Not less richly furnished with the relics11 of eld and with the charms of modern cultivation12 is the parallel vale of the Gala, the nursery of the “Braw Lads”. The “Shirra” often traversed it on his way by Midleton Moor6 to his home and sphere of jurisdiction13 on Ettrick and Tweed, upon which the stream, road, and railway debouch14 a little below the mill lades and chimney stalks of the town of Galashiels, and almost opposite to Abbotsford. On the links and bends of the Gala, and its side glens of the Heriot, the Armit, and the Luggate, are many places of historic note—Crookston, of the Borthwicks, for example; Stow—the “Stowe of Wedale”, of Arthurian and medi?val fame; Bowland, like Eildon Hall, on the farther side of the Eildons, a possession of the House of Buccleuch; the ruined “broch” on the Bow Hill, facing, across the valley, a similar structure which, with the termination of that ancient and mysterious line of earthworks, the “Catrail”, occupies the crown of Torwoodlee, of the Pringles; finally, Buckholm Hill and Tower, looking over the roofs of the busy seat of tweed manufactures 36 to Gala Hill and Gala House of the Scotts. “Gala Water, Buckholm, Torwoodlee”, were among the last audible words murmured by the dying “Border Minstrel”.
Between “Leader howms” and Gala Water runs the little stream of the Allan or Alwyne through the “Fairy Dean”. Lovers of Scott will not pass it by, because, apart from the loveliness of its succession of wood-embowered haughs, it leads to a spot where three ruined peel towers—Hillslap, Colmslie, and Langshaw—stand not many bowshots apart, memorials of the time when the smaller lairds had to bind16 themselves together by a “bond of manrent”, for protection against their more powerful neighbours; and the first of these has been identified, with some sanction from Scott himself, as the “Glendearg” of the Glendinnings in The Monastery17 and The Abbot. Near the bridge which crosses the Tweed at the “Pavilion of Alwyn”, and the “groves19 of noble Somerville”, was the scene of the misadventure of Philip, the Sacristan, at the hands of the spirits, and of Mysie Happer, the daughter of the miller20 of the Halidome. The dairy farm of the “monks22 of St. Mary’s” was on Allan Water; up it led the “girth-gait” which they often followed on the way to Soutra Hospice. True Thomas’s rhymed sayings cling to this countryside like—in Father Philip’s phrase—“burrs to a beggar’s rags”. The region between Leaderfoot and Galashiels was part of the original patrimony23 of the Cistercian Abbey; all the way, but especially where Gattonside, set on its hillside and surrounded by its famous orchards24, “beiks in the sun”, one sees, in glimpses or in full view,
“Where fair Tweed flows round holy Melrose
And Eildon slopes to the plain”.
In drawing near to Melrose, especially if one crosses at Leaderfoot, and approaches by the village of Newstead and over the site of the Roman camp, one feels there is something to be said for Dorothy Wordsworth’s disappointment on coming first into near view of the Abbey. It stands back from the river—perhaps because the river has left it—and apart from the hills. It is in the fields outside of the village, the streets of which come to its gate and stop there; and it is surrounded by walls, which interrupt and deform25 proportions seriously injured by the loss of its central tower. Melrose—“the light of the land, the abode26 of saints, the grave of monarchs”—is a glorious fragment, more beautiful, perhaps, in detail than in general effect, in ornament27 than in design; and memorable28 even more for its legendary29 and literary associations than for its actual history. The monastery dates from the same abbey-building reign30 as its rivals on Tweedside; but architecturally the church belongs to another horizon. Of the original Norman fabric31 that stood on the site 38 scarcely a trace remains32. It was swept away during the descent upon it of Edward II in 1322, and what remained must have perished under the equally destructive assault of Richard II in 1385. Between these two dates, a building arose, represented by the eastern end of the nave33 with its flying buttresses34 and by adjoining parts of the choir35 and transepts, that may be regarded as a monument of the piety36 and the gratitude37 of Robert the Bruce, whose heart, brought back from the Paynim lands to which the “good Sir James” of Douglas had carried it, is buried in the Abbey. The work of rebuilding was continued for nearly a couple of centuries longer; and it is evident that the highest art and craftsmanship38 the age could produce were employed in construction and in ornament, which, owing to the fineness of grain of the red sandstone employed, remains in wonderful preservation39. It is doubtful whether it was completed before the tempests of the Tudor invasions and of the Reformation fell upon it, and the monks were put to flight. It has not been definitely ascertained40 how far the long nave extended to the westward41, or what was the plan of the monastic buildings, of which and of the cloister42 only a few fragments are left on the northern side of the church. The presbytery, with its much extolled43 “east oriel” window, was probably among the later additions, and is one of the finest examples of Perpendicular44 Gothic 39 extant. Scott would have us view it when the moon is shining “through slender shafts45 of shapely stone, by foliaged tracery combined”, and to imagine that
“Some fairy’s hand
’Twixt poplars straight the ozier wand,
In many a freakish knot, had twined”.
