And Allah “the mild, the merciful, the compassionate5”—where was he that tragic6 Sunday morning October 7, 1571, when one hundred thousand of his followers7, singularly lacking in his characteristic qualities, stood red-hand in slaughter8! Alas9 for the ideal when fitted to the real: it is shattered; its shimmering10 iridescence11 dies down gray and dead.
To Fight or Not to Fight.
The Ottoman empire, flushed by a long series of successes under Solyman the Magnificent, had grown insolently12 aggressive. The memory of Tours and of Belgrade no longer acted as a deterrent13 to the fierce victors of Constantinople; their eyes were ever turned longingly14 toward western Europe, and their dreams were of bloodshed and victory.
The island Cyprus belonged to Venice, but its situation made it highly desirable as an Ottoman possession; and upon the old principle that might makes right—a principle unfortunately ever retaliatively new—the Turkish forces besieged15 Cyprus. The[93] town Nicosia, capital of Cyprus, fell an easy prey16, and the atrocities17 committed on the defenceless inhabitants horror-thrilled the Christian18 world. Later the town Famagosta after a prolonged and obstinate19 resistance was captured but under circumstances of peculiar20 malignity21. In the words of Prescott: “While lying off Cephalonia Don John received word that Famagosta, the second city of Cyprus, had fallen into the hands of the enemy, and this under circumstances of unparalleled perfidy22 and cruelty. The place, after a defence that had cost hecatombs of lives to the besiegers, was allowed to capitulate on honorable terms. Mustapha, the Moslem23 commander, the same fierce chief who had conducted the siege of Malta, requested an interview at his quarters with four of the principal Venetian captains. After a short and angry conference, he ordered them all to execution. Three were beheaded. The other, a noble named Bragadina, he caused to be flayed25 alive in the market place of the city. The skin of the wretched victim was then stuffed: and with this ghastly trophy26 dangling27 from the yard-arm of his galley28, the brutal29 monster sailed back to Constantinople, to receive the reward of his services from Selim (son and successor of Solyman).”
Submit to that? Wait apathetically30 for the Turks to come to Venice, Rome, Madrid and do in like manner? Well, no; not in the real, whatever may be the ideal. What then? Why, Fight.
Non-resistance: and if thine enemy smite31 thee upon the cheek, turn to him the other also; and if he take thy coat give to him also thy cloak; love your enemies; do good to them that hate you and despitefully use you: and as result, what? Crucifixion. A nation of Christs would be put to death as unjustly as was the Christ of Calvary.
Fortunately or unfortunately—we know not which it may prove to be—only the Tolstoyan few will carry to their logical[94] conclusions the principles of non-resistance; and few, if any, even of the Tolstoyan few, will abide32 by these conclusions and stand calm, kind, compassionate, even under the fatal final Injustice33. The great body of men, of today as of every other day of the long ages of time, defend their rights; and if that defence means that blood must flow,—then let it flow. And all the more freely will blood flow and all the more sternly indomitable will be the strife34 when men feel themselves justified35 as they strike the blow; when they feel themselves called upon to conquer or to die for a cause that they hold just; when they fight elated and fortified36 with the assurance that they stand as bulwarks37 warding38 off the concrete embodiment of all that they hold evil from all that they hold dear and good.
“The bravest are the tenderest,
The loving are the daring.”
Some of the bravest and the tenderest of men have trodden knee deep in human blood. There have been wars just and inevitable39; and what has been may again be. We hope not; we dream not; the Peace Palace of the Hague looms40 spectrally41 on the future horizon; we are looking that way: and at times this Peace Palace seems assertively42 real—ready to cope with armaments and with red-hot wrongs; but again it rises fancifully and floats evanescently away and fades on a gray sky. Is it Mirage43?
The Christian Knight44.
Next in moral excellence45 to the Christian martyr46 is undoubtedly47 the Christian knight.
Chivalry—fair flower of Feudalism, night blooming cereus wide opening in white splendor48 exuding49 fragrance50 in somber51 medi?val midnight! King Arthur and his Table Round; knights52 errant done to death by Don Quixote and yet victors even over the smile; Chevalier Bayard, the knight without fear[95] and without reproach; Richard C?ur de Lion, the Black Prince, Lohengren, Parsifal, Siegfried, Don John of Austria—are flowerets of that Flower caught wax-white in amber53 and fixed54 fadelessly.
