On the 9th of December the Himalaya and Tamar arrived, having on board the 23d Regiment2, a battalion3 of the Rifle Brigade, a battery of artillery4, and a company of engineers. On the 18th, the Surmatian arrived with the 42d. All these ships were sent off for a cruise, with orders to return on the 1st of January, when the troops were to be landed. A large number of officers arrived a few days later to assist in the organization of the transport corps5.
Colonel Wood and Major Russell were by this time on the Prah with their native regiments6. These were formed principally of Houssas, Cossoos, and men of other fighting Mahomedan tribes who had been brought down the coast, together with companies from Bonny and some of the best of the Fantis. The rest of the Fanti forces had been disbanded, as being utterly7 useless for fighting purposes, and had been turned into carriers.
On the 26th of December Frank started with the General's staff for the front. The journey to the Prah was a pleasant one. The stations had been arranged at easy marches from each other. At each of these, six huts for the troops, each capable of holding seventy men, had been built, together with some smaller huts for officers. Great filters formed of iron tanks with sand and charcoal8 at the bottom, the invention of Captain Crease9, R.M.A., stood before the huts, with tubs at which the native bearers could quench10 their thirst. Along by the side of the road a single telegraph wire was supported on bamboos fifteen feet long.
Passing through Assaiboo they entered the thick bush. The giant cotton trees had now shed their light feathery foliage12, resembling that of an acacia, and the straight, round, even trunks looked like the skeletons of some giant or primeval vegetation rising above the sea of foliage below. White lilies, pink flowers of a bulbous plant, clusters of yellow acacia blossoms, occasionally brightened the roadside, and some of the old village clearings were covered with a low bush bearing a yellow blossom, and convolvuli white, buff, and pink. The second night the party slept at Accroful, and the next day marched through Dunquah. This was a great store station, but the white troops were not to halt there. It had been a large town, but the Ashantis had entirely13 destroyed it, as well as every other village between the Prah and the coast. Every fruit tree in the clearing had also been destroyed, and at Dunquah they had even cut down a great cotton tree which was looked upon as a fetish by the Fantis. It had taken them seven days' incessant14 work to overthrow15 this giant of the forest.
The next halting place was Yancoomassie. When approaching Mansue the character of the forest changed. The undergrowth disappeared and the high trees grew thick and close. The plantain, which furnishes an abundant supply of fruit to the natives and had sustained the Ashanti army during its stay south of the Prah, before abundant, extended no further. Mansue stood, like other native villages, on rising ground, but the heavy rains which still fell every day and the deep swamps around rendered it a most unhealthy station.
Beyond Mansue the forest was thick and gloomy. There was little undergrowth, but a perfect wilderness16 of climbers clustered round the trees, twisting in a thousand fantastic windings17, and finally running down to the ground, where they took fresh root and formed props18 to the dead tree their embrace had killed. Not a flower was to be seen, but ferns grew by the roadside in luxuriance. Butterflies were scarce, but dragonflies darted19 along like sparks of fire. The road had the advantage of being shady and cool, but the heavy rain and traffic had made it everywhere slippery, and in many places inches deep in mud, while all the efforts of the engineers and working parties had failed to overcome the swamps.
It was a relief to the party when they emerged from the forests into the little clearings where villages had once stood, for the gloom and quiet of the great forest weighed upon the spirits. The monotonous20 too too of the doves—not a slow dreamy cooing like that of the English variety, but a sharp quick note repeated in endless succession—alone broke the hush21. The silence, the apparently22 never ending forest, the monotony of rank vegetation, the absence of a breath of wind to rustle23 a leaf, were most oppressive, and the feeling was not lessened24 by the dampness and heaviness of the air, and the malarious25 exhalation and smell of decaying vegetation arising from the swamps.
Sootah was the station beyond Mansue, beyond this Assin and Barracoo. Beyond Sootah the odors of the forest became much more unpleasant, for at Fazoo they passed the scene of the conflict between Colonel Wood's regiment and the retiring Ashantis. In the forest beyond this were the remains26 of a great camp of the enemy's, which extended for miles, and hence to the Prah large numbers of Ashantis had dropped by the way or had crawled into the forest to die, smitten27 by disease or rifle balls.
