A part of the journey was performed in a yet slower fashion, and one which was still richer in its opportunities for seeing both men and things. For we descended5 the Danube on one of those barges7 which ply8 on the river, used mainly for cargo9, but also occasionally for passengers. When I look back upon that part of our expedition I feel some astonishment10 at not only the hardihood of my mother and sister in consenting to such an enter{307}prise, but more still at my own—it really seems to my present notions—almost reckless audacity11 in counselling and undertaking12 to protect them in such a scheme.
Whether any such boats still continue to navigate13 the Danube, I do not know. I should think that quicker and better modes of transporting both human beings and goods have long since driven them from their many time secular14 occupation. In any case it is hardly likely that any English travellers will ever again have such an experience. The Lohnkutscher with his thirty or forty miles a day, and his easy-going lotus-eating-like habitudes is hardly like to tempt15 the traveller who is wont16 to grumble17 at the tediousness of an express train. But a voyage on a Danube carrier barge6 would be relegated18 to the category of those things which might be done, “could a man be secure, that his life should endure As of old, for a thousand long years,” but which are quite out of the question in any other circumstances.
Here is the account which my mother gives of the boat on which we were about to embark19 at Ratisbon for the voyage down the river to Vienna.
“We start to-morrow, and I can hardly tell you whether I dread20 it or wish for it most. We have been down to the river’s bank to see the boat, and it certainly does not look very promising21 of comfort. But there is nothing better to be had. It is a large structure of unpainted deal boards, almost the whole of which is occupied by a sort of ark-like{308} cabin erected22 in the middle. This is very nearly filled by boxes, casks, and bales; the small portion not so occupied being provided with planks24 for benches, and a species of rough dresser placed between them for a table. This we are given to understand is fitted up for the express accommodation of the cabin passengers.”
In point of fact, we had, as I remember, no fellow passengers in any part of our voyage. I take it that nobody, save perhaps the peasants of the villages on the banks of the stream, for short passages from one of them to the other, ever thought of travelling by these barges even in those days. They were in fact merely transports for merchandise of the heavier and rougher sort. The extreme rudeness of their construction, merely rough planks roughly nailed together, is explained by the fact that they are not intended ever to make the return voyage against the stream, but on arriving at Vienna are knocked to pieces and sold for boarding.
“But the worst thing I saw,” continues my mother, “is the ladder which, in case of rain, is to take us down to this place of little ease. It consists of a plank23 with sticks nailed across it to sustain the toes of the crawler who would wish to avoid jumping down seven or eight feet. The sloping roof of the ark is furnished with one bench of about six feet long, from which the legs of the brave souls who sit on it dangle26 down over the river. There is not the slightest protection whatever at the edge{309} of this abruptly27 sloping roof, which forms the only deck; and nothing but the rough unslippery surface of the deal planks, of which it is formed, with the occasional aid of a bit of stick about three inches long nailed here and there, can prevent those who stand or walk upon it from gently sliding down into the stream.... Well! we have determined28, one and all of us, to navigate the Danube between Ratisbon and Vienna; and I will neither disappoint myself nor my party from the fear of a fit of vertigo29, or a scramble30 down a ladder.”
But if the courage of the ladies did not fail them, mine, as that of the person most responsible for the adventure, did! And I find that, on the day following that on which the last extract was written, my mother writes:
“At a very early hour this morning T. [Tom] was up and on board, and perceiving by a final examination of the deck, its one giddy little bench, and all things appertaining thereto, that we should inevitably31 be extremely uncomfortable there, he set about considering the ways and means by which such martyrdom might be avoided. He at last got hold of the Schiffmeister, which he had found impossible yesterday, and by a little persuasion32 and a little bribery33, induced him to have a plank fixed34 for us at the extreme bow of the boat, which we can not only reach without difficulty, but have a space of some nine or ten feet square for our sole use, on condition of leaving it free for the captain about five minutes before each landing. This perch{310} is perfectly35 delightful36 in all respects. Our fruit, cold meat, wine, bread, and so forth37 are stowed near us. Desks and drawing books can all find place; and in short, if the sun will but continue to shine as it does now, all will be well.... Our crew are a very motley set, and as we look at them from our dignified38 retirement39, they seem likely to afford us a variety of very picturesque40 groups. On the platforms, which project at each end of the ark, stand the men—and the women too—who work the vessel41. This is performed by means of four immense oars42 protruding43 lengthwise [i.e. in a fore2 and aft direction], two in front and two towards the stern, by which the boat is steered44. Besides these, there are two others to row with. These latter are always in action, and are each worked by six or eight men and women, the others being only used occasionally, when the boat requires steering45. It appears that there are many passengers who work for their passage [but this I take to have been inference only], as the seats at the oars are frequently changed, and as soon as their allotted46 task is done, they dip down into the unknown region beyond the ark and are no more seen till their turn for rowing comes round again. I presume the labour, thus divided, is not very severe, for they appear to work with much gaiety and good humour, sometimes singing, sometimes chatting, and often bursting into shouts of light-hearted laughter.”