In all the sweep of history from Egypt to the hour, there is nothing nobler than the ideal Christian knight. To stand in awe55 of the omnipotent56 God; to go about the world redressing57 human wrongs; to love with young-world love bashfully reverent58, constrained59 to win the world and lay it humbly60 at her feet; to reverence61 truth and to scorn with scorn unutterable all the thousand and one manifestations62 of the lie; to be loyal to king and country and God; to be gentle, courteous63, kind to all life from highest to lowest; to stand face-front to the oncoming forces of evil and in that fight grimly to conquer or die: there is nothing nobler.
And yet not for all the glory of Don John, ideal Christian knight and hero of Lepanto, would I have one little stain of human blood on my white hands.
“New occasions teach new duties;
Time makes ancient good uncouth64.”—Lowell.
Nevertheless he who would sympathetically and justly depict65 the past should be capable of entering into and all round estimating that ancient good now grown uncouth. And whatever the best men of any given age or time or clime unanimously hold as best must, in the deep heart of things, be best for that age or time or clime. The knight, the hero, the Crusader, the victor over the Saracens seemed best to the best men of the Middle Age.
Pope Pius V. earnestly advocated the cause of Venice. He appealed to the Christian monarchs66 of Europe to join with the Holy See in a League having for its object the total overthrow67 of the Ottoman empire. He urged the aggressive policy of the[96] Turks under Solyman the Magnificent and his unworthy son and successor Selim II.; he vividly68 portrayed69 the atrocities of Turkish conquest and the blight70 upon civilization that ever unerringly followed in the wake of the Crescent; and he endeavored by all means in his power to arouse in the hearts of the children of the Church the spirit that had made possible the First Crusade.
All Europe at this time mourned its Christian captives who were languishing71 in Turkish dungeons72 or wasting away as galley slaves. Twelve thousand of these Christian captives were chained to the oars74 as galley slaves on the Moslem ships while the fight Lepanto was raging; their liberation and restoration to freedom formed the purest joy-pearl in the gem75 casket of that joyous76 victory.
Cyprus had just fallen into the hands of the Turks amid scenes of unparalleled barbarity: and against the Turk as the destroyer of civilization and the menace of Christendom all eyes were directed, all hearts beat with desire to avenge77, slay78, destroy: and all these feelings found outlet79, and culmination80 and gratification in the battle of Lepanto, under Don John of Austria, the Christian knight.
Ocean Encounters.
Ocean instability, ocean vastness, ocean majestic81 indifference82 to the pigmy life and death struggles of men throw a magnetic glow over sea fights.
When the bay of Salamis changed gradually from greenish gray to red; when the Ionian sea slowly purpled off Actium, crimsoning83 the frightened barge84 of Cleopatra and of love maddened Anthony; when the waters at the entrance of the gulf85 Lepanto grew blood-red fed by trickling86 streams from five hundred galleys87: did ocean care? The Titanic88 sinks and the billows[97] dash high in foam89 play, they descend90 sportively with her into her grave hole, they arise and roll on: the Volturno blazes on a background of black sky, a foreground of flame-lit angry rolling waves: and does ocean care?
Don John arranged his battle line in a semi-circular stretch of about one mile embracing the entrance to the gulf of Lepanto (now Gulf Corinth). The Turkish fleet lay concealed91 somewhere on the water of the gulf and must come out at the entrance and fight openly or remain bottled up in the gulf until forced out by starvation. Don John knew his adversary92, Ali Pasha, too well to dream that the latter alternative would be accepted by the sturdy Moslem.
Early Sunday morning (Oct. 7, 1571) Don John sighted a line of ships far in the gulf but making steadily93 for the opening. Battle was at hand. Don John, in his flagship, the Real, passed from vessel94 to vessel encouraging and animating95 his soldiers. “You have come,” he said, “to fight the battle of the Cross; to conquer or to die. But whether you are to die or conquer, do your duty this day and you will secure a glorious immortality96.” He then returned to his position in the center of the semi-circle, and in that conspicuous97 position seen by all, he knelt in prayer under the far floating banner of the League. His example was followed by all, and the priests of whom there was at least one if not more on each galley, went around giving the last absolution to the men as they knelt in prayer.
