"They are slaves who fear to speak
For the fallen and the weak;
They are slaves who dare not be,
In the right with two or three."
INTRODUCTION
It is difficult for a fair-minded person to realize how hard it is to find space in leading newspapers and magazines for words of defense1 when expressed in favor of an unpopular people. Their columns are open to attacks, but seldom do we find one blessed with sufficient independence of mind to present the unpopular side to the public. The lady from Ohio who is the author of the following manuscript is not the first to discover this. This manuscript was rejected by "Modern Culture," "Current History," "The Arena," "The Forum," "The World's Work," "Munsey's," "Harper's Monthly," "McClure's," and "The Worlds Today." It was then sent to Ben E. Rich of Atlanta, Georgia, accompanied by a letter, from which we quote as follows:
"Your name has within the last year or two come to me as that of a representative of the Mormon people, and I therefore take the liberty of calling your attention to a matter that will doubtless interest you. Upon more than one occasion I have sojourned in the state of Utah for a considerable length of time, and have had abundant opportunities of judging your people from more than one standpoint. I have met them in both city and country, in their homes (polygamous and otherwise), and in their business. I have met them socially in many ways, and have mingled3 with them when they have met in exercise of their religious faith. When first thrown among them, I knew of nothing that would cause me to be predisposed in their favor, having read many things derogatory to their character as American citizens, and to their virtue4 and purity in social and family relations. I endeavored, however, to judge them on their own merits and not on opinions advanced by other people. As a result, I found much to admire and little to condemn5. Above everything else, I found them sincere and honest, and learned to know that the mistakes and blunders of individuals were of the head and not of the heart. I have come to regard many of them as my friends, and will always feel an interest in the people as a whole. I have, however, been much annoyed by the scurrilous6 articles that have of late been written about them, and have often had in my mind to take up the cudgel in their defense. As to the truth of many of the adverse7 stories that have been told in the past, I am in no position to judge, {192} but of the untruth of the more recent ones, I am sure. Looking at the past in the light of the present, I am inclined to the belief that those earlier stories contain much fiction, and some have been absolutely disproved.
"A particularly objectionable article having not long ago come to my notice, I wrote in protest to the magazine publishing it. The editor in a personal reply requested me to write him what I knew personally about the subject under discussion. I thereupon decided8 to offer him for publication something in the nature of a response to the previous article, thus showing the Mormon people as I knew them to be. The magazine in question ("Modern Culture," now consolidated9 with "Current History"), after having kept them manuscript several weeks, at last returned it with a curt10 refusal. Upon my demanding an explanation and asking if the objection lay in either diction or lack of style in composition, I received from the Editor a personal assurance, that the objection lay only in the unsuitableness of the subject. I afterwards offered it to one magazine after another, always with the same result. I persevered11, however, each failure making me more than ever aware of the difficulty of presenting the truth of a matter so long surrounded by prejudice, but receiving the manuscript back again with the same regularity12 with which I sent it. I will add that but one publication, "The World's Work," offered me a reasonable excuse, and some of them have since solicited13 articles on different subjects from my pen. "The World's Work" presented a very fair exposition of the Social System, upon which much of Utah's prosperity is founded, in the issue of the month previous to that in which I offered mine. Thinking the matter over, I am more than ever anxious that in some way, the true conditions prevailing14 in Utah shall come to the notice of the American people, deeming it a simple justice due them. I have therefore taken the liberty of thus arousing your interest in that which I would fain call the "Rejected Manuscript," and of submitting it to you, with the request that, if agreeable to you, it may in some way be brought before the people."
With the opening remarks in this introduction, and the quotation15 we make from the author's letter, we give to the public the "Rejected Manuscript" without further comment.
A REJECTED MANUSCRIPT.
