Since to everything there is a season and an opportunity, as the wise Ecclesiastes witnesseth, let us now proceed to relate the manifold opportunities through which we have been assisted by the divine goodness in the acquisition of books.
Although from our youth upwards1 we had always delighted in holding social commune with learned men and lovers of books, yet when we prospered2 in the world and made acquaintance with the King’s majesty3 and were received into his household, we obtained ampler facilities for visiting everywhere as we would, and of hunting as it were certain most choice preserves, libraries private as well as public, and of the regular as well as of the secular4 clergy5. And indeed while we filled various offices to the victorious6 Prince and splendidly triumphant7 King of England, Edward the Third from the Conquest — whose reign8 may the Almighty9 long and peacefully continue — first those about his court, but then those concerning the public affairs of his kingdom, namely the offices of Chancellor11 and Treasurer12, there was afforded to us, in consideration of the royal favour, easy access for the purpose of freely searching the retreats of books. In fact, the fame of our love of them had been soon winged abroad everywhere, and we were reported to burn with such desire for books, and especially old ones, that it was more easy for any man to gain our favour by means of books than of money. Wherefore, since supported by the goodness of the aforesaid prince of worthy13 memory, we were able to requite14 a man well or ill, to benefit or injure mightily15 great as well as small, there flowed in, instead of presents and guerdons, and instead of gifts and jewels, soiled tracts16 and battered17 codices, gladsome alike to our eye and heart. Then the aumbries of the most famous monasteries18 were thrown open, cases were unlocked and caskets were undone19, and volumes that had slumbered20 through long ages in their tombs wake up and are astonished, and those that had lain hidden in dark places are bathed in the ray of unwonted light. These long lifeless books, once most dainty, but now become corrupt21 and loathsome22, covered with litters of mice and pierced with the gnawings of the worms, and who were once clothed in purple and fine linen23, now lying in sackcloth and ashes, given up to oblivion, seemed to have become habitations of the moth24. Natheless among these, seizing the opportunity, we would sit down with more delight than a fastidious physician among his stores of gums and spices, and there we found the object and the stimulus25 of our affections. Thus the sacred vessels26 of learning came into our control and stewardship27; some by gift, others by purchase, and some lent to us for a season.
No wonder that when people saw that we were contented28 with gifts of this kind, they were anxious of their own accord to minister to our needs with those things that they were more willing to dispense29 with than the things they secured by ministering to our service. And in good will we strove so to forward their affairs that gain accrued30 to them, while justice suffered no disparagement31. Indeed, if we had loved gold and silver goblets32, high-bred horses, or no small sums of money, we might in those days have furnished forth33 a rich treasury34. But in truth we wanted manuscripts not moneyscripts; we loved codices more than florins, and preferred slender pamphlets to pampered35 palfreys.
Besides all this, we were frequently made ambassador of this most illustrious Prince of everlasting36 memory, and were sent on the most various affairs of state, now to the Holy See, now to the Court of France, and again to various powers of the world, on tedious embassies and in times of danger, always carrying with us, however, that love of books which many waters could not quench37. For this like a delicious draught38 sweetened the bitterness of our journeyings and after the perplexing intricacies and troublesome difficulties of causes, and the all but inextricable labyrinths39 of public affairs afforded us a little breathing space to enjoy a balmier atmosphere.
O Holy God of gods in Sion, what a mighty10 stream of pleasure made glad our hearts whenever we had leisure to visit Paris, the Paradise of the world, and to linger there; where the days seemed ever few for the greatness of our love! There are delightful40 libraries, more aromatic41 than stores of spicery; there are luxuriant parks of all manner of volumes; there are Academic meads shaken by the tramp of scholars; there are lounges of Athens; walks of the Peripatetics; peaks of Parnassus; and porches of the Stoics42. There is seen the surveyor of all arts and sciences Aristotle, to whom belongs all that is most excellent in doctrine43, so far as relates to this passing sublunary world; there Ptolemy measures epicycles and eccentric apogees and the nodes of the planets by figures and numbers; there Paul reveals the mysteries; there his neighbour Dionysius arranges and distinguishes the hierarchies44; there the virgin45 Carmentis reproduces in Latin characters all that Cadmus collected in Phoenician letters; there indeed opening our treasuries46 and unfastening our purse-strings we scattered47 money with joyous48 heart and purchased inestimable books with mud and sand. It is naught49, it is naught, saith every buyer. But in vain; for behold50 how good and how pleasant it is to gather together the arms of the clerical warfare51, that we may have the means to crush the attacks of heretics, if they arise.