It was a strange voyage; curious, novel, and full of{311} never-failing interest; luxurious47 even in its way, in many respects; which may now be considered an old world experience; which probably has never been tried since, and certainly will never be tried again, however many wandering young Englishmen (of whom there are a hundred now for every one to be met with in those days) might fancy trying it. No danger whatever of the kind which my mother appears to have anticipated threatened any of the party. But the adventure was not without danger of another kind, as the sequel showed.
Of course all the people with whom we were brought into contact—the captain and crew of the boat, the riverside loungers at the landing-places, the hosts and households of the little inns in the small places at which the boat stopped every night (it never travelled save by daylight)—were all mystified, and had all their ideas of the proprieties48 and the eternal fitness of things outraged49 by the phenomenon of a party of English ladies and gentlemen—supposed by virtue51 of ancient and well recognised reputation to be all as rich as Cr?sus, and who were at all events manifestly able to pay for a carriage—choosing such a method of travelling. Nor had English wanderers at that time earned the privilege since accorded to their numerousness, of doing all sorts of strange things unquestioned on the score of the well-known prevalent insanity52 of the race. All who came within sight of us were utterly53 puzzled at the unaccountableness of the phenomenon. And one does not mystify the whole{312} of a somewhat rude population without risking disagreeables of various sorts.
On looking back on the circumstances from my present lofty and calm observatory54, I am disposed to wonder that nothing worse betided us than the one adventure of which I am about to speak. But, as I remember, the people generally were, if somewhat ruder and rougher than an English population of similar status, upon the whole very kindly55 and good-natured.
But at one place—a village called Pleintling—we did get into trouble, which very nearly ended tragically56. The terms upon which we were to be housed for the night, and the price to be paid for our accommodation of all sorts had been settled overnight, and the consciousness that we were giving unusual trouble induced us to pay without grumbling57 such a price for our beds and supper and breakfast as the host had assuredly never received for his food and lodging58 in all his previous experience. But it was doubtless this very absence of bargaining which led our landlord to imagine that he had made a mistake in not demanding far more, and that any amount might be had for asking it from so mysterious a party who parted, too, so easily with their money. So as we were stepping on board the next morning he came down to the water’s edge, and with loud vociferation demanded a sum more than the double of that which we had already paid him. The ladies, and indeed all the party save myself, who was the paymaster, had{313} already gone on board, and I was about to follow, unheeding his demands and his threats, when he seized me by the throat, and dragging me backwards59, declared in stentorian60 tones that he had not been paid. I sturdily refused to disburse61 another kreutzer. The other men, who had gone on board, jumped back to my assistance. But suddenly, as if they had risen from the earth, several other fellows surrounded us and dragged down my friends. The old landlord, beside himself with rage, lifted an axe62 which he had in his hand, and was about to deal me a blow which would probably have relieved the reading world of this and many another page! But my mother, shrieking63 with alarm, had meantime besought64 the captain of the boat to settle the matter by paying whatever was demanded. He also jumped on shore just in time, and released us from our foes65, and himself from further delay, by doing so.
At the next place at which we could go on shore we made a complaint to the police officials; and it is not without satisfaction even after the lapse66 of half a century that I am able to say that a communication from the police in an Austrian town some days subsequently, and after we had crossed the Bavarian frontier, informed us that the old scoundrel at Pleintling had not only been made to disgorge the sum he had robbed us of, but had been trounced as he deserved. I suspect that he had imagined from the strangeness of our party, and our mode of travelling, that there were reasons why we should{314} not be inclined to seek any interview with the officers of the police.
