All these three days the heat was excessive; the sun drew the tar7 from the seams of the ship; the awnings8 were spread fore9 and aft; the decks were kept constantly sprinkled with water. It was during this period that a sad event occurred, though not an unusual one on shipboard. But in order to prepare for its narration10, some account of a part of the ship called the "sick-bay" must needs be presented.
The "sick-bay" is that part of a man-of-war where the invalid11 seamen12 are placed; in many respects it answers to a public hospital ashore13. As with most frigates15, the sick-bay of the Neversink was on the berth-deck—the third deck from above. It was in the extreme forward part of that deck, embracing the triangular16 area in the bows of the ship. It was, therefore, a subterranean17 vault18, into which scarce a ray of heaven's glad light ever penetrated19, even at noon.
In a sea-going frigate14 that has all her armament and stores on board, the floor of the berth-deck is partly below the surface of the water. But in a smooth harbour, some circulation of air is maintained by opening large auger-holes in the upper portion of the sides, called "air-ports," not much above the water level. Before going to sea, however, these air-ports must be closed, caulked20, and the seams hermetically sealed with pitch. These places for ventilation being shut, the sick-bay is entirely21 barred against the free, natural admission of fresh air. In the Neversink a few lungsful were forced down by artificial means. But as the ordinary wind-sail was the only method adopted, the quantity of fresh air sent down was regulated by the force of the wind. In a calm there was none to be had, while in a severe gale the wind-sail had to be hauled up, on account of the violent draught22 flowing full upon the cots of the sick. An open-work partition divided our sick-bay from the rest of the deck, where the hammocks of the watch were slung23; it, therefore, was exposed to all the uproar24 that ensued upon the watches being relieved.
An official, called the surgeon's steward25, assisted by subordinates, presided over the place. He was the same individual alluded26 to as officiating at the amputation27 of the top-man. He was always to be found at his post, by night and by day.
This surgeon's steward deserves a description. He was a small, pale, hollow-eyed young man, with that peculiar28 Lazarus-like expression so often noticed in hospital attendants. Seldom or never did you see him on deck, and when he did emerge into the light of the sun, it was with an abashed29 look, and an uneasy, winking30 eye. The sun was not made for him. His nervous organization was confounded by the sight of the robust31 old sea-dogs on the forecastle and the general tumult32 of the spar-deck, and he mostly buried himself below in an atmosphere which long habit had made congenial.
This young man never indulged in frivolous33 conversation; he only talked of the surgeon's prescriptions34; his every word was a bolus. He never was known to smile; nor did he even look sober in the ordinary way; but his countenance35 ever wore an aspect of cadaverous resignation to his fate. Strange! that so many of those who would fain minister to our own health should look so much like invalids36 themselves.
Connected with the sick-bay, over which the surgeon's steward presided—but removed from it in place, being next door to the counting-room of the purser's steward—was a regular apothecary37's shop, of which he kept the key. It was fitted up precisely38 like an apothecary's on shore, dis-playing tiers of shelves on all four sides filled with green bottles and gallipots; beneath were multitudinous drawers bearing incomprehensible gilded39 inscriptions40 in abbreviated41 Latin.
He generally opened his shop for an hour or two every morning and evening. There was a Venetian blind in the upper part of the door, which he threw up when inside so as to admit a little air. And there you would see him, with a green shade over his eyes, seated on a stool, and pounding his pestle42 in a great iron mortar43 that looked like a howitzer, mixing some jallapy compound. A smoky lamp shed a flickering44, yellow-fever tinge45 upon his pallid46 face and the closely-packed regiments47 of gallipots.
Several times when I felt in need of a little medicine, but was not ill enough to report myself to the surgeon at his levees, I would call of a morning upon his steward at the Sign of the Mortar, and beg him to give me what I wanted; when, without speaking a word, this cadaverous young man would mix me my potion in a tin cup, and hand it out through the little opening in his door, like the boxed-up treasurer48 giving you your change at the ticket-office of a theatre.
