The charge of the 21st Lancers had been costly8, but it was not ineffective. The consequent retirement9 of the Dervish brigade protecting the extreme right exposed their line of retreat. The cavalry10 were resolved to take full advantage of the position they had paid so much to gain, and while the second attack was at its height we were already trotting12 over the plain towards the long lines of fugitives13 who streamed across it. With the experience of the past hour in our minds, and with the great numbers of the enemy in our front, it seemed to many that a bloody14 day lay before us. But we had not gone far when individual Dervishes began to walk towards the advancing squadrons, throwing down their weapons, holding up their hands, and imploring15 mercy.
As soon as it was apparent that the surrender of individuals was accepted, the Dervishes began to come in and lay down their arms—at first by twos and threes, then by dozens, and finally by scores. Meanwhile those who were still intent on flight made a wide detour16 to avoid the cavalry, and streamed past our front at a mile's distance in uninterrupted succession. The disarming17 and escorting of the prisoners delayed our advance, and many thousands of Dervishes escaped from the field. But the position of the cavalry and the pressure they exerted shouldered the routed army out into the desert, so that retiring they missed the city of Omdurman altogether, and, disregarding the Khalifa's summons to defend it and the orders of their Emirs; continued their flight to the south. To harry18 and annoy the fugitives a few troops were dismounted with carbines, and a constant fire was made on such as did not attempt to come in and surrender. Yet the crowds continued to run the gauntlet, and at least 20,000 men made good their escape. Many of these were still vicious, and replied to our fire with bullets, fortunately at very long range. It would have been madness for 300 Lancers to gallop19 in among such masses, and we had to be content with the results of the carbine fire.
While all this had been going on, the advance of the army on Omdurman was continuing. Nor was it long before we saw the imposing20 array of infantry21 topping the sandhills near Surgham and flooding out into the plain which lay between them and the city. High over the centre brigade flew the Black Flag of the Khalifa, and underneath22 a smaller flash of red marked the position of the Headquarters Staff. The black masses of men continued to move slowly across the open ground while we fired at the flying Arabs, and at twelve o'clock we saw them halt near the river about three miles from the city. Orders now reached us to join them, and as the sun was hot, the day dragged, all were tired and hungry, and the horses needed water, we were not long in complying, and the remnants of the Dervish army made good their retreat unmolested.
We marched back to the Nile. The whole force had halted to drink, to eat, and to rest at Khor Shambat. The scene was striking. Imagine a six hundred yards stretch of the Suez Canal. Both banks are crowded with brown- or chocolate-clad figures. The northern side is completely covered with the swarming23 infantry of the British division. Thousands of animals—the horses of the cavalry, the artillery25 mules26, the transport camels—fill the spaces and the foreground. Multitudes of khaki-clad men are sitting in rows on the slopes. Hundreds are standing27 by the brim or actually in the red muddy water. All are drinking deeply. Two or three carcasses, lying in the shallows, show that the soldiers are thirsty rather than particular. On all sides water-bottles are being filled from the welcome Nile, which has come into the desert to refresh the weary animals and men.
During the attack on MacDonald's brigade the Egyptian cavalry had watched from their position on the southern slopes of the Kerreri Hills, ready to intervene, if necessary, and support the infantry by a charge. As soon as the Dervish onsets28 had ended and the whole mass had begun to retreat, Broadwood's cavalry brigade formed in two lines, of four and of five squadrons respectively, and advanced in pursuit—first west for two miles, and then south-west for three miles more towards the Round-topped Hill. Like the 21st Lancers, they were delayed by many Dcrvishes who threw down their arms and surrendered, and whom it was necessary to escort to the river. But as they drew nearer the mass of the routed army, it became apparent that the spirit of the enemy was by no means broken. Stubborn men fired continually as they lay wounded, refusing to ask for quarter—doubting, perhaps, that it would be granted. Under every bush that gave protection from the lances of the horsemen little groups collected to make a desperate stand. Solitary29 spearmen awaited unflinching the charge of a whole squadron. Men who had feigned30 death sprang up to fire an unexpected shot. The cavalry began to suffer occasional casualties. In proportion as they advanced the resistance of the enemy increased. The direct pursuit had soon to be abandoned, but in the hope of intercepting31 some part of the retreating mob Major Le Gallais, who commanded the three leading squadrons, changed direction towards the river, and, galloping32 nearly parallel to Khor Shambat, charged and cut into the tail of the enemy's disordered array. The Arabs, however, stood their ground, and, firing their rifles wildly in all directions, killed and wounded a good many horses and men, so that the squadrons were content to bring up their right still more, and finally to ride out of the hornet swarm24, into which they had plunged33, towards Surgham Hill. The pursuit was then suspended, and the Egyptian cavalry joined the rest of the army by the Nile.
