That with its wearisome but needful length
Bestrides the wintry flood, in which the moon
Sees her unwrinkled face reflected bright;—
He comes, the herald2 of a noisy world,
With spattered boots, strapped3 waist, and frozen locks,
News from all nations lumbering4 at his back.
True to his charge the close-packed load behind,
Yet careless what he brings, his one concern
Is to conduct it to the destined5 inn,
And, having dropped the expected bag—pass on.
He whistles as he goes, light-hearted wretch6,
Cold and yet cheerful: messenger of grief
Perhaps to thousands, and of joy to some;
To him indifferent whether grief or joy.
Houses in ashes, and the fall of stocks,
Births, deaths, and marriages, epistles wet
With tears that trickled7 down the writer’s cheeks,
Fast as the periods from his fluent quill8,
Or charged with amorous9 sighs of absent swains,
Or nymphs responsive, equally affect
His horse and him, unconscious of them all.
But oh, the important budget! ushered10 in
With such heart-shaking music, who can say
What are its tidings? have our troops awaked?
Or do they still, as if with opium11 drugged,
Snore to the murmurs13 of the Atlantic wave?
Is India free? and does she wear her plumed15
And jewelled turban with a smile of peace,
Or do we grind her still? The grand debate,
The popular harangue16, the tart17 reply,
The logic18 and the wisdom and the wit
And the loud laugh—I long to know them all;
I burn to set the imprisoned20 wranglers21 free,
And give them voice and utterance22 once again.
Now stir the fire, and close the shutters24 fast,
Let fall the curtains, wheel the sofa round,
And while the bubbling and loud-hissing urn19
Throws up a steamy column, and the cups,
That cheer but not inebriate25, wait on each,
So let us welcome peaceful evening in.
Not such his evening, who with shining face
Sweats in the crowded theatre, and squeezed
And bored with elbow-points through both his sides,
Outscolds the ranting26 actor on the stage;
Nor his, who patient stands till his feet throb27
And his head thumps28, to feed upon the breath
Of patriots29 bursting with heroic rage,
Or placemen all tranquillity30 and smiles.
This folio of four pages, happy work!
Which not even critics criticise31, that holds
Inquisitive32 attention while I read
Fast bound in chains of silence, which the fair,
Though eloquent33 themselves, yet fear to break,
What is it but a map of busy life,
Its fluctuations34 and its vast concerns?
Here runs the mountainous and craggy ridge1
That tempts35 ambition. On the summit, see,
The seals of office glitter in his eyes;
He climbs, he pants, he grasps them. At his heels,
Close at his heels, a demagogue ascends37,
And with a dextrous jerk soon twists him down
And wins them, but to lose them in his turn.
Here rills of oily eloquence39, in soft
Meanders40, lubricate the course they take;
The modest speaker is ashamed and grieved
To engross41 a moment’s notice, and yet begs,
Begs a propitious42 ear for his poor thoughts,
However trivial all that he conceives.
Sweet bashfulness! it claims, at least, this praise,
The dearth43 of information and good sense
That it foretells44 us, always comes to pass.
Cataracts45 of declamation46 thunder here,
There forests of no meaning spread the page
In which all comprehension wanders lost;
While fields of pleasantry amuse us there,
With merry descants48 on a nation’s woes50.
The rest appears a wilderness51 of strange
But gay confusion; roses for the cheeks
And lilies for the brows of faded age,
Teeth for the toothless, ringlets for the bald,
Heaven, earth, and ocean plundered53 of their sweets.
Nectareous essences, Olympian dews,
Sermons and city feasts and favourite airs,
Ethereal journeys, submarine exploits,
And Katterfelto with his hair on end
At his own wonders, wondering for his bread.
’Tis pleasant through the loopholes of retreat
To peep at such a world; to see the stir
Of the great Babel and not feel the crowd;
To hear the roar she sends through all her gates
At a safe distance, where the dying sound
Falls a soft murmur14 on the uninjured ear.
Thus sitting and surveying thus at ease
The globe and its concerns, I seem advanced
To some secure and more than mortal height,
That liberates54 and exempts56 me from them all.
It turns submitted to my view, turns round
With all its generations; I behold57
The tumult58 and am still. The sound of war
Has lost its terrors ere it reaches me;
Grieves, but alarms me not. I mourn the pride
And avarice59 that makes man a wolf to man;
Hear the faint echo of those brazen60 throats
By which he speaks the language of his heart,
And sigh, but never tremble at the sound.
He travels and expatiates61, as the bee
From flower to flower so he from land to land;
The manners, customs, policy of all
Pay contribution to the store he gleans62,
He sucks intelligence in every clime,
And spreads the honey of his deep research
At his return—a rich repast for me.
He travels and I too. I tread his deck,
Ascend38 his topmast, through his peering eyes
Discover countries, with a kindred heart
Suffer his woes and share in his escapes;
While fancy, like the finger of a clock,
Runs the great circuit, and is still at home.
Oh Winter, ruler of the inverted63 year,
Thy scattered64 hair with sleet-like ashes filled,
Thy breath congealed65 upon thy lips, thy cheeks
Fringed with a beard made white with other snows
Than those of age, thy forehead wrapped in clouds,
A leafless branch thy sceptre, and thy throne
A sliding car indebted to no wheels,
But urged by storms along its slippery way,
I love thee, all unlovely as thou seem’st,
And dreaded66 as thou art. Thou hold’st the sun
A prisoner in the yet undawning East,
Shortening his journey between morn and noon,
And hurrying him, impatient of his stay,
Down to the rosy67 west; but kindly68 still
Compensating69 his loss with added hours
Of social converse70 and instructive ease,
And gathering71 at short notice in one group
The family dispersed72, and fixing thought
Not less dispersed by daylight and its cares.
I crown thee king of intimate delights,
Fire-side enjoyments73, home-born happiness,
And all the comforts that the lowly roof
Of undisturbed retirement74, and the hours
Of long uninterrupted evening know.
No rattling75 wheels stop short before these gates;
No powdered pert proficients76 in the art
Of sounding an alarm, assault these doors
Till the street rings; no stationary77 steeds
Cough their own knell78, while heedless of the sound
The silent circle fan themselves, and quake:
But here the needle plies79 its busy task,
The pattern grows, the well-depicted flower,
Wrought80 patiently into the snowy lawn,
Unfolds its bosom81; buds and leaves and sprigs
And curly tendrils, gracefully82 disposed,
Follow the nimble finger of the fair;
A wreath that cannot fade, of flowers that blow
With most success when all besides decay.
The poet’s or historian’s page, by one
Made vocal83 for the amusement of the rest;
The sprightly84 lyre, whose treasure of sweet sounds
The touch from many a trembling chord shakes out;
And the clear voice symphonious, yet distinct,
And in the charming strife85 triumphant86 still,
Beguile87 the night, and set a keener edge
On female industry; the threaded steel
Flies swiftly, and unfelt the task proceeds.
The volume closed, the customary rites89
Of the last meal commence: a Roman meal,
Such as the mistress of the world once found
Delicious, when her patriots of high note,
Perhaps by moonlight, at their humble90 doors,
And under an old oak’s domestic shade,
Enjoyed—spare feast!—a radish and an egg.
Discourse91 ensues, not trivial, yet not dull,
Nor such as with a frown forbids the play
Of fancy, or proscribes92 the sound of mirth;
Nor do we madly, like an impious world,
Who deem religion frenzy93, and the God
That made them an intruder on their joys,
Start at His awful name, or deem His praise
A jarring note; themes of a graver tone
Exciting oft our gratitude94 and love,
While we retrace95 with memory’s pointing wand
That calls the past to our exact review,
The dangers we have scaped, the broken snare96,
The disappointed foe97, deliverance found
Unlooked for, life preserved and peace restored,
Fruits of omnipotent98 eternal love:—
Oh evenings worthy99 of the gods! exclaimed
The Sabine bard100. Oh evenings, I reply,
More to be prized and coveted101 than yours,
As more illumined and with nobler truths,
That I, and mine, and those we love, enjoy.