Utah and Salt Lake City! How many are the tales which have been told us of this unique city and its queer inhabitants. They have been represented to us as a people, "deep, dark and mysterious;" a people to be avoided as one would the fallen angels. A people promulgating16 a religion aimed at the very foundation of civilization, and undermining its holiest and purest institutions. We have been solemnly informed that once within the clutches of its religious fanatics17, escape would be well nigh impossible. Statements which might be applicable to a description of Thibet, are even now in print, {193} and quite recently, "horrible" stories of persecution18 in which the misguided and degraded "Mormons," having first torn down and trampled19 upon the American flag, resorted to the flinging of mud, as well as sticks and stones, at the devoted20 head of its sole defender21. Until within a few years, Utah figured as the "Darkest Africa" of this our free and happy union. But the tourist has at last, with admirable bravery, invaded its forbidden precincts, overrun its quiet villages, crowded the quaint22 streets of its cities, and laid bare the awful secret of its hidden mystery.
Alas23, it is but as a "tale that is told," it is even as the "big dark" of our childish fears, which only needed investigation24 to prove its utter nothingness. We find after all, only a kindly25 people, busily engaged, for the most part, in overcoming an unproductive soil, and putting themselves in a way to use to advantage and profit, the splendid resources with which nature and their own thrift26 have bountifully provided them. Broad and fertile valleys now smile back at us, where unfruitful wastes once frowned, and prosperous cities and towns give evidence of true western enterprise; and the people—they are not so very much unlike other people. One might exclaim, with a fair tourist whose itinerary27 last summer, gave her a day or two in Salt Lake City—"Well, I don't see any one who looks like a Mormon!" What could she have been expecting? There is a tradition among the people in question, that horns have ceased to decorate their brows, and that even the rudest of them are quite harmless.
Apropos28 of Salt Lake City; as all roads once led to Rome, so also are there very few western-bound tourists, who do not find themselves, at some stage of their wanderings, guests within its gates. They come from everywhere, and their expectations are varied29. They go in great crowds to the Tabernacle organ recitals30, where a matchless instrument is touched by a master hand, while ten thousand can be comfortably seated beneath its pillarless dome31, and lose not one vibration32. Ah! How can one describe a scene so inspiring? The vast audience spell-bound, entranced, forgetful alike of time and place, deaf to all else save the voice of the wonderful organ, bearing to them great waves of melody, now glorious and triumphant33 in the Tannhauser and William Tell, now low and wailing34 in Il Trovatore. Now it is the Lost Chord and now the Angels' Chorus, lacking only articulation35 to make it human. And so we listen and marvel36, and make good resolutions, and the music grows soft and faint, and far away, and ceases; and we find ourselves in a silence that is intense, vainly striving {194} to catch one more harmonious37 whisper. It is all over. We are glad, if we may, to take the hand of the organist, and then we go streaming out into the sunshine, and the great, bustling38, workaday world claims us once more. We go our various ways feeling the better for this happy hour, snatched out of the glowing heart of the busy day, and resolve to go again if time permits. And all this is free. Free as the air we breathe, and the grass we tread upon, twice a week throughout the year, save only the winter months. Really, for semi-barbarians, this is doing very well. When we see this great Tabernacle filled on a Sabbath afternoon and hear the charm of five hundred voices added to that of the organ, and listen to the straightforward39 addresses of several unsalaried "Saints," our thoughts go back to the half empty churches of the East, and we feel that we have come upon at least one mystery. Whatever are the doctrines40 Mormonism teaches, its votaries41 seem to be earnest and do not look like a priest-ridden people. In their family life they are extremely hospitable42, and he is fortunate indeed who is admitted as a guest within their homes. We are charmed by their hearty43 welcome, and the unostentatious kindness that is showered upon us.