It was not until four o'clock that the cavalry received orders to ride round the outside of the city and harry such as should seek to escape. The Egyptian squadrons and the 21st Lancers started forthwith, and, keeping about a mile from the houses of the suburbs, proceeded to make the circle of the town. The infantry had already entered it, as was evident from a continual patter of shots and an occasional rattle34 of the Maxim35 guns. The leading Soudanese brigade—Maxwell's—had moved from Khor Shambat at 2.30, formed in line of company columns and in the following order:—
^ Direction of Advance ^
Soudanese Soudanese Egyptians Field Battery Soudanese
The Sirdar, attended by his whole Staff, with the Black Flag of the Khalifa carried behind him and accompanied by the band of the XIth Soudanese, rode in front of the XIVth battalion37. The regiments38 were soon enveloped40 by the numberless houses of the suburbs and divided by the twisting streets; but the whole brigade pressed forward on a broad front. Behind followed the rest of the army—battalion after battalion, brigade after brigade—until all, swallowed up by the maze41 of mud houses, were filling the open spaces and blocking and choking the streets and alleys42 with solid masses of armed men, who marched or pushed their way up to the great wall.
For two miles the progress through the suburbs continued, and the General, hurrying on with his Staff, soon found himself, with the band, the Maxims, and the artillery, at the foot of the great wall. Several hundred Dervishes had gathered for its defence; but the fact that no banquette had been made on which they could stand to fire prevented their resistance from being effective. A few ill-aimed shots were, however, fired, to which the Maxim guns replied with vigour43. In a quarter of an hour the wall was cleared. The Sirdar then posted two guns of the 32nd Field Battery at its northern angle, and then, accompanied by the remaining four guns and the XIVth Soudanese, turned eastwards44 and rode along the foot of the wall towards the river, seeking some means of entry into the inner city. The breach45 made by the gunboats was found temporarily blocked by wooden doors, but the main gate was open, and through this the General passed into the heart of Omdurman. Within the wall the scenes were more terrible than in the suburbs. The effects of the bombardment were evident on every side. Women and children lay frightfully mangled46 in the roadway. At one place a whole family had been crushed by a projectile47. Dead Dervishes, already in the fierce heat beginning to decompose48, dotted the ground. The houses were crammed49 with wounded. Hundreds of decaying carcasses of animals filled the air with a sickening smell. Here, as without the wall, the anxious inhabitants renewed their protestations of loyalty50 and welcome; and interpreters, riding down the narrow alleys, proclaimed the merciful conditions of the conquerors51 and called on the people to lay down their arms. Great piles of surrendered weapons rose in the streets, guarded by Soudanese soldiers. Many Arabs sought clemency52; but there were others who disdained53 it; and the whirring of the Maxims, the crashes of the volleys, and a continual dropping fire attested54 that there was fighting in all parts of the city into which the columns had penetrated55. All Dervishes who did not immediately surrender were shot or bayoneted, and bullets whistled at random56 along or across the streets. But while women crowded round his horse, while sullen57 men filed carefully from houses, while beaten warriors cast their spears on the ground and others, still resisting, were despatched in corners, the Sirdar rode steadily58 onward59 through the confusion, the stench, and the danger, until he reached the Mahdi's Tomb.
At the mosque60 two fanatics61 charged the Soudanese escort, and each killed or badly wounded a soldier before he was shot. The day was now far spent, and it was dusk when the prison was reached. The General was the first to enter that foul62 and gloomy den5. Charles Neufeld and some thirty heavily shackled63 prisoners were released. Neufeld, who was placed on a pony64, seemed nearly mad with delight, and talked and gesticulated with queer animation65. 'Thirteen years,' he said to his rescuer, 'have I waited for this day.' From the prison, as it was now dark, the Sirdar rode to the great square in front of the mosque, in which his headquarters were established, and where both British brigades were already bivouacking. The rest of the army settled down along the roadways through the suburbs, and only Maxwell's brigade remained in the city to complete the establishment of law and order—a business which was fortunately hidden by the shades of night.