Is Winter hideous102 in a garb103 like this?
Needs he the tragic104 fur, the smoke of lamps,
The pent-up breath of an unsavoury throng105
To thaw106 him into feeling, or the smart
And snappish dialogue that flippant wits
Call comedy, to prompt him with a smile?
The self-complacent actor, when he views
(Stealing a sidelong glance at a full house)
The slope of faces from the floor to the roof,
As if one master-spring controlled them all,
Relaxed into an universal grin,
Sees not a countenance107 there that speaks a joy
Half so refined or so sincere as ours.
Cards were superfluous108 here, with all the tricks
That idleness has ever yet contrived109
To fill the void of an unfurnished brain,
To palliate dulness and give time a shove.
Time, as he passes us, has a dove’s wing,
Unsoiled and swift and of a silken sound.
But the world’s time is time in masquerade.
Theirs, should I paint him, has his pinions110 fledged
With motley plumes111, and, where the peacock shows
His azure112 eyes, is tinctured black and red
With spots quadrangular of diamond form,
Ensanguined hearts, clubs typical of strife,
And spades, the emblem113 of untimely graves.
What should be, and what was an hour-glass once,
Becomes a dice-box, and a billiard mast
Well does the work of his destructive scythe114.
Thus decked he charms a world whom fashion blinds
To his true worth, most pleased when idle most,
Whose only happy are their wasted hours.
Even misses, at whose age their mothers wore
The back-string and the bib, assume the dress
Of womanhood, sit pupils in the school
Of card-devoted time, and night by night,
Placed at some vacant corner of the board,
Learn every trick, and soon play all the game.
But truce115 with censure116. Roving as I rove,
Where shall I find an end, or how proceed?
As he that travels far, oft turns aside
To view some rugged12 rock, or mouldering117 tower,
Which seen delights him not; then coming home,
Describes and prints it, that the world may know
How far he went for what was nothing worth;
So I, with brush in hand and pallet spread
With colours mixed for a far different use,
Paint cards and dolls, and every idle thing
That fancy finds in her excursive flights.
Come, Evening, once again, season of peace,
Return, sweet Evening, and continue long!
Methinks I see thee in the streaky west,
With matron-step slow moving, while the night
Treads on thy sweeping118 train; one hand employed
In letting fall the curtain of repose119
On bird and beast, the other charged for man
With sweet oblivion of the cares of day;
Not sumptuously120 adorned121, nor needing aid,
Like homely-featured night, of clustering gems122,
A star or two just twinkling on thy brow
Suffices thee; save that the moon is thine
No less than hers, not worn indeed on high
With ostentatious pageantry, but set
With modest grandeur123 in thy purple zone,
Resplendent less, but of an ampler round.
Come, then, and thou shalt find thy votary124 calm,
Or make me so. Composure is thy gift;
And whether I devote thy gentle hours
To books, to music, or to poet’s toil125,
To weaving nets for bird-alluring fruit,
Or twining silken threads round ivory reels
When they command whom man was born to please,
I slight thee not, but make thee welcome still.
Just when our drawing-rooms begin to blaze
With lights, by clear reflection multiplied
From many a mirror, in which he of Gath,
Goliath, might have seen his giant bulk
Whole without stooping, towering crest126 and all,
My pleasures too begin. But me perhaps
The glowing hearth127 may satisfy a while
With faint illumination, that uplifts
The shadow to the ceiling, there by fits
Dancing uncouthly128 to the quivering flame.
Not undelightful is an hour to me
So spent in parlour twilight130; such a gloom
Suits well the thoughtful or unthinking mind,
The mind contemplative, with some new theme
Pregnant, or indisposed alike to all.
Laugh ye, who boast your more mercurial131 powers
That never feel a stupor132, know no pause,
Nor need one; I am conscious, and confess.
Fearless, a soul that does not always think.
Me oft has fancy ludicrous and wild
Soothed134 with a waking dream of houses, towers,
Trees, churches, and strange visages expressed
In the red cinders135, while with poring eye
I gazed, myself creating what I saw.
Nor less amused have I quiescent136 watched
The sooty films that play upon the bars
Pendulous137, and foreboding in the view
Of superstition138, prophesying139 still,
Though still deceived, some stranger’s near approach.
’Tis thus the understanding takes repose
In indolent vacuity140 of thought,
And sleeps and is refreshed. Meanwhile the face
Conceals141 the mood lethargic142 with a mask
Of deep deliberation, as the man
Were tasked to his full strength, absorbed and lost.
Thus oft reclined at ease, I lose an hour
At evening, till at length the freezing blast
That sweeps the bolted shutter23, summons home
The recollected143 powers, and, snapping short
The glassy threads with which the fancy weaves
Her brittle144 toys, restores me to myself.
How calm is my recess145! and how the frost
Raging abroad, and the rough wind, endear
The silence and the warmth enjoyed within!
I saw the woods and fields at close of day
A variegated146 show; the meadows green
Though faded, and the lands, where lately waved
The golden harvest, of a mellow147 brown,
Upturned so lately by the forceful share;
I saw far off the weedy fallows smile
With verdure not unprofitable, grazed
By flocks fast feeding, and selecting each
His favourite herb; while all the leafless groves148
That skirt the horizon wore a sable149 hue150,
Scarce noticed in the kindred dusk of eve.
To-morrow brings a change, a total change,
Which even now, though silently performed
And slowly, and by most unfelt, the face
Of universal nature undergoes.
Fast falls a fleecy shower; the downy flakes151,
Descending152 and with never-ceasing lapse153
Softly alighting upon all below,
Assimilate all objects. Earth receives
Gladly the thickening mantle154, and the green
And tender blade, that feared the chilling blast,
Escapes unhurt beneath so warm a veil.
In such a world, so thorny155, and where none
Finds happiness unblighted, or if found,
Without some thistly sorrow at its side,
It seems the part of wisdom, and no sin
Against the law of love, to measure lots
With less distinguished156 than ourselves, that thus
We may with patience bear our moderate ills,
And sympathise with others, suffering more.
Ill fares the traveller now, and he that stalks
In ponderous157 boots beside his reeking158 team;
The wain goes heavily, impeded159 sore
By congregating160 loads adhering close
To the clogged161 wheels, and, in its sluggish162 pace,
Noiseless appears a moving hill of snow.
The toiling163 steeds expand the nostril164 wide,
While every breath, by respiration165 strong
Forced downward, is consolidated166 soon
Upon their jutting167 chests. He, formed to bear
The pelting168 brunt of the tempestuous169 night,
With half-shut eyes, and puckered170 cheeks, and teeth
Presented bare against the storm, plods171 on;
One hand secures his hat, save when with both
He brandishes172 his pliant173 length of whip,
Resounding174 oft, and never heard in vain.
Oh happy, and, in my account, denied
That sensibility of pain with which
Refinement175 is endued176, thrice happy thou!
Thy frame, robust177 and hardy178, feels indeed
The piercing cold, but feels it unimpaired;
The learned finger never need explore
Thy vigorous pulse, and the unhealthful East,
That breathes the spleen, and searches every bone
Of the infirm, is wholesome179 air to thee.
Thy days roll on exempt55 from household care,
Thy waggon180 is thy wife; and the poor beasts,
That drag the dull companion to and fro,
Thine helpless charge, dependent on thy care.
Ah, treat them kindly! rude as thou appearest,
Yet show that thou hast mercy, which the great,
With needless hurry whirled from place to place,
Humane181 as they would seem, not always show.