Socially, nothing comes amiss with them that can be classed under the head of innocent amusements; and so the great dancing pavilion and the bathing beach at Saltair are thronged44 daily and nightly throughout the season. Saltair! There is nothing to equal it. One thousand couples can dance upon its polished floor, while the soft breezes from over the great Salt Lake cool the flushed cheek and stimulate45 the most lagging appetite; or, we join the bathers and go for a dip in its briny46 water. Refreshed and invigorated, we rest upon the broad balconies and watch the sun in a "sea of crimson47 and purple and gold" as it sinks behind the mountains, which are really islands, set like gems48, in the bosom49 of the great lake. Later, we find ourselves-wondering if famed Italian and Venetian moons can give us any clearer light, and how their radiance can flood a night more delicious than this. The strains of "Home, Sweet Home," in the closing waltz, and the thinned-out ranks of the dancers, warn us that the last train for the city is due, and sixteen miles might prove wearisome, however bright the moonlight. Saltair is upon every one's lips. No visitor misses it, unless compelled by an adverse fate; and we find ourselves drawn50 back again and again, each time more charmed than the last. Like the mountains, it attracts and fascinates—the mountains, which rear their misty51 outlines in the blue distance, and beckon52 and mock us. Five miles away {195} they appear as tantalizingly53 close; indeed, we might run over to the base of one, by way of a constitutional before breakfast. We discover, alas! that "distance lends enchantment54." We are left in no possible doubt that there is a distance. The main street of the city apparently55 runs directly into them, and City Creek56 Canon, from whose clear stream its thirsty thousands drink, is reached by only a short drive. Salt Lake is truly a mountain-girt city, and its founders57 must have resembled them in strength of purpose and steadfast58 effort. To have reclaimed59 the desert and, in part, peopled a state, is no small achievement.
The Mormons foster education and educational institutions. "The glory of God is intelligence," they tell us, and intelligence for women as well as for men. Women, in the Mormon estimate, occupies a very high position, both in Church and state. You are surprised? You thought her subjected to all sorts of humiliating treatment, and that polygamy held her hopelessly in subjection? Ah! why not let polygamy rest as the dead issue that it really is? Why be always dragging it out and dangling60 its supposed horrors in the face of every advancement61! Its practice was limited to but three per cent of those who believed in it as a principle; but even though an "Angel in Heaven" should declare the truth in the matter prejudice would stop its ears and refuse to hear. Why fill our minds with the blood-curdling tales of yellow back literature, when all the riches of the master minds of bygone centuries are at our disposal? Why not show to those whom we considered deluded62 a manner of living that will win them to us? Let us hear no more of the divorce courts and the brothel, before we cast the first stone at our brothers. Divorce is practically unknown among the Mormons, and when we assail63 Salt Lake City for morals we must remember that half her population is "Gentile," and that for the last twelve years the head of her city government has been drawn from that source.
In forming an impartial64 estimate of a people, we choose for our consideration neither the class that is designated as the upper stratum65, nor those whose worldly possessions place them it the bottom, but go rather to the great middle class, those who hold a position between the two extremes. The Mormons profess66 to have no upper and no lower classes. They aim to meet on common ground, whatever their worldly inheritance may be. Their young men are called upon to give two or three years, and oftentimes more, of their life to the spreading of the gospel as they believe and teach it; and rich {196} and poor, they go cheerfully, away from home and friends, amid unfriendly strangers, without other recompense than the consciousness of a duty performed. These are the much talked about and much dreaded67 missionaries68, against whose "pernicious" influences we are warned. Considering the fact that these same Elders are in many cases beardless youths, is it not strange that contact with them is so feared, and discussions looked upon as so dangerous? Surely Christianity in all the nineteen hundred years that have elapsed since its establishment, has given us sufficient knowledge with which to defend ourselves. Why then all this flurry? Are we to be forced to believe ourselves on the weaker side? But, you say they are such "smooth fellows." True, but is the smoothness to be all on one side? Let us mass our forces and meet them on even ground, and who knows whose may be the victory?