The Ottoman shouts now filled the air as the long line of three hundred galleys arranged as a crescent, paused for a moment at the opening of the gulf. The center of the Christian fleet following Don John advanced to the Ottoman center commanded by Ali Pasha; the left wing under Barbarigo, the Venetian admiral, sought as adversary the opposing wing under Mahomet Sirocco; the right wing under Andrew Doria grappled with the opposing Mohammedan left under Ulrich Ali, dey[98] of Algiers. For four hours the battle raged. So dense98 was the canopy99 of smoke enveloping100 the combatants that neither side knew for a certainty which was winning until the drawing down of the Ottoman banner and the hasty hauling up of the Banner of the League on board the flagship of Ali Pasha made known the result decisively. Shouts then rent the air and groans101.
The Moslem left wing under the brave sea captain Ulrich Ali was engaged in a fierce grappling fight with Doria, and the advantage seemed to be with the Moslems. Don John seeing this, hastened to Doria’s aid. Ulrich Ali, seeing that all was lost, ordered his men at the oars to make all possible speed for escape round the promontory102. The Christian vessels103 gave chase, but the Moslem galleys sped with the speed of the wind and were soon lost to sight. About forty vessels were thus saved out of the three hundred that had taken part in the engagement. Of these one hundred and thirty were seized as prizes by the Christian forces, the rest having been sunk or burned in the fight.
The Ottoman loss is estimated between twenty-five thousand and thirty thousand; that of the Christians104 at eight thousand. The superior marksmanship of the allies and their use exclusively of firearms, while the Turks used in part bows and arrows; the better make and equipment of the Christian galleys—are among the causes to which human reason may attribute the incredible disparity between the Turkish loss and that of the Christians in this engagement. But there are many circumstances peculiar to this battle for which human reason can assign no cause.
It is related on good authority that as the Christian soldiers arose from prayer the wind which had hitherto been blowing steadily from the gulf, suddenly veered105 around and blew right into the faces of the enemy. In the course of the engagement[99] the sun, too, reached the point where its rays shot into the eyes of the Turkish marksmen and caused them to err1 in their aim. Pope Pius V. who, while the battle was in progress, was closeted in consultation106 with a number of cardinals107, in the Vatican, suddenly arose from his seat and approaching the window and casting up his eyes to the heavens exclaimed as tears of joy rolled down his cheeks, “A truce108 to business; our great task at present is to thank God for the victory He has just given the Christians.”
Death of Ali Pasha.
The struggle between The Real, Don John’s flagship, and the galley bearing Ali Pasha was of course pivotal. Each commander felt that upon him and his ship depended the issue of the combat. Both were brave men, both must conquer or die: Don John conquered, Ali Pasha died.
The ships had grappled and a hand to hand conflict was raging upon the decks. Blood slowly trickled109 down the sides of the galleys and the waters were incarnadined.
In the heat of the engagement a musket110 ball struck the head of the Moslem commander. He fell prone111 and lay for some time unconscious upon a heap of the dying and the dead. But suddenly regaining112 consciousness he attempted to rise and was at once recognized by the surrounding Spanish soldiers. They were about to despatch113 him with their swords when the wily Moslem appealing to their natural cupidity114 made known to them the secret hiding place of his ship’s treasure. The lure115 of gold led the soldiers to hasten below leaving their victim to chance life or death on the deck. But just as dear life seemed secured from the ruthless thrust of death, the wounded commander was confronted by a strangely savage116 figure with uplifted sword. It was one of the Christian galley slaves long[100] chained on Ali’s vessel and but that hour given freedom from the hated oar73. In vain did Ali Pasha appeal to this soldier’s cupidity; nothing seemed quite so desirable to him as the death of the man who had so long chained him a galley slave. The threatening sword fell unerringly upon the wounded Moslem chief and buried itself in his heart. With this retributive blow the tide of victory turned decisively in favor of the Christians.
Don John of Austria.
There are few characters upon the historic page more full in promise and yet futile117 in attainment118 than Don John of Austria. The idol119 of all Europe, the knight sans peur et sans reproche, the hero of Lepanto—at the age of twenty-four; he died seven years later in comparative obscurity; a rude hut hastily erected120 to receive the dying commander served as his last resting place upon earth.