There was a general feeling of pleasure as the party emerged from the forest into the large open camp at Prahsue. This clearing was twenty acres in extent, and occupied an isthmus28 formed by a loop of the river. The 2d West Indians were encamped here, and huts had been erected under the shade of some lofty trees for the naval29 brigade. In the center was a great square. On one side were the range of huts for the general and his staff. Two sides of the square were formed by the huts for the white troops. On the fourth was the hospital, the huts for the brigadier and his staff, and the post office. Upon the river bank beyond the square were the tents of the engineers and Rait's battery of artillery, and the camps of Wood's and Russell's regiments. The river, some seventy yards wide, ran round three sides of the camp thirty feet below its level.
The work which the engineers had accomplished30 was little less than marvelous. Eighty miles of road had been cut and cleared, every stream, however insignificant31, had been bridged, and attempts made to corduroy every swamp. This would have been no great feat11 through a soft wood forest with the aid of good workmen. Here, however, the trees were for the most part of extremely hard wood, teak and mahogany forming the majority. The natives had no idea of using an axe32. Their only notion of felling a tree was to squat33 down beside it and give it little hacking34 chops with a large knife or a sabre.
With such means and such men as these the mere35 work of cutting and making the roads and bridging the streams was enormous. But not only was this done but the stations were all stockaded, and huts erected for the reception of four hundred and fifty men and officers, and immense quantities of stores, at each post. Major Home, commanding the engineers, was the life and soul of the work, and to him more than any other man was the expedition indebted for its success. He was nobly seconded by Buckle36, Bell, Mann, Cotton, Skinner, Bates and Jeykyll, officers of his own corps, and by Hearle of the marines, and Hare of the 22d, attached to them. Long before daylight his men were off to their work, long after nightfall they returned utterly exhausted38 to camp.
Upon the 1st of January, 1874, Sir Garnet Wolseley, with his staff, among whom Frank was now reckoned, reached the Prah. During the eight days which elapsed before the white troops came up Frank found much to amuse him. The engineers were at work, aided by the sailors of the naval brigade, which arrived two days after the general, in erecting39 a bridge across the Prah. The sailors worked, stripped to the waist, in the muddy water of the river, which was about seven feet deep in the middle. When tired of watching these he would wander into the camp of the native regiments, and chat with the men, whose astonishment40 at finding a young Englishman able to converse41 in their language, for the Fanti and Ashanti dialects differ but little, was unbounded. Sometimes he would be sent for to headquarters to translate to Captain Buller, the head of the intelligence department, the statements of prisoners brought in by the scouts42, who, under Lord Gifford, had penetrated43 many miles beyond the Prah.
Everywhere these found dead bodies by the side of the road, showing the state to which the Ashanti army was reduced in its retreat. The prisoners brought in were unanimous in saying that great uneasiness had been produced at Coomassie by the news of the advance of the British to the Prah. The king had written to Ammon Quatia, severely44 blaming him for his conduct of the campaign, and for the great loss of life among his army.
All sorts of portents45 were happening at Coomassie, to the great disturbance46 of the mind of the people. Some of those related singularly resembled those said to have occurred before the capture of Rome by the Goths. An aerolite had fallen in the marketplace of Coomassie, and, still more strange, a child was born which was at once able to converse fluently. This youthful prodigy47 was placed in a room by itself, with guards around it to prevent anyone having converse with the supernatural visitant. In the morning, however, it was gone, and in its place was found a bundle of dead leaves. The fetish men having been consulted declared that this signified that Coomassie itself would disappear, and would become nothing but a bundle of dead leaves. This had greatly exercised the credulous48 there.
Two days after his arrival Frank went down at sunset to bathe in the river. He had just reached the bank when he heard a cry among some white soldiers bathing there, and was just in time to see one of them pulled under water by an alligator49, which had seized him by the leg. Frank had so often heard what was the best thing to do that he at once threw off his Norfolk jacket, plunged50 into the stream, and swam to the spot where the eddy51 on the surface showed that a struggle was going on beneath. The water was too muddy to see far through it, but Frank speedily came upon the alligator, and finding its eyes, shoved his thumbs into them. In an instant the creature relaxed his hold of his prey52 and made off, and Frank, seizing the wounded man, swam with him to shore amid the loud cheers of the sailors. The soldier, who proved to be a marine37, was insensible, and his leg was nearly severed53 above the ankle. He soon recovered consciousness, and, being carried to the camp, his leg was amputated below the knee, and he was soon afterwards taken down to the coast.