But even more wonderful and beautiful to many eyes is the great Decorated window of the south transept that lightens the aisle46 in which, as is fabled47, the Wizard Michael sleeps with his magic books beside him. Familiar are the lines in which Sir Walter, a constant pilgrim to this shrine48, chants its praises—of its cloister garth:
“Nor herb, nor floweret, glistened49 there,
But was carved in the cloister-arches fair”;
of the vaulted50 roof, where
“The key-stone that locked each ribbéd aisle
Was a fleur-de-lys or a quatrefeuille”;
and of the pillars, with their clustered shafts, that
“With base and with capital flourished around
Seem’d bundles of lances which garlands had bound”.
It must have been a labour of love to frame this marvellously carved casket, in which are laid the ashes of kings and prelates. Here rest the chiefs of the once mighty51 House of Douglas, and, not far away, of the English Warden52 who desecrated53 their tombs and was overtaken and slain54 at Ancrum Moor; among minor55 clans56 “Ye race of ye House of Zair”—Kerrs and Pringles; and, later in date but of the same stubborn 40 and trusty Border stuff, Tom Purdie, the reclaimed57 poacher and faithful watchdog and factotum58 of the Laird of Abbotsford. The prayer of John Morvo, inscribed59 on the wall of the south transept,
“I pray to God and Marie baith
And sweet St. John keep this haly Kirk frae skaith”,
has not been fulfilled. To other bludgeonings of fate was added its conversion60 into the parish church in the seventeenth century. Walter Scott helped to rescue it from vandalism and neglect; and he continues to be the guardian61 spirit of the “dark Abbaye”.
Not less than in the days of the monks is the adjacent town of Melrose—“Kennaquair” the residence of the antiquarian Captain Cuthbert Clutterbuck—an appanage of the Abbey, out of which indeed it has partly been built. One looks in vain for the “Druid Oak”, which existed only in Scott’s fancy. But Melrose has its market cross and market place, and does a modest business with the country round. Its chief source of prosperity, however, is in its situation and its associations; it may be called the capital of the “Scott Country”. Abbotsford is little more than a couple of miles away. The road to it passes Darnick Tower, a red keep festooned with greenery, the stronghold of one of the lay vassals62 of the Abbey; and skirts, in the grounds of the Hydropathic Establishment, the “skirmish field” on which was 41 fought in 1526 the fray63 between the Scotts and the Kerrs of the Douglas faction64 that gave rise to a long feud65 between the clans. Scott, it may be noted66, speaks of the scene, when
“Cessford’s heart-blood dear
Reeked67 on dark Elliot’s Border spear”,
as if it had taken place beside the ruined Kerr stronghold of Holydean, on the southern side of the hills beyond Huntly-burn and the “Rhymer’s Glen”, and thus near to the pretty village of Bowden, which sits under the lowest of the three Eildons, and looks down into the valley of the Ale and towards Cavers Carre and Lilliesleaf.
