The advertisements of pauperism2 chalked upon the flagging round the dock walls, are singularly accompanied by a multitude of quite different announcements, placarded upon the walls themselves. They are principally notices of the approaching departure of "superior, fast-sailing, coppered and copper-fastened ships," for the United States, Canada, New South Wales, and other places. Interspersed3 with these, are the advertisements of Jewish clothesmen, informing the judicious4 seamen5 where he can procure6 of the best and the cheapest; together with ambiguous medical announcements of the tribe of quacks7 and empirics who prey8 upon all seafaring men. Not content with thus publicly giving notice of their whereabouts, these indefatigable9 Sangrados and pretended Samaritans hire a parcel of shabby workhouse-looking knaves10, whose business consists in haunting the dock walls about meal times, and silently thrusting mysterious little billets—duodecimo editions of the larger advertisements—into the astonished hands of the tars11.
They do this, with such a mysterious hang-dog wink12; such a sidelong air; such a villainous assumption of your necessities; that, at first, you are almost tempted13 to knock them down for their pains.
Conspicuous14 among the notices on the walls, are huge Italic inducements to all seamen disgusted with the merchant service, to accept a round bounty15, and embark16 in her Majesty's navy.
In the British armed marine17, in time of peace, they do not ship men for the general service, as in the American navy; but for particular ships, going upon particular cruises. Thus, the frigate18 Thetis may be announced as about to sail under the command of that fine old sailor, and noble father to his crew, Lord George Flagstaff.
Similar announcements may be seen upon the walls concerning enlistments in the army. And never did auctioneer dilate21 with more rapture22 upon the charms of some country-seat put up for sale, than the authors of these placards do, upon the beauty and salubrity of the distant climes, for which the regiments23 wanting recruits are about to sail. Bright lawns, vine-clad hills, endless meadows of verdure, here make up the landscape; and adventurous24 young gentlemen, fond of travel, are informed, that here is a chance for them to see the world at their leisure, and be paid for enjoying themselves into the bargain. The regiments for India are promised plantations25 among valleys of palms; while to those destined26 for New Holland, a novel sphere of life and activity is opened; and the companies bound to Canada and Nova Scotia are lured27 by tales of summer suns, that ripen28 grapes in December. No word of war is breathed; hushed is the clang of arms in these announcements; and the sanguine29 recruit is almost tempted to expect that pruning-hooks, instead of swords, will be the weapons he will wield30.
Alas31! is not this the cruel stratagem32 of Bruce at Bannockburn, who decoyed to his war-pits by covering them over with green boughs33? For instead of a farm at the blue base of the Himalayas, the Indian recruit encounters the keen saber of the Sikh; and instead of basking34 in sunny bowers35, the Canadian soldier stands a shivering sentry36 upon the bleak37 ramparts of Quebec, a lofty mark for the bitter blasts from Baffin's Bay and Labrador. There, as his eye sweeps down the St. Lawrence, whose every billow is bound for the main that laves the shore of Old England; as he thinks of his long term of enlistment19, which sells him to the army as Doctor Faust sold himself to the devil; how the poor fellow must groan38 in his grief, and call to mind the church-yard stile, and his Mary.
These army announcements are well fitted to draw recruits in Liverpool. Among the vast number of emigrants39, who daily arrive from all parts of Britain to embark for the United States or the colonies, there are many young men, who, upon arriving at Liverpool, find themselves next to penniless; or, at least, with only enough money to carry them over the sea, without providing for future contingencies40. How easily and naturally, then, may such youths be induced to enter upon the military life, which promises them a free passage to the most distant and flourishing colonies, and certain pay for doing nothing; besides holding out hopes of vineyards and farms, to be verified in the fullness of time. For in a moneyless youth, the decision to leave home at all, and embark upon a long voyage to reside in a remote clime, is a piece of adventurousness41 only one removed from the spirit that prompts the army recruit to enlist20.
I never passed these advertisements, surrounded by crowds of gaping42 emigrants, without thinking of rattraps.
