Moscow, Russia’s darling daughter,
Where thine equal shall we find?’
— Dmitrieff
Who can help loving mother Moscow?
— Baratynski (Feasts)
A journey to Moscow! To see the world!
Where better?
????Where man is not.
— Griboyedoff (Woe2 from Wit)
[Written 1827–1828 at Moscow, Mikhailovskoe, St. Petersburg and Malinniki.]
I
Impelled3 by Spring’s dissolving beams,
The snows from off the hills around
Descended5 swift in turbid6 streams
And flooded all the level ground.
A smile from slumbering7 nature clear
Did seem to greet the youthful year;
The heavens shone in deeper blue,
The woods, still naked to the view,
Seemed in a haze9 of green embowered.
The bee forth10 from his cell of wax
Flew to collect his rural tax;
The valleys dried and gaily11 flowered;
Herds12 low, and under night’s dark veil
Already sings the nightingale.
II
Mournful is thine approach to me,
O Spring, thou chosen time of love!
What agitation14 languidly
My spirit and my blood doth move,
What sad emotions o’er me steal
When first upon my cheek I feel
The breath of Spring again renewed,
Secure in rural quietude —
Or, strange to me is happiness?
Do all things which to mirth incline.
And make a dark existence shine
Inflict16 annoyance17 and distress18
Upon a soul inert19 and cloyed20? —
And is all light within destroyed?
III
Or, heedless of the leaves’ return
Which Autumn late to earth consigned21,
Do we alone our losses mourn
Of which the rustling23 woods remind?
Or, when anew all Nature teems24,
Do we foresee in troubled dreams
The coming of life’s Autumn drear.
For which no springtime shall appear?
Or, it may be, we inly seek,
Wafted25 upon poetic26 wing,
Some other long-departed Spring,
Whose memories make the heart beat quick
With thoughts of a far distant land,
Of a strange night when the moon and —
IV
’Tis now the season! Idlers all,
Epicurean philosophers,
Ye men of fashion cynical28,
Of Levshin’s school ye followers,67
Priams of country populations
And dames30 of fine organisations,
Spring summons you to her green bowers31,
’Tis the warm time of labour, flowers;
The time for mystic strolls which late
Into the starry32 night extend.
Quick to the country let us wend
In vehicles surcharged with freight;
In coach or post-cart duly placed
Beyond the city-barriers haste.
67 Levshin — a contemporary writer on political economy.
V
Thou also, reader generous,
The chaise long ordered please employ,
Abandon cities riotous33,
Which in the winter were a joy:
The Muse34 capricious let us coax35,
Go hear the rustling of the oaks
Beside a nameless rivulet36,
Where in the country Eugene yet,
An idle anchorite and sad,
A while ago the winter spent,
Near young Tattiana resident,
My pretty self-deceiving maid —
No more the village knows his face,
For there he left a mournful trace.
VI
Let us proceed unto a rill,
Which in a hilly neighbourhood
Seeks, winding37 amid meadows still,
The river through the linden wood.
The nightingale there all night long,
Spring’s paramour, pours forth her song
The fountain brawls39, sweetbriers bloom,
And lo! where lies a marble tomb
And two old pines their branches spread —
“Vladimir Lenski lies beneath,
Who early died a gallant40 death,”
Thereon the passing traveller read:
“The date, his fleeting42 years how long —
Repose43 in peace, thou child of song.”
VII
Time was, the breath of early dawn
Would agitate44 a mystic wreath
Hung on a pine branch earthward drawn45
Above the humble46 urn1 of death.
Time was, two maidens47 from their home
At eventide would hither come,
And, by the light the moonbeams gave,
Lament49, embrace upon that grave.
But now — none heeds50 the monument
Of woe: effaced51 the pathway now:
There is no wreath upon the bough52:
Alone beside it, gray and bent53,
As formerly54 the shepherd sits
And his poor basten sandal knits.
VIII
My poor Vladimir, bitter tears
Thee but a little space bewept,
Faithless, alas55! thy maid appears,
Nor true unto her sorrow kept.
Another could her heart engage,
Another could her woe assuage56
By flattery and lover’s art —
A lancer captivates her heart!
A lancer her soul dotes upon:
Before the altar, lo! the pair,
Mark ye with what a modest air
She bows her head beneath the crown;68
Behold57 her downcast eyes which glow,
Her lips where light smiles come and go!
68 The crown used in celebrating marriages in Russia according to the forms of the Eastern Church. See Note 28.
IX
My poor Vladimir! In the tomb,
Passed into dull eternity58,
Was the sad poet filled with gloom,
Hearing the fatal perfidy59?
Or, beyond Lethe lulled60 to rest,
Hath the bard61, by indifference62 blest,
Callous63 to all on earth become —
Is the world to him sealed and dumb?
The same unmoved oblivion
On us beyond the grave attends,
The voice of lovers, foes64 and friends,
Dies suddenly: of heirs alone
Remains65 on earth the unseemly rage,
Whilst struggling for the heritage.
X
Soon Olga’s accents shrill66 resound67
No longer through her former home;
The lancer, to his calling bound,
Back to his regiment68 must roam.
The aged69 mother, bathed in tears,
Distracted by her grief appears
When the hour came to bid good-bye —
But my Tattiana’s eyes were dry.
Only her countenance70 assumed
A deadly pallor, air distressed72;
When all around the entrance pressed,
To say farewell, and fussed and fumed73
Around the carriage of the pair —
Tattiana gently led them there.
XI
And long her eyes as through a haze
After the wedded74 couple strain;
Alas! the friend of childish days
Away, Tattiana, hath been ta’en.
Thy dove, thy darling little pet
On whom a sister’s heart was set
Afar is borne by cruel fate,
For evermore is separate.