The fields and woods sloping down from Bowden Moor and Cauldshields Loch, on the left of the way from Melrose to Abbotsford, are part of the possessions which Sir Walter gathered together between 1811, when he had to give up Ashestiel, and 1824; and they still belong to his descendants. The nucleus68 of the property was the little farm of Cartley, or Clarty, Hole, on the Tweed a little above the inflow of the Gala. It lay almost opposite to the site of the plum trees that, according to a story of Border foray much cherished in Galashiels, gave to that town the burghal arms and the slogan tune69 of “Soor Plooms”, the favourite bagpipe70 air of Scott’s Kelso uncle. On the strength of a tradition that there was here a crossing-place 42 of the monks, Abbotsford got its new and ever memorable name. A modest cottage, which forms part of the west wing, gradually grew with the growth of the owner’s fame and fortunes, until, at the end of fourteen years, by addition and reconstruction71, mainly all of Sir Walter’s own devising, it had become the stately baronial mansion72, adorned73 with turrets74, corbels, and crowsteps, that challenges the eye by its form and size as well as by its history. Into it the author of the Waverley Novels may be said to have built his fancies, his aspirations75, and his ambitions; and here he counted on spending the evening of his days in well-earned rest, surrounded by his children and his friends, and by the love and admiration76 of his fellow countrymen. Hardly had this “poem in stone and lime” been brought to completion when an untimely frost blasted his hopes, and with unimpaired courage, but with gradually failing strength, he turned to a task, greater than any that ever fell to his namesake the “michty Michael”, and worked unremittingly, with hand and brain, for another seven years’ term until he came back for the last time to Abbotsford, a spent and broken man, to die. Sadder far his return than his departure a year before in quest of health, when
“A trouble, not of clouds or weeping rain,
Nor of the setting sun’s pathetic light
Engendered77, hung o’er Eildon’s triple height”.
43
It brought the last touch of tragedy and of heroism78 to the closing scene of that noble life—to the passing of the marvellous power, the warm and generous heart, the gallant79 spirit that was Walter Scott. He enjoyed, however, many happy days in Abbotsford; it is associated more with his triumphs than with his misfortunes. Here he trod his fields, delighted “to call this wooded patch of earth his own”, entertained literary celebrities80 like Washington Irving, Maria Edgeworth, and the Wordsworths, held almost feudal81 receptions of his retainers and neighbours, talked and walked with his familiars—Lockhart, Skene, Cranstoun, the “beloved Erskine”—and with his “ain folk”, and planned and wrote his novels. Tweed sings a blither as well as a fuller strain since he dwelt by it.
Into the house, he built material more substantial than his hopes. Scott had the antiquarian temper and taste; and like Burns’s Grose, and his own Oldbuck, he gathered about him “a routh o’ auld nicknackets”, many of them the free-will offering of admirers. In this way the door of the old Edinburgh Tolbooth—the “Heart of Midlothian”—came into his possession, along with the ponderous82 lock and key over which “Daddie Ratton” had held charge. Sculptured and inscribed stones from the High Street and Canongate houses have also found their way here; while within the house has been collected a museum of Border antiquities83, 44 along with portraits, and personal souvenirs and relics, gathered from all corners of the land. The house has been left “very much as in Sir Walter’s time”; and a constant stream of pilgrims visits it. In the library are relics of Napoleon, of Prince Charlie and Flora84 Macdonald, of Nelson and Wellington; in the drawing-room, among other famous pictures, is Raeburn’s portrait of Scott; in the armoury, memorials of Rob Roy, Montrose, Claverhouse, and Archbishop Sharpe, and the keys of Loch Leven Castle, while on the walls are blazoned85 the escutcheons of “ye Clannis and men of name quha keepit ye Scottish Marches in the days of auld”. But more impressive than any of these things are the chair in which Scott sat to write or dictate86 and the pen that in his hand was as a magician’s rod.