While the Sirdar with the infantry of the army was taking possession of Omdurman, the British and Egyptian cavalry had moved round to the west of the city. There for nearly two hours we waited, listening to the dropping fusillade which could be heard within the great wall and wondering what was happening. Large numbers of Dervishes and Arabs, who, laying aside their jibbas, had ceased to be Dervishes, appeared among the houses at the edge of the suburbs. Several hundreds of these, with two or three Emirs, came out to make their submission66; and we were presently so loaded with spears and swords that it was impossible to carry them, and many interesting trophies67 had to be destroyed. It was just getting dark when suddenly Colonel Slatin galloped68 up. The Khalifa had fled! The Egyptian cavalry were at once to pursue him. The 21st Lancers must await further orders. Slatin appeared very much in earnest. He talked with animated69 manner to Colonel Broadwood, questioned two of the surrendered Emirs closely, and hurried off into the dusk, while the Egyptian squadrons, mounting, also rode away at a trot11.
It was not for some hours after he had left the field of battle that Abdullah realised that his army had not obeyed his summons, but were continuing their retreat, and that only a few hundred Dervishes remained for the defence of the city. He seems, if we judge from the accounts of his personal servant, an Abyssinian boy, to have faced the disasters that had overtaken him with singular composure. He rested until two o'clock, when he ate some food. Thereafter he repaired to the Tomb, and in that ruined shrine70, amid the wreckage71 of the shell-fire, the defeated sovereign appealed to the spirit of Mohammed Ahmed to help him in his sore distress72. It was the last prayer ever offered over the Mahdi's grave. The celestial73 counsels seem to have been in accord with the dictates74 of common-sense, and at four o'clock the Khalifa, hearing that the Sirdar was already entering the city, and that the English cavalry were on the parade ground to the west, mounted a small donkey, and, accompanied by his principal wife, a Greek nun75 as a hostage, and a few attendants, rode leisurely76 off towards the south. Eight miles from Omdurman a score of swift camels awaited him, and on these he soon reached the main body of his routed army. Here he found many disheartened friends; but the fact that, in this evil plight77, he found any friends at all must be recorded in his favour and in that of his subjects. When he arrived he had no escort—was, indeed, unarmed. The fugitives had good reason to be savage78. Their leaders had led them only to their ruin. To cut the throat of this one man who was the cause of all their sufferings was as easy as they would have thought it innocent. Yet none assailed79 him. The tyrant80, the oppressor, the scourge81 of the Soudan, the hypocrite, the abominated82 Khalifa; the embodiment, as he has been depicted83 to European eyes, of all the vices84; the object, as he was believed in England, of his people's bitter hatred85, found safety and welcome among his flying soldiers. The surviving Emirs hurried to his side. Many had gone down on the fatal plain. Osman Azrak, the valiant86 Bishara, Yakub, and scores whose strange names have not obscured these pages, but who were, nevertheless, great men of war, lay staring up at the stars. Yet those who remained never wavered in their allegiance. Ali-Wad-Helu, whose leg had been shattered by a shell splinter, was senseless with pain; but the Sheikh-ed-Din, the astute87 Osman Digna, Ibrahim Khalil, who withstood the charge of the 21st Lancers, and others of less note rallied to the side of the appointed successor of Mohammed Ahmed, and did not, even in this extremity88, abandon his cause. And so all hurried on through the gathering89 darkness, a confused and miserable90 multitude—dejected warriors still preserving their trashy rifles, and wounded men hobbling pitifully along; camels and donkeys laden91 with household goods; women crying, panting, dragging little children; all in thousands—nearly 30,000 altogether; with little food and less water to sustain them; the desert before them, the gunboats on the Nile, and behind the rumours92 of pursuit and a broad trail of dead and dying to mark the path of flight.
Meanwhile the Egyptian cavalry had already started on their fruitless errand. The squadrons were greatly reduced in numbers. The men carried food to suffice till morning, the horses barely enough to last till noon. To supplement this slender provision a steamer had been ordered up the river to meet them the next day with fresh supplies. The road by the Nile was choked with armed Dervishes, and to avoid these dangerous fugitives the column struck inland and marched southward towards some hills whose dark outline showed against the sky. The unknown ground was difficult and swampy93. At times the horses floundered to their girths in wet sand; at others rocky khors obstructed94 the march; horses and camels blundered and fell. The darkness complicated the confusion. At about ten o'clock Colonel Broadwood decided95 to go no further till there was more light. He therefore drew off the column towards the desert, and halted on a comparatively dry spot. Some muddy pools, which were luckily discovered, enabled the bottles to be filled and the horses to be watered. Then, having posted many sentries96, the exhausted97 pursuers slept, waking from time to time to listen to the intermittent98 firing which was still audible, both from the direction of Omdurman and from that in which the Dervish army was flying.