With that sole exception our voyage from Ratisbon to Vienna was a prosperous, and on the whole, pleasant one, varied only by not unfrequently recurring67 difficulties occasioned by shoals and sandbanks, when all hands, save the non-working party in the bow, would take to the water in a truly amphibious fashion to drag the boat off.
But I must not be led by these moving accidents by flood and field to forget a visit paid to the sculptor68 Dannecker in his studio at Stuttgardt. There is in my mother’s book an etching by M. Hervieu of the man and place. I remember well the affectionate reverence69 with which he uncovered for us his colossal70 bust71 of Schiller, as described by my mother, and the reasons which he assigned (mistaken as they appeared to me, but it is presumptuous72 in me to say so) for making it colossal. Schiller had been his life-long friend, and these reasons, whether artistically73 good or not, were at all events morally admirable and pathetically touching74 as given by the old man, while looking up at his work with tears in his octogenarian eyes. I do not think the reproduction of the bust in M. Hervieu’s etching is a very happy one, but I can testify to the full-length portrait of the aged50 sculptor being a thoroughly75 life-like one. It is the old man himself. He died a year or two after the date of our visit.
Uhland too we visited, and Gustav Schwab. Of{315} the former I may say literally76 vidi tantum, for I could speak then no German, and very few words now, and Uhland could speak no other language. And our interview is worth recording77 mainly for the case of the noticeable fact that such a man, holding the position he did and does in the literature of his country, should at that day have been unable to converse78 in French.
Gustav Schwab, though talking French fluently, and, as I remember, a little English also, impressed me as quintessentially German in manner, in appearance, and ways of thinking. He was one of the kindliest of men, contented79 with you only on condition of being permitted to be of service to you, and at the end of half an hour making you somehow or other feel as if he must have been an old friend, if not in your present, at least in some former state of existence.
My journey among these southern Germans left me with the impression that they are generally a kindly and good-natured people. A little incident occurred at Tübingen which I thought notably81 illustrated82 this. The university library there is a very fine one; and while the rest of our party were busied with some other sight-seeing, I went thither83 and applied84 to the librarian for some information respecting the departments in which it was strong, its rules, &c. He immediately set about complying with my wishes in the most obliging manner, going through the magnificent suite85 of rooms with me himself, and pausing before the shelves wherever{316} he had any special treasure to show. All of a sudden, without any warning, just as we were passing through the marble jambs of a doorway86 from one room to another, my head began to swim; I lost consciousness, and fell, cutting my head against the marble sufficiently87 to cause much bloodshed. When I recovered my senses I found the librarian standing88 in consternation89 over me, and his pretty young wife on her knees with a basin of water bathing my head. She had been summoned from her dwelling90 to attend me, and there was no end to their kindness. I never experienced such a queer attack before or since. I suppose it must have been occasioned by too much erudition on an empty stomach!
Our route to Vienna was a very devious91 one, including southern Bavaria, Salzburg, and great part of the Tyrol. But I must not indulge in any journalising reminiscences of it. Were I to do so in the case of all the interesting journeys I have made since that day how many volumes would suffice for the purpose! When calling the other day, only two or three months ago, on Cardinal92 Massaia at the Propaganda in Rome in order to have some conversation with him respecting his thirty-five years’ missionary93 work in Africa, on returning from which he received the purple from Leo XIII., he obligingly showed me the MS. which he had prepared from his recollection of the contents of the original notes, unfortunately destroyed during his imprisonment95 by hostile tribes in Africa, and{317} which is now being printed at the Propaganda Press in ten volumes quarto. His Eminence96 was desirous that it should be translated into English, and published in London with the interesting illustrations he brought home with him, and which adorn97 the Roman edition. But as the wish of his Eminence was that it should be published unabridged (!) I was obliged to tell him that I feared he would not find a London publisher. We parted very good friends, and on taking my leave of him he said, pressing my hand kindly, that we should shortly meet again in heaven—which, considering that he knew he was talking to a heretic, I felt to be a manifestation98 of liberal feeling worthy99 of note in a cardinal of the Church of Rome.
Will the kind reader, bearing in mind the recognised and almost privileged garrulity100 of old age, pardon the chronology-defying introduction of this anecdote101 here, which was suggested to me solely102 by the vision of what my reminiscences would extend to if I were to treat of all my wanderings up and down this globe in extenso?