She wanders aimless as a sprite,
Into the tangled75 garden goes
But nowhere can she find repose,
Nor even tears afford respite76,
Of consolation77 all bereft78 —
Well nigh her heart in twain was cleft79.
XII
In cruel solitude80 each day
With flame more ardent81 passion burns,
And to Oneguine far away
Her heart importunately82 turns.
She never more his face may view,
For was it not her duty to
Detest83 him for a brother slain84?
The poet fell; already men
No more remembered him; unto
Another his betrothed85 was given;
The memory of the bard was driven
Like smoke athwart the heaven blue;
Two hearts perchance were desolate86
And mourned him still. Why mourn his fate?
XIII
’Twas eve. ’Twas dusk. The river speeds
In tranquil87 flow. The beetle88 hums.
Already dance to song proceeds;
The fisher’s fire afar illumes
The river’s bank. Tattiana lone22
Beneath the silver of the moon
Long time in meditation89 deep
Her path across the plain doth keep —
Proceeds, until she from a hill
Sees where a noble mansion90 stood,
A village and beneath, a wood,
A garden by a shining rill.
She gazed thereon, and instant beat
Her heart more loudly and more fleet.
XIV
She hesitates, in doubt is thrown —
“Shall I proceed, or homeward flee?
He is not there: I am not known:
The house and garden I would see.”
Tattiana from the hill descends91
With bated breath, around she bends
A countenance perplexed92 and scared.
She enters a deserted93 yard —
Yelping94, a pack of dogs rush out,
But at her shriek95 ran forth with noise
The household troop of little boys,
Who with a scuffle and a shout
The curs away to kennel96 chase,
The damsel under escort place.
XV
“Can I inspect the mansion, please?”
Tattiana asks, and hurriedly
Unto Anicia for the keys
The family of children hie.
Anicia soon appears, the door
Opens unto her visitor.
Into the lonely house she went,
Wherein a space Oneguine spent.
She gazed — a cue, forgotten long,
Doth on the billiard table rest,
Upon the tumbled sofa placed,
A riding whip. She strolls along.
The beldam saith: “The hearth97, by it
The master always used to sit.
XVI
“Departed Lenski here to dine
In winter time would often come.
Please follow this way, lady mine,
This is my master’s sitting-room98.
’Tis here he slept, his coffee took,
Into accounts would sometimes look,
A book at early morn perused99.
The room my former master used.
On Sundays by yon window he,
Spectacles upon nose, all day
Was wont100 with me at cards to play.
God save his soul eternally
And grant his weary bones their rest
Deep in our mother Earth’s chill breast!”
XVII
Tattiana’s eyes with tender gleam
On everything around her gaze,
Of priceless value all things seem
And in her languid bosom101 raise
A pleasure though with sorrow knit:
The table with its lamp unlit,
The pile of books, with carpet spread
Beneath the window-sill his bed,
The landscape which the moonbeams fret102,
The twilight103 pale which softens104 all,
Lord Byron’s portrait on the wall
And the cast-iron statuette
With folded arms and eyes bent low,
Cocked hat and melancholy105 brow.69
69 The Russians not unfrequently adorn106 their apartments with effigies107 of the great Napoleon.
XVIII
Long in this fashionable cell
Tattiana as enchanted108 stood;
But it grew late; cold blew the gale13;
Dark was the valley and the wood
slept o’er the river misty109 grown.
Behind the mountain sank the moon.
Long, long the hour had past when home
Our youthful wanderer should roam.
She hid the trouble of her breast,
Heaved an involuntary sigh
And turned to leave immediately,
But first permission did request
Thither110 in future to proceed
That certain volumes she might read.
XIX
Adieu she to the matron said
At the front gates, but in brief space
At early morn returns the maid
To the abandoned dwelling111-place.
When in the study’s calm retreat,
Wrapt in oblivion complete,
She found herself alone at last,
Longtime her tears flowed thick and fast;
But presently she tried to read;
At first for books was disinclined,
But soon their choice seemed to her mind
Remarkable112. She then indeed
Devoured113 them with an eager zest114.
A new world was made manifest!
XX
Although we know that Eugene had
Long ceased to be a reading man,
Still certain authors, I may add,
He had excepted from the ban:
The bard of Juan and the Giaour,
With it may be a couple more;
Romances three, in which ye scan
Portrayed115 contemporary man
As the reflection of his age,
His immorality116 of mind
To arid117 selfishness resigned,
A visionary personage
With his exasperated119 sense,
His energy and impotence.
XXI
And numerous pages had preserved
The sharp incisions120 of his nail,
And these the attentive121 maid observed
With eye precise and without fail.
Tattiana saw with trepidation122
By what idea or observation
Oneguine was the most impressed,
In what he merely acquiesced123.
Upon those margins124 she perceived
Oneguine’s pencillings. His mind
Made revelations undesigned,
Of what he thought and what believed,
A dagger125, asterisk126, or note
Interrogation to denote.
XXII
And my Tattiana now began
To understand by slow degrees
More clearly, God be praised, the man,
Whom autocratic fate’s decrees
Had bid her sigh for without hope —
A dangerous, gloomy misanthrope128,
Being from hell or heaven sent,
Angel or fiend malevolent129.
Which is he? or an imitation,
A bogy conjured130 up in joke,
A Russian in Childe Harold’s cloak,
Of foreign whims132 the impersonation —
Handbook of fashionable phrase
Or parody133 of modern ways?
XXIII
Hath she found out the riddle134 yet?
Hath she a fitting phrase selected?
But time flies and she doth forget
They long at home have her expected —
Whither two neighbouring dames have walked
And a long time about her talked.
“What can be done? She is no child!”