The way from Abbotsford to Selkirk, by the valleys of the Tweed and Ettrick, past Fawdonside and Lindean, was a familiar one to the “Shirra”. He had legal and other county business that carried him often during a third of a century to the head town of his Forest Sheriffdom; and inclination87 went hand in hand with duty, for the road led to Ettrick and Yarrow, to “Sweet Bowhill” and to
“The shattered front of Newark’s towers
Renowned88 in Border story”.
Selkirk—the old “church of the shielings”, which, in the days when David I and his successors hunted in the forest of Ettrick, served the royal sportsmen for their orisons—narrowly missed being the seat of an Abbey. A colony of Tyronesian monks were settled in it more than eight centuries ago, but were removed, “for convenience”, to Kelso. The “Souters of Selkirk” have since given themselves to war, to shoemaking, and latterly to tweed manufacture. But the town has not neglected poetry, and bards89 of later date have been born and have sung in it, since Burns and Scott drew the “birse” across their lips. It is set well above the vale of the Ettrick, at the gate of the Haining policies; and its public buildings are gathered around the triangular90 market-place, in which stands a statue of Sir Walter in his sheriff’s robes. In the Free Library is hung the Flodden Standard brought home by the survivors91 of that day of disaster, when “the Flowers o’ the Forest were a’ wede awa’”.
In 1645 Montrose was resting, with his cavalry92, in Selkirk, his infantry93 encamped at Philiphaugh, on the other side of Ettrick, when David Lesley crept up on him from Melrose, in the mist of a September morning. In two or three hours the fruits of nine brilliant victories were lost, and the great captain was a fugitive94 speeding across Minchmoor to Traquair, where, the door being shut on him, he passed on to Clydesdale and the Highlands. There have been many romantic crossings of Minchmoor, and meetings and partings at “Wallace’s 46 Trench”—part of the old Catrail or Picts’ Dyke—and at the Cheese Well. Walter Scott accompanied his friend Mungo Park—whose statue stands near his own in the streets of Selkirk—when Park was starting on his African journey. They separated on the ridge18 above Williamhope, where, as has already been told, Sir William Douglas, the “Flower of Chivalry”, was slain by his cousin the Earl of Douglas, in revenge, it is said, for the most unchivalrous deed of the starving to death, in Hermitage Castle, of Sir Alexander de Ramsay. Across this high moor between Yarrow and Tweed came James V, with five belted earls, to the meeting with the “Outlaw Murray”, lord of Hangingshaws, and Newark, and Philiphaugh and other lands on Yarrow. The king’s message ran—
“Bid him meet me at Permanscore,[1]
And bring four in his companie;
Five earls sall come wi’ mysel,
Good reason I suld honoured be”.
Permanscore is a hollow of the hill, “where wind and water shears”, and here, three hundred years after the “Outlaw’s” time, the “Shirra” assembled and conducted “a perambulation of the marches” in a case of disputed boundaries.
Carterhaugh—the meadow on which faithful Janet met “Young Tamlane”, and, by holding him through all his grisly transformations95, rescued him from Fairy-land—lies 47 in the fork between Ettrick and Yarrow. Behind it is Bowhill, at the time when the Lay was written the favourite seat of the Buccleuch family; and the “Duchess’s Walk”, along the right bank of the Yarrow, is named from the lady who suggested to Scott the “Goblin Page” as an episode of the Lay. It leads to where
“Newark’s stately tower
Looks out from Yarrow’s birchen bower15”,
and to the “embattled portal arch”
“Whose ponderous grate and massy bar
Had oft rolled back the tide of war”.
Within the deserted96 walls, the widowed Duchess of Buccleuch and Monmouth is pictured as listening to the tale of the Last Minstrel. Local tradition has it that in the courtyard the Irish prisoners who surrendered at Philiphaugh were massacred; another story asserts that they were slaughtered97 on “Slainmenslee”. Newark was a royal hunting-seat in the fifteenth century; and its possession carried with it the Hereditary99 Sheriffdom of the Forest, which with many things else in this country came to the House of Buccleuch.