The latter part of our voyage was especially interesting and beautiful, but tantalising from the impossibility of landing on every lovely spot which enticed104 us. Nevertheless, we at last found ourselves at Vienna with much delight, and our first glimpses of the city disposed us to acquiesce105 heartily106 in the burthen of the favourite Viennese folk-song, “Es ist nur ein Kaiserstadt, es ist nur ein Wien!{318}”
I remember well an incident which my mother does not mention, but which seemed likely to make our first début in the Kaiserstadt an embarrassing one. There was in some hand-bag belonging to some one of the party an old forgotten pack of playing cards, which the examining officer of the customs pounced107 on with an expression of almost consternation on his face.
“Oh, well, throw them away,” said the spokesman of our party airily, “or, if the regulations require it, we will pay the duty, though we have not the least desire to retain possession of them.”
But this we soon found did not meet the case by any means. We had been guilty of a serious misdemeanour and offence against the law by having such things (undeclared too) amongst our baggage! There must be a report, and a written petition, setting forth with due contrition108, and humble109 peccavi admissions, our lamentable110 ignorance, and perhaps the enormity might be condoned111 to a foreigner! After a little talk, however, and the incense112 of a little consternation on our faces, duly offered to the official Jove (who entirely spurned113 any offering of another sort), the said Jove wrote the petition for us himself, carried it somewhere behind the scenes, and shortly announced that it was benignly114 granted: as I believe, by himself! The accursed thing was ceremoniously destroyed before our eyes, and we were free to walk forth into the streets of the Kaiserstadt.
I revisited Vienna two or three years ago, and{319} found that “ein Wien” had become at least three! If the increase and changes of London and Paris have made my early recollections of those cities emphatically those of a former age, the changes at Vienna, though of course smaller in absolute extent, have yet more entirely metamorphosed the character of the place. The abolition115 of the wall, which used to shut in the exclusive little city, and placed between it and the suburbs not only a material barrier, but a gulf116 such as that which divided Dives from Lazarus, has changed the social habitudes and even the moral characteristics of the inhabitants.
In the days of my first visit, now just a little more than fifty years ago, nobody who was anybody would have dreamed of living on the outside of the sacred barrier of the wall, any more than a member of the fashionable world of London would dream of living to the eastward117 of Temple Bar. I think, indeed, that the former would have been more utterly out of the question than the latter. I remember that even in the case of foreigners like ourselves, it was deemed, in accordance with the best advice we could procure118 on the subject, necessary, or at least expedient119, that we should find lodgings120 in the city, despite the exceeding difficulty and the high price involved in procuring121 them. The division of the society into classes, still more marked in Vienna than probably in any other city of Europe, at that time almost amounted to a division into castes; and in the case of the higher aristocracy{320} to have lived in any one of the suburbs would assuredly have involved a loss of social caste.
Mainly this arose of course from the inappellable law of fashion that so it should be. But in part also it probably arose from the little social inconveniences arising from mere25 distance. The society of Vienna at that day—society par4 excellence—was a very small one. Everybody knew everybody, not only their pedigree and all their quarterings (very necessary to be known), but the men and women themselves personally. I forget entirely what were the introductions which placed my mother and her party at once in the very core of this small and exclusive society. But we did find ourselves so placed, and that at once. Probably the general notion in England was then, and may be still, that the aristocratic society of Vienna would be less likely to open its doors to one who had no title whatever to enter them save a literary reputation, than the corresponding classes in any other European capital. But whatever was the “Open Sesame” my mother possessed122, the fact was that all doors were open to her with the most open-handed hospitality. And, as I have said, to know one was, even in the case of a stranger, pretty nearly equivalent to knowing them all.
The by far greater number of this small society of nobles were, as was to be expected, wealthy men; some, more especially the Hungarians, were such even if estimated by English standards. But there were some among them who were very much the{321} reverse. And my opportunities of observation were abundantly sufficient to enable me to perceive without any fear of being mistaken, that the terms of intimacy123 and equality upon which these latter lived with their wealthier neighbours were no whit124 affected125 by their comparative impecuniosity126. One single lady of very noble birth I well remember, who to a great pressure of the res angusta domi added no small spice of eccentricity127; but there was no mansion128 so magnificent that did not open its doors very widely to her. No fête was complete without her. She always wore a turban, and always carried it about with her in her pocket. And I have seen her pause in the midst of a splendid entrance hall, with half a dozen lackeys129 standing around, while she took her turban from her pocket, adjusted it on her head, and changed her shoes.