At 3 A.M. on the 3rd Colonel Broadwood's force moved on again. Men and horses seemed refreshed, and by the aid of a bright moon the ground was covered at a good pace. By seven o'clock the squadrons approached the point on the river which had been fixed99 for meeting the steamer. She had already arrived, and the sight of the funnel100 in the distance and the anticipation101 of a good meal cheered everyone, for they had scarcely had anything to eat since the night before the battle. But as the troopers drew nearer it became evident that 300 yards of shallow water and deep swamp intervened between them and the vessel102. Closer approach was prevented. There was no means of landing the stores. In the hopes of finding a suitable spot further up the stream the march was resumed. The steamer kept pace along the river. The boggy103 ground delayed the columns, but by two o'clock seven more miles had been covered. Only the flag at the masthead was now visible; and an impassable morass104 separated the force from the river bank. It was impossible to obtain supplies. Without food it was out of the question to go on. Indeed, great privations must, as it was, accompany the return march. The necessity was emphasised by the reports of captured fugitives, who all told the same tale. The Khalifa had pushed on swiftly, and was trying to reorganise his army. Colonel Broadwood thereupon rested his horses till the heat of the day was over, and then began the homeward march. It was not until eleven o'clock on the 4th of September that the worn-out and famished105 cavalry reached their camp near Omdurman.
Such was the pursuit as conducted by the regular troops. Abdel-Azim, with 750 Arabs, persisted still further in the chase. Lightly equipped, and acquainted with the country, they reached Shegeig, nearly a hundred miles south of Khartoum, on the 7th. Here they obtained definite information. The Khalifa had two days' start, plenty of food and water, and many camels. He had organised a bodyguard106 of 500 Jehadia, and was, besides, surrounded by a large force of Arabs of various tribes. With this numerous and powerful following he was travelling day and night towards El Obeid, which town was held by an unbeaten Dervish garrison107 of nearly 3,000 men. On hearing these things the friendly Arabs determined—not unwisely—to abandon the pursuit, and came boastfully back to Omdurman.
In the battle and capture of Omdurman the losses of the Expeditionary Force included the following British officers killed: Capt. G. Caldecott, 1st Royal Warwickshire Regiment39; Lieut. R.G. Grenfell, 12th Royal Lancers, attached 21st Lancers; Hon. H. Howard, correspondent of the TIMES. In total, the British Division and Egyptian Army suffered 482 men killed or wounded.
The Dervish losses were, from computations made on the field and corrected at a later date, ascertained108 to be 9,700 killed, and wounded variously estimated at from 10,000 to 16,000. There were, besides, 5,000 prisoners.
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1
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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regaining
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| 复得( regain的现在分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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prudent
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| adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的 | |
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den
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| n.兽穴；秘密地方；安静的小房间，私室 | |
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dismal
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| adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的 | |
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heeded
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| v.听某人的劝告，听从( heed的过去式和过去分词 )；变平，使（某物）变平( flatten的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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costly
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| adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的 | |
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retirement
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| n.退休，退职 | |
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cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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trot
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| n.疾走，慢跑；n.老太婆；现成译本；(复数）trots:腹泻（与the 连用）；v.小跑，快步走，赶紧 | |
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trotting
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| 小跑，急走( trot的现在分词 )； 匆匆忙忙地走 | |
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fugitives
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| n.亡命者，逃命者( fugitive的名词复数 ) | |
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bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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imploring
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| 恳求的，哀求的 | |
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detour
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| n.绕行的路，迂回路；v.迂回，绕道 | |
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disarming
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| adj.消除敌意的，使人消气的v.裁军( disarm的现在分词 )；使息怒 | |
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harry
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| vt.掠夺，蹂躏，使苦恼 | |
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gallop
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| v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展 | |
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imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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infantry
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| n.[总称]步兵(部队) | |
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underneath
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| adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面 | |
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swarming
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| 密集( swarm的现在分词 )； 云集； 成群地移动； 蜜蜂或其他飞行昆虫成群地飞来飞去 | |
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swarm
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| n.(昆虫)等一大群；vi.成群飞舞；蜂拥而入 | |
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artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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mules
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| 骡( mule的名词复数 )； 拖鞋； 顽固的人； 越境运毒者 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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onsets
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| 攻击，袭击（onset的复数形式） | |
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solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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feigned
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| a.假装的，不真诚的 | |
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intercepting
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| 截取（技术），截接 | |
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galloping
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| adj. 飞驰的, 急性的 动词gallop的现在分词形式 | |
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plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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rattle
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| v.飞奔，碰响；激怒；n.碰撞声；拨浪鼓 | |
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maxim
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| n.格言，箴言 | |
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maxims
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| n.格言，座右铭( maxim的名词复数 ) | |
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battalion
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| n.营；部队；大队(的人) | |
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regiments
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| （军队的）团( regiment的名词复数 )； 大量的人或物 | |
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regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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enveloped
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| v.包围，笼罩，包住( envelop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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maze
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| n.迷宫，八阵图，混乱，迷惑 | |
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alleys
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| 胡同，小巷( alley的名词复数 )； 小径 | |
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vigour