As Don John lay in the agony of death, a terrific storm suddenly broke over the camp; and as in the case of Napoleon under somewhat similar circumstances, Don John partly arose, muttered incoherently of battle and victory, then sank back and died. Did the rattle121 of the storm suggest the din24 of battle? Or did vague visions of another storm arise associatively in memory? History relates that tho’ that battle Sunday, Oct. 7, 1571, was a day of ideal autumn brightness, yet when the strife was fairly over and the battered122 galleys with their dead and wounded and sorely wearied men were heavily entering port, a storm suddenly arose: the skies darkened ominously123, lightning flashed from the lowering clouds, thunder reverberated124, and torrential rains poured down. For twenty-four hours the storm continued. Was nature indignantly weeping over the errors and sufferings of her children? Was she striving to wash out from old ocean—the rugged125, primal126, favorite work of her hands—those awful stains of blood?
[101]
As Don John had hastened to port under the gathering127 storm he gave orders that the Moslem galleys rendered worthless by the battle should be stripped of everything of value and then set on fire. And so it was that when safe in port the Christian conquerors128 looking out thro’ the storm saw the burning ships. They luridly129 lit up the darkness and blazed wildly down to the waves—mutely eloquent130 witnesses of the horror and desolation of war.
Did the dulling senses of the hero of Lepanto see that scene, hear that storm—as the winds raged round his temporary shelter and death in blasting splendor closed over all? Or did the fair “castles in Spain” rise again spectrally with light upon them from beyond the grave as the dreamer of royal dreams sank down to the real? That wonderful African empire so near, so far: that beauteous bride, Mary Queen of Scots, liberated131, released, restored by his own good sword; wooed and won and with her the throne of that imperious usurper132 Elizabeth Tudor: that smile of pontiffs, that commendation of Catholic Europe, that proud praise from the lips of his father’s son, Philip II. of Spain—as he, the hero of Lepanto, the champion of Christendom, returned fresh-laureled from new combats and victories, a king, a crowned lover, an Emperor—Dreams!
“Take, fortune, whatever you choose
You gave and may take again;
I’ve nothing ’twould pain me to lose,
For I own no more castles in Spain.”
Don John is buried in the Escorial. His name and fame are inseparably associated with the decisive victory of the Cross over the Crescent off the entrance to the gulf Lepanto.
An admirable painting of this battle The Victory of the League by Titian still adorns133 the walls of the Museo, Madrid.
The petition Mary, Help of Christians inserted on this occasion in the litany of Loretto bears evidence even today of the[102] gratitude134 felt by Pius V. and with him all Christendom for deliverance from the unspeakable Turk.
The historian Ranke speaking of the effects of this battle says: “The Turks lost all their old confidence after the battle of Lepanto. They had no equal to oppose to Don John of Austria. The day of Lepanto broke down the Ottoman supremacy135.”
点击
收听单词发音
收听单词发音 |
1
err
|
|
| vi.犯错误，出差错 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
2
erring
|
|
| 做错事的，错误的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
3
sublime
|
|
| adj.崇高的，伟大的；极度的，不顾后果的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
4
ascends
|
|
| v.上升，攀登( ascend的第三人称单数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
5
compassionate
|
|
| adj.有同情心的，表示同情的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
6
tragic
|
|
| adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
7
followers
|
|
| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
8
slaughter
|
|
| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
9
alas
|
|
| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
10
shimmering
|
|
| v.闪闪发光，发微光( shimmer的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
11
iridescence
|
|
| n.彩虹色；放光彩；晕色；晕彩 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
12
insolently
|
|
| adv.自豪地，自傲地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
13
deterrent
|
|
| n.阻碍物，制止物；adj.威慑的，遏制的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
14
longingly
|
|
| adv. 渴望地 热望地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
15
besieged
|
|
| 包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
16
prey
|
|
| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
17
atrocities
|
|
| n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
18
Christian
|
|
| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
19
obstinate
|
|
| adj.顽固的，倔强的，不易屈服的，较难治愈的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
20
peculiar
|
|
| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
21
malignity
|
|
| n.极度的恶意，恶毒；（病的）恶性 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
22
perfidy
|
|
| n.背信弃义，不忠贞 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