Cried the old dame29 with anguish135 filled:
“Olinka is her junior, see.
’Tis time to many her, ’tis true,
But tell me what am I to do?
To all she answers cruelly —
I will not wed15, and ever weeps
And lonely through the forest creeps.”
XXIV
“Is she in love?” quoth one. “With whom?
Bouyanoff courted. She refused.
Petoushkoff met the selfsame doom136.
The hussar Pikhtin was accused.
How the young imp4 on Tania doted!
To captivate her how devoted137!
I mused138: perhaps the matter’s squared —
O yes! my hopes soon disappeared.”
“But, matushka, to Moscow you70
Should go, the market for a maid,
With many a vacancy139, ’tis said.”—
“Alas! my friend, no revenue!”
“Enough to see one winter’s end;
If not, the money I will lend.”
70 “Matushka,” or “little mother,” a term of endearment140 in constant use amongst Russian females.
XXV
The venerable dame opined
The counsel good and full of reason,
Her money counted, and designed
To visit Moscow in the season.
Tattiana learns the intelligence —
Of her provincial141 innocence142
The unaffected traits she now
Unto a carping world must show —
Her toilette’s antiquated143 style,
Her antiquated mode of speech,
For Moscow fops and Circes each
To mark with a contemptuous smile.
Horror! had she not better stay
Deep in the greenwood far away?
XXVI
Arising with the morning’s light,
Unto the fields she makes her way,
And with emotional delight
Surveying them, she thus doth say:
“Ye peaceful valleys all, good-bye!
Ye well-known mountain summits high,
Ye groves145 whose depths I know so well,
Thou beauteous sky above, farewell!
Delicious nature, thee I fly,
The calm existence which I prize
I yield for splendid vanities,
Thou too farewell, my liberty!
Whither and wherefore do I speed
And what will Destiny concede?”
XXVII
Farther Tattiana’s walks extend —
’Tis now the hillock now the rill
Their natural attractions lend
To stay the maid against her will.
She the acquaintances she loves,
Her spacious146 fields and shady groves,
Another visit hastes to pay.
But Summer swiftly fades away
And golden Autumn draweth nigh,
And pallid147 nature trembling grieves,
A victim decked with golden leaves;
Dark clouds before the north wind fly;
It blew: it howled: till winter e’en
Came forth in all her magic sheen.
XXVIII
The snow descends and buries all,
Hangs heavy on the oaken boughs148,
A white and undulating pall71
O’er hillock and o’er meadow throws.
The channel of the river stilled
As if with eider-down is filled.
The hoar-frost glitters: all rejoice
In mother Winter’s strange caprice.
But Tania’s heart is not at ease,
Winter’s approach she doth not hail
Nor the frost particles inhale149
Nor the first snow of winter seize
Her shoulders, breast and face to lave —
Alarm the winter journey gave.
XXIX
The date was fixed150 though oft postponed151,
But ultimately doth approach.
Examined, mended, newly found
Was the old and forgotten coach;
Kibitkas three, the accustomed train,71
The household property contain:
Saucepans and mattresses152 and chairs,
Portmanteaus and preserves in jars,
Feather-beds, also poultry-coops,
Basins and jugs153 — well! everything
To happiness contributing.
Behold! beside their dwelling groups
Of serfs the farewell wail154 have given.
Nags155 eighteen to the door are driven.
71 In former times, and to some extent the practice still continues to the present day, Russian families were wont to travel with every necessary of life, and, in the case of the wealthy, all its luxuries following in their train. As the poet complains in a subsequent stanza156 there were no inns; and if the simple Larinas required such ample store of creature comforts the impediments accompanying a great noble on his journeys may be easily conceived.
XXX
These to the coach of state are bound,
Breakfast the busy cooks prepare,
Baggage is heaped up in a mound157,
Old women at the coachmen swear.
A bearded postillion astride
A lean and shaggy nag118 doth ride,
Unto the gates the servants fly
To bid the gentlefolk good-bye.
These take their seats; the coach of state
Leisurely158 through the gateway159 glides160.
“Adieu! thou home where peace abides161,
Where turmoil162 cannot penetrate163,
Shall I behold thee once again?”—
Tattiana tears cannot restrain.
XXXI
The limits of enlightenment
When to enlarge we shall succeed,
In course of time (the whole extent
Will not five centuries exceed
By computation) it is like
Our roads transformed the eye will strike;
Highways all Russia will unite
And form a network left and right;
On iron bridges we shall gaze
Which o’er the waters boldly leap,
Mountains we’ll level and through deep
Streams excavate164 subaqueous ways,
And Christian165 folk will, I expect,
An inn at every stage erect166.
XXXII
But now, what wretched roads one sees,
Our bridges long neglected rot,
And at the stages bugs167 and fleas168
One moment’s slumber8 suffer not.
Inns there are none. Pretentious169 but
Meagre, within a draughty hut,
A bill of fare hangs full in sight
And irritates the appetite.
Meantime a Cyclops of those parts
Before a fire which feebly glows
Mends with the Russian hammer’s blows
The flimsy wares170 of Western marts,
With blessings171 on the ditches and
The ruts of his own fatherland.
XXXIII
Yet on a frosty winter day
The journey in a sledge172 doth please,
No senseless fashionable lay
Glides with a more luxurious173 ease;
For our Automedons are fire
And our swift troikas never tire;
The verst posts catch the vacant eye
And like a palisade flit by.72
The Larinas unwisely went,
From apprehension174 of the cost,
By their own horses, not the post —
So Tania to her heart’s content
Could taste the pleasures of the road.
Seven days and nights the travellers plod175.