The ladies of the grand monde in Vienna in those days had the queer habit of writing no notes. Their invitations and the answers to them, and the excuses, or any other communications arising from the social intercourse130 of the day, were all sent by word of mouth by footmen. Whether the highest bon ton required an affectation of not being able to write, I cannot say! But such was the practice.
Another specialty131 consisted in a practice of the young men of the same world. Every man of them retained in his special pay and service one of the (very excellent) hackney coaches of the city, which he always expected to find ready for his service, and the driver of which was trusted by him as much, or{322} more perhaps, than a man is in the habit of trusting his own servant.
The social division between the different castes—between the noble and the non-noble—was absolute in those days; and of course both parties were the losers in sundry132 respects by such separation. But the results were not bad in all respects. One was an exceeding simplicity133 and absence of any affectation of finery or morgue on the part of the noble class, and a corresponding easy-going freedom from the small forms of social ambition on the part of the non-noble. There was among the latter no attempt or thought of attempting to enter the noble society. It was out of the question; and as far as I could see such entry did not appear to be an object of ambition, or the impossibility of it to occasion either heart-burning or jealousy134. In the case of the ladies of the deux mondes, the separation was absolute and without exception. But I was told that in some few cases the young men of the upper class might be seen in the houses of certain of their non-noble fellow-citizens, but never with any reciprocity of toleration. In respect of mere wealth and luxury in the manner of living, there were many bourgeois135 families on a par, and in many cases on far more than a par, with those of the nobles. And no doubt it frequently occurred that the social law which forbade all intercourse between the two septs, was felt to be as inconvenient136 and as much a matter of regret on one side of the barrier as on the other. But, noblesse oblige, and the law was not transgressed137.{323}
In the case of foreigners, however, or at least of English foreigners, we were very soon given to understand that the law in question was not applicable. We were perfectly free to make acquaintances in either world, and some of the most valued friends we made in Vienna, and some of the pleasantest hospitalities we accepted, were found in bourgeois houses. I remember two different instances of a very amusing curiosity on the part of certain noble ladies, which prompted them to avail themselves of our chartered liberty in the matter, for the obtaining of tidings of the ways and manners of the inmates138 of certain houses, which there was no possibility of their ever having an opportunity of observing for themselves. But on ransacking139 my memory for instances of the kind, I must say that all that occur to me, refer to curiosity of the upper respecting the nether140 world; and that I do not recollect94 any vice80 versa cases.
I have said that the rule of exclusion141 as regards all that part of the Vienna world not nobly born was absolute. But if absoluteness can be conceived as ever becoming more absolute, the social law did so in the case of Jewish families. These were numerous, and many of them in respect of wealth, and more in respect of culture, were on a par with the best and highest portion of the Viennese society. I remember one Jewish family in particular, consisting of a widow and her daughter and her niece, with whom we became intimately acquainted, and in whom and whose surroundings we found a level{324} of high culture (taking that word in its largest extension to all that goes to form the idiosyncrasy of a human being), far in advance of anything we met with among their social superiors.
In fact the grand monde of that far distant day in Vienna was frivolous142, unintellectual, and, I am afraid I must say, uneducated to a remarkable143 degree. It had its own peculiar144 charm, which consisted in the most perfectly high-bred tone of manner combined with complete simplicity, the absolute absence of any sort of affectation whatever, and great good-nature. But in all my experience of them there was not to be found a salon145 among them of equal social attraction to that of my above-mentioned Jewish friends.
But all this refers to the social conditions of a day, which, as my recent visits to Vienna have shown me, is one passed away and gone. It belongs to the days when “Vater Franz” was, or, to be accurate, had only two years previously146 ceased to be, the idol147 of Austrian, and especially Viennese loyalty148 and affection. The most striking instances of the devotion of all classes of the population to their emperor were constantly narrated149 to me. I specially103 remember the tale of one occasion, when the emperor had remained shut up in the palace for three or four days—or perhaps the period was somewhat longer—because he had caught a cold. A cloud seemed to have passed over the blue Vienna sky. The occasion of his first drive through the streets of the city after his little indisposition was an ovation150! The people filled the streets, and hung about his{325} carriage. Market women poked151 their faces in at the window to assure themselves that “Vater Franz” was restored to them none the worse for his confinement152. It was, to the best of my remembrance, on every Thursday, at that time, that it had been the emperor’s practice to devote a certain number of hours in the day to receiving any one of his subjects who had notified in the proper quarter a desire to speak with him. But might not some socialist153 or nihilist, or other description of radical154, have easily shot him at one of those entirely unguarded interviews? Aye! but I am writing of half a century ago, before such things and persons had appeared upon the scene. And assuredly the possibility of such a catastrophe155 had never entered into the brain of any man, woman, or child in the Kaiserstadt.