Poor, yet industrious182, modest, quiet, neat,
Such claim compassion183 in a night like this,
And have a friend in every feeling heart.
Warmed while it lasts, by labour, all day long
They brave the season, and yet find at eve,
Ill clad and fed but sparely, time to cool.
The frugal184 housewife trembles when she lights
Her scanty185 stock of brushwood, blazing clear,
But dying soon, like all terrestrial joys;
The few small embers left she nurses well.
And while her infant race with outspread hands
And crowded knees sit cowering186 o’er the sparks,
Retires, content to quake, so they be warmed.
The man feels least, as more inured187 than she
To winter, and the current in his veins188
More briskly moved by his severer toil;
Yet he, too, finds his own distress189 in theirs.
The taper190 soon extinguished, which I saw
Dangled191 along at the cold finger’s end
Just when the day declined, and the brown loaf
Lodged192 on the shelf, half-eaten, without sauce
Of sav’ry cheese, or butter costlier193 still,
Sleep seems their only refuge. For alas194,
Where penury195 is felt the thought is chained,
And sweet colloquial196 pleasures are but few.
With all this thrift197 they thrive not. All the care
Ingenious parsimony198 takes, but just
Saves the small inventory199, bed and stool,
Skillet and old carved chest, from public sale.
They live, and live without extorted200 alms
From grudging201 hands, but other boast have none
To soothe133 their honest pride that scorns to beg,
Nor comfort else, but in their mutual202 love.
I praise you much, ye meek203 and patient pair,
For ye are worthy; choosing rather far
A dry but independent crust, hard-earned
And eaten with a sigh, than to endure
The rugged frowns and insolent204 rebuffs
Of knaves205 in office, partial in their work
Of distribution; liberal of their aid
To clamorous206 importunity207 in rags,
But ofttimes deaf to suppliants208 who would blush
To wear a tattered209 garb however coarse,
Whom famine cannot reconcile to filth210;
These ask with painful shyness, and, refused
Because deserving, silently retire.
But be ye of good courage! Time itself
Shall much befriend you. Time shall give increase,
And all your numerous progeny211, well trained,
But helpless, in few years shall find their hands,
And labour too. Meanwhile ye shall not want
What, conscious of your virtues213, we can spare,
Nor what a wealthier than ourselves may send.
I mean the man, who when the distant poor
Need help, denies them nothing but his name.
But poverty with most, who whimper forth214
Their long complaints, is self-inflicted woe49,
The effect of laziness or sottish waste.
Now goes the nightly thief prowling abroad
For plunder52; much solicitous215 how best
He may compensate216 for a day of sloth217,
By works of darkness and nocturnal wrong,
Woe to the gardener’s pale, the farmer’s hedge
Plashed neatly218 and secured with driven stakes
Deep in the loamy bank. Uptorn by strength
Resistless in so bad a cause, but lame129
To better deeds, he bundles up the spoil—
An ass’s burden,—and when laden219 most
And heaviest, light of foot steals fast away.
Nor does the boarded hovel better guard
The well-stacked pile of riven logs and roots
From his pernicious force. Nor will he leave
Unwrenched the door, however well secured,
Where chanticleer amidst his harem sleeps
In unsuspecting pomp; twitched220 from the perch221
He gives the princely bird with all his wives
To his voracious222 bag, struggling in vain,
And loudly wondering at the sudden change.
Nor this to feed his own. ’Twere some excuse
Did pity of their sufferings warp223 aside
His principle, and tempt36 him into sin
For their support, so destitute224; but they
Neglected pine at home, themselves, as more
Exposed than others, with less scruple225 made
His victims, robbed of their defenceless all.
Cruel is all he does. ’Tis quenchless226 thirst
Of ruinous ebriety that prompts
His every action, and imbrutes the man.
Oh for a law to noose228 the villain’s neck
Who starves his own; who persecutes229 the blood
He gave them in his children’s veins, and hates
And wrongs the woman he has sworn to love.
Pass where we may, through city, or through town,
Village or hamlet of this merry land,
Though lean and beggared, every twentieth pace
Conducts the unguarded nose to such a whiff
Of stale debauch230, forth-issuing from the styes
That law has licensed231, as makes temperance reel.
There sit involved and lost in curling clouds
Of Indian fume232, and guzzling233 deep, the boor234,
The lackey235, and the groom236. The craftsman237 there
Takes a Lethean leave of all his toil;
Smith, cobbler, joiner, he that plies the shears238,
And he that kneads the dough239: all loud alike,
All learned, and all drunk. The fiddle240 screams
Plaintive241 and piteous, as it wept and wailed242
Its wasted tones and harmony unheard;
Fierce the dispute, whate’er the theme; while she,
Fell Discord243, arbitress of such debate,
Perched on the sign-post, holds with even hand
Her undecisive scales. In this she lays
A weight of ignorance, in that, of pride,
And smiles delighted with the eternal poise244.
Dire245 is the frequent curse and its twin sound
The cheek-distending oath, not to be praised
As ornamental246, musical, polite,
Like those which modern senators employ,
Whose oath is rhetoric247, and who swear for fame.
Behold the schools in which plebeian248 minds,
Once simple, are initiated249 in arts
Which some may practise with politer grace,
But none with readier skill! ’Tis here they learn
The road that leads from competence250 and peace
To indigence251 and rapine; till at last
Society, grown weary of the load,
Shakes her encumbered252 lap, and casts them out.
But censure profits little. Vain the attempt
To advertise in verse a public pest,
That, like the filth with which the peasant feeds
His hungry acres, stinks253 and is of use.
The excise254 is fattened255 with the rich result
Of all this riot; and ten thousand casks,
For ever dribbling256 out their base contents,
Touched by the Midas finger of the state,
Bleed gold for Ministers to sport away.
Drink and be mad then; ’tis your country bids!
Gloriously drunk, obey the important call,
Her cause demands the assistance of your throats;—
Ye all can swallow, and she asks no more.
Would I had fallen upon those happier days
That poets celebrate; those golden times
And those Arcadian scenes that Maro sings,
And Sidney, warbler of poetic257 prose.
Nymphs were Dianas then, and swains had hearts
That felt their virtues. Innocence258, it seems,
From courts dismissed, found shelter in the groves;
The footsteps of simplicity259, impressed
Upon the yielding herbage (so they sing),
Then were not all effaced260. Then speech profane261
And manners profligate262 were rarely found,
Observed as prodigies263, and soon reclaimed264.
Vain wish! those days were never: airy dreams
Sat for the picture; and the poet’s hand,
Imparting substance to an empty shade,
Imposed a gay delirium265 for a truth.
Grant it: I still must envy them an age
That favoured such a dream, in days like these
Impossible, when virtue212 is so scarce
That to suppose a scene where she presides
Is tramontane, and stumbles all belief.
No. We are polished now. The rural lass,
Whom once her virgin266 modesty267 and grace,
Her artless manners and her neat attire268,
So dignified269, that she was hardly less
Than the fair shepherdess of old romance,
Is seen no more. The character is lost.
Her head adorned with lappets pinned aloft
And ribbons streaming gay, superbly raised
And magnified beyond all human size,
Indebted to some smart wig-weaver’s hand
For more than half the tresses it sustains;
Her elbows ruffled270, and her tottering271 form
Ill propped272 upon French heels; she might be deemed
(But that the basket dangling273 on her arm
Interprets her more truly) of a rank
Too proud for dairy-work, or sale of eggs;
Expect her soon with foot-boy at her heels,
No longer blushing for her awkward load,
Her train and her umbrella all her care.