72 This somewhat musty joke has appeared in more than one national costume. Most Englishmen, if we were to replace verst-posts with milestones176 and substitute a graveyard177 for a palisade, would instantly recognize its Yankee extraction. In Russia however its origin is as ancient at least as the reign131 of Catherine the Second. The witticism178 ran thus: A courier sent by Prince Potemkin to the Empress drove so fast that his sword, projecting from the vehicle, rattled179 against the verst-posts as if against a palisade!
XXXIV
But they draw near. Before them, lo!
White Moscow raises her old spires180,
Whose countless182 golden crosses glow
As with innumerable fires.73
Ah! brethren, what was my delight
When I yon semicircle bright
Of churches, gardens, belfries high
Descried183 before me suddenly!
Moscow, how oft in evil days,
Condemned184 to exile dire185 by fate,
On thee I used to meditate186!
Moscow! How much is in the phrase
For every loyal Russian breast!
How much is in that word expressed!
73 The aspect of Moscow, especially as seen from the Sparrow Hills, a low range bordering the river Moskva at a short distance from the city, is unique and splendid. It possesses several domes187 completely plated with gold and some twelve hundred spires most of which are surmounted188 by a golden cross. At the time of sunset they seem literally189 tipped with flame. It was from this memorable190 spot that Napoleon and the Grand Army first obtained a glimpse at the city of the Tsars. There are three hundred and seventy churches in Moscow. The Kremlin itself is however by far the most interesting object to the stranger.
XXXV
Lo! compassed by his grove144 of oaks,
Petrovski Palace! Gloomily
His recent glory he invokes191.
Here, drunk with his late victory,
Napoleon tarried till it please
Moscow approach on bended knees,
Time-honoured Kremlin’s keys present.
Not so! My Moscow never went
To seek him out with bended head.
No gift she bears, no feast proclaims,
But lights incendiary flames
For the impatient chief instead.
From hence engrossed192 in thought profound
He on the conflagration193 frowned.74
74 Napoleon on his arrival in Moscow on the 14th September took up his quarters in the Kremlin, but on the 16th had to remove to the Petrovski Palace or Castle on account of the conflagration which broke out in all quarters of the city. He however returned to the Kremlin on the 19th September. The Palace itself is placed in the midst of extensive grounds just outside the city, on the road to Tver, i.e. to the northwest. It is perhaps worthy194 of remark, as one amongst numerous circumstances proving how extensively the poet interwove his own life-experiences with the plot of this poem, that it was by this road that he himself must have been in the habit of approaching Moscow from his favourite country residence of Mikhailovskoe, in the province of Pskoff.
XXXVI
Adieu, thou witness of our glory,
Petrovski Palace; come, astir!
Drive on! the city barriers hoary195
Appear; along the road of Tver
The coach is borne o’er ruts and holes,
Past women, sentry-boxes, rolls,
Past palaces and nunneries,
Lamp-posts, shops, sledges196, families,
Bokharians, peasants, beds of greens,
Boulevards, belfries, milliners,
Huts, chemists, Cossacks, shopkeepers
And fashionable magazines,
Balconies, lion’s heads on doors,
Jackdaws on every spire181 — in scores.75
75 The first line refers to the prevailing197 shape of the cast-iron handles which adorn the porte cocheres. The Russians are fond of tame birds — jackdaws, pigeons, starlings, etc., abound198 in Moscow and elsewhere.
XXXVII
The weary way still incomplete,
An hour passed by — another — till,
Near Khariton’s in a side street
The coach before a house stood still.
At an old aunt’s they had arrived
Who had for four long years survived
An invalid199 from lung complaint.
A Kalmuck gray, in caftan rent
And spectacles, his knitting staid
And the saloon threw open wide;
The princess from the sofa cried
And the newcomers welcome bade.
The two old ladies then embraced
And exclamations200 interlaced.
XXXVIII
“Princesse, mon ange!”—“Pachette!”—
“Aline!”
“Who would have thought it? As of yore!
Is it for long?”—“Ma chere cousine!”
“Sit down. How funny, to be sure!
’Tis a scene of romance, I vow201!”
“Tania, my eldest202 child, you know”—
“Ah! come, Tattiana, come to me!
Is it a dream, and can it be?
Cousin, rememb’rest Grandison?”
“What! Grandison?”—“Yes, certainly!”
“Oh! I remember, where is he?”—
“Here, he resides with Simeon.
He called upon me Christmas Eve —
His son is married, just conceive!”
XXXIX
“And he — but of him presently —
To-morrow Tania we will show,
What say you? to the family —
Alas! abroad I cannot go.
See, I can hardly crawl about —
But you must both be quite tired out!
Let us go seek a little rest —
Ah! I’m so weak — my throbbing203 breast!
Oppressive now is happiness,
Not only sorrow — Ah! my dear,
Now I am fit for nothing here.
In old age life is weariness!”
Then weeping she sank back distressed
And fits of coughing racked her chest.
XL
By the sick lady’s gaiety
And kindness Tania was impressed,
But, her own room in memory,
The strange apartment her oppressed:
Repose her silken curtains fled,
She could not sleep in her new bed.
The early tinkling205 of the bells
Which of approaching labour tells
Aroused Tattiana from her bed.
The maiden48 at her casement206 sits
As daylight glimmers207, darkness flits,
But ah! discerns nor wood nor mead38 —
Beneath her lay a strange courtyard,
A stable, kitchen, fence appeared.
XLI
To consanguineous dinners they
Conduct Tattiana constantly,
That grandmothers and grandsires may
Contemplate208 her sad reverie.
We Russians, friends from distant parts
Ever receive with kindly209 hearts
And exclamations and good cheer.
“How Tania grows! Doth it appear”
“Long since I held thee at the font —
Since in these arms I thee did bear —
And since I pulled thee by the ear —
And I to give thee cakes was wont?”—
Then the old dames in chorus sing,
“Oh! how our years are vanishing!”