But there was a little shelf against the wall of the door, and upon this I would set the tin cup for a while, and survey it; for I never was a Julius Caesar at taking medicine; and to take it in this way, without a single attempt at dis-guising it; with no counteracting49 little morsel50 to hurry down after it; in short to go to the very apothecary's in person, and there, at the counter, swallow down your dose, as if it were a nice mint-julep taken at the bar of a hotel—this was a bitter bolus indeed. But, then, this pallid young apothecary charged nothing for it, and that was no small satisfaction; for is it not remarkable51, to say the least, that a shore apothecary should actually charge you money—round dollars and cents—for giving you a horrible nausea52?
My tin cup would wait a long time on that little shelf; yet "Pills," as the sailors called him, never heeded53 my lingering, but in sober, silent sadness continued pounding his mortar or folding up his powders; until at last some other customer would appear, and then in a sudden frenzy54 of resolution, I would gulp55 clown my sherry-cobbler, and carry its unspeakable flavour with me far up into the frigate's main-top. I do not know whether it was the wide roll of the ship, as felt in that giddy perch56, that occasioned it, but I always got sea-sick after taking medicine and going aloft with it. Seldom or never did it do me any lasting57 good.
Now the Surgeon's steward was only a subordinate of Surgeon Cuticle58 himself, who lived in the ward-room among the Lieutenants59, Sailing-master, Chaplain, and Purser.
The Surgeon is, by law, charged with the business of overlooking the general sanitary60 affairs of the ship. If anything is going on in any of its departments which he judges to be detrimental61 to the healthfulness of the crew, he has a right to protest against it formally to the Captain. When a man is being scourged63 at the gangway, the Surgeon stands by; and if he thinks that the punishment is becoming more than the culprit's constitution can well bear, he has a right to interfere64 and demand its cessation for the time.
But though the Navy regulations nominally65 vest him with this high discretionary authority over the very Commodore himself, how seldom does he exercise it in cases where humanity demands it? Three years is a long time to spend in one ship, and to be at swords' points with its Captain and Lieutenants during such a period, must be very unsocial and every way irksome. No otherwise than thus, at least, can the remissness66 of some surgeons in remonstrating67 against cruelty be accounted for.
Not to speak again of the continual dampness of the decks consequent upon flooding them with salt water, when we were driving near to Cape68 Horn, it needs only to be mentioned that, on board of the Neversink, men known to be in consumptions gasped69 under the scourge62 of the boatswain's mate, when the Surgeon and his two attendants stood by and never interposed. But where the unscrupulousness of martial70 discipline is maintained, it is in vain to attempt softening71 its rigour by the ordaining72 of humanitarian73 laws. Sooner might you tame the grizzly74 bear of Missouri than humanise a thing so essentially75 cruel and heartless.
But the Surgeon has yet other duties to perform. Not a seaman76 enters the Navy without undergoing a corporal examination, to test his soundness in wind and limb.
One of the first places into which I was introduced when I first entered on board the Neversink was the sick-bay, where I found one of the Assistant Surgeons seated at a green-baize table. It was his turn for visiting the apartment. Having been commanded by the deck officer to report my business to the functionary77 before me, I accordingly hemmed78, to attract his attention, and then catching79 his eye, politely intimated that I called upon him for the purpose of being accurately80 laid out and surveyed.
"Strip!" was the answer, and, rolling up his gold-laced cuff81, he proceeded to manipulate me. He punched me in the ribs82, smote83 me across the chest, commanded me to stand on one leg and hold out the other horizontally. He asked me whether any of my family were consumptive; whether I ever felt a tendency to a rush of blood to the head; whether I was gouty; how often I had been bled during my life; how long I had been ashore; how long I had been afloat; with several other questions which have altogether slipped my memory. He concluded his interrogatories with this extraordinary and unwarranted one—"Are you pious84?"
It was a leading question which somewhat staggered me, but I said not a word; when, feeling of my calves85, he looked up and incomprehensibly said, "I am afraid you are not."
At length he declared me a sound animal, and wrote a certificate to that effect, with which I returned to the deck.
This Assistant Surgeon turned out to be a very singular character, and when I became more acquainted with him, I ceased to marvel86 at the curious question with which he had concluded his examination of my person.