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| （=vigor）n.智力，体力，精力 | |
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eastwards
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| adj.向东方（的），朝东（的）；n.向东的方向 | |
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45
breach
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| n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破 | |
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mangled
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| vt.乱砍（mangle的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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projectile
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| n.投射物，发射体；adj.向前开进的；推进的；抛掷的 | |
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decompose
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| vi.分解；vt.（使）腐败，（使）腐烂 | |
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49
crammed
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| adj.塞满的，挤满的；大口地吃；快速贪婪地吃v.把…塞满；填入；临时抱佛脚( cram的过去式) | |
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50
loyalty
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| n.忠诚，忠心 | |
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51
conquerors
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| 征服者，占领者( conqueror的名词复数 ) | |
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52
clemency
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| n.温和，仁慈，宽厚 | |
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53
disdained
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| 鄙视( disdain的过去式和过去分词 )； 不屑于做，不愿意做 | |
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54
attested
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| adj.经检验证明无病的，经检验证明无菌的v.证明( attest的过去式和过去分词 )；证实；声称…属实；使宣誓 | |
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55
penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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56
random
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| adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动 | |
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sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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mosque
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| n.清真寺 | |
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fanatics
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| 狂热者，入迷者( fanatic的名词复数 ) | |
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foul
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| adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规 | |
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shackled
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| 给（某人）带上手铐或脚镣( shackle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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pony
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| adj.小型的；n.小马 | |
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animation
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| n.活泼，兴奋，卡通片／动画片的制作 | |
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submission
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| n.服从，投降；温顺，谦虚；提出 | |
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67
trophies
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| n.（为竞赛获胜者颁发的）奖品( trophy的名词复数 )；奖杯；（尤指狩猎或战争中获得的）纪念品；（用于比赛或赛跑名称）奖 | |
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68
galloped
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| （使马）飞奔，奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 )； 快速做[说]某事 | |
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animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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shrine
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| n.圣地，神龛，庙；v.将...置于神龛内，把...奉为神圣 | |
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wreckage
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| n.（失事飞机等的）残骸，破坏，毁坏 | |
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distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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celestial
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| adj.天体的；天上的 | |
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dictates
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| n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布 | |
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nun
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| n.修女，尼姑 | |
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leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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plight
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| n.困境，境况，誓约，艰难；vt.宣誓，保证，约定 | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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assailed
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| v.攻击( assail的过去式和过去分词 )；困扰；质问；毅然应对 | |
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tyrant
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| n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人 | |
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scourge
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| n.灾难，祸害；v.蹂躏 | |
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abominated
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| v.憎恶，厌恶，不喜欢( abominate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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depicted
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| 描绘，描画( depict的过去式和过去分词 )； 描述 | |
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vices
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| 缺陷( vice的名词复数 )； 恶习； 不道德行为； 台钳 | |
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hatred
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| n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨 | |
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valiant
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| adj.勇敢的，英勇的；n.勇士，勇敢的人 | |
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astute
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| adj.机敏的，精明的 | |
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extremity
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| n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度 | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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laden
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| adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的 | |
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rumours
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| n.传闻( rumour的名词复数 )；风闻；谣言；谣传 | |
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swampy
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| adj.沼泽的，湿地的 | |
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obstructed
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| 阻塞( obstruct的过去式和过去分词 )； 堵塞； 阻碍； 阻止 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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sentries
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| 哨兵，步兵( sentry的名词复数 ) | |
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exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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intermittent
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| adj.间歇的，断断续续的 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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funnel
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| n.漏斗；烟囱；v.汇集 | |
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101
anticipation
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| n.预期，预料，期望 | |
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102
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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103
boggy
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| adj.沼泽多的 | |
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104
morass
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| n.沼泽，困境 | |
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105
famished
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| adj.饥饿的 | |
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106
bodyguard
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| n.护卫，保镖 | |
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107
garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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108
ascertained
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| v.弄清，确定，查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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