XLII
But nothing changed in them is seen,
All in the good old style appears,
Our dear old aunt, Princess Helene,
Her cap of tulle still ever wears:
Luceria Lvovna paint applies,
Amy Petrovna utters lies,
Ivan Petrovitch still a gaby,
Simeon Petrovitch just as shabby;
Pelagie Nikolavna has
Her friend Monsieur Finemouche the same,
Her wolf-dog and her husband tame;
Still of his club he member was —
As deaf and silly doth remain,
Still eats and drinks enough for twain.
XLIII
Their daughters kiss Tattiana fair.
In the beginning, cold and mute,
Moscow’s young Graces at her stare,
Examine her from head to foot.
They deem her somewhat finical,
Outlandish and provincial,
A trifle pale, a trifle lean,
But plainer girls they oft had seen.
Obedient then to Nature’s law,
With her they did associate,
Squeeze tiny hands and osculate;
Her tresses curled in fashion saw,
And oft in whispers would impart
A maiden’s secrets — of the heart.
XLIV
Triumphs — their own or those of friends —
Hopes, frolics, dreams and sentiment
Their harmless conversation blends
With scandal’s trivial ornament210.
Then to reward such confidence
Her amorous211 experience
With mute appeal to ask they seem —
But Tania just as in a dream
Without participation212 hears,
Their voices nought213 to her impart
And the lone secret of her heart,
Her sacred hoard214 of joy and tears,
She buries deep within her breast
Nor aught confides215 unto the rest.
XLV
Tattiana would have gladly heard
The converse216 of the world polite,
But in the drawing-room all appeared
To find in gossip such delight,
Speech was so tame and colourless
Their slander217 e’en was weariness;
In their sterility218 of prattle219,
Questions and news and tittle-tattle,
No sense was ever manifest
Though by an error and unsought —
The languid mind could smile at nought,
Heart would not throb204 albeit220 in jest —
Even amusing fools we miss
In thee, thou world of empty bliss221.
XLVI
In groups, official striplings glance
Conceitedly222 on Tania fair,
And views amongst themselves advance
Unfavourable unto her.
But one buffoon223 unhappy deemed
Her the ideal which he dreamed,
And leaning ‘gainst the portal closed
To her an elegy224 composed.
Also one Viazemski, remarking
Tattiana by a poor aunt’s side,
Successfully to please her tried,
And an old gent the poet marking
By Tania, smoothing his peruke,
To ask her name the trouble took.76
76 One of the obscure satirical allusions225 contained in this poem. Doubtless the joke was perfectly226 intelligible227 to the habitues of contemporary St. Petersburg society. Viazemski of course is the poet and prince, Pushkin’s friend.
XLVII
But where Melpomene doth rave41
With lengthened228 howl and accent loud,
And her bespangled robe doth wave
Before a cold indifferent crowd,
And where Thalia softly dreams
And heedless of approval seems,
Terpsichore alone among
Her sisterhood delights the young
(So ’twas with us in former years,
In your young days and also mine),
Never upon my heroine
The jealous dame her lorgnette veers229,
The connoisseur230 his glances throws
From boxes or from stalls in rows.
XLVIII
To the assembly her they bear.
There the confusion, pressure, heat,
The crash of music, candles’ glare
And rapid whirl of many feet,
The ladies’ dresses airy, light,
The motley moving mass and bright,
Young ladies in a vasty curve,
To strike imagination serve.
’Tis there that arrant231 fops display
Their insolence232 and waistcoats white
And glasses unemployed233 all night;
Thither hussars on leave will stray
To clank the spur, delight the fair —
And vanish like a bird in air.
XLIX
Full many a lovely star hath night
And Moscow many a beauty fair:
Yet clearer shines than every light
The moon in the blue atmosphere.
And she to whom my lyre would fain,
Yet dares not, dedicate its strain,
Shines in the female firmament234
Like a full moon magnificent.
Lo! with what pride celestial235
Her feet the earth beneath her press!
Her heart how full of gentleness,
Her glance how wild yet genial236!
Enough, enough, conclude thy lay —
For folly’s dues thou hadst to pay.
L
Noise, laughter, bowing, hurrying mixt,
Gallop237, mazurka, waltzing — see!
A pillar by, two aunts betwixt,
Tania, observed by nobody,
Looks upon all with absent gaze
And hates the world’s discordant238 ways.
’Tis noisome239 to her there: in thought
Again her rural life she sought,
The hamlet, the poor villagers,
The little solitary240 nook
Where shining runs the tiny brook241,
Her garden, and those books of hers,
And the lime alley’s twilight dim
Where the first time she met with him.
LI
Thus widely meditation erred242,
Forgot the world, the noisy ball,
Whilst from her countenance ne’er stirred
The eyes of a grave general.
Both aunts looked knowing as a judge,
Each gave Tattiana’s arm a nudge
And in a whisper did repeat:
“Look quickly to your left, my sweet!”
“The left? Why, what on earth is there?”—
“No matter, look immediately.
There, in that knot of company,
Two dressed in uniform appear —
Ah! he has gone the other way”—
“Who? Is it that stout243 general, pray?”—
LII
Let us congratulations pay
To our Tattiana conquering,
And for a time our course delay,
That I forget not whom I sing.
Let me explain that in my song
“I celebrate a comrade young
And the extent of his caprice;
O epic27 Muse, my powers increase
And grant success to labour long;
Having a trusty staff bestowed244,
Grant that I err127 not on the road.”