He was a thin, knock-kneed man, with a sour, saturnine87 expression, rendered the more peculiar from his shaving his beard so remorselessly, that his chin and cheeks always looked blue, as if pinched with cold. His long familiarity with nautical88 invalids seemed to have filled him full of theological hypoes concerning the state of their souls. He was at once the physician and priest of the sick, washing down his boluses with ghostly consolation89, and among the sailors went by the name of The Pelican90, a fowl91 whose hanging pouch92 imparts to it a most chop-fallen, lugubrious93 expression.
The privilege of going off duty and lying by when you are sick, is one of the few points in which a man-of-war is far better for the sailor than a merchantman. But, as with every other matter in the Navy, the whole thing is subject to the general discipline of the vessel94, and is conducted with a severe, unyielding method and regularity95, making no allowances for exceptions to rules.
During the half-hour preceding morning quarters, the Surgeon of a frigate is to be found in the sick-bay, where, after going his rounds among the invalids, he holds a levee for the benefit of all new candidates for the sick-list. If, after looking at your tongue, and feeling of your pulse, he pronounces you a proper candidate, his secretary puts you down on his books, and you are thenceforth relieved from all duty, and have abundant leisure in which to recover your health. Let the boatswain blow; let the deck officer bellow96; let the captain of your gun hunt you up; yet, if it can be answered by your mess-mates that you are "down on the list," you ride it all out with impunity97. The Commodore himself has then no authority over you. But you must not be too much elated, for your immunities98 are only secure while you are immured99 in the dark hospital below. Should you venture to get a mouthful of fresh air on the spar-deck, and be there discovered by an officer, you will in vain plead your illness; for it is quite impossible, it seems, that any true man-of-war invalid can be hearty100 enough to crawl up the ladders. Besides, the raw sea air, as they will tell you, is not good for the sick.
But, notwithstanding all this, notwithstanding the darkness and closeness of the sick-bay, in which an alleged101 invalid must be content to shut himself up till the Surgeon pronounces him cured, many instances occur, especially in protracted102 bad weather, where pretended invalids will sub-mit to this dismal103 hospital durance, in order to escape hard work and wet jackets.
There is a story told somewhere of the Devil taking down the confessions104 of a woman on a strip of parchment, and being obliged to stretch it longer and longer with his teeth, in order to find room for all the lady had to say. Much thus was it with our Purser's steward, who had to lengthen105 out his manuscript sick-list, in order to accommodate all the names which were presented to him while we were off the pitch of Cape Horn. What sailors call the "Cape Horn fever," alarmingly prevailed; though it disappeared altogether when we got into the weather, which, as with many other invalids, was solely106 to be imputed107 to the wonder-working effects of an entire change of climate.
It seems very strange, but it is really true, that off Cape Horn some "sogers" of sailors will stand cupping, and bleeding, and blistering108, before they will budge109. On the other hand, there are cases where a man actually sick and in need of medicine will refuse to go on the sick-list, because in that case his allowance of grog must be stopped.
On board of every American man-of-war, bound for sea, there is a goodly supply of wines and various delicacies110 put on board—according to law—for the benefit of the sick, whether officers or sailors. And one of the chicken-coops is always reserved for the Government chickens, destined111 for a similar purpose. But, on board of the Neversink, the only delicacies given to invalid sailors was a little sago or arrow-root, and they did not get that unless severely112 ill; but, so far as I could learn, no wine, in any quantity, was ever prescribed for them, though the Government bottles often went into the ward-room, for the benefit of indisposed officers.
And though the Government chicken-coop was replenished113 at every port, yet not four pair of drum-sticks were ever boiled into broth114 for sick sailors. Where the chickens went, some one must have known; but, as I cannot vouch115 for it myself, I will not here back the hardy116 assertion of the men, which was that the pious Pelican—true to his name—was extremely fond of poultry117. I am the still less disposed to believe this scandal, from the continued leanness of the Pelican, which could hardly have been the case did he nourish himself by so nutritious118 a dish as the drum-sticks of fowls119, a diet prescribed to pugilists in training. But who can avoid being suspicious of a very suspicious person? Pelican! I rather suspect you still.