Besides the mysterious agents of the quacks, who privily43 thrust their little notes into your hands, folded up like a powder; there are another set of rascals44 prowling about the docks, chiefly at dusk; who make strange motions to you, and beckon45 you to one side, as if they had some state secret to disclose, intimately connected with the weal of the commonwealth46. They nudge you with an elbow full of indefinite hints and intimations; they glitter upon you an eye like a Jew's or a pawnbroker's; they dog you like Italian assassins. But if the blue coat of a policeman chances to approach, how quickly they strive to look completely indifferent, as to the surrounding universe; how they saunter off, as if lazily wending their way to an affectionate wife and family.
The first time one of these mysterious personages accosted48 me, I fancied him crazy, and hurried forward to avoid him. But arm in arm with my shadow, he followed after; till amazed at his conduct, I turned round and paused.
He was a little, shabby, old man, with a forlorn looking coat and hat; and his hand was fumbling49 in his vest pocket, as if to take out a card with his address. Seeing me stand still he made a sign toward a dark angle of the wall, near which we were; when taking him for a cunning foot-pad, I again wheeled about, and swiftly passed on. But though I did not look round, I felt him following me still; so once more I stopped. The fellow now assumed so mystic and admonitory an air, that I began to fancy he came to me on some warning errand; that perhaps a plot had been laid to blow up the Liverpool docks, and he was some Monteagle bent50 upon accomplishing my flight. I was determined51 to see what he was. With all my eyes about me, I followed him into the arch of a warehouse52; when he gazed round furtively53, and silently showing me a ring, whispered, "You may have it for a shilling; it's pure gold—I found it in the gutter—hush! don't speak! give me the money, and it's yours."
"My friend," said I, "I don't trade in these articles; I don't want your ring."
"Don't you? Then take that," he whispered, in an intense hushed passion; and I fell flat from a blow on the chest, while this infamous54 jeweler made away with himself out of sight. This business transaction was conducted with a counting-house promptitude that astonished me.
After that, I shunned55 these scoundrels like the leprosy: and the next time I was pertinaciously56 followed, I stopped, and in a loud voice, pointed57 out the man to the passers-by; upon which he absconded58; rapidly turning up into sight a pair of obliquely59 worn and battered60 boot-heels. I could not help thinking that these sort of fellows, so given to running away upon emergencies, must furnish a good deal of work to the shoemakers; as they might, also, to the growers of hemp61 and gallows-joiners.
Belonging to a somewhat similar fraternity with these irritable62 merchants of brass63 jewelry64 just mentioned, are the peddlers of Sheffield razors, mostly boys, who are hourly driven out of the dock gates by the police; nevertheless, they contrive65 to saunter back, and board the vessels66, going among the sailors and privately67 exhibiting their wares68. Incited69 by the extreme cheapness of one of the razors, and the gilding70 on the case containing it, a shipmate of mine purchased it on the spot for a commercial equivalent of the price, in tobacco. On the following Sunday, he used that razor; and the result was a pair of tormented71 and tomahawked cheeks, that almost required a surgeon to dress them. In old times, by the way, it was not a bad thought, that suggested the propriety72 of a barber's practicing surgery in connection with the chin-harrowing vocation73.
Another class of knaves, who practice upon the sailors in Liverpool, are the pawnbrokers74, inhabiting little rookeries among the narrow lanes adjoining the dock. I was astonished at the multitude of gilded75 balls in these streets, emblematic76 of their calling. They were generally next neighbors to the gilded grapes over the spirit-vaults; and no doubt, mutually to facilitate business operations, some of these establishments have connecting doors inside, so as to play their customers into each other's hands. I often saw sailors in a state of intoxication77 rushing from a spirit-vault into a pawnbroker's; stripping off their boots, hats, jackets, and neckerchiefs, and sometimes even their pantaloons on the spot, and offering to pawn47 them for a song. Of course such applications were never refused. But though on shore, at Liverpool, poor Jack78 finds more sharks than at sea, he himself is by no means exempt79 from practices, that do not savor80 of a rigid81 morality; at least according to law. In tobacco smuggling82 he is an adept83: and when cool and collected, often manages to evade84 the Customs completely, and land goodly packages of the weed, which owing to the immense duties upon it in England, commands a very high price.