Enough! my pack is now unslung —
To classicism I’ve homage245 paid,
Though late, have a beginning made.77
77 Many will consider this mode of bringing the canto246 to a conclusion of more than doubtful taste. The poet evidently aims a stroke at the pedantic247 and narrow-minded criticism to which original genius, emancipated248 from the strait-waistcoat of conventionality, is not unfrequently subjected.
End of Canto The Seventh
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1
urn
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| n.（有座脚的）瓮；坟墓；骨灰瓮 | |
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2
woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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3
impelled
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| v.推动、推进或敦促某人做某事( impel的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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imp
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| n.顽童 | |
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descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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turbid
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| adj.混浊的，泥水的，浓的 | |
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slumbering
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| 微睡，睡眠（slumber的现在分词形式） | |
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8
slumber
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| n.睡眠，沉睡状态 | |
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haze
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| n.霾，烟雾；懵懂，迷糊；vi.(over)变模糊 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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gaily
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| adv.欢乐地，高兴地 | |
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herds
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| 兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众 | |
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gale
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| n.大风，强风，一阵闹声（尤指笑声等） | |
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14
agitation
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| n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动 | |
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wed
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| v.娶，嫁，与…结婚 | |
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inflict
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| vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担 | |
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annoyance
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| n.恼怒，生气，烦恼 | |
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distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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19
inert
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| adj.无活动能力的，惰性的；迟钝的 | |
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20
cloyed
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| v.发腻，倒胃口( cloy的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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21
consigned
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| v.把…置于（令人不快的境地）( consign的过去式和过去分词 )；把…托付给；把…托人代售；丟弃 | |
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22
lone
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| adj.孤寂的，单独的；唯一的 | |
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rustling
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| n. 瑟瑟声，沙沙声 adj. 发沙沙声的 | |
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24
teems
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| v.充满( teem的第三人称单数 )；到处都是；（指水、雨等）暴降；倾注 | |
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25
wafted
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| v.吹送，飘送，（使）浮动( waft的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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26
poetic
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| adj.富有诗意的，有诗人气质的，善于抒情的 | |
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27
epic
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| n.史诗，叙事诗；adj.史诗般的，壮丽的 | |
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28
cynical
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| adj.(对人性或动机)怀疑的，不信世道向善的 | |
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29
dame
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| n.女士 | |
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30
dames
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| n.（在英国）夫人（一种封号），夫人（爵士妻子的称号）( dame的名词复数 )；女人 | |
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31
bowers
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| n.（女子的）卧室( bower的名词复数 )；船首锚；阴凉处；鞠躬的人 | |
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32
starry
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| adj.星光照耀的, 闪亮的 | |
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33
riotous
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| adj.骚乱的；狂欢的 | |
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34
muse
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| n.缪斯（希腊神话中的女神），创作灵感 | |
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35
coax
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| v.哄诱，劝诱，用诱哄得到，诱取 | |
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36
rivulet
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| n.小溪，小河 | |
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37
winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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38
mead
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| n.蜂蜜酒 | |
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39
brawls
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| 吵架，打架( brawl的名词复数 ) | |
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40
gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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41
rave
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| vi.胡言乱语；热衷谈论；n.热情赞扬 | |
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42
fleeting
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| adj.短暂的，飞逝的 | |
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43
repose
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| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
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44
agitate
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| vi.(for,against)煽动，鼓动；vt.搅动 | |
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45
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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46
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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47
maidens
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| 处女( maiden的名词复数 )； 少女； 未婚女子； （板球运动）未得分的一轮投球 | |
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48
maiden
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| n.少女，处女；adj.未婚的，纯洁的，无经验的 | |
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49
lament
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| n.悲叹，悔恨，恸哭；v.哀悼，悔恨，悲叹 | |
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50
heeds
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| n.留心，注意，听从( heed的名词复数 )v.听某人的劝告，听从( heed的第三人称单数 ) | |
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51
effaced
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| v.擦掉( efface的过去式和过去分词 )；抹去；超越；使黯然失色 | |
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52
bough
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| n.大树枝，主枝 | |
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53
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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54
formerly
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| adv.从前，以前 | |
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55
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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56
assuage
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| v.缓和，减轻，镇定 | |
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57
behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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58
eternity
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| n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷 | |
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59
perfidy
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| n.背信弃义，不忠贞 | |
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60
lulled
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| vt.使镇静，使安静（lull的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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61
bard
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| n.吟游诗人 | |
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62
indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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63
callous
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| adj.无情的，冷淡的，硬结的，起老茧的 | |
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64
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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65
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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66
shrill
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| adj.尖声的；刺耳的；v尖叫 | |
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67
resound
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| v.回响 | |
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68
regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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69
aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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70
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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71
pall
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| v.覆盖，使平淡无味；n.柩衣，棺罩；棺材；帷幕 | |
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72
distressed
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| 痛苦的 | |
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73
fumed
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| 愤怒( fume的过去式和过去分词 )； 大怒； 发怒； 冒烟 | |
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74
wedded
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| adj.正式结婚的；渴望…的，执著于…的v.嫁，娶，（与…）结婚( wed的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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75
tangled
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| adj. 纠缠的，紊乱的 动词tangle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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76
respite
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| n.休息，中止，暂缓 | |
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77
consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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78
bereft
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| adj.被剥夺的 | |
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79
cleft
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| n.裂缝；adj.裂开的 | |
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80
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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81
ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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82
importunately
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83
detest
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| vt.痛恨，憎恶 | |
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84
slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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85
betrothed
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| n. 已订婚者 动词betroth的过去式和过去分词 | |
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86
desolate
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| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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87
tranquil
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| adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的 | |
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88
beetle
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| n.甲虫，近视眼的人 | |
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89
meditation
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| n.熟虑，（尤指宗教的）默想，沉思，（pl.）冥想录 | |
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90
mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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91
descends
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| v.下来( descend的第三人称单数 )；下去；下降；下斜 | |
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92
perplexed
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| adj.不知所措的 | |
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93
deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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94
yelping
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| v.发出短而尖的叫声( yelp的现在分词 ) | |
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95
shriek
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| v./n.尖叫，叫喊 | |
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96
kennel
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| n.狗舍，狗窝 | |
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97
hearth
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| n.壁炉炉床，壁炉地面 | |
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98
sitting-room
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| n.（BrE）客厅，起居室 | |
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99
perused
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| v.读（某篇文字）( peruse的过去式和过去分词 )；（尤指）细阅；审阅；匆匆读或心不在焉地浏览（某篇文字） | |
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100
wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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101
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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102
fret
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| v.(使)烦恼；(使)焦急；(使)腐蚀，(使)磨损 | |
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103
twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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104
softens
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| （使）变软( soften的第三人称单数 )； 缓解打击； 缓和； 安慰 | |
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105
melancholy
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| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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106
adorn
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| vt.使美化，装饰 | |
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107
effigies
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| n.（人的）雕像，模拟像，肖像( effigy的名词复数 ) | |
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108
enchanted
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| adj. 被施魔法的，陶醉的，入迷的 动词enchant的过去式和过去分词 | |
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109
misty
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| adj.雾蒙蒙的，有雾的 | |
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110
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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111
dwelling
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| n.住宅，住所，寓所 | |
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112
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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113
devoured
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| 吞没( devour的过去式和过去分词 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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114
zest
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| n.乐趣；滋味，风味；兴趣 | |
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115
portrayed
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| v.画像( portray的过去式和过去分词 )；描述；描绘；描画 | |
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116
immorality
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| n. 不道德, 无道义 | |
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117
arid
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| adj.干旱的；(土地)贫瘠的 | |
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118
nag
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| v.(对…)不停地唠叨；n.爱唠叨的人 | |
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119
exasperated
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| adj.恼怒的 | |
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120
incisions
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| n.切开，切口( incision的名词复数 ) | |
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121
attentive
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| adj.注意的，专心的；关心(别人)的，殷勤的 | |
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122
trepidation
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| n.惊恐，惶恐 | |
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123
acquiesced
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| v.默认，默许( acquiesce的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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124
margins
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| 边( margin的名词复数 )； 利润； 页边空白； 差数 | |
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125
dagger
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| n.匕首，短剑，剑号 | |
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126
asterisk
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| n.星号，星标 | |
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127
err
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| vi.犯错误，出差错 | |
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128
misanthrope
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| n.恨人类的人；厌世者 | |
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129
malevolent
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| adj.有恶意的，恶毒的 | |
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130
conjured
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| 用魔术变出( conjure的过去式和过去分词 )； 祈求，恳求； 变戏法； （变魔术般地） 使…出现 | |
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131
reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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132
WHIMS
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| 虚妄，禅病 | |
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133
parody
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| n.打油诗文，诙谐的改编诗文，拙劣的模仿；v.拙劣模仿，作模仿诗文 | |
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134
riddle
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| n.谜，谜语，粗筛；vt.解谜，给…出谜，筛，检查，鉴定，非难，充满于；vi.出谜 | |
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135
anguish
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| n.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼 | |
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136
doom
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| n.厄运，劫数；v.注定，命定 | |
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137
devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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138
mused
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| v.沉思，冥想( muse的过去式和过去分词 )；沉思自语说（某事） | |
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139
vacancy
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| n.（旅馆的）空位，空房，（职务的）空缺 | |
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140
endearment
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| n.表示亲爱的行为 | |
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141
provincial
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| adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人 | |
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142
innocence
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| n.无罪；天真；无害 | |
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143
antiquated
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| adj.陈旧的，过时的 | |
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144
grove
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| n.林子，小树林，园林 | |
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145
groves
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| 树丛，小树林( grove的名词复数 ) | |
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146
spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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147
pallid
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| adj.苍白的，呆板的 | |
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148
boughs
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| 大树枝( bough的名词复数 ) | |
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149
inhale
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| v.吸入(气体等)，吸(烟) | |
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150
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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151
postponed
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| vt.& vi.延期，缓办，（使）延迟vt.把…放在次要地位；[语]把…放在后面（或句尾）vi.（疟疾等）延缓发作（或复发） | |
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152
mattresses
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| 褥垫，床垫( mattress的名词复数 ) | |
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153
jugs
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| （有柄及小口的）水壶( jug的名词复数 ) | |
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154
wail
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| vt./vi.大声哀号，恸哭；呼啸，尖啸 | |
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155
nags
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| n.不断地挑剔或批评（某人）( nag的名词复数 )；不断地烦扰或伤害（某人）；无休止地抱怨；不断指责v.不断地挑剔或批评（某人）( nag的第三人称单数 )；不断地烦扰或伤害（某人）；无休止地抱怨；不断指责 | |
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156
stanza
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| n.（诗）节，段 | |
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157
mound
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| n.土墩，堤，小山；v.筑堤，用土堆防卫 | |
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158
leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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159
gateway
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| n.大门口，出入口，途径，方法 | |
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160
glides
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| n.滑行( glide的名词复数 )；滑音；音渡；过渡音v.滑动( glide的第三人称单数 )；掠过；（鸟或飞机 ） 滑翔 | |
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161
abides
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| 容忍( abide的第三人称单数 )； 等候； 逗留； 停留 | |
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162
turmoil
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| n.骚乱，混乱，动乱 | |
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163
penetrate
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| v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解 | |
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164
excavate
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| vt.挖掘，挖出 | |
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165
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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166
erect
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| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
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167
bugs