Further, we are aware that we obtained most excellent opportunities of collecting in the following way. From our early years we attached to our society with the most exquisite52 solicitude53 and discarding all partiality all such masters and scholars and professors in the several faculties54 as had become most distinguished55 by their subtlety56 of mind and the fame of their learning. Deriving57 consolation58 from their sympathetic conversation, we were delightfully59 entertained, now by demonstrative chains of reasoning, now by the recital60 of physical processes and the treatises61 of the doctors of the Church, now by stimulating62 discourses63 on the allegorical meanings of things, as by a rich and well-varied intellectual feast. Such men we chose as comrades in our years of learning, as companions in our chamber65, as associates on our journeys, as guests at our table, and, in short, as helpmates in all the vicissitudes66 of life. But as no happiness is permitted to endure for long, we were sometimes deprived of the bodily companionship of some of these shining lights, when justice looking down from heaven, the ecclesiastical preferments and dignities that they deserved fell to their portion. And thus it happened, as was only right, that in attending to their own cures they were obliged to absent themselves from attendance upon us.
We will add yet another very convenient way by which a great multitude of books old as well as new came into our hands. For we never regarded with disdain67 or disgust the poverty of the mendicant68 orders, adopted for the sake of Christ; but in all parts of the world took them into the kindly69 arms of our compassion70, allured71 them by the most friendly familiarity into devotion to ourselves, and having so allured them cherished them with munificent72 liberality of beneficence for the sake of God, becoming benefactors73 of all of them in general in such wise that we seemed none the less to have adopted certain individuals with a special fatherly affection. To these men we were as a refuge in every case of need, and never refused to them the shelter of our favour, wherefore we deserved to find them most special furtherers of our wishes and promoters thereof in act and deed, who compassing land and sea, traversing the circuit of the world, and ransacking74 the universities and high schools of various provinces, were zealous76 in combatting for our desires, in the sure and certain hope of reward. What leveret could escape amidst so many keen-sighted hunters? What little fish could evade77 in turn their hooks and nets and snares78? From the body of the Sacred Law down to the booklet containing the fallacies of yesterday, nothing could escape these searchers. Was some devout79 discourse64 uttered at the fountain-head of Christian80 faith, the holy Roman Curia, or was some strange question ventilated with novel arguments; did the solidity of Paris, which is now more zealous in the study of antiquity81 than in the subtle investigation82 of truth, did English subtlety, which illumined by the lights of former times is always sending forth fresh rays of truth, produce anything to the advancement83 of science or the declaration of the faith, this was instantly poured still fresh into our ears, ungarbled by any babbler, unmutilated by any trifler, but passing straight from the purest of wine-presses into the vats84 of our memory to be clarified.
But whenever it happened that we turned aside to the cities and places where the mendicants we have mentioned had their convents, we did not disdain to visit their libraries and any other repositories of books; nay85, there we found heaped up amid the utmost poverty the utmost riches of wisdom. We discovered in their fardels and baskets not only crumbs86 falling from the masters’ table for the dogs, but the shewbread without leaven87 and the bread of angels having in it all that is delicious; and indeed the garners88 of Joseph full of corn, and all the spoil of the Egyptians, and the very precious gifts which Queen Sheba brought to Solomon.
These men are as ants ever preparing their meat in the summer, and ingenious bees continually fabricating cells of honey. They are successors of Bezaleel in devising all manner of workmanship in silver and gold and precious stones for decorating the temple of the Church. They are cunning embroiderers, who fashion the breastplate and ephod of the high priest and all the various vestments of the priests. They fashion the curtains of linen and hair and coverings of ram’s skins dyed red with which to adorn89 the tabernacle of the Church militant90. They are husbandmen that sow, oxen treading out corn, sounding trumpets91, shining Pleiades and stars remaining in their courses, which cease not to fight against Sisera. And to pay due regard to truth, without prejudice to the judgment92 of any, although they lately at the eleventh hour have entered the lord’s vineyard, as the books that are so fond of us eagerly declared in our sixth chapter, they have added more in this brief hour to the stock of the sacred books than all the other vine-dressers; following in the footsteps of Paul, the last to be called but the first in preaching, who spread the gospel of Christ more widely than all others. Of these men, when we were raised to the episcopate we had several of both orders, viz., the Preachers and Minors93, as personal attendants and companions at our board, men distinguished no less in letters than in morals, who devoted94 themselves with unwearied zeal75 to the correction, exposition, tabulation95, and compilation96 of various volumes. But although we have acquired a very numerous store of ancient as well as modern works by the manifold intermediation of the religious, yet we must laud97 the Preachers with special praise, in that we have found them above all the religious most freely communicative of their stores without jealousy98, and proved them to be imbued99 with an almost Divine liberality, not greedy but fitting possessors of luminous100 wisdom.