There was one among the many acquaintances we made at Vienna who belonged in nowise to any division of its society, but who was, like ourselves, to be met with among them all. This was old John Cramer the pianist. I took a great liking156 to him. The mingled157 simplicity, bonhomie, shrewdness, and old-world courtesy of the old man delighted me. He was full of old-world stories, generally ending any anecdote of some one of the many notable personages he had known with a sigh, and “Well, peace to his manes!” pronounced as one syllable158, as I have mentioned in an earlier page. For old John Cramer had lived in the days before the schoolmaster had gone “abroad” so widely as in these{326} latter times. The old maestro had just written a monody to the memory of Malibran, then recently lost to the world of music prematurely159. “It is full of feeling,” writes my mother, “and, as I listened to this veteran pianist, as he performed for me his simple and classic little composition, and marked the delicacy160 and finish of his style, unincumbered by a single movement in which the conceptions of a harmonious161 genius are made to give way before the meretricious162 glory of active fingers, I felt at the very bottom of my heart that I was rococo163, incorrigibly164 rococo, and that such I should live and die.”
Another specialty, which in those days gave to Vienna much of the physiognomy which made it different in outward appearance from any other of the great capitals of Europe, and which would not be observed there at the present time, was caused by the heterogeneousness165 of the countries which compose the empire, and the very motley appearance of the specimens166 of all of them which might be found in the capital. A Parisian tells you in France that a provincial167 in the streets of Paris is as recognisable at a glance as if he were ticketed on the forehead. And so he may be to a Parisian. But the eccentricities168 of his appearance are not such as to impart any variety to the moving panorama169 in the streets of Paris as it appears to a stranger. The Breton, the Provencal, the Bearnais makes himself look, when he visits Paris, as much like a Parisian as he can, and flatters himself no doubt that he succeeds perfectly. But Croatians,{327} Bohemians, wild-looking figures from Transylvania might be seen in the streets of Vienna, precisely170 as they might have been seen in their own distant homes. Strange and not a little sinister171 looking groups of Hungarian gipsies, encampments outside and at the foot of the walls, of Bohemian waggoners, caftaned Jews from the distant parts of Galicia, all added to the strangeness and much to the picturesqueness172 of the city. I remember one especial group, the extreme barbarism of whose appearance, incredible filthiness173, and wild, picturesque, but very forbidding physiognomies, particularly attracted my attention. I was told that they were gipsies from Croatia.
On the whole it is—or rather I should say was—evident that one has travelled far eastward to reach Vienna, and the whole physiognomy of the place is modified by that fact.
I am unwilling174 to close this chapter of my Vienna reminiscences without mentioning a lady, whose very exceptional histrionic talent had impressed me as vividly175 as it did my mother, who has given an honourable176 place in her volumes to Madame Rettich. I subsequently became intimate with her very charming daughter in Italy, and it is from her that I learned the fact that her mother had been the first actress to personate Goethe’s “Gretchen” on the stage. Considerable doubt had been felt as to the expediency177 of the attempt. But Madame Rettich made it—not for the first time at Vienna, but at some provincial theatre—with entire success.