As soon as we came to anchor in the river, before reaching the dock, three Custom-house underlings boarded us, and coming down into the forecastle, ordered the men to produce all the tobacco they had. Accordingly several pounds were brought forth85.
"Is that all?" asked the officers.
"All," said the men.
"We will see," returned the others.
And without more ado, they emptied the chests right and left; tossed over the bunks86 and made a thorough search of the premises87; but discovered nothing. The sailors were then given to understand, that while the ship lay in dock, the tobacco must remain in the cabin, under custody88 of the chief mate, who every morning would dole89 out to them one plug per head, as a security against their carrying it ashore90.
"Very good," said the men.
But several of them had secret places in the ship, from whence they daily drew pound after pound of tobacco, which they smuggled91 ashore in the manner following.
When the crew went to meals, each man carried at least one plug in his pocket; that he had a right to; and as many more were hidden about his person as he dared. Among the great crowds pouring out of the dock-gates at such hours, of course these smugglers stood little chance of detection; although vigilant92 looking policemen were always standing93 by. And though these "Charlies" might suppose there were tobacco smugglers passing; yet to hit the right man among such a throng94, would be as hard, as to harpoon95 a speckled porpoise96, one of ten thousand darting97 under a ship's bows.
Our forecastle was often visited by foreign sailors, who knowing we came from America, were anxious to purchase tobacco at a cheap rate; for in Liverpool it is about an American penny per pipe-full. Along the docks they sell an English pennyworth, put up in a little roll like confectioners' mottoes, with poetical98 lines, or instructive little moral precepts99 printed in red on the back.
Among all the sights of the docks, the noble truck-horses are not the least striking to a stranger. They are large and powerful brutes100, with such sleek101 and glossy102 coats, that they look as if brushed and put on by a valet every morning. They march with a slow and stately step, lifting their ponderous103 hoofs104 like royal Siam elephants. Thou shalt not lay stripes upon these Roman citizens; for their docility105 is such, they are guided without rein106 or lash107; they go or come, halt or march on, at a whisper. So grave, dignified108, gentlemanly, and courteous109 did these fine truck-horses look—so full of calm intelligence and sagacity, that often I endeavored to get into conversation with them, as they stood in contemplative attitudes while their loads were preparing. But all I could get from them was the mere110 recognition of a friendly neigh; though I would stake much upon it that, could I have spoken in their language, I would have derived111 from them a good deal of valuable information touching112 the docks, where they passed the whole of their dignified lives.
There are unknown worlds of knowledge in brutes; and whenever you mark a horse, or a dog, with a peculiarly mild, calm, deep-seated eye, be sure he is an Aristotle or a Kant, tranquilly113 speculating upon the mysteries in man. No philosophers so thoroughly114 comprehend us as dogs and horses. They see through us at a glance. And after all, what is a horse but a species of four-footed dumb man, in a leathern overall, who happens to live upon oats, and toils115 for his masters, half-requited or abused, like the biped hewers of wood and drawers of water? But there is a touch of divinity even in brutes, and a special halo about a horse, that should forever exempt him from indignities116. As for those majestic117, magisterial118 truck-horses of the docks, I would as soon think of striking a judge on the bench, as to lay violent hand upon their holy hides.
It is wonderful what loads their majesties119 will condescend120 to draw. The truck is a large square platform, on four low wheels; and upon this the lumpers pile bale after bale of cotton, as if they were filling a large warehouse, and yet a procession of three of these horses will tranquilly walk away with the whole.
The truckmen themselves are almost as singular a race as their animals. Like the Judiciary in England, they wear gowns,—not of the same cut and color though,—which reach below their knees; and from the racket they make on the pavements with their hob-nailed brogans, you would think they patronized the same shoemaker with their horses. I never could get any thing out of these truckmen. They are a reserved, sober-sided set, who, with all possible solemnity, march at the head of their animals; now and then gently advising them to sheer to the right or the left, in order to avoid some passing vehicle. Then spending so much of their lives in the high-bred company of their horses, seems to have mended their manners and improved their taste, besides imparting to them something of the dignity of their animals; but it has also given to them a sort of refined and uncomplaining aversion to human society.