It had been known that there were alligators54 in the river, a young one about a yard long having been captured and tied up like a dog in the camp, with a string round its neck. But it was thought that the noise of building the bridge, and the movement on the banks, would have driven them away. After this incident bathing was for the most part abandoned.
The affair made Frank a great favorite in the naval brigade, and of a night he would, after dinner, generally repair there, and sit by the great bonfires, which the tars55 kept up, and listen to the jovial56 choruses which they raised around them.
Two days after the arrival of Sir Garnet, an ambassador came down from the king with a letter, inquiring indignantly why the English had attacked the Ashanti troops, and why they had advanced to the Prah. An opportunity was taken to impress him with the nature of the English arms. A Gatling gun was placed on the river bank, and its fire directed upon the surface, and the fountain of water which rose as the steady stream of bullets struck its surface astonished, and evidently filled with awe57, the Ashanti ambassador. On the following day this emissary took his departure for Coomassie with a letter to the king.
On the 12th the messengers returned with an unsatisfactory answer to Sir Garnet's letter; they brought with them Mr. Kuhne, one of the German missionaries58. He said that it was reported in Coomassie that twenty thousand out of the forty thousand Ashantis who had crossed the Prah had died. It is probable that this was exaggerated, but Mr. Kuhne had counted two hundred and seventy-six men carrying boxes containing the bones of chiefs and leading men. As these would have fared better than the common herd59 they would have suffered less from famine and dysentery. The army had for the most part broken up into small parties and gone to their villages. The wrath60 of the king was great, and all the chiefs who accompanied the army had been fined and otherwise punished. Mr. Kuhne said that when Sir Garnet's letter arrived, the question of peace or war had been hotly contested at a council. The chiefs who had been in the late expedition were unanimous in deprecating any further attempt to contend with the white man. Those who had remained at home, and who knew nothing of the white man's arms, or white man's valor61, were for war rather than surrender.
Mr. Kuhne was unable to form any opinion what the final determination would be. The German missionary62 had no doubt been restored as a sort of peace offering. He was in a bad state of health, and as his brother and his brother's wife were among the captives, the Ashanti monarch63 calculated that anxiety for the fate of his relatives would induce him to argue as strongly as possible in favor of peace.
Frank left the camp on the Prah some days before the arrival of the white troops, having moved forward with the scouts under Lord Gifford, to whom his knowledge of the country and language proved very valuable. The scouts did their work well. The Ashantis were in considerable numbers, but fell back gradually without fighting. Russell's regiment were in support, and they pressed forward until they neared the foot of the Adansee Hills. On the 16th Rait's artillery and Wood's regiment were to advance with two hundred men of the 2d West Indians. The Naval Brigade, the Rifle Brigade, the 42d, and a hundred men of the 23d would be up on the Prah on the 17th.
News came down that fresh portents had happened at Coomassie. The word signifies the town under the tree, the town being so called because its founder64 sat under a broad tree, surrounded by his warriors65, while he laid out the plan of the future town. The marketplace was situated66 round the tree, which became the great fetish tree of the town, under which human sacrifices were offered. On the 6th, the day upon which Sir Garnet sent his ultimatum67 to the king, a bird of ill omen68 was seen to perch69 upon it, and half an hour afterwards a tornado70 sprang up and the fetish tree was levelled to the ground. This caused an immense sensation in Coomassie, which was heightened when Sir Garnet's letter arrived, and proved to be dated upon the day upon which the fetish tree had fallen.
The Adansee Hills are very steep and covered with trees, but without undergrowth. It had been supposed that the Ashantis would make their first stand here. Lord Gifford led the way up with the scouts, Russell's regiment following behind. Frank accompanied Major Russell. When Gifford neared the crest71 a priest came forward with five or six supporters and shouted to him to go back, for that five thousand men were waiting there to destroy them. Gifford paused for a moment to allow Russell with his regiment to come within supporting distance, and then made a rush with his scouts for the crest. It was found deserted72, the priest and his followers73 having fled hastily, when they found that neither curses nor the imaginary force availed to prevent the British from advancing.
The Adansee Hills are about six hundred feet high. Between them and the Prah the country was once thick with towns and villages inhabited by the Assins. These people, however, were so harassed74 by the Ashantis that they were forced to abandon their country and settle in the British protectorate south of the Prah.