The town has tinged274 the country; and the stain
Appears a spot upon a vestal’s robe,
The worse for what it soils. The fashion runs
Down into scenes still rural, but alas,
Scenes rarely graced with rural manners now.
Time was when in the pastoral retreat
The unguarded door was safe; men did not watch
To invade another’s right, or guard their own.
Then sleep was undisturbed by fear, unscared
By drunken howlings; and the chilling tale
Of midnight murder was a wonder heard
With doubtful credit, told to frighten babes
But farewell now to unsuspicious nights,
And slumbers275 unalarmed. Now, ere you sleep,
See that your polished arms be primed with care,
And drop the night-bolt. Ruffians are abroad,
And the first larum of the cock’s shrill276 throat
May prove a trumpet277, summoning your ear
To horrid278 sounds of hostile feet within.
Even daylight has its dangers; and the walk
Through pathless wastes and woods, unconscious once
Of other tenants279 than melodious280 birds,
Or harmless flocks, is hazardous281 and bold.
Lamented282 change! to which full many a cause
Inveterate284, hopeless of a cure, conspires285.
The course of human things from good to ill,
From ill to worse, is fatal, never fails.
Increase of power begets286 increase of wealth;
Wealth luxury, and luxury excess;
Excess, the scrofulous and itchy plague
That seizes first the opulent, descends287
To the next rank contagious288, and in time
Taints289 downward all the graduated scale
Of order, from the chariot to the plough.
The rich, and they that have an arm to check
The licence of the lowest in degree,
Desert their office; and themselves, intent
On pleasure, haunt the capital, and thus
To all the violence of lawless hands
Resign the scenes their presence might protect.
Authority itself not seldom sleeps,
Though resident, and witness of the wrong.
The plump convivial290 parson often bears
The magisterial291 sword in vain, and lays
His reverence292 and his worship both to rest
On the same cushion of habitual294 sloth.
Perhaps timidity restrains his arm,
When he should strike he trembles, and sets free,
Himself enslaved by terror of the band,
The audacious convict whom he dares not bind295.
Perhaps, though by profession ghostly pure,
He, too, may have his vice296, and sometimes prove
Less dainty than becomes his grave outside
In lucrative297 concerns. Examine well
His milk-white hand. The palm is hardly clean—
But here and there an ugly smutch appears.
Foh! ’twas a bribe298 that left it. He has touched
Corruption299. Whoso seeks an audit300 here
Propitious, pays his tribute, game or fish,
Wildfowl or venison, and his errand speeds.
But faster far and more than all the rest
A noble cause, which none who bears a spark
Of public virtue ever wished removed,
Works the deplored301 and mischievous302 effect.
’Tis universal soldiership has stabbed
The heart of merit in the meaner class.
Arms, through the vanity and brainless rage
Of those that bear them, in whatever cause,
Seem most at variance303 with all moral good,
And incompatible304 with serious thought.
The clown, the child of nature, without guile88,
Blest with an infant’s ignorance of all
But his own simple pleasures, now and then
A wrestling match, a foot-race, or a fair,
Is balloted305, and trembles at the news.
Sheepish he doffs306 his hat, and mumbling307 swears
A Bible-oath to be whate’er they please,
To do he knows not what. The task performed,
That instant he becomes the serjeant’s care,
His pupil, and his torment308, and his jest;
His awkward gait, his introverted toes,
Bent309 knees, round shoulders, and dejected looks,
Procure310 him many a curse. By slow degrees,
Unapt to learn and formed of stubborn stuff,
He yet by slow degrees puts off himself,
Grows conscious of a change, and likes it well.
He stands erect311, his slouch becomes a walk,
He steps right onward312, martial313 in his air,
His form and movement; is as smart above
As meal and larded locks can make him: wears
His hat or his plumed helmet with a grace,
And, his three years of heroship expired,
Returns indignant to the slighted plough.
He hates the field in which no fife or drum
Attends him, drives his cattle to a march,
And sighs for the smart comrades he has left.
’Twere well if his exterior314 change were all—
But with his clumsy port the wretch has lost
His ignorance and harmless manners too.
To swear, to game, to drink, to show at home
By lewdness315, idleness, and Sabbath-breach,
The great proficiency316 he made abroad,
To astonish and to grieve his gazing friends,
To break some maiden’s and his mother’s heart,
To be a pest where he was useful once,
Are his sole aim, and all his glory now!
Man in society is like a flower
Blown in its native bed. ’Tis there alone
His faculties317 expanded in full bloom
Shine out, there only reach their proper use.
But man associated and leagued with man
By regal warrant, or self-joined by bond
For interest sake, or swarming318 into clans319
Beneath one head for purposes of war,
Like flowers selected from the rest, and bound
And bundled close to fill some crowded vase,
Fades rapidly, and by compression marred320
Contracts defilement321 not to be endured.
Hence chartered boroughs322 are such public plagues,
And burghers, men immaculate perhaps
In all their private functions, once combined,
Become a loathsome323 body, only fit
For dissolution, hurtful to the main.
Hence merchants, unimpeachable324 of sin
Against the charities of domestic life,
Incorporated, seem at once to lose
Their nature, and, disclaiming325 all regard
For mercy and the common rights of man,
Build factories with blood, conducting trade
At the sword’s point, and dyeing the white robe
Of innocent commercial justice red.
Hence too the field of glory, as the world
Misdeems it, dazzled by its bright array,
With all the majesty326 of thundering pomp,
Enchanting327 music and immortal328 wreaths,
Is but a school where thoughtlessness is taught
On principle, where foppery atones329
For folly330, gallantry for every vice.
But slighted as it is, and by the great
Abandoned, and, which still I more regret,
Infected with the manners and the modes
It knew not once, the country wins me still.
I never framed a wish or formed a plan
That flattered me with hopes of earthly bliss331,
But there I laid the scene. There early strayed
My fancy, ere yet liberty of choice
Had found me, or the hope of being free.
My very dreams were rural, rural too
The first-born efforts of my youthful muse47,
Sportive, and jingling332 her poetic bells
Ere yet her ear was mistress of their powers.
No bard could please me but whose lyre was tuned333
To Nature’s praises. Heroes and their feats334
Fatigued335 me, never weary of the pipe
Of Tityrus, assembling as he sang
The rustic336 throng beneath his favourite beech337.
Then Milton had indeed a poet’s charms:
New to my taste, his Paradise surpassed
The struggling efforts of my boyish tongue
To speak its excellence338; I danced for joy.
I marvelled339 much that, at so ripe an age
As twice seven years, his beauties had then first
Engaged my wonder, and admiring still,
And still admiring, with regret supposed
The joy half lost because not sooner found.
Thee, too, enamoured of the life I loved,
Pathetic in its praise, in its pursuit
Determined340, and possessing it at last
With transports such as favoured lovers feel,
I studied, prized, and wished that I had known,
Ingenious Cowley: and though now, reclaimed
By modern lights from an erroneous taste,
I cannot but lament283 thy splendid wit
Entangled341 in the cobwebs of the schools.
I still revere293 thee, courtly though retired342,
Though stretched at ease in Chertsey’s silent bowers343,
Not unemployed344, and finding rich amends345
For a lost world in solitude346 and verse.
’Tis born with all. The love of Nature’s works
Is an ingredient in the compound, man,
Infused at the creation of the kind.
And though the Almighty347 Maker348 has throughout
Discriminated349 each from each, by strokes
And touches of His hand, with so much art
Diversified350, that two were never found
Twins at all points—yet this obtains in all,
That all discern a beauty in His works,
And all can taste them: minds that have been formed
And tutored, with a relish351 more exact,
But none without some relish, none unmoved.
It is a flame that dies not even there,
Where nothing feeds it. Neither business, crowds,
Nor habits of luxurious352 city life,
Whatever else they smother353 of true worth
In human bosoms354, quench227 it or abate355.