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varied
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fore
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entirely
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par
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descended
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barge
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barges
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ply
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cargo
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astonishment
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audacity
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undertaking
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navigate
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secular
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tempt
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| vt.引诱，勾引，吸引，引起…的兴趣 | |
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wont
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grumble
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| vi.抱怨；咕哝；n.抱怨，牢骚；咕哝，隆隆声 | |
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18
relegated
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| v.使降级( relegate的过去式和过去分词 )；使降职；转移；把…归类 | |
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19
embark
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| vi.乘船，着手，从事，上飞机 | |
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20
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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21
promising
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| adj.有希望的，有前途的 | |
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22
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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23
plank
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| n.板条，木板，政策要点，政纲条目 | |
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24
planks
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| （厚）木板( plank的名词复数 )； 政纲条目，政策要点 | |
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25
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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26
dangle
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| v.(使)悬荡，(使)悬垂 | |
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27
abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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28
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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29
vertigo
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| n.眩晕 | |
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30
scramble
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| v.爬行，攀爬，杂乱蔓延，碎片，片段，废料 | |
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31
inevitably
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| adv.不可避免地；必然发生地 | |
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32
persuasion
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| n.劝说；说服；持有某种信仰的宗派 | |
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33
bribery
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| n.贿络行为，行贿，受贿 | |
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34
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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35
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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36
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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37
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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38
dignified
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| a.可敬的，高贵的 | |
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39
retirement
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| n.退休，退职 | |
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40
picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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41
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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42
oars
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| n.桨，橹( oar的名词复数 )；划手v.划（行）( oar的第三人称单数 ) | |
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43
protruding
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| v.（使某物）伸出，（使某物）突出( protrude的现在分词 )；凸 | |
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44
steered
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| v.驾驶( steer的过去式和过去分词 )；操纵；控制；引导 | |
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45
steering
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| n.操舵装置 | |
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46
allotted
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| 分配，拨给，摊派( allot的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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47
luxurious
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| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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48
proprieties
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| n.礼仪，礼节；礼貌( propriety的名词复数 )；规矩；正当；合适 | |
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49
outraged
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| a.震惊的，义愤填膺的 | |
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50
aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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51
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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52
insanity
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| n.疯狂，精神错乱；极端的愚蠢，荒唐 | |
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53
utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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54
observatory
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| n.天文台，气象台，瞭望台，观测台 | |
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55
kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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56
tragically
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| adv. 悲剧地，悲惨地 | |
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57
grumbling
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| adj. 喃喃鸣不平的, 出怨言的 | |
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58
lodging
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| n.寄宿，住所；(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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59
backwards
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| adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地 | |
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60
stentorian
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| adj.大声的，响亮的 | |
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61
disburse
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| v.支出，拨款 | |
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62
axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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63
shrieking
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| v.尖叫( shriek的现在分词 ) | |
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64
besought
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| v.恳求，乞求（某事物）( beseech的过去式和过去分词 )；(beseech的过去式与过去分词) | |
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65
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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66
lapse
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| n.过失，流逝，失效，抛弃信仰，间隔；vi.堕落，停止，失效，流逝；vt.使失效 | |
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67
recurring
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| adj.往复的，再次发生的 | |
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68
sculptor
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| n.雕刻家，雕刻家 | |
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69
reverence
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| n.敬畏，尊敬，尊严；Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称；v.尊敬，敬畏，崇敬 | |
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70
colossal
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| adj.异常的，庞大的 | |
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71
bust
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| vt.打破；vi.爆裂；n.半身像；胸部 | |
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72
presumptuous
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| adj.胆大妄为的，放肆的，冒昧的，冒失的 | |
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73
artistically
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| adv.艺术性地 | |
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74
touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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75
thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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76
literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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77
recording
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| n.录音，记录 | |
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78
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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79
contented
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| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
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80
vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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81
notably
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| adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地 | |
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82
illustrated
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| adj. 有插图的，列举的 动词illustrate的过去式和过去分词 | |
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83
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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84
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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85
suite
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| n.一套(家具)；套房；随从人员 | |
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86
doorway
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| n.门口，(喻)入门；门路，途径 | |
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87
sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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88
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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89
consternation
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| n.大为吃惊，惊骇 | |
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90
dwelling
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| n.住宅，住所，寓所 | |
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91
devious
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| adj.不坦率的，狡猾的；迂回的，曲折的 | |
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92
cardinal
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| n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的 | |
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93
missionary
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| adj.教会的，传教(士)的；n.传教士 | |
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94
recollect
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| v.回忆，想起，记起，忆起，记得 | |
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95
imprisonment
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| n.关押，监禁，坐牢 | |