Besides all the opportunities mentioned above, we secured the acquaintance of stationers and booksellers, not only within our own country, but of those spread over the realms of France, Germany, and Italy, money flying forth in abundance to anticipate their demands; nor were they hindered by any distance or by the fury of the seas, or by the lack of means for their expenses, from sending or bringing to us the books that we required. For they well knew that their expectations of our bounty101 would not be defrauded102, but that ample repayment103 with usury104 was to be found with us.
Nor, finally, did our good fellowship, which aimed to captivate the affection of all, overlook the rectors of schools and the instructors105 of rude boys. But rather, when we had an opportunity, we entered their little plots and gardens and gathered sweet-smelling flowers from the surface and dug up their roots, obsolete106 indeed, but still useful to the student, which might, when their rank barbarism was digested heal the pectoral arteries107 with the gift of eloquence108. Amongst the mass of these things we found some greatly meriting to be restored, which when skilfully109 cleansed110 and freed from the disfiguring rust111 of age, deserved to be renovated112 into comeliness113 of aspect. And applying in full measure the necessary means, as a type of the resurrection to come, we resuscitated114 them and restored them again to new life and health.
Moreover, we had always in our different manors115 no small multitude of copyists and scribes, of binders116, correctors, illuminators, and generally of all who could usefully labour in the service of books. Finally, all of both sexes and of every rank or position who had any kind of association with books, could most easily open by their knocking the door of our heart, and find a fit resting-place in our affection and favour. In so much did we receive those who brought books, that the multitude of those who had preceded them did not lessen117 the welcome of the after-comers, nor were the favours we had awarded yesterday prejudicial to those of to-day. Wherefore, ever using all the persons we have named as a kind of magnets to attract books, we had the desired accession of the vessels of science and a multitudinous flight of the finest volumes.
And this is what we undertook to narrate118 in the present chapter.
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1
upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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prospered
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| 成功，兴旺( prosper的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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secular
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| n.牧师，凡人；adj.世俗的，现世的，不朽的 | |
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clergy
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| n.[总称]牧师，神职人员 | |
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victorious
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| adj.胜利的，得胜的 | |
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triumphant
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| adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的 | |
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reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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almighty
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| adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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chancellor
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| n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长 | |
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treasurer
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| n.司库，财务主管 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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requite
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| v.报酬，报答 | |
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mightily
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| ad.强烈地；非常地 | |
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tracts
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| 大片土地( tract的名词复数 )； 地带； （体内的）道； （尤指宣扬宗教、伦理或政治的）短文 | |
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battered
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| adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损 | |
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monasteries
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| 修道院( monastery的名词复数 ) | |
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undone
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| a.未做完的，未完成的 | |
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slumbered
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| 微睡，睡眠（slumber的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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corrupt
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| v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的 | |
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loathsome
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| adj.讨厌的，令人厌恶的 | |
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linen
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| n.亚麻布，亚麻线，亚麻制品；adj.亚麻布制的，亚麻的 | |
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moth
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| n.蛾，蛀虫 | |
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stimulus
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| n.刺激，刺激物，促进因素，引起兴奋的事物 | |
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vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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stewardship
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| n. n. 管理工作；管事人的职位及职责 | |
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contented
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| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
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dispense
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| vt.分配，分发；配(药)，发(药)；实施 | |
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accrued
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| adj.权责已发生的v.增加( accrue的过去式和过去分词 )；（通过自然增长）产生；获得；（使钱款、债务）积累 | |
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disparagement
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| n.轻视，轻蔑 | |
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goblets
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| n.高脚酒杯( goblet的名词复数 ) | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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treasury
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| n.宝库；国库，金库；文库 | |
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pampered
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| adj.饮食过量的，饮食奢侈的v.纵容，宠，娇养( pamper的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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everlasting
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| adj.永恒的，持久的，无止境的 | |
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quench
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| vt.熄灭，扑灭；压制 | |
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draught
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| n.拉，牵引，拖；一网（饮，吸，阵)；顿服药量，通风；v.起草，设计 | |
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labyrinths
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| 迷宫( labyrinth的名词复数 )； （文字，建筑）错综复杂的 | |
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delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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aromatic
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| adj.芳香的，有香味的 | |
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stoics
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| 禁欲主义者，恬淡寡欲的人，不以苦乐为意的人( stoic的名词复数 ) | |
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doctrine
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| n.教义；主义；学说 | |
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hierarchies
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| 等级制度( hierarchy的名词复数 )； 统治集团； 领导层； 层次体系 | |
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virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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treasuries
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| n.（政府的）财政部( treasury的名词复数 )；国库，金库 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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joyous
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| adj.充满快乐的；令人高兴的 | |
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naught
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| n.无，零 [=nought] | |
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behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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warfare
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| n.战争(状态)；斗争；冲突 | |
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exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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solicitude