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1
enchanted
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| adj. 被施魔法的，陶醉的，入迷的 动词enchant的过去式和过去分词 | |
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2
puissant
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| adj.强有力的 | |
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3
gale
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| n.大风，强风，一阵闹声（尤指笑声等） | |
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gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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serene
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| adj. 安详的，宁静的，平静的 | |
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7
tar
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| n.柏油，焦油；vt.涂或浇柏油/焦油于 | |
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awnings
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| 篷帐布 | |
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fore
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| adv.在前面；adj.先前的；在前部的；n.前部 | |
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narration
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| n.讲述，叙述；故事；记叙体 | |
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invalid
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| n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的 | |
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seamen
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| n.海员 | |
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ashore
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| adv.在(向)岸上，上岸 | |
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frigate
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| n.护航舰，大型驱逐舰 | |
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frigates
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| n.快速军舰( frigate的名词复数 ) | |
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triangular
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| adj.三角（形）的，三者间的 | |
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subterranean
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| adj.地下的，地表下的 | |
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18
vault
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| n.拱形圆顶，地窖，地下室 | |
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19
penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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20
caulked
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| v.堵（船的）缝( caulk的过去式和过去分词 )；泥…的缝；填塞；使不漏水 | |
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21
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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draught
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| n.拉，牵引，拖；一网（饮，吸，阵)；顿服药量，通风；v.起草，设计 | |
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23
slung
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| 抛( sling的过去式和过去分词 )； 吊挂； 遣送； 押往 | |
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uproar
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| n.骚动，喧嚣，鼎沸 | |
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steward
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| n.乘务员，服务员；看管人；膳食管理员 | |
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alluded
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| 提及，暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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amputation
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| n.截肢 | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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abashed
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| adj.窘迫的，尴尬的v.使羞愧，使局促，使窘迫( abash的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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30
winking
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| n.瞬眼，目语v.使眼色( wink的现在分词 )；递眼色（表示友好或高兴等）；（指光）闪烁；闪亮 | |
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31
robust
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| adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的 | |
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32
tumult
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| n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹 | |
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33
frivolous
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| adj.轻薄的；轻率的 | |
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34
prescriptions
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| 药( prescription的名词复数 )； 处方； 开处方； 计划 | |
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35
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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36
invalids
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| 病人，残疾者( invalid的名词复数 ) | |
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apothecary
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| n.药剂师 | |
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precisely
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| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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gilded
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| a.镀金的，富有的 | |
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40
inscriptions
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| （作者）题词( inscription的名词复数 )； 献词； 碑文； 证劵持有人的登记 | |
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41
abbreviated
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| adj. 简短的，省略的 动词abbreviate的过去式和过去分词 | |
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42
pestle
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| n.杵 | |
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43
mortar
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| n.灰浆，灰泥；迫击炮；v.把…用灰浆涂接合 | |
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44
flickering
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| adj.闪烁的，摇曳的，一闪一闪的 | |
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45
tinge
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| vt.(较淡)着色于，染色；使带有…气息；n.淡淡色彩，些微的气息 | |
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46
pallid
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| adj.苍白的，呆板的 | |
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47
regiments
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| （军队的）团( regiment的名词复数 )； 大量的人或物 | |
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48
treasurer
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| n.司库，财务主管 | |
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49
counteracting
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| 对抗，抵消( counteract的现在分词 ) | |
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50
morsel
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| n.一口，一点点 | |
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51
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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52
nausea
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| n.作呕，恶心；极端的憎恶(或厌恶) | |
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53
heeded
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| v.听某人的劝告，听从( heed的过去式和过去分词 )；变平，使（某物）变平( flatten的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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54
frenzy
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| n.疯狂，狂热，极度的激动 | |
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55
gulp
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| vt.吞咽，大口地吸（气）；vi.哽住；n.吞咽 | |
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56
perch
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| n.栖木，高位，杆；v.栖息，就位，位于 | |
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57
lasting
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| adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持 | |
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58
cuticle
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| n.表皮 | |
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59
lieutenants
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| n.陆军中尉( lieutenant的名词复数 )；副职官员；空军；仅低于…官阶的官员 | |
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60
sanitary
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| adj.卫生方面的，卫生的，清洁的，卫生的 | |
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61
detrimental
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| adj.损害的，造成伤害的 | |
