富的,大量的v.大量存在,充满,富于( abound的现在分词 ) | |
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163
vivacity
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n.快活,活泼,精神充沛 | |
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164
verbiage
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n.冗词;冗长 | |
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165
fettered
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v.给…上脚镣,束缚( fetter的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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166
cramped
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a.狭窄的 | |
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167
subdued
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adj. 屈服的,柔和的,减弱的 动词subdue的过去式和过去分词 | |
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168
interspersing
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v.散布,散置( intersperse的现在分词 );点缀 | |
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169
paragon
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n.模范,典型 | |
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170
preeminent
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adj.卓越的,杰出的 | |
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171
sketches
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n.草图( sketch的名词复数 );素描;速写;梗概 | |
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172
sketched
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v.草拟(sketch的过去式与过去分词形式) | |
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173
perfectly
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adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地 | |
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174
maker
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n.制造者,制造商 | |
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175
shudder
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v.战粟,震动,剧烈地摇晃;n.战粟,抖动 | |
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176
everlasting
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adj.永恒的,持久的,无止境的 | |
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177
entity
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n.实体,独立存在体,实际存在物 | |
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178
estranging
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v.使疏远(尤指家庭成员之间)( estrange的现在分词 ) | |
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179
likeness
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n.相像,相似(之处) | |
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180
franchise
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n.特许,特权,专营权,特许权 | |
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