There are many strange stories told of the truck-horse. Among others is the following: There was a parrot, that from having long been suspended in its cage from a low window fronting a dock, had learned to converse121 pretty fluently in the language of the stevedores122 and truckmen. One day a truckman left his vehicle standing on the quay123, with its back to the water. It was noon, when an interval124 of silence falls upon the docks; and Poll, seeing herself face to face with the horse, and having a mind for a chat, cried out to him, "Back! back! back!"
Backward went the horse, precipitating125 himself and truck into the water.
Brunswick Dock, to the west of Prince's, is one of the most interesting to be seen. Here lie the various black steamers (so unlike the American boats, since they have to navigate126 the boisterous127 Narrow Seas) plying128 to all parts of the three kingdoms. Here you see vast quantities of produce, imported from starving Ireland; here you see the decks turned into pens for oxen and sheep; and often, side by side with these inclosures, Irish deck-passengers, thick as they can stand, seemingly penned in just like the cattle. It was the beginning of July when the Highlander129 arrived in port; and the Irish laborers130 were daily coming over by thousands, to help harvest the English crops.
One morning, going into the town, I heard a tramp, as of a drove of buffaloes131, behind me; and turning round, beheld132 the entire middle of the street filled by a great crowd of these men, who had just emerged from Brunswick Dock gates, arrayed in long-tailed coats of hoddin-gray, corduroy knee-breeches, and shod with shoes that raised a mighty133 dust. Flourishing their Donnybrook shillelahs, they looked like an irruption of barbarians134. They were marching straight out of town into the country; and perhaps out of consideration for the finances of the corporation, took the middle of the street, to save the side-walks.
"Sing Langolee, and the Lakes of Killarney," cried one fellow, tossing his stick into the air, as he danced in his brogans at the head of the rabble135. And so they went! capering136 on, merry as pipers.
When I thought of the multitudes of Irish that annually137 land on the shores of the United States and Canada, and, to my surprise, witnessed the additional multitudes embarking138 from Liverpool to New Holland; and when, added to all this, I daily saw these hordes139 of laborers, descending140, thick as locusts141, upon the English corn-fields; I could not help marveling at the fertility of an island, which, though her crop of potatoes may fail, never yet failed in bringing her annual crop of men into the world.
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1
minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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pauperism
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| n.有被救济的资格，贫困 | |
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interspersed
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| adj.[医]散开的；点缀的v.intersperse的过去式和过去分词 | |
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judicious
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| adj.明智的，明断的，能作出明智决定的 | |
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seamen
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| n.海员 | |
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procure
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| vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条 | |
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quacks
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| abbr.quacksalvers 庸医，骗子(16世纪习惯用水银或汞治疗梅毒的人)n.江湖医生( quack的名词复数 )；江湖郎中；（鸭子的）呱呱声v.（鸭子）发出嘎嘎声( quack的第三人称单数 ) | |
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prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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indefatigable
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| adj.不知疲倦的，不屈不挠的 | |
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knaves
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| n.恶棍，无赖( knave的名词复数 )；（纸牌中的）杰克 | |
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tars
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| 焦油，沥青，柏油( tar的名词复数 ) | |
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wink
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| n.眨眼，使眼色，瞬间；v.眨眼，使眼色，闪烁 | |
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tempted
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| v.怂恿（某人）干不正当的事；冒…的险（tempt的过去分词） | |
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conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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embark
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| vi.乘船，着手，从事，上飞机 | |
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marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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frigate
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| n.护航舰，大型驱逐舰 | |
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enlistment
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| n.应征入伍，获得，取得 | |
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enlist
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| vt.谋取(支持等)，赢得；征募；vi.入伍 | |
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dilate
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| vt.使膨胀，使扩大 | |
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rapture
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| n.狂喜；全神贯注；着迷；v.使狂喜 | |
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regiments
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| （军队的）团( regiment的名词复数 )； 大量的人或物 | |
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adventurous
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| adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的 | |
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plantations
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| n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 ) | |
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destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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lured
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| 吸引，引诱（lure的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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ripen
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| vt.使成熟；vi.成熟 | |
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sanguine
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| adj.充满希望的，乐观的，血红色的 | |
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wield
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| vt.行使，运用，支配；挥，使用(武器等) | |
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alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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stratagem
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| n.诡计，计谋 | |
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boughs
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| 大树枝( bough的名词复数 ) | |
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basking
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| v.晒太阳，取暖( bask的现在分词 )；对…感到乐趣；因他人的功绩而出名；仰仗…的余泽 | |
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bowers
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| n.（女子的）卧室( bower的名词复数 )；船首锚；阴凉处；鞠躬的人 | |
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sentry
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| n.哨兵，警卫 | |