The villas356, with which London stands begirt
Like a swarth Indian with his belt of beads357,
Prove it. A breath of unadulterate air,
The glimpse of a green pasture, how they cheer
The citizen, and brace358 his languid frame!
Even in the stifling359 bosom of the town,
A garden in which nothing thrives, has charms
That soothe the rich possessor; much consoled
That here and there some sprigs of mournful mint,
Of nightshade, or valerian, grace the well
He cultivates. These serve him with a hint
That Nature lives; that sight-refreshing green
Is still the livery she delights to wear,
Though sickly samples of the exuberant360 whole.
What are the casements361 lined with creeping herbs,
The prouder sashes fronted with a range
Of orange, myrtle, or the fragrant362 weed,
The Frenchman’s darling? are they not all proofs
That man, immured363 in cities, still retains
His inborn364 inextinguishable thirst
Of rural scenes, compensating his loss
By supplemental shifts, the best he may?
The most unfurnished with the means of life,
And they that never pass their brick-wall bounds
To range the fields, and treat their lungs with air,
Yet feel the burning instinct: over-head
Suspend their crazy boxes planted thick
And watered duly. There the pitcher365 stands
A fragment, and the spoutless366 tea-pot there;
Sad witnesses how close-pent man regrets
The country, with what ardour he contrives367
A peep at nature, when he can no more.
Hail, therefore, patroness of health and ease
And contemplation, heart-consoling joys
And harmless pleasures, in the thronged368 abode369
Of multitudes unknown, hail rural life!
Address himself who will to the pursuit
Of honours, or emolument370, or fame,
I shall not add myself to such a chase,
Thwart371 his attempts, or envy his success.
Some must be great. Great offices will have
Great talents. And God gives to every man
The virtue, temper, understanding, taste,
That lifts him into life, and lets him fall
Just in the niche372 he was ordained373 to fill.
To the deliverer of an injured land
He gives a tongue to enlarge upon, a heart
To feel, and courage to redress374 her wrongs;
To monarchs375 dignity, to judges sense;
To artists ingenuity376 and skill;
To me an unambitious mind, content
In the low vale of life, that early felt
A wish for ease and leisure, and ere long
Found here that leisure and that ease I wished.
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收听单词发音
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1
ridge
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| n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭 | |
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herald
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| vt.预示...的来临，预告，宣布，欢迎 | |
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strapped
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| adj.用皮带捆住的，用皮带装饰的；身无分文的；缺钱；手头紧v.用皮带捆扎(strap的过去式和过去分词)；用皮带抽打；包扎；给…打绷带 | |
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lumbering
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| n.采伐林木 | |
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destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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wretch
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| n.可怜的人，不幸的人；卑鄙的人 | |
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7
trickled
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| v.滴( trickle的过去式和过去分词 )；淌；使)慢慢走；缓慢移动 | |
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8
quill
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| n.羽毛管；v.给（织物或衣服）作皱褶 | |
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9
amorous
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| adj.多情的；有关爱情的 | |
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ushered
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| v.引，领，陪同( usher的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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opium
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| n.鸦片；adj.鸦片的 | |
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rugged
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| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
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13
murmurs
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| n.低沉、连续而不清的声音( murmur的名词复数 )；低语声；怨言；嘀咕 | |
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14
murmur
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| n.低语，低声的怨言；v.低语，低声而言 | |
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15
plumed
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| 饰有羽毛的 | |
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16
harangue
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| n.慷慨冗长的训话，言辞激烈的讲话 | |
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17
tart
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| adj.酸的；尖酸的，刻薄的；n.果馅饼；淫妇 | |
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18
logic
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| n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性 | |
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19
urn
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| n.（有座脚的）瓮；坟墓；骨灰瓮 | |
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20
imprisoned
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| 下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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21
wranglers
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| n.争执人( wrangler的名词复数 )；在争吵的人；（尤指放马的）牧人；牛仔 | |
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22
utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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23
shutter
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| n.百叶窗；(照相机)快门；关闭装置 | |
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24
shutters
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| 百叶窗( shutter的名词复数 )； （照相机的）快门 | |
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25
inebriate
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| v.使醉 | |
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26
ranting
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| v.夸夸其谈( rant的现在分词 )；大叫大嚷地以…说教；气愤地)大叫大嚷；不停地大声抱怨 | |
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27
throb
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| v.震颤，颤动；(急速强烈地)跳动，搏动 | |
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28
thumps
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| n.猪肺病；砰的重击声( thump的名词复数 )v.重击， （指心脏）急速跳动( thump的第三人称单数 ) | |
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29
patriots
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| 爱国者，爱国主义者( patriot的名词复数 ) | |
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30
tranquillity
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| n. 平静, 安静 | |
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31
criticise
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| v.批评，评论；非难 | |
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32
inquisitive
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| adj.求知欲强的，好奇的，好寻根究底的 | |
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33
eloquent
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| adj.雄辩的，口才流利的；明白显示出的 | |
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34
fluctuations
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| 波动，涨落，起伏( fluctuation的名词复数 ) | |
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35
tempts
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| v.引诱或怂恿（某人）干不正当的事( tempt的第三人称单数 )；使想要 | |
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36
tempt
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| vt.引诱，勾引，吸引，引起…的兴趣 | |
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37
ascends
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的第三人称单数 ) | |
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38
ascend
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| vi.渐渐上升，升高；vt.攀登，登上 | |
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39
eloquence
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| n.雄辩；口才，修辞 | |
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40
meanders
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| 曲径( meander的名词复数 )； 迂回曲折的旅程 | |
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41
engross
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| v.使全神贯注 | |
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42
propitious
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| adj.吉利的；顺利的 | |
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43
dearth
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| n.缺乏，粮食不足，饥谨 | |
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44
foretells
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| v.预言，预示( foretell的第三人称单数 ) | |
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45
cataracts
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| n.大瀑布( cataract的名词复数 )；白内障 | |
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declamation
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| n. 雄辩，高调 | |
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47
muse
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| n.缪斯（希腊神话中的女神），创作灵感 | |
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48
descants
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| n.多声部音乐中的上方声部( descant的名词复数 ) | |
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49
woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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50
woes
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| 困境( woe的名词复数 )； 悲伤； 我好苦哇； 某人就要倒霉 | |
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51
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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52
plunder
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| vt.劫掠财物，掠夺；n.劫掠物，赃物；劫掠 | |
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53
plundered
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| 掠夺，抢劫( plunder的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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54
liberates
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| 解放，释放( liberate的第三人称单数 ) | |
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55
exempt
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| adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者 | |
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exempts
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| 使免除[豁免]( exempt的第三人称单数 ) | |
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57
behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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58
tumult
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| n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹 | |
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59
avarice
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| n.贪婪；贪心 | |
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60
brazen
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| adj.厚脸皮的，无耻的，坚硬的 | |
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expatiates
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| v.详述，细说( expatiate的第三人称单数 ) | |
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62
gleans
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| v.一点点地收集（资料、事实）( glean的第三人称单数 )；（收割后）拾穗 | |
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63
inverted
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| adj.反向的，倒转的v.使倒置，使反转( invert的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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64
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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congealed
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| v.使凝结，冻结( congeal的过去式和过去分词 )；（指血）凝结 | |
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66
dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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67
rosy
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| adj.美好的，乐观的，玫瑰色的 | |
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68
kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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69
compensating
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| 补偿，补助，修正 | |
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70
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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71
gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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72
dispersed
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| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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enjoyments
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| 愉快( enjoyment的名词复数 )； 令人愉快的事物； 享有； 享受 | |
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retirement
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| n.退休，退职 | |
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75
rattling
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| adj. 格格作响的, 活泼的, 很好的 adv. 极其, 很, 非常 动词rattle的现在分词 | |
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proficients
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| 精通的，熟练的( proficient的名词复数 ) | |
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77
stationary
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| adj.固定的，静止不动的 | |
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78
knell
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| n.丧钟声；v.敲丧钟 | |
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79
plies
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| v.使用（工具）( ply的第三人称单数 )；经常供应（食物、饮料）；固定往来；经营生意 | |
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80
wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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81
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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82
gracefully
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| ad.大大方方地；优美地 | |
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83
vocal
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| adj.直言不讳的；嗓音的；n.[pl.]声乐节目 | |
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84