Had the Adansee Hills been held by European troops the position would have been extremely strong. A hill if clear of trees is of immense advantage to men armed with rifles and supported by artillery, but to men armed only with guns carrying slugs a distance of fifty yards, the advantage is not marked, especially when, as is the case with the Ashantis, they always fire high. The crest of the hill was very narrow, indeed a mere saddle, with some eight or ten yards only of level ground between the steep descents on either side. From this point the scouts perceived the first town in the territory of the King of Adansee, one of the five great kings of Ashanti. The scouts and Russell's regiment halted on the top of the hill, and the next morning the scouts went out skirmishing towards Queesa. The war drum could be heard beating in the town, but no opposition75 was offered. It was not, however, considered prudent76 to push beyond the foot of the hill until more troops came up. The scouts therefore contented77 themselves with keeping guard, while for the next four days Russell's men and the engineers labored78 incessantly79, as they had done all the way from the Prah, in making the road over the hill practicable.
During this time the scouts often pushed up close to Queesa, and reported that the soldiers and population were fast deserting the town. On the fifth day it was found to be totally deserted, and Major Russell moved the headquarters of his regiment down into it. The white officers were much surprised with the structure of the huts of this place, which was exactly similar to that of those of Coomassie, with their red clay, their alcoved bed places, and their little courts one behind the other. Major Russell established himself in the chief's palace, which was exactly like the other houses except that the alcoves81 were very lofty, and their roofs supported by pillars. These, with their red paint, their arabesque82 adornments, and their quaint83 character, gave the courtyard the precise appearance of an Egyptian temple.
The question whether the Ashantis would or would not fight was still eagerly debated. Upon the one hand it was urged that if the Ashantis had meant to attack us they would have disputed every foot of the passage through the woods after we had once crossed the Prah. Had they done so it may be confidently affirmed that we could never have got to Coomassie. Their policy should have been to avoid any pitched battle, but to throng84 the woods on either side, continually harassing85 the troops on their march, preventing the men working on the roads, and rendering86 it impossible for the carriers to go along unless protected on either side by lines of troops. Even when unopposed it was difficult enough to keep the carriers, who were constantly deserting, but had they been exposed to continuous attacks there would have been no possibility of keeping them together.
It was then a strong argument in favor of peace that we had been permitted to advance thirty miles into their country without a shot being fired. Upon the other hand no messengers had been sent down to meet us, no ambassadors had brought messages from the king. This silence was ominous87; nor were other signs wanting. At one place a fetish, consisting of a wooden gun and several wooden daggers88 all pointing towards us, was placed in the middle of the road. Several kids had been found buried in calabashes in the path pierced through and through with stakes; while a short distance outside Queesa the dead body of a slave killed and mutilated but a few hours before we entered it was hanging from a tree. Other fetishes of a more common sort were to be met at every step, lines of worsted and cotton stretched across the road, rags hung upon bushes, and other negro trumperies89 of the same kind.
Five days later the Naval Brigade, with Wood's regiment and Rait's battery, marched into Queesa, and the same afternoon the whole marched forward to Fomana, the capital of Adansee, situated half a mile only from Queesa. This was a large town capable of containing some seven or eight thousand inhabitants. The architecture was similar to that of Queesa, but the king's palace was a large structure covering a considerable extent of ground. Here were the apartments of the king himself, of his wives, the fetish room, and the room for execution, still smelling horribly of the blood with which the floor and walls were sprinkled. The first and largest court of the palace had really an imposing90 effect. It was some thirty feet square with an apartment or alcove80 on each side. The roofs of these alcoves were supported by columns about twenty-five feet high. As in all the buildings the lower parts were of red clay, the upper of white, all being covered with deep arabesque patterns.
Fomana was one of the most pleasant stations which the troops had reached since leaving the coast. It lay high above the sea, and the temperature was considerably91 lower than that of the stations south of the hills. A nice breeze sprung up each day about noon. The nights were comparatively free from fog, and the town itself stood upon rising ground resembling in form an inverted92 saucer. The streets were very wide, with large trees at intervals93 every twenty or thirty yards along the middle of the road.