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62
scourge
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| n.灾难，祸害；v.蹂躏 | |
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63
scourged
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| 鞭打( scourge的过去式和过去分词 )； 惩罚，压迫 | |
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64
interfere
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| v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰 | |
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65
nominally
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| 在名义上，表面地； 应名儿 | |
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66
remissness
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| n.玩忽职守；马虎；怠慢；不小心 | |
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67
remonstrating
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| v.抗议( remonstrate的现在分词 )；告诫 | |
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68
cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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69
gasped
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| v.喘气( gasp的过去式和过去分词 )；喘息；倒抽气；很想要 | |
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70
martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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71
softening
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| 变软，软化 | |
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72
ordaining
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| v.任命（某人）为牧师( ordain的现在分词 )；授予（某人）圣职；（上帝、法律等）命令；判定 | |
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73
humanitarian
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| n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者 | |
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74
grizzly
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| adj.略为灰色的，呈灰色的；n.灰色大熊 | |
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75
essentially
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| adv.本质上，实质上，基本上 | |
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76
seaman
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| n.海员，水手，水兵 | |
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77
functionary
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| n.官员；公职人员 | |
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78
hemmed
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| 缝…的褶边( hem的过去式和过去分词 )； 包围 | |
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79
catching
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| adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住 | |
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80
accurately
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| adv.准确地，精确地 | |
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81
cuff
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| n.袖口；手铐；护腕；vt.用手铐铐；上袖口 | |
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82
ribs
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| n.肋骨( rib的名词复数 )；（船或屋顶等的）肋拱；肋骨状的东西；（织物的）凸条花纹 | |
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83
smote
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| v.猛打，重击，打击( smite的过去式 ) | |
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84
pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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85
calves
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| n.(calf的复数)笨拙的男子，腓；腿肚子( calf的名词复数 )；牛犊；腓；小腿肚v.生小牛( calve的第三人称单数 )；（冰川）崩解；生（小牛等），产（犊）；使（冰川）崩解 | |
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86
marvel
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| vi.(at)惊叹vt.感到惊异；n.令人惊异的事 | |
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87
saturnine
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| adj.忧郁的，沉默寡言的，阴沉的，感染铅毒的 | |
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nautical
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| adj.海上的，航海的，船员的 | |
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consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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90
pelican
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| n.鹈鹕，伽蓝鸟 | |
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fowl
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| n.家禽，鸡，禽肉 | |
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pouch
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| n.小袋，小包，囊状袋；vt.装...入袋中，用袋运输；vi.用袋送信件 | |
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lugubrious
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| adj.悲哀的，忧郁的 | |
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vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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regularity
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| n.规律性，规则性；匀称，整齐 | |
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bellow
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| v.吼叫，怒吼；大声发出，大声喝道 | |
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impunity
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| n.(惩罚、损失、伤害等的)免除 | |
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immunities
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| 免除，豁免( immunity的名词复数 )； 免疫力 | |
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immured
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| v.禁闭，监禁( immure的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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100
hearty
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| adj.热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵情的 | |
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alleged
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| a.被指控的，嫌疑的 | |
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protracted
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| adj.拖延的；延长的v.拖延“protract”的过去式和过去分词 | |
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103
dismal
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| adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的 | |
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104
confessions
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| n.承认( confession的名词复数 )；自首；声明；（向神父的）忏悔 | |
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105
lengthen
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| vt.使伸长，延长 | |
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106
solely
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| adv.仅仅，唯一地 | |
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107
imputed
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| v.把（错误等）归咎于( impute的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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108
blistering
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| adj.酷热的；猛烈的；使起疱的；可恶的v.起水疱；起气泡；使受暴晒n.[涂料] 起泡 | |
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109
budge
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| v.移动一点儿；改变立场 | |
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110
delicacies
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| n.棘手( delicacy的名词复数 )；精致；精美的食物；周到 | |
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111
destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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112
severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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113
replenished
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| 补充( replenish的过去式和过去分词 )； 重新装满 | |
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114
broth
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| n.原(汁)汤(鱼汤、肉汤、菜汤等) | |
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115
vouch
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| v.担保；断定；n.被担保者 | |
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116
hardy
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| adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的 | |
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117
poultry
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| n.家禽，禽肉 | |
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118
nutritious
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| adj.有营养的，营养价值高的 | |
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119
fowls
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| 鸟( fowl的名词复数 )； 禽肉； 既不是这； 非驴非马 | |
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