sprightly
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| adj.愉快的，活泼的 | |
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85
strife
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| n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争 | |
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86
triumphant
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| adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的 | |
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87
beguile
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| vt.欺骗，消遣 | |
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88
guile
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| n.诈术 | |
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89
rites
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| 仪式，典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
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humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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91
discourse
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| n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述 | |
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proscribes
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| v.正式宣布（某事物）有危险或被禁止( proscribe的第三人称单数 ) | |
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93
frenzy
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| n.疯狂，狂热，极度的激动 | |
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94
gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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95
retrace
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| v.折回；追溯，探源 | |
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96
snare
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| n.陷阱，诱惑，圈套；（去除息肉或者肿瘤的）勒除器；响弦，小军鼓；vt.以陷阱捕获，诱惑 | |
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97
foe
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| n.敌人，仇敌 | |
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98
omnipotent
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| adj.全能的，万能的 | |
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99
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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100
bard
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| n.吟游诗人 | |
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101
coveted
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| adj.令人垂涎的；垂涎的，梦寐以求的v.贪求，觊觎(covet的过去分词)；垂涎；贪图 | |
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102
hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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103
garb
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| n.服装，装束 | |
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104
tragic
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| adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的 | |
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105
throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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106
thaw
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| v.（使）融化，（使）变得友善；n.融化，缓和 | |
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107
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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108
superfluous
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| adj.过多的，过剩的，多余的 | |
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109
contrived
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| adj.不自然的，做作的；虚构的 | |
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110
pinions
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| v.抓住[捆住]（双臂）( pinion的第三人称单数 ) | |
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111
plumes
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| 羽毛( plume的名词复数 )； 羽毛饰； 羽毛状物； 升上空中的羽状物 | |
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112
azure
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| adj.天蓝色的，蔚蓝色的 | |
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113
emblem
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| n.象征，标志；徽章 | |
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114
scythe
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| n. 长柄的大镰刀，战车镰； v. 以大镰刀割 | |
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115
truce
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| n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束 | |
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116
censure
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| v./n.责备；非难；责难 | |
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117
mouldering
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| v.腐朽( moulder的现在分词 )；腐烂，崩塌 | |
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118
sweeping
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| adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的 | |
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119
repose
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| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
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120
sumptuously
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| 奢侈地，豪华地 | |
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121
adorned
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| [计]被修饰的 | |
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122
gems
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| growth； economy； management； and customer satisfaction 增长 | |
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123
grandeur
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| n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华 | |
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124
votary
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| n.崇拜者；爱好者；adj.誓约的，立誓任圣职的 | |
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125
toil
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| vi.辛劳工作，艰难地行动；n.苦工，难事 | |
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126
crest
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| n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖 | |
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127
hearth
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| n.壁炉炉床，壁炉地面 | |
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128
uncouthly
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129
lame
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| adj.跛的，(辩解、论据等)无说服力的 | |
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130
twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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131
mercurial
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| adj.善变的，活泼的 | |
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132
stupor
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| v.昏迷；不省人事 | |
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133
soothe
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| v.安慰；使平静；使减轻；缓和；奉承 | |
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134
soothed
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| v.安慰( soothe的过去式和过去分词 )；抚慰；使舒服；减轻痛苦 | |
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135
cinders
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| n.煤渣( cinder的名词复数 )；炭渣；煤渣路；煤渣跑道 | |
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136
quiescent
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| adj.静止的，不活动的，寂静的 | |
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137
pendulous
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| adj.下垂的；摆动的 | |
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138
superstition
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| n.迷信，迷信行为 | |
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139
prophesying
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| v.预告，预言( prophesy的现在分词 ) | |
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140
vacuity
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| n.(想象力等)贫乏，无聊，空白 | |
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141
conceals
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，遮住( conceal的第三人称单数 ) | |
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142
lethargic
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| adj.昏睡的，懒洋洋的 | |
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143
recollected
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| adj.冷静的；镇定的；被回忆起的；沉思默想的v.记起，想起( recollect的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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144
brittle
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| adj.易碎的；脆弱的；冷淡的；(声音)尖利的 | |
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145
recess
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| n.短期休息，壁凹（墙上装架子，柜子等凹处） | |
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146
variegated
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| adj.斑驳的，杂色的 | |
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147
mellow
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| adj.柔和的；熟透的；v.变柔和；(使)成熟 | |
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148
groves
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| 树丛，小树林( grove的名词复数 ) | |
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149
sable
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| n.黑貂；adj.黑色的 | |
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150
hue
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| n.色度；色调；样子 | |
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151
flakes
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| 小薄片( flake的名词复数 )； （尤指）碎片； 雪花； 古怪的人 | |
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152
descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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153
lapse
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| n.过失，流逝，失效，抛弃信仰，间隔；vi.堕落，停止，失效，流逝；vt.使失效 | |
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154
mantle
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| n.斗篷，覆罩之物，罩子；v.罩住，覆盖，脸红 | |
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155
thorny
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| adj.多刺的，棘手的 | |
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156
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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157
ponderous
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| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
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158
reeking
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| v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的现在分词 )；散发臭气；发出难闻的气味 (of sth)；明显带有（令人不快或生疑的跡象） | |
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159
impeded
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| 阻碍，妨碍，阻止( impede的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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160
congregating
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| （使）集合，聚集( congregate的现在分词 ) | |
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161
clogged
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| （使）阻碍( clog的过去式和过去分词 )； 淤滞 | |
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162
sluggish
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| adj.懒惰的，迟钝的，无精打采的 | |
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163
toiling
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| 长时间或辛苦地工作( toil的现在分词 )； 艰难缓慢地移动，跋涉 | |
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164
nostril
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| n.鼻孔 | |
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165
respiration
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| n.呼吸作用；一次呼吸；植物光合作用 | |
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166
consolidated
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| a.联合的 | |
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167
jutting
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| v.（使）突出( jut的现在分词 )；伸出；（从…）突出；高出 | |
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168
pelting
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| 微不足道的，无价值的，盛怒的 | |
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169
tempestuous
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| adj.狂暴的 | |
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170
puckered
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| v.（使某物）起褶子或皱纹( pucker的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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171
plods
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| v.沉重缓慢地走（路）( plod的第三人称单数 )；努力从事；沉闷地苦干；缓慢进行（尤指艰难枯燥的工作） | |
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172
brandishes
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| v.挥舞( brandish的第三人称单数 )；炫耀 | |
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173
pliant
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| adj.顺从的；可弯曲的 | |
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174
resounding
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| adj. 响亮的 | |
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175
refinement
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| n.文雅；高尚；精美；精制；精炼 | |
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176
endued
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| v.授予，赋予（特性、才能等）( endue的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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177
robust
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| adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的 | |
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178
hardy
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| adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的 | |
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179
wholesome
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| adj.适合；卫生的；有益健康的；显示身心健康的 | |
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180
waggon
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| n.运货马车，运货车；敞篷车箱 | |
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181
humane
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| adj.人道的，富有同情心的 | |
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182
industrious