23
Moslem
|
|
| n.回教徒，穆罕默德信徒；adj.回教徒的，回教的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
24
din
|
|
| n.喧闹声，嘈杂声 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
25
flayed
|
|
| v.痛打( flay的过去式和过去分词 )；把…打得皮开肉绽；剥（通常指动物）的皮；严厉批评 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
26
trophy
|
|
| n.优胜旗，奖品，奖杯，战胜品，纪念品 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
27
dangling
|
|
| 悬吊着( dangle的现在分词 )； 摆动不定； 用某事物诱惑…； 吊胃口 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
28
galley
|
|
| n.（飞机或船上的）厨房单层甲板大帆船；军舰舰长用的大划艇； | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
29
brutal
|
|
| adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
30
apathetically
|
|
| adv.不露感情地；无动于衷地；不感兴趣地；冷淡地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
31
smite
|
|
| v.重击；彻底击败；n.打；尝试；一点儿 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
32
abide
|
|
| vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
33
injustice
|
|
| n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
34
strife
|
|
| n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
35
justified
|
|
| a.正当的，有理的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
36
fortified
|
|
| adj. 加强的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
37
bulwarks
|
|
| n.堡垒( bulwark的名词复数 )；保障；支柱；舷墙 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
38
warding
|
|
| 监护，守护（ward的现在分词形式） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
39
inevitable
|
|
| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
40
looms
|
|
| n.织布机( loom的名词复数 )v.隐约出现，阴森地逼近( loom的第三人称单数 )；隐约出现，阴森地逼近 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
41
spectrally
|
|
| adv.幽灵似地，可怕地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
42
assertively
|
|
| 断言地，独断地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
43
mirage
|
|
| n.海市蜃楼，幻景 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
44
knight
|
|
| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
45
excellence
|
|
| n.优秀，杰出，(pl.)优点，美德 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
46
martyr
|
|
| n.烈士，殉难者；vt.杀害，折磨，牺牲 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
47
undoubtedly
|
|
| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
48
splendor
|
|
| n.光彩；壮丽，华丽；显赫，辉煌 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
49
exuding
|
|
| v.缓慢流出，渗出，分泌出( exude的现在分词 )；流露出对（某物）的神态或感情 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
50
fragrance
|
|
| n.芬芳，香味，香气 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
51
somber
|
|
| adj.昏暗的，阴天的，阴森的，忧郁的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
52
knights
|
|
| 骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
53
amber
|
|
| n.琥珀；琥珀色；adj.琥珀制的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
54
fixed
|
|
| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
55
awe
|
|
| n.敬畏，惊惧；vt.使敬畏，使惊惧 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
56
omnipotent
|
|
| adj.全能的，万能的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
57
redressing
|
|
| v.改正( redress的现在分词 )；重加权衡；恢复平衡 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
58
reverent
|
|
| adj.恭敬的，虔诚的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
59
constrained
|
|
| adj.束缚的,节制的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
60
humbly
|
|
| adv. 恭顺地，谦卑地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
61
reverence
|
|
| n.敬畏，尊敬，尊严；Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称；v.尊敬，敬畏，崇敬 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
62
manifestations
|
|
| n.表示，显示（manifestation的复数形式） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
63
courteous
|
|
| adj.彬彬有礼的，客气的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
64
uncouth
|
|
| adj.无教养的，粗鲁的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
65
depict
|
|
| vt.描画，描绘；描写，描述 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
66
monarchs
|
|
| 君主，帝王( monarch的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
67
overthrow
|
|
| v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
68
vividly
|
|
| adv.清楚地，鲜明地，生动地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
69
portrayed
|
|
| v.画像( portray的过去式和过去分词 )；描述；描绘；描画 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
70
blight
|
|
| n.枯萎病；造成破坏的因素；vt.破坏，摧残 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
71
languishing
|
|
| a. 衰弱下去的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
72
dungeons
|
|
| n.地牢( dungeon的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
73
oar
|
|
| n.桨，橹，划手；v.划行 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
74
oars
|
|
| n.桨，橹( oar的名词复数 )；划手v.划（行）( oar的第三人称单数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
75
gem
|
|
| n.宝石，珠宝；受爱戴的人 [同]jewel | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
76
joyous
|
|
| adj.充满快乐的；令人高兴的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
77
avenge
|
|
| v.为...复仇，为...报仇 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
78
slay
|
|
| v.杀死，宰杀，杀戮 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
79
outlet
|
|