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bleak
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| adj.(天气)阴冷的；凄凉的；暗淡的 | |
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groan
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| vi./n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音 | |
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39
emigrants
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| n.（从本国移往他国的）移民( emigrant的名词复数 ) | |
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contingencies
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| n.偶然发生的事故，意外事故( contingency的名词复数 )；以备万一 | |
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adventurousness
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42
gaping
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| adj.口的；张口的；敞口的；多洞穴的v.目瞪口呆地凝视( gape的现在分词 )；张开，张大 | |
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privily
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| adv.暗中，秘密地 | |
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rascals
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| 流氓( rascal的名词复数 )； 无赖； （开玩笑说法）淘气的人（尤指小孩）； 恶作剧的人 | |
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45
beckon
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| v.(以点头或打手势)向...示意，召唤 | |
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commonwealth
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| n.共和国，联邦，共同体 | |
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pawn
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| n.典当，抵押，小人物，走卒；v.典当，抵押 | |
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48
accosted
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| v.走过去跟…讲话( accost的过去式和过去分词 )；跟…搭讪；（乞丐等）上前向…乞讨；（妓女等）勾搭 | |
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49
fumbling
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| n. 摸索,漏接 v. 摸索,摸弄,笨拙的处理 | |
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50
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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51
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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52
warehouse
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| n.仓库；vt.存入仓库 | |
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53
furtively
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| adv. 偷偷地, 暗中地 | |
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54
infamous
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| adj.声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的，邪恶的 | |
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55
shunned
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| v.避开，回避，避免( shun的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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56
pertinaciously
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| adv.坚持地；固执地；坚决地；执拗地 | |
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57
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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58
absconded
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| v.（尤指逃避逮捕）潜逃，逃跑( abscond的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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59
obliquely
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| adv.斜； 倾斜； 间接； 不光明正大 | |
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60
battered
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| adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损 | |
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61
hemp
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| n.大麻；纤维 | |
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62
irritable
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| adj.急躁的；过敏的；易怒的 | |
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63
brass
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| n.黄铜；黄铜器，铜管乐器 | |
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64
jewelry
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| n.（jewllery）（总称）珠宝 | |
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65
contrive
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| vt.谋划，策划；设法做到；设计，想出 | |
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66
vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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67
privately
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| adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地 | |
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68
wares
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| n. 货物, 商品 | |
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69
incited
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| 刺激，激励，煽动( incite的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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70
gilding
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| n.贴金箔，镀金 | |
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71
tormented
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| 饱受折磨的 | |
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72
propriety
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| n.正当行为；正当；适当 | |
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73
vocation
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| n.职业，行业 | |
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74
pawnbrokers
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| n.当铺老板( pawnbroker的名词复数 ) | |
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75
gilded
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| a.镀金的，富有的 | |
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76
emblematic
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| adj.象征的，可当标志的；象征性 | |
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77
intoxication
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| n.wild excitement;drunkenness；poisoning | |
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78
jack
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| n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克 | |
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79
exempt
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| adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者 | |
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80
savor
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| vt.品尝，欣赏；n.味道，风味；情趣，趣味 | |
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81
rigid
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| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
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82
smuggling
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| n.走私 | |
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83
adept
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| adj.老练的，精通的 | |
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84
evade
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| vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避 | |
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85
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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86
bunks
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| n.（车、船等倚壁而设的）铺位( bunk的名词复数 )；空话，废话v.（车、船等倚壁而设的）铺位( bunk的第三人称单数 )；空话，废话 | |
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87
premises
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| n.建筑物，房屋 | |
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88
custody
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| n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留 | |