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| n.焦虑 | |
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faculties
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| n.能力( faculty的名词复数 )；全体教职员；技巧；院 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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subtlety
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| n.微妙，敏锐，精巧；微妙之处，细微的区别 | |
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deriving
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| v.得到( derive的现在分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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delightfully
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| 大喜，欣然 | |
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recital
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| n.朗诵，独奏会，独唱会 | |
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treatises
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| n.专题著作，专题论文，专著( treatise的名词复数 ) | |
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stimulating
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| adj.有启发性的，能激发人思考的 | |
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discourses
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| 论文( discourse的名词复数 )； 演说； 讲道； 话语 | |
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discourse
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| n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述 | |
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chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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vicissitudes
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| n.变迁，世事变化；变迁兴衰( vicissitude的名词复数 )；盛衰兴废 | |
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disdain
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| n.鄙视，轻视；v.轻视，鄙视，不屑 | |
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mendicant
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| n.乞丐；adj.行乞的 | |
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kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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compassion
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| n.同情，怜悯 | |
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allured
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| 诱引，吸引( allure的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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munificent
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| adj.慷慨的，大方的 | |
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benefactors
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| n.捐助者，施主( benefactor的名词复数 )；恩人 | |
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ransacking
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| v.彻底搜查( ransack的现在分词 )；抢劫，掠夺 | |
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zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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zealous
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| adj.狂热的，热心的 | |
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evade
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| vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避 | |
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snares
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| n.陷阱( snare的名词复数 )；圈套；诱人遭受失败（丢脸、损失等）的东西；诱惑物v.用罗网捕捉，诱陷，陷害( snare的第三人称单数 ) | |
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devout
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| adj.虔诚的，虔敬的，衷心的 (n.devoutness) | |
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Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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antiquity
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| n.古老；高龄；古物，古迹 | |
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investigation
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| n.调查，调查研究 | |
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advancement
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| n.前进，促进，提升 | |
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vats
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| varieties 变化，多样性，种类 | |
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nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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86
crumbs
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| int. (表示惊讶)哎呀 n. 碎屑 名词crumb的复数形式 | |
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leaven
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| v.使发酵；n.酵母；影响 | |
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garners
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| v.收集并（通常）贮藏（某物），取得，获得( garner的第三人称单数 ) | |
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adorn
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| vt.使美化，装饰 | |
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militant
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| adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士 | |
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trumpets
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| 喇叭( trumpet的名词复数 )； 小号； 喇叭形物； （尤指）绽开的水仙花 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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minors
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| n.未成年人( minor的名词复数 )；副修科目；小公司；[逻辑学]小前提v.[主美国英语]副修，选修，兼修( minor的第三人称单数 ) | |
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devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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tabulation
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| 作表，表格； 表列结果； 列表； 造表 | |
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compilation
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| n.编译，编辑 | |
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laud
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| n.颂歌；v.赞美 | |
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jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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imbued
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| v.使（某人/某事）充满或激起（感情等）( imbue的过去式和过去分词 )；使充满；灌输；激发（强烈感情或品质等） | |
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luminous
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| adj.发光的，发亮的；光明的；明白易懂的；有启发的 | |
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bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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102
defrauded
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| v.诈取，骗取( defraud的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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103
repayment
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| n.偿还，偿还款；报酬 | |
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104
usury
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| n.高利贷 | |
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instructors
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| 指导者，教师( instructor的名词复数 ) | |
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obsolete
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| adj.已废弃的，过时的 | |
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arteries
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| n.动脉( artery的名词复数 )；干线，要道 | |
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eloquence
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| n.雄辩；口才，修辞 | |
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skilfully
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| adv. (美skillfully)熟练地 | |
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cleansed
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| 弄干净，清洗( cleanse的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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rust
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| n.锈；v.生锈；(脑子)衰退 | |
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renovated
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| 翻新，修复，整修( renovate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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comeliness
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| n. 清秀, 美丽, 合宜 | |
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114
resuscitated
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| v.使（某人或某物）恢复知觉，苏醒( resuscitate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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115
manors
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| n.庄园（manor的复数形式） | |
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116
binders
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| n.（司机行话）刹车器；（书籍的）装订机( binder的名词复数 )；（购买不动产时包括预付订金在内的）保证书；割捆机；活页封面 | |
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117
lessen
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| vt.减少，减轻；缩小 | |
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118
narrate
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| v.讲，叙述 | |
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