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| adj.疯狂的，发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 )；病菌；虫子；[计算机]（制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的）错误 | |
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168
fleas
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| n.跳蚤( flea的名词复数 )；爱财如命；没好气地（拒绝某人的要求） | |
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169
pretentious
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| adj.自命不凡的，自负的，炫耀的 | |
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170
wares
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| n. 货物, 商品 | |
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171
blessings
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| n.（上帝的）祝福( blessing的名词复数 )；好事；福分；因祸得福 | |
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172
sledge
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| n.雪橇，大锤；v.用雪橇搬运，坐雪橇往 | |
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173
luxurious
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| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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174
apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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175
plod
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| v.沉重缓慢地走，孜孜地工作 | |
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176
milestones
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| n.重要事件( milestone的名词复数 )；重要阶段；转折点；里程碑 | |
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177
graveyard
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| n.坟场 | |
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178
witticism
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| n.谐语，妙语 | |
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179
rattled
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| 慌乱的，恼火的 | |
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180
spires
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| n.（教堂的） 塔尖，尖顶( spire的名词复数 ) | |
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181
spire
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| n.(教堂)尖顶，尖塔，高点 | |
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182
countless
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| adj.无数的，多得不计其数的 | |
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183
descried
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| adj.被注意到的，被发现的，被看到的 | |
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184
condemned
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| adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
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185
dire
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| adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的 | |
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186
meditate
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| v.想，考虑，（尤指宗教上的）沉思，冥想 | |
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187
domes
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| n.圆屋顶( dome的名词复数 )；像圆屋顶一样的东西；圆顶体育场 | |
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188
surmounted
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| 战胜( surmount的过去式和过去分词 )； 克服（困难）； 居于…之上； 在…顶上 | |
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189
literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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190
memorable
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| adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的 | |
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191
invokes
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| v.援引( invoke的第三人称单数 )；行使（权利等）；祈求救助；恳求 | |
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192
engrossed
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| adj.全神贯注的 | |
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193
conflagration
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| n.建筑物或森林大火 | |
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194
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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195
hoary
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| adj.古老的；鬓发斑白的 | |
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196
sledges
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| n.雪橇，雪车( sledge的名词复数 )v.乘雪橇( sledge的第三人称单数 )；用雪橇运载 | |
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197
prevailing
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| adj.盛行的；占优势的；主要的 | |
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198
abound
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| vi.大量存在；(in，with)充满，富于 | |
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199
invalid
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| n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的 | |
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200
exclamations
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| n.呼喊( exclamation的名词复数 )；感叹；感叹语；感叹词 | |
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201
vow
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| n.誓(言)，誓约；v.起誓，立誓 | |
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202
eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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203
throbbing
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| a. 跳动的,悸动的 | |
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204
throb
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| v.震颤，颤动；(急速强烈地)跳动，搏动 | |
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205
tinkling
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| n.丁当作响声 | |
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206
casement
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| n.竖铰链窗；窗扉 | |
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207
glimmers
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| n.微光，闪光( glimmer的名词复数 )v.发闪光，发微光( glimmer的第三人称单数 ) | |
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208
contemplate
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| vt.盘算，计议；周密考虑；注视，凝视 | |
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209
kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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210
ornament
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| v.装饰，美化；n.装饰，装饰物 | |
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211
amorous
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| adj.多情的；有关爱情的 | |
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212
participation
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| n.参与，参加，分享 | |
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213
nought
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| n.／adj.无，零 | |
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214
hoard
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| n./v.窖藏，贮存，囤积 | |
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215
confides
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| v.吐露（秘密，心事等）( confide的第三人称单数 )；（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等） | |
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216
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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217
slander
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| n./v.诽谤，污蔑 | |
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218
sterility
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| n.不生育，不结果，贫瘠，消毒，无菌 | |
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219
prattle
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| n.闲谈；v.（小孩般）天真无邪地说话；发出连续而无意义的声音 | |
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220
albeit
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| conj.即使；纵使；虽然 | |
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221
bliss
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| n.狂喜，福佑，天赐的福 | |
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222
conceitedly
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| 自满地 | |
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223
buffoon
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| n.演出时的丑角 | |
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224
elegy
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| n.哀歌，挽歌 | |
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225
allusions
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| 暗指，间接提到( allusion的名词复数 ) | |
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226
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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227
intelligible
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| adj.可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的 | |
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228
lengthened
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| （时间或空间）延长，伸长( lengthen的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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229
veers
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| v.（尤指交通工具）改变方向或路线( veer的第三人称单数 )；（指谈话内容、人的行为或观点）突然改变；（指风） （在北半球按顺时针方向、在南半球按逆时针方向）逐渐转向；风向顺时针转 | |
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230
connoisseur
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| n.鉴赏家，行家，内行 | |
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231
arrant
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| adj.极端的；最大的 | |
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232
insolence
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| n.傲慢；无礼；厚颜；傲慢的态度 | |
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233
unemployed
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| adj.失业的，没有工作的；未动用的，闲置的 | |
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234
firmament
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| n.苍穹；最高层 | |
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235
celestial
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| adj.天体的；天上的 | |
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236
genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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237
gallop
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| v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展 | |
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238
discordant
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| adj.不调和的 | |
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239
noisome
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| adj.有害的，可厌的 | |
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240
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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241
brook
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| n.小河，溪；v.忍受，容让 | |
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242
erred
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| 犯错误，做错事( err的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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244
bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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homage
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| n.尊敬，敬意，崇敬 | |
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canto
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| n.长篇诗的章 | |
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247
pedantic
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| adj.卖弄学问的；迂腐的 | |
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248
emancipated
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| adj.被解放的，不受约束的v.解放某人（尤指摆脱政治、法律或社会的束缚）( emancipate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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