Over against Newark is Foulshiels, the birthplace of Mungo Park. Broadmeadows and Lewinhope and Tinnis are higher up the stream, which here runs between steep wooded hills, cloven by narrow side glens and with spaces of rich haughland on its margin100. 48 Yarrow burrows101 under banks of birch and hazel, or overshadowed by fine forest trees. The vale is “strewn with the sites of the tragedies of far-off years, forgotten by history, but remembered in song and tradition”; it is “the very sanctuary102 of romantic ballad103-love. Its clear current sings a mournful song of the ‘good heart’s bluid’ that once stained its wave; of the drowned youth caught in the ‘cleaving o’ the craig’. The winds that sweep the hillsides and bend ‘the birks a’ bowing’ whisper still of the wail104 of the ‘winsome marrow’, and have an undernote of sadness on the brightest day of summer; while with the fall of the red and yellow leaf the very spirit of ‘pastoral melancholy’ broods and sleeps in the enchanted105 valley. Always, by Yarrow, the comely106 youth goes forth107 only to fall by the sword, fighting against odds108 in the Dowie Dens109, or to be caught and drowned in the treacherous110 pools of this fateful river; always the woman is left to weep over her lost and lealful lord.” No strict identification of ballad sites and origins is possible; but the story of the “Dowie Dens” has become associated with Tinnis bank and with Deucharswire, beside Yarrow Kirk; and is said to be founded on the slaughter98 in 1616 of Walter Scott of Oakwood by the kin2 of John Scott of Tushielaw, with whose daughter, Grizel, Oakwood had contracted an irregular marriage.
A group of authentic111 memories gather around Yarrow Kirk and Manse, and the bridge which carries a crossroad over the hills to Ettrick. A succession of cultured pastors112 have dwelt here, including Dr. Rutherford the grandfather of Scott, two generations of Russells, and the late Dr. Borland. By an unfortunate fire, in the spring of 1922, the restored church was destroyed, together with the memorials placed in it of Sir Walter, of Willie Laidlaw, his friend and amanuensis, of Wordsworth, and of the Ettrick Shepherd, all of them residents or visitors on Yarrow and worshippers in this secluded113 fane. In a field close by is a stone carved in rude Latin minuscules to the “Sons of Liberalis, of the Dumnogeni”, a relic10 of post-Roman times. Above Yarrow Kirk, the valley widens until it becomes spacious114 enough to hold the clear mirror of St. Mary’s Loch; the hills become bare and green and smooth, and over the ridge on the right comes the road from the Tweed by Paddyslack and Mountbenger to the Gordon Arms. It was from this road that Wordsworth, in good company, caught his first, and his last, glimpse of Yarrow—
“When first descending115 from the moorlands
I saw the stream of Yarrow glide116
Along a bare and open valley,
The Ettrick Shepherd was my guide.
When last along its banks I wandered,
Through groves that had begun to shed
Their golden leaves upon the pathway,
My steps the Border Minstrel led.”
50
Hogg farmed, unsuccessfully, Mountbenger, before he removed across Yarrow to Altrieve, where he spent the last year of his life and where he died. In his youth he had herded117 sheep on Blackhouse heights, where looking down on the ruined peel on the Douglas burn are the stones that mark the place where the “seven bauld brethren” fell, in their pursuit of “Lord William and Lady Margaret”. The escaping lovers lighted down at this “wan water”.
“‘Hold up, hold up, Lord William,’ she said,
‘For I fear that ye are slain.’
‘’Tis naething but the shadow of my scarlet118 cloak
That shines in the water so plain.’”
But it was his “heart’s bluid”, and the pair were buried together in St. Mary’s Church, whose deserted graveyard119 is set on a shelf of Hendersyde Hill, overlooking the loch, and fronting the dome21 of Bowerhope Hill.