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| adj.勤劳的，刻苦的，奋发的 | |
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183
compassion
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| n.同情，怜悯 | |
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184
frugal
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| adj.节俭的，节约的，少量的，微量的 | |
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185
scanty
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| adj.缺乏的，仅有的，节省的，狭小的，不够的 | |
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186
cowering
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| v.畏缩，抖缩( cower的现在分词 ) | |
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187
inured
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| adj.坚强的，习惯的 | |
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188
veins
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| n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理 | |
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189
distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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190
taper
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| n.小蜡烛，尖细，渐弱；adj.尖细的；v.逐渐变小 | |
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191
dangled
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| 悬吊着( dangle的过去式和过去分词 )； 摆动不定； 用某事物诱惑…； 吊胃口 | |
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192
lodged
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| v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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193
costlier
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| adj.昂贵的( costly的比较级 )；代价高的；引起困难的；造成损失的 | |
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194
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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195
penury
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| n.贫穷，拮据 | |
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196
colloquial
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| adj.口语的，会话的 | |
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197
thrift
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| adj.节约，节俭；n.节俭，节约 | |
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198
parsimony
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| n.过度节俭，吝啬 | |
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199
inventory
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| n.详细目录，存货清单 | |
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200
extorted
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| v.敲诈( extort的过去式和过去分词 )；曲解 | |
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201
grudging
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| adj.勉强的，吝啬的 | |
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202
mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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203
meek
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| adj.温顺的，逆来顺受的 | |
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204
insolent
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| adj.傲慢的，无理的 | |
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205
knaves
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| n.恶棍，无赖( knave的名词复数 )；（纸牌中的）杰克 | |
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206
clamorous
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| adj.吵闹的，喧哗的 | |
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207
importunity
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| n.硬要，强求 | |
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208
suppliants
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| n.恳求者，哀求者( suppliant的名词复数 ) | |
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209
tattered
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| adj.破旧的，衣衫破的 | |
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210
filth
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| n.肮脏，污物，污秽；淫猥 | |
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211
progeny
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| n.后代，子孙；结果 | |
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212
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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213
virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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214
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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215
solicitous
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| adj.热切的，挂念的 | |
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216
compensate
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| vt.补偿，赔偿；酬报 vi.弥补；补偿；抵消 | |
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217
sloth
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| n.[动]树懒；懒惰，懒散 | |
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218
neatly
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| adv.整洁地，干净地，灵巧地，熟练地 | |
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219
laden
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| adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的 | |
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220
twitched
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| vt.& vi.（使）抽动，（使）颤动（twitch的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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221
perch
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| n.栖木，高位，杆；v.栖息，就位，位于 | |
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222
voracious
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| adj.狼吞虎咽的，贪婪的 | |
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223
warp
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| vt.弄歪，使翘曲，使不正常，歪曲，使有偏见 | |
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224
destitute
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| adj.缺乏的；穷困的 | |
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225
scruple
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| n./v.顾忌，迟疑 | |
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226
quenchless
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| 不可熄灭的 | |
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227
quench
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| vt.熄灭，扑灭；压制 | |
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228
noose
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| n.绳套，绞索（刑）；v.用套索捉；使落入圈套；处以绞刑 | |
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229
persecutes
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| （尤指宗教或政治信仰的）迫害(~sb. for sth.)( persecute的第三人称单数 )； 烦扰，困扰或骚扰某人 | |
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230
debauch
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| v.使堕落，放纵 | |
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231
licensed
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| adj.得到许可的v.许可，颁发执照(license的过去式和过去分词) | |
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232
fume
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| n.(usu pl.)(浓烈或难闻的)烟，气，汽 | |
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233
guzzling
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| v.狂吃暴饮，大吃大喝( guzzle的现在分词 ) | |
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234
boor
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| n.举止粗野的人；乡下佬 | |
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235
lackey
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| n.侍从；跟班 | |
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236
groom
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| vt.给（马、狗等）梳毛，照料，使...整洁 | |
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237
craftsman
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| n.技工，精于一门工艺的匠人 | |
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238
shears
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| n.大剪刀 | |
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239
dough
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| n.生面团；钱，现款 | |
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240
fiddle
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| n.小提琴；vi.拉提琴；不停拨弄，乱动 | |
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241
plaintive
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| adj.可怜的，伤心的 | |
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242
wailed
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| v.哭叫，哀号( wail的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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243
discord
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| n.不和，意见不合，争论，（音乐）不和谐 | |
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244
poise
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| vt./vi. 平衡，保持平衡；n.泰然自若，自信 | |
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245
dire
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| adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的 | |
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246
ornamental
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| adj.装饰的；作装饰用的；n.装饰品；观赏植物 | |
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247
rhetoric
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| n.修辞学，浮夸之言语 | |
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248
plebeian
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| adj.粗俗的；平民的；n.平民；庶民 | |
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249
initiated
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| n. 创始人 adj. 新加入的 vt. 开始，创始，启蒙，介绍加入 | |
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250
competence
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| n.能力，胜任，称职 | |
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251
indigence
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| n.贫穷 | |
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252
encumbered
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| v.妨碍，阻碍，拖累( encumber的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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253
stinks
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| v.散发出恶臭( stink的第三人称单数 )；发臭味；名声臭；糟透 | |
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254
excise
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| n.(国产)货物税；vt.切除，删去 | |
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255
fattened
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| v.喂肥( fatten的过去式和过去分词 )；养肥（牲畜）；使（钱）增多；使（公司）升值 | |
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256
dribbling
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| n.（燃料或油从系统内）漏泄v.流口水( dribble的现在分词 )；（使液体）滴下或作细流；运球，带球 | |
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257
poetic
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| adj.富有诗意的，有诗人气质的，善于抒情的 | |
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258
innocence
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| n.无罪；天真；无害 | |
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259
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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260
effaced
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| v.擦掉( efface的过去式和过去分词 )；抹去；超越；使黯然失色 | |
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261
profane
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| adj.亵神的，亵渎的；vt.亵渎，玷污 | |
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262
profligate
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| adj.行为不检的；n.放荡的人，浪子，肆意挥霍者 | |
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263
prodigies
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| n.奇才，天才（尤指神童）( prodigy的名词复数 ) | |
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264
reclaimed
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| adj.再生的；翻造的；收复的；回收的v.开拓( reclaim的过去式和过去分词 )；要求收回；从废料中回收（有用的材料）；挽救 | |
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265
delirium
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| n. 神智昏迷,说胡话;极度兴奋 | |
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266
virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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267
modesty
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| n.谦逊，虚心，端庄，稳重，羞怯，朴素 | |
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268
attire
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| v.穿衣，装扮[同]array；n.衣着；盛装 | |
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269
dignified
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| a.可敬的，高贵的 | |
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270
ruffled
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| adj. 有褶饰边的, 起皱的 动词ruffle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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271
tottering
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| adj.蹒跚的，动摇的v.走得或动得不稳( totter的现在分词 )；踉跄；蹒跚；摇摇欲坠 | |
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272
propped
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| 支撑，支持，维持( prop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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273
dangling
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| 悬吊着( dangle的现在分词 )； 摆动不定； 用某事物诱惑…； 吊胃口 | |
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274
tinged
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| v.（使）发丁丁声( ting的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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275
slumbers
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| 睡眠，安眠( slumber的名词复数 ) | |
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276
shrill
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| adj.尖声的；刺耳的；v尖叫 | |
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277
trumpet
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| n.喇叭，喇叭声；v.吹喇叭，吹嘘 | |
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278
horrid
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| adj.可怕的；令人惊恐的；恐怖的；极讨厌的 | |
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279
tenants
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| n.房客( tenant的名词复数 )；佃户；占用者；占有者 | |
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280
melodious
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| adj.旋律美妙的，调子优美的，音乐性的 | |
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281