We have all been told of the shield, over the appearance of which, in ancient times, two warriors70 quarreled, only to discover at the last that it presented an entirely71 different side to each. Is there not a possibility that, after all has been said and done, we may find there are also two sides to the Mormon question? History, we say, points with unerring finger to bloody73 deeds and insubordination. In one long procession they pass before us, "Mountain Meadow Massacre74," "Danite Raids," "Bloody Atonement," political intrigues75 and gross depravity. They have been called a blot76 upon our Western civilization, and today the map of Utah is presented with a huge octopus77 disfiguring its fair proportions, and whose tentacles78 reach out into adjoining states. We have surely told you how unreliable are the stories told us of early pioneer days beyond the Mississippi, and how fabulous79 are legends which come to us of its early settlers. We have not considered how large a part the prejudice, which always follows a religious belief that deviates80 even in the least from what is known as orthodox, has played in the lurid81 tales with which our too eager ears have been regaled. We have fallen into the same error for which we censure82 the ancient knights83; we have neglected to look upon the other side of the shield. What sad tales of persecution and long suffering we find here. Tragedies as sad as any in Reformation days. From Kirtland to Nauvoo, and across the trackless prairie they were driven, their weary way marked by the graves of those whose physical strength was not sufficient, until they reached at last what, to them, was a promised land, the valley of the great Salt Lake. Desolate84 and unpromising as it was, they have made it blossom {197} as the rose. To quote a recent descriptive work, "By industry as remarkable85 as it was well directed, the desert was converted into an oasis86, and the bare earth, with its poverty of sands and sage87 brush, was made to cover its nakedness with the green vestures of an almost unexampled fecundity88."
How much truth there is in all that is urged against them, and how mistaken we may be as to their motives89 and the underlying90 principles which dominate their rough and rugged91 exterior92, those of us who are enough interested must determine for ourselves. Strange, is it not, that we hear so little mention of the horrors of Haun's Mill, and so few detailed93 accounts of the mid-winter expulsion from Nauvoo? General Thomas L. Kane, of Philadelphia, visited their deserted94 city soon after their enemies had driven them away, and in a lecture delivered on the subject before the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, used these words:
"Dreadful, indeed, was the suffering of these forsaken95 beings; bowed and cramped96 by cold and sunburn, alternating as each weary day and night dragged on, they were almost all of them, the crippled victims of disease. They were there because they had no homes, nor hospitals, nor poorhouse, nor friends to offer them any. They could not satisfy the feeble cravings of their sick; they had not bread to quiet the fractious hunger-cries of their children. Mothers and babes, daughters and grandparents, all of them alike were bivouacked in tatters, wanting even covering to comfort those whom the sick shivers of fever were searching to the marrow97. These were Mormons, famishing in Lee County, Iowa, in the fourth week of the month of September, in the year of our Lord, 1846. The city—it was Nauvoo, Illinois. The Mormons were the owners of that city and the smiling country around. And those who had stopped their plows98, who had silenced their hammers, their axes, their shuttles, and their workshop wheels; those who had put out their fires and eaten their food, spoiled their orchards99 and trampled under foot their thousands of acres of unharvested bread—these were the keepers of their dwellings100, the carousers in their Temples, whose drunken riot insulted the ears of their dying."
They had the added agony of camping on the snow covered ground without shelter, in plain sight of their confiscated101 possessions and desolated102 hearthstones. Another writer thus describes the awful scene:
"Out into the trackless American wilds, into an Indian country, the 'Mormons' wended their way, weary and destitute103, for more than fifteen hundred miles, their pathway being marked by the graves of their dead. The history of their privations and suffering is harrowing in the extreme. The {198} lives of not less than a thousand of their number were sacrificed in the relentless104 persecutions connected with the exodus105 from Illinois."
Need we be surprised that a feeble protest was raised against the too zealous106 enforcement of laws framed to this very end, or that a sense of injustice107 should be the result of such vigorous treatment?