On the banks of a burn which flows into Yarrow a little below where it issues from the loch is Dryhope Tower. “Auld Watt” of Harden came to it to bear away Mary Scott, the “Flower of Yarrow”, and part of the provision for their housekeeping was the spoils of the “first harvest-moon”. Half-way along the shore of St. Mary’s, at Cappercleuch, pours in the Meggat Water, a stream that drains some of the highest ground in the Southern Uplands. It was a favourite royal hunting-forest in 1529, when James V came this way intent on the extirpation120 of the Border thieves; and fate threw in 51 his path Cockburn of Henderland, whose tower was near Meggatfoot. The hollow and waterfall of the “Dowglen” are shown where his lady sought shelter, while “they broke her bower and slew121 her knight”; the spot, with names inscribed, can be seen in a little clump122 of wood beside the ruined peel to which she bore him on her back and dug his grave:—
“And thinkna ye my heart was sair
When I laid the mools on his yellow hair;
And thinkna ye my heart was wae
When I turned aside awa to gae”.
Unfortunately for tradition, the fact is on record that Cockburn of Henderland, like his neighbour Scott of Tushielaw, was tried and executed at Edinburgh. James Hogg would have made small ado about brushing such obstructions123 out of the way of romance. His statue stands at the head of St. Mary’s Loch—the presiding genius of the scene. The road up Yarrow, passing through the woods of Rodono, holds out beyond it, by the Loch of the Lowes and Chapelhope to Birkhill, and then, under the “Grey Mare’s Tail” and White Coombe, down Moffatdale. But the seated figure of the burly Shepherd, wrapped in his plaid, faces “Tibbie Shiels”, the rendezvous124 of generations of thirsty fishers and poets, on the narrow space between the lochs, and looks towards the hills up which the crossroad climbs steeply, making for Ettrick. It was at this famous hostelry that Hogg gave his classical order, 52 after a hard night’s drinking with Christopher North and other congenial company, “Tibbie, bring in the Loch!” “He taught the wandering winds to sing”, reads the inscription125 on his monument; and the strong song of the winds that blow down Ettrick accompanies the traveller as he climbs over by the Packman’s Grave, descends126 to Tushielaw and, turning upstream at Crosslee, follows the valley to the Shepherd’s birthplace and grave, beside Ettrick Kirk. This out-of-the-world nook in the hills—for the road up Ettrickdale comes to an end a few miles higher, under Ettrick Pen—may be reckoned the heart of pastoral Scotland. The thoughts and the talk of the inhabitants are absorbed in sheep—except what may be reserved for sport, and “auld farrant tales”, and church affairs. Around the Shepherd rest many of his own kin and kind: farmers and herds127, lairds and tenants128, reivers, smugglers, and gypsies—and in this strange mixed company, “Boston of Ettrick”, of the “Fourfold State”, the great preacher and Covenanting129 divine.
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1
enchantment
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| n.迷惑，妖术，魅力 | |
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kin
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| n.家族，亲属，血缘关系；adj.亲属关系的，同类的 | |
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writ
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| n.命令状，书面命令 | |
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auld
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| adj.老的，旧的 | |
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lyrics
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| n.歌词 | |
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moor
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| n.荒野，沼泽；vt.(使)停泊；vi.停泊 | |
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7
wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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8
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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9
hind
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| adj.后面的，后部的 | |
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10
relic
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| n.神圣的遗物，遗迹，纪念物 | |
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11
relics
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| [pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸 | |
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12
cultivation
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| n.耕作，培养，栽培（法），养成 | |
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jurisdiction
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| n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权 | |
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14
debouch
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| v.流出，进入 | |
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15
bower
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| n.凉亭，树荫下凉快之处；闺房；v.荫蔽 | |
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bind
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| vt.捆，包扎；装订；约束；使凝固；vi.变硬 | |
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monastery
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| n.修道院，僧院，寺院 | |
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ridge
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| n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭 | |
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groves
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| 树丛，小树林( grove的名词复数 ) | |
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miller
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| n.磨坊主 | |
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dome
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| n.圆屋顶，拱顶 | |
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monks
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| n.修道士，僧侣( monk的名词复数 ) | |
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patrimony
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| n.世袭财产，继承物 | |
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orchards
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| （通常指围起来的）果园( orchard的名词复数 ) | |
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deform
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| vt.损坏…的形状；使变形，使变丑；vi.变形 | |
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abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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ornament
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| v.装饰，美化；n.装饰，装饰物 | |
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memorable
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| adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的 | |
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legendary
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| adj.传奇（中）的，闻名遐迩的；n.传奇（文学） | |
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reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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fabric