| n.出口/路；销路；批发商店；通风口；发泄 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
80
culmination
|
|
| n.顶点；最高潮 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
81
majestic
|
|
| adj.雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，威严的，崇高的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
82
indifference
|
|
| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
83
crimsoning
|
|
| 变为深红色（crimson的现在分词形式） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
|
84
barge
|
|
| n.平底载货船，驳船 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
85
gulf
|
|
| n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
86
trickling
|
|
| n.油画底色含油太多而成泡沫状突起v.滴( trickle的现在分词 )；淌；使)慢慢走；缓慢移动 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
87
galleys
|
|
| n.平底大船，战舰( galley的名词复数 )；（船上或航空器上的）厨房 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
88
titanic
|
|
| adj.巨人的，庞大的，强大的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
89
foam
|
|
| v./n.泡沫，起泡沫 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
90
descend
|
|
| vt./vi.传下来，下来，下降 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
91
concealed
|
|
| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
92
adversary
|
|
| adj.敌手，对手 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
93
steadily
|
|
| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
94
vessel
|
|
| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
95
animating
|
|
| v.使有生气( animate的现在分词 )；驱动；使栩栩如生地动作；赋予…以生命 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
96
immortality
|
|
| n.不死，不朽 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
97
conspicuous
|
|
| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
98
dense
|
|
| a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
99
canopy
|
|
| n.天篷，遮篷 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
100
enveloping
|
|
| v.包围，笼罩，包住( envelop的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
101
groans
|
|
| n.呻吟，叹息( groan的名词复数 )；呻吟般的声音v.呻吟( groan的第三人称单数 )；发牢骚；抱怨；受苦 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
102
promontory
|
|
| n.海角；岬 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
103
vessels
|
|
| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
104
Christians
|
|
| n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
105
veered
|
|
| v.（尤指交通工具）改变方向或路线( veer的过去式和过去分词 )；（指谈话内容、人的行为或观点）突然改变；（指风） （在北半球按顺时针方向、在南半球按逆时针方向）逐渐转向；风向顺时针转 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
106
consultation
|
|
| n.咨询；商量；商议；会议 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
107
cardinals
|
|
| 红衣主教( cardinal的名词复数 )； 红衣凤头鸟（见于北美，雄鸟为鲜红色）； 基数 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
108
truce
|
|
| n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
109
trickled
|
|
| v.滴( trickle的过去式和过去分词 )；淌；使)慢慢走；缓慢移动 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
110
musket
|
|
| n.滑膛枪 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
111
prone
|
|
| adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
112
regaining
|
|
| 复得( regain的现在分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
113
despatch
|
|
| n./v.(dispatch)派遣；发送；n.急件；新闻报道 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
114
cupidity
|
|
| n.贪心，贪财 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
115
lure
|
|
| n.吸引人的东西，诱惑物；vt.引诱，吸引 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
116
savage
|
|
| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
117
futile
|
|
| adj.无效的，无用的，无希望的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
118
attainment
|
|
| n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
119
idol
|
|
| n.偶像，红人，宠儿 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
120
ERECTED
|
|
| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
121
rattle
|
|
| v.飞奔，碰响；激怒；n.碰撞声；拨浪鼓 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
122
battered
|
|
| adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
123
ominously
|
|
| adv.恶兆地，不吉利地；预示地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
124
reverberated
|
|
| 回响，回荡( reverberate的过去式和过去分词 )； 使反响，使回荡，使反射 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
125
rugged
|
|
| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
126
primal
|
|
| adj.原始的；最重要的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
127
gathering
|
|
| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
128
conquerors
|
|
| 征服者，占领者( conqueror的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
129
luridly
|
|
| adv. 青灰色的(苍白的, 深浓色的, 火焰等火红的) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
130
eloquent
|
|
| adj.雄辩的，口才流利的；明白显示出的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
131
liberated
|
|
| a.无拘束的，放纵的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
132
usurper
|
|
| n. 篡夺者, 僭取者 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
133
adorns
|
|
| 装饰，佩带( adorn的第三人称单数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
134
gratitude
|
|
| adj.感激，感谢 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
135
supremacy
|
|
| n.至上；至高权力 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
| 欢迎访问英文小说网 |