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96
eminence
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| n.卓越，显赫；高地，高处；名家 | |
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97
adorn
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| vt.使美化，装饰 | |
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98
manifestation
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| n.表现形式；表明；现象 | |
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99
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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100
garrulity
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| n.饶舌，多嘴 | |
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101
anecdote
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| n.轶事，趣闻，短故事 | |
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102
solely
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| adv.仅仅，唯一地 | |
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103
specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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104
enticed
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| 诱惑，怂恿( entice的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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105
acquiesce
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| vi.默许，顺从，同意 | |
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106
heartily
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| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
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107
pounced
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| v.突然袭击( pounce的过去式和过去分词 )；猛扑；一眼看出；抓住机会（进行抨击） | |
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108
contrition
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| n.悔罪，痛悔 | |
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109
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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110
lamentable
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| adj.令人惋惜的，悔恨的 | |
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111
condoned
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| v.容忍，宽恕，原谅( condone的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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112
incense
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| v.激怒；n.香，焚香时的烟，香气 | |
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113
spurned
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| v.一脚踢开，拒绝接受( spurn的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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114
benignly
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| adv.仁慈地，亲切地 | |
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115
abolition
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| n.废除，取消 | |
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116
gulf
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| n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂 | |
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117
eastward
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| adv.向东；adj.向东的；n.东方，东部 | |
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118
procure
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| vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条 | |
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119
expedient
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| adj.有用的，有利的；n.紧急的办法，权宜之计 | |
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120
lodgings
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| n. 出租的房舍, 寄宿舍 | |
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121
procuring
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的现在分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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122
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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123
intimacy
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| n.熟悉，亲密，密切关系，亲昵的言行 | |
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124
whit
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| n.一点，丝毫 | |
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125
affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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126
impecuniosity
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| n.（经常）没有钱，身无分文，贫穷 | |
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127
eccentricity
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| n.古怪，反常，怪癖 | |
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128
mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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129
lackeys
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| n.听差( lackey的名词复数 )；男仆（通常穿制服）；卑躬屈膝的人；被待为奴仆的人 | |
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130
intercourse
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| n.性交；交流，交往，交际 | |
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131
specialty
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| n.(speciality)特性，特质；专业，专长 | |
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132
sundry
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| adj.各式各样的，种种的 | |
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133
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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134
jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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135
bourgeois
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| adj./n.追求物质享受的(人)；中产阶级分子 | |
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136
inconvenient
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| adj.不方便的，令人感到麻烦的 | |
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137
transgressed
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| v.超越( transgress的过去式和过去分词 )；越过；违反；违背 | |
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138
inmates
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| n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 ) | |
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139
ransacking
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| v.彻底搜查( ransack的现在分词 )；抢劫，掠夺 | |
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140
nether
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| adj.下部的，下面的；n.阴间；下层社会 | |
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141
exclusion
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| n.拒绝，排除，排斥，远足，远途旅行 | |
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142
frivolous
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| adj.轻薄的；轻率的 | |
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143
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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144
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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145
salon
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| n.[法]沙龙；客厅；营业性的高级服务室 | |
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146
previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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147
idol
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| n.偶像，红人，宠儿 | |
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148
loyalty
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| n.忠诚，忠心 | |
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149
narrated
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| v.故事( narrate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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150
ovation
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| n.欢呼，热烈欢迎，热烈鼓掌 | |
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151
poked
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| v.伸出( poke的过去式和过去分词 )；戳出；拨弄；与（某人）性交 | |
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152
confinement
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| n.幽禁，拘留，监禁；分娩；限制，局限 | |
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153
socialist
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| n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的 | |
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154
radical
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| n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的 | |
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155
catastrophe
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| n.大灾难，大祸 | |
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156
liking
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| n.爱好；嗜好；喜欢 | |
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157
mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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158
syllable
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| n.音节；vt.分音节 | |
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159
prematurely
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| adv.过早地，贸然地 | |
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160
delicacy
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| n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴 | |
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161
harmonious
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| adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的 | |
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162
meretricious
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| adj.华而不实的，俗艳的 | |
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163
rococo
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| n.洛可可；adj.过分修饰的 | |
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164
incorrigibly
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| adv.无法矫正地；屡教不改地；无可救药地；不能矫正地 | |
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165
heterogeneousness
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| n.heterogeneous（混杂的）的变形 | |
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166
specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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167
provincial
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| adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人 | |
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168
eccentricities
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| n.古怪行为( eccentricity的名词复数 )；反常；怪癖 | |
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169
panorama
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| n.全景，全景画，全景摄影，全景照片[装置] | |
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170
precisely
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| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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171
sinister
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| adj.不吉利的，凶恶的，左边的 | |
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172
picturesqueness
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173
filthiness
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174
unwilling
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| adj.不情愿的 | |
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175
vividly
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| adv.清楚地，鲜明地，生动地 | |
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176
honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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177
expediency
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| n.适宜；方便；合算；利己 | |
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