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| n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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nave
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| n.教堂的中部；本堂 | |
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buttresses
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| n.扶壁，扶垛( buttress的名词复数 )v.用扶壁支撑，加固( buttress的第三人称单数 ) | |
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35
choir
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| n.唱诗班，唱诗班的席位，合唱团，舞蹈团；v.合唱 | |
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36
piety
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| n.虔诚，虔敬 | |
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37
gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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38
craftsmanship
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| n.手艺 | |
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39
preservation
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| n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持 | |
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40
ascertained
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| v.弄清，确定，查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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41
westward
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| n.西方，西部；adj.西方的，向西的；adv.向西 | |
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42
cloister
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| n.修道院；v.隐退，使与世隔绝 | |
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43
extolled
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| v.赞颂，赞扬，赞美( extol的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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44
perpendicular
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| adj.垂直的，直立的；n.垂直线，垂直的位置 | |
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45
shafts
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| n.轴( shaft的名词复数 )；（箭、高尔夫球棒等的）杆；通风井；一阵（疼痛、害怕等） | |
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46
aisle
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| n.（教堂、教室、戏院等里的）过道，通道 | |
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47
fabled
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| adj.寓言中的，虚构的 | |
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48
shrine
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| n.圣地，神龛，庙；v.将...置于神龛内，把...奉为神圣 | |
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49
glistened
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| v.湿物闪耀，闪亮( glisten的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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50
vaulted
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| adj.拱状的 | |
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51
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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52
warden
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| n.监察员，监狱长，看守人，监护人 | |
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53
desecrated
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| 毁坏或亵渎( desecrate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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54
slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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55
minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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56
clans
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| 宗族( clan的名词复数 )； 氏族； 庞大的家族； 宗派 | |
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57
reclaimed
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| adj.再生的；翻造的；收复的；回收的v.开拓( reclaim的过去式和过去分词 )；要求收回；从废料中回收（有用的材料）；挽救 | |
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58
factotum
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| n.杂役；听差 | |
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59
inscribed
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| v.写，刻( inscribe的过去式和过去分词 )；内接 | |
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60
conversion
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| n.转化，转换，转变 | |
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61
guardian
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| n.监护人；守卫者，保护者 | |
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62
vassals
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| n.奴仆( vassal的名词复数 )；（封建时代）诸侯；从属者；下属 | |
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63
fray
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| v.争吵；打斗；磨损，磨破；n.吵架；打斗 | |
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64
faction
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| n.宗派，小集团；派别；派系斗争 | |
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65
feud
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| n.长期不和；世仇；v.长期争斗；世代结仇 | |
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66
noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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67
reeked
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| v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的过去式和过去分词 )；散发臭气；发出难闻的气味 (of sth)；明显带有（令人不快或生疑的跡象） | |
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68
nucleus
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| n.核，核心，原子核 | |
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69
tune
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| n.调子；和谐，协调；v.调音，调节，调整 | |
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70
bagpipe
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| n.风笛 | |
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71
reconstruction
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| n.重建，再现，复原 | |
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72
mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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73
adorned
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| [计]被修饰的 | |
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74
turrets
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| （六角）转台( turret的名词复数 )； （战舰和坦克等上的）转动炮塔； （摄影机等上的）镜头转台； （旧时攻城用的）塔车 | |
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75
aspirations
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| 强烈的愿望( aspiration的名词复数 )； 志向； 发送气音； 发 h 音 | |
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76
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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77
engendered
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| v.产生（某形势或状况），造成，引起( engender的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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78
heroism
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| n.大无畏精神，英勇 | |
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79
gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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80
celebrities
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| n.（尤指娱乐界的）名人( celebrity的名词复数 )；名流；名声；名誉 | |
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81
feudal
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| adj.封建的，封地的，领地的 | |