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89
dole
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| n.救济，（失业）救济金；vt.（out）发放，发给 | |
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90
ashore
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| adv.在(向)岸上，上岸 | |
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91
smuggled
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| 水货 | |
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vigilant
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| adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的 | |
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93
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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94
throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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95
harpoon
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| n.鱼叉；vt.用鱼叉叉，用鱼叉捕获 | |
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96
porpoise
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| n.鼠海豚 | |
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97
darting
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| v.投掷，投射( dart的现在分词 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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poetical
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| adj.似诗人的；诗一般的；韵文的；富有诗意的 | |
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99
precepts
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| n.规诫，戒律，箴言( precept的名词复数 ) | |
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100
brutes
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| 兽( brute的名词复数 )； 畜生； 残酷无情的人； 兽性 | |
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101
sleek
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| adj.光滑的，井然有序的；v.使光滑，梳拢 | |
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102
glossy
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| adj.平滑的；有光泽的 | |
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103
ponderous
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| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
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104
hoofs
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| n.（兽的）蹄，马蹄( hoof的名词复数 )v.（兽的）蹄，马蹄( hoof的第三人称单数 ) | |
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105
docility
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| n.容易教，易驾驶，驯服 | |
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106
rein
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| n.疆绳，统治，支配；vt.以僵绳控制，统治 | |
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107
lash
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| v.系牢；鞭打；猛烈抨击；n.鞭打；眼睫毛 | |
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108
dignified
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| a.可敬的，高贵的 | |
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109
courteous
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| adj.彬彬有礼的，客气的 | |
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110
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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111
derived
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| vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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112
touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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113
tranquilly
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| adv. 宁静地 | |
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114
thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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115
toils
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| 网 | |
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116
indignities
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| n.侮辱，轻蔑( indignity的名词复数 ) | |
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117
majestic
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| adj.雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，威严的，崇高的 | |
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118
magisterial
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| adj.威风的，有权威的；adv.威严地 | |
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119
majesties
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| n.雄伟( majesty的名词复数 )；庄严；陛下；王权 | |
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120
condescend
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| v.俯就，屈尊；堕落，丢丑 | |
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121
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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122
stevedores
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| n.码头装卸工人，搬运工( stevedore的名词复数 ) | |
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123
quay
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| n.码头，靠岸处 | |
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124
interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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125
precipitating
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| adj.急落的，猛冲的v.（突如其来地）使发生( precipitate的现在分词 )；促成；猛然摔下；使沉淀 | |
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126
navigate
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| v.航行，飞行；导航，领航 | |
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127
boisterous
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| adj.喧闹的，欢闹的 | |
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128
plying
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| v.使用（工具）( ply的现在分词 )；经常供应（食物、饮料）；固定往来；经营生意 | |
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129
highlander
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| n.高地的人，苏格兰高地地区的人 | |
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130
laborers
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| n.体力劳动者，工人( laborer的名词复数 )；（熟练工人的）辅助工 | |
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131
buffaloes
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| n.水牛（分非洲水牛和亚洲水牛两种）( buffalo的名词复数 )；（南非或北美的）野牛；威胁；恐吓 | |
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132
beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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133
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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134
barbarians
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| n.野蛮人( barbarian的名词复数 )；外国人；粗野的人；无教养的人 | |
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135
rabble
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| n.乌合之众，暴民；下等人 | |
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136
capering
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| v.跳跃，雀跃( caper的现在分词 )；蹦蹦跳跳 | |
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137
annually
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| adv.一年一次，每年 | |
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138
embarking
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| 乘船( embark的现在分词 )； 装载； 从事 | |
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139
hordes
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| n.移动着的一大群( horde的名词复数 )；部落 | |
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140
descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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141
locusts
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| n.蝗虫( locust的名词复数 )；贪吃的人；破坏者；槐树 | |
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