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1
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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battalion
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| n.营；部队；大队(的人) | |
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artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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corps
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| n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组 | |
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regiments
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| （军队的）团( regiment的名词复数 )； 大量的人或物 | |
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utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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charcoal
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| n.炭，木炭，生物炭 | |
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crease
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| n.折缝，褶痕，皱褶；v.(使)起皱 | |
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quench
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| vt.熄灭，扑灭；压制 | |
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feat
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| n.功绩；武艺，技艺；adj.灵巧的，漂亮的，合适的 | |
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foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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incessant
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| adj.不停的，连续的 | |
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overthrow
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| v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆 | |
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wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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windings
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| （道路、河流等）蜿蜒的，弯曲的( winding的名词复数 )； 缠绕( wind的现在分词 )； 卷绕； 转动（把手） | |
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props
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| 小道具； 支柱( prop的名词复数 )； 支持者； 道具； （橄榄球中的）支柱前锋 | |
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darted
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| v.投掷，投射( dart的过去式和过去分词 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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monotonous
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| adj.单调的，一成不变的，使人厌倦的 | |
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hush
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| int.嘘，别出声；n.沉默，静寂；v.使安静 | |
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apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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rustle
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| v.沙沙作响；偷盗(牛、马等)；n.沙沙声声 | |
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lessened
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| 减少的，减弱的 | |
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malarious
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| （患）疟疾的，（有）瘴气的 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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smitten
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| 猛打，重击，打击( smite的过去分词 ) | |
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isthmus
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| n.地峡 | |
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naval
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| adj.海军的，军舰的，船的 | |
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accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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insignificant
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| adj.无关紧要的，可忽略的，无意义的 | |
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axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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squat
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| v.蹲坐，蹲下；n.蹲下；adj.矮胖的，粗矮的 | |
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hacking
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| n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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buckle
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| n.扣子，带扣；v.把...扣住，由于压力而弯曲 | |
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marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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erecting
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| v.使直立，竖起( erect的现在分词 )；建立 | |
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astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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scouts
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| 侦察员[机，舰]( scout的名词复数 )； 童子军； 搜索； 童子军成员 | |
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penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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portents
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| n.预兆( portent的名词复数 )；征兆；怪事；奇物 | |
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disturbance
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| n.动乱，骚动；打扰，干扰；(身心)失调 | |
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prodigy
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| n.惊人的事物，奇迹，神童，天才，预兆 | |
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credulous
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| adj.轻信的，易信的 | |
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alligator
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| n.短吻鳄(一种鳄鱼) | |
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plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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eddy
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| n.漩涡，涡流 | |
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prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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53
severed
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| v.切断，断绝( sever的过去式和过去分词 )；断，裂 | |
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alligators
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| n.短吻鳄( alligator的名词复数 ) | |
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tars
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| 焦油，沥青，柏油( tar的名词复数 ) | |
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jovial
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| adj.快乐的，好交际的 | |
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awe
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| n.敬畏，惊惧；vt.使敬畏，使惊惧 | |
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missionaries
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| n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 ) | |
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herd
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| n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起 | |
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wrath
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| n.愤怒，愤慨，暴怒 | |
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valor
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| n.勇气，英勇 | |
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missionary
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| adj.教会的，传教(士)的；n.传教士 | |
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monarch
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| n.帝王，君主，最高统治者 | |
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Founder
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| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
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warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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ultimatum
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| n.最后通牒 | |
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omen
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| n.征兆，预兆；vt.预示 | |
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perch
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| n.栖木，高位，杆；v.栖息，就位，位于 | |
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tornado
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| n.飓风，龙卷风 | |
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crest
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| n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖 | |
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deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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harassed
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| adj. 疲倦的，厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词 | |
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opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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prudent
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| adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的 | |
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contented
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| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
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labored
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| adj.吃力的，谨慎的v.努力争取(for)( labor的过去式和过去分词 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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incessantly
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| ad.不停地 | |
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alcove
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| n.凹室 | |
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alcoves
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| n.凹室( alcove的名词复数 )；（花园）凉亭；僻静处；壁龛 | |
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arabesque
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| n.阿拉伯式花饰；adj.阿拉伯式图案的 | |
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quaint
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| adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的 | |
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throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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harassing
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| v.侵扰，骚扰( harass的现在分词 )；不断攻击（敌人） | |
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rendering
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| n.表现，描写 | |
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ominous
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| adj.不祥的，不吉的，预兆的，预示的 | |
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daggers
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| 匕首，短剑( dagger的名词复数 ) | |
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trumperies
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| n.中看不中用的东西( trumpery的名词复数 )；徒有其表的东西；胡言乱语；废话 | |
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imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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considerably
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| adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上 | |
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inverted
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| adj.反向的，倒转的v.使倒置，使反转( invert的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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