We hear nothing nowadays of the battalion108 furnished by the Mormon refugees, for the defense of the flag in California and Mexico, at a time, too, when every able-bodied man was needed for defense against hostile Indians, hunger and all the other dangers attendant upon pioneer travel. In answer to this demand, Brigham Young said:
"You shall have your battalion, Captain Allen; and if there are not young men enough, we will take the old men, and if they are not enough, we will take the women."
"I say unto you, magnify the laws. There is no law in the United States, or in the Constitution, but I am ready to make honorable."
Here is the message which came over the wires when amid the turmoil110 of the first years of the Civil War, the Overland telegraph line was completed:
"Utah has not seceded111, but is firm for the Constitution and laws of our once happy country, and is warmly interested in such useful enterprises as the one so far completed."
A similar demonstration112 of patriotism113 and love of progress took place when the first iron horse, over the union Pacific, came puffing114 into the Territory:
"Utah bids you welcome. Hail to the great National highway."
And this from their Articles of Faith:
"We believe in being subjects to kings, presidents, rulers, and magistrates115; in obeying, honoring, and sustaining the law."
These do not sound like the utterances116 of a people, jealously guarding from the intrusion of civilization, a region in which they might entrench117 themselves, and defy the advancement of law, order and Christianity. As our luxurious118 Pullman bears us swiftly and comfortably over the rolling prairie, do we ever give a thought to the patient, downtrodden ones {199} who marked out the path for us? Those who, in the words of one of their own poets:
And what of the Mountain Meadow Massacre and the Danite band? The daring perpetrator of the former outrage124 was willingly given over to the just retribution which awaited him, arid125 the existence of the "Avenging126 Angels" as an organization under the direction and receiving the sanction of Mormon leaders, was long ago exploded as the fabrication of an over-excited and too active imagination. We can find no more substantial foundation remaining to it than that which underlies127 any other myth or tradition. "Let the dead past bury its dead." Let us take the Mormon people as we find them today and try to discover in them a little good rather than wholesale128 evil. Let us commend them for the benefit, however small, that they have bestowed129 upon their day and generation, and cover with the mantle130 of charity, if enough of that priceless commodity be left in the world, the unintentional evil they may have done, and the mistakes they may have made. The wrong doing of individuals should not be visited upon the heads of the entire community, and narrow, personal prejudices should not be allowed to warp131 our good judgment132.
This is an age of wide research and broad acquirements, and we will not find our Mormon countrymen very far behind in the race for all that broadens and enlightens. They have their own poets, their own artists and their own musicians. You can find them represented in the universities and in the studios, and in the conservatories133 of music of more than one foreign city, as well as in those of our own fair land. Wherever education and culture congregate134, you will find a colony of them; and they are not unknown in the scientific and the professional world; neither are they lacking in manufacturers and financiers. The great Tabernacle organ (second to none in the country) is presided over by one of their own young musicians, and the baton135 is wielded136 by one of their own faith, over the Tabernacle choir137, which has more than once earned the wonder and applause of California audiences. It is a Mormon girl, granddaughter of one of Mormonism's great leaders, who has recently made her debut138, and taken by storm one Eastern city after another, charming them alike by her personality and her ability; and whose marvelous voice a conservative Boston paper has likened to that of Patti. An exploring {200} party, sent out by a Mormon institution of learning, has only just returned after having penetrated139 with infinite hardship, privation and determination, deeply into the forbidden wilds of South Africa, endeavoring to give to the world of science and research information that is valuable and rare.
One of the remarkable things about the Mormons is, that they are a travelled people. As we meet them and converse140 with them, we wonder at the various phases of human life with which they seem to be familiar, and the ease with which many of them are able to settle, for themselves, many vexed141 social problems. But they are either extremely modest, or foreign sojourn2 has become so ordinary a thing with them, that they attach no unusual significance to it; for it is only upon questioning them, or after having known them some time, that the secret of it is made known.
Ah, yes, we say, travel