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82
ponderous
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| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
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83
antiquities
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| n.古老( antiquity的名词复数 )；古迹；古人们；古代的风俗习惯 | |
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84
flora
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| n.(某一地区的)植物群 | |
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85
blazoned
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| v.广布( blazon的过去式和过去分词 )；宣布；夸示；装饰 | |
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86
dictate
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| v.口授；(使)听写；指令，指示，命令 | |
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87
inclination
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| n.倾斜；点头；弯腰；斜坡；倾度；倾向；爱好 | |
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88
renowned
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| adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的 | |
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89
bards
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| n.诗人( bard的名词复数 ) | |
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90
triangular
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| adj.三角（形）的，三者间的 | |
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91
survivors
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| 幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 ) | |
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92
cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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93
infantry
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| n.[总称]步兵(部队) | |
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94
fugitive
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| adj.逃亡的，易逝的；n.逃犯，逃亡者 | |
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95
transformations
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| n.变化( transformation的名词复数 )；转换；转换；变换 | |
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96
deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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97
slaughtered
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| v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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98
slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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99
hereditary
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| adj.遗传的，遗传性的，可继承的，世袭的 | |
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100
margin
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| n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘 | |
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101
burrows
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| n.地洞( burrow的名词复数 )v.挖掘（洞穴），挖洞( burrow的第三人称单数 )；翻寻 | |
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102
sanctuary
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| n.圣所，圣堂，寺庙；禁猎区，保护区 | |
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103
ballad
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| n.歌谣，民谣，流行爱情歌曲 | |
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104
wail
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| vt./vi.大声哀号，恸哭；呼啸，尖啸 | |
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105
enchanted
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| adj. 被施魔法的，陶醉的，入迷的 动词enchant的过去式和过去分词 | |
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106
comely
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| adj.漂亮的，合宜的 | |
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107
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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108
odds
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| n.让步，机率，可能性，比率；胜败优劣之别 | |
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109
dens
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| n.牙齿，齿状部分；兽窝( den的名词复数 )；窝点；休息室；书斋 | |
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110
treacherous
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| adj.不可靠的，有暗藏的危险的；adj.背叛的，背信弃义的 | |
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111
authentic
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| a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的 | |
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112
pastors
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| n.（基督教的）牧师( pastor的名词复数 ) | |
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113
secluded
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| adj.与世隔绝的；隐退的；偏僻的v.使隔开，使隐退( seclude的过去式和过去分词) | |
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114
spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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115
descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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116
glide
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| n./v.溜，滑行；(时间)消逝 | |
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117
herded
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| 群集，纠结( herd的过去式和过去分词 )； 放牧； （使）向…移动 | |
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118
scarlet
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| n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的 | |
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119
graveyard
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| n.坟场 | |
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120
extirpation
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| n.消灭，根除，毁灭；摘除 | |
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121
slew
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| v.（使）旋转；n.大量，许多 | |
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122
clump
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| n.树丛，草丛；vi.用沉重的脚步行走 | |
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123
obstructions
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| n.障碍物( obstruction的名词复数 )；阻碍物；阻碍；阻挠 | |
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124
rendezvous
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| n.约会，约会地点，汇合点；vi.汇合，集合；vt.使汇合，使在汇合地点相遇 | |
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125
inscription
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| n.（尤指石块上的）刻印文字，铭文，碑文 | |
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126
descends
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| v.下来( descend的第三人称单数 )；下去；下降；下斜 | |
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127
herds
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| 兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众 | |
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128
tenants
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| n.房客( tenant的名词复数 )；佃户；占用者；占有者 | |
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129
covenanting
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| v.立约，立誓( covenant的现在分词 ) | |
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