hazardous
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| adj.(有)危险的，冒险的；碰运气的 | |
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282
lamented
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| adj.被哀悼的，令人遗憾的v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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283
lament
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| n.悲叹，悔恨，恸哭；v.哀悼，悔恨，悲叹 | |
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284
inveterate
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| adj.积习已深的，根深蒂固的 | |
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285
conspires
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| 密谋( conspire的第三人称单数 )； 搞阴谋； （事件等）巧合； 共同导致 | |
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286
begets
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| v.为…之生父( beget的第三人称单数 )；产生，引起 | |
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287
descends
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| v.下来( descend的第三人称单数 )；下去；下降；下斜 | |
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288
contagious
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| adj.传染性的，有感染力的 | |
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289
taints
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| n.变质( taint的名词复数 )；污染；玷污；丑陋或腐败的迹象v.使变质( taint的第三人称单数 )；使污染；败坏；被污染，腐坏，败坏 | |
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290
convivial
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| adj.狂欢的，欢乐的 | |
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291
magisterial
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| adj.威风的，有权威的；adv.威严地 | |
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292
reverence
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| n.敬畏，尊敬，尊严；Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称；v.尊敬，敬畏，崇敬 | |
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293
revere
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| vt.尊崇，崇敬，敬畏 | |
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294
habitual
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| adj.习惯性的；通常的，惯常的 | |
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295
bind
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| vt.捆，包扎；装订；约束；使凝固；vi.变硬 | |
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296
vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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297
lucrative
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| adj.赚钱的，可获利的 | |
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298
bribe
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| n.贿赂；v.向…行贿，买通 | |
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299
corruption
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| n.腐败，堕落，贪污 | |
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300
audit
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| v.审计；查帐；核对；旁听 | |
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301
deplored
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| v.悲叹，痛惜，强烈反对( deplore的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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302
mischievous
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| adj.调皮的，恶作剧的，有害的，伤人的 | |
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303
variance
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| n.矛盾，不同 | |
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304
incompatible
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| adj.不相容的，不协调的，不相配的 | |
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305
balloted
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| v.（使）投票表决( ballot的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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306
doffs
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| v.脱去，（尤指）脱帽( doff的第三人称单数 ) | |
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307
mumbling
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| 含糊地说某事，叽咕，咕哝( mumble的现在分词 ) | |
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308
torment
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| n.折磨；令人痛苦的东西(人)；vt.折磨；纠缠 | |
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309
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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310
procure
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| vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条 | |
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311
erect
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| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
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312
onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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313
martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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314
exterior
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| adj.外部的，外在的；表面的 | |
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315
lewdness
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| n. 淫荡, 邪恶 | |
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316
proficiency
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| n.精通，熟练，精练 | |
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317
faculties
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| n.能力( faculty的名词复数 )；全体教职员；技巧；院 | |
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318
swarming
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| 密集( swarm的现在分词 )； 云集； 成群地移动； 蜜蜂或其他飞行昆虫成群地飞来飞去 | |
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319
clans
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| 宗族( clan的名词复数 )； 氏族； 庞大的家族； 宗派 | |
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320
marred
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| adj. 被损毁, 污损的 | |
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321
defilement
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| n.弄脏，污辱，污秽 | |
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322
boroughs
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| （尤指大伦敦的）行政区( borough的名词复数 )； 议会中有代表的市镇 | |
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323
loathsome
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| adj.讨厌的，令人厌恶的 | |
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324
unimpeachable
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| adj.无可指责的；adv.无可怀疑地 | |
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325
disclaiming
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| v.否认( disclaim的现在分词 ) | |
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326
majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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327
enchanting
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| a.讨人喜欢的 | |
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328
immortal
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| adj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的 | |
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329
atones
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| v.补偿，赎（罪）( atone的第三人称单数 )；补偿，弥补，赎回 | |
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330
folly
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| n.愚笨，愚蠢，蠢事，蠢行，傻话 | |
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331
bliss
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| n.狂喜，福佑，天赐的福 | |
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332
jingling
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| 叮当声 | |
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333
tuned
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| adj.调谐的，已调谐的v.调音( tune的过去式和过去分词 )；调整；（给收音机、电视等）调谐；使协调 | |
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334
feats
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| 功绩，伟业，技艺( feat的名词复数 ) | |
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335
fatigued
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| adj. 疲乏的 | |
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336
rustic
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| adj.乡村的，有乡村特色的；n.乡下人，乡巴佬 | |
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337
beech
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| n.山毛榉；adj.山毛榉的 | |
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338
excellence
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| n.优秀，杰出，(pl.)优点，美德 | |
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339
marvelled
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| v.惊奇，对…感到惊奇( marvel的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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340
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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341
entangled
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| adj.卷入的；陷入的；被缠住的；缠在一起的v.使某人（某物/自己）缠绕，纠缠于（某物中），使某人（自己）陷入（困难或复杂的环境中）( entangle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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342
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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343
bowers
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| n.（女子的）卧室( bower的名词复数 )；船首锚；阴凉处；鞠躬的人 | |
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344
unemployed
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| adj.失业的，没有工作的；未动用的，闲置的 | |
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345
amends
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| n. 赔偿 | |
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346
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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347
almighty
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| adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的 | |
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348
maker
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| n.制造者，制造商 | |
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349
discriminated
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| 分别，辨别，区分( discriminate的过去式和过去分词 )； 歧视，有差别地对待 | |
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350
diversified
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| adj.多样化的，多种经营的v.使多样化，多样化( diversify的过去式和过去分词 )；进入新的商业领域 | |
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351
relish
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| n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味 | |
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352
luxurious
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| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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353
smother
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| vt./vi.使窒息；抑制；闷死；n.浓烟；窒息 | |
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354
bosoms
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| 胸部( bosom的名词复数 )； 胸怀； 女衣胸部（或胸襟）； 和爱护自己的人在一起的情形 | |
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355
abate
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| vi.(风势，疼痛等)减弱，减轻，减退 | |
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356
villas
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| 别墅，公馆( villa的名词复数 )； （城郊）住宅 | |
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357
beads
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| n.（空心）小珠子( bead的名词复数 )；水珠；珠子项链 | |
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358
brace
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| n. 支柱,曲柄,大括号; v. 绷紧,顶住,(为困难或坏事)做准备 | |
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359
stifling
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| a.令人窒息的 | |
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360
exuberant
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| adj.充满活力的；（植物）繁茂的 | |
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361
casements
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| n.窗扉( casement的名词复数 ) | |
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362
fragrant
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| adj.芬香的，馥郁的，愉快的 | |
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363
immured
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| v.禁闭，监禁( immure的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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364
inborn
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| adj.天生的，生来的，先天的 | |
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365
pitcher
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| n.(有嘴和柄的)大水罐；(棒球)投手 | |
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366
spoutless
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| adj.无喷口的 | |
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367
contrives
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| （不顾困难地）促成某事( contrive的第三人称单数 )； 巧妙地策划，精巧地制造（如机器）； 设法做到 | |
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368
thronged
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| v.成群，挤满( throng的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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369
abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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370
emolument
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| n.报酬，薪水 | |
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371
thwart
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| v.阻挠，妨碍，反对；adj.横(断的) | |
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372
niche
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| n.壁龛；合适的职务(环境、位置等) | |
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373
ordained
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| v.任命（某人）为牧师( ordain的过去式和过去分词 )；授予（某人）圣职；（上帝、法律等）命令；判定 | |
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374
redress
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| n.赔偿，救济，矫正；v.纠正，匡正，革除 | |
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375
monarchs
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| 君主，帝王( monarch的名词复数 ) | |
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376
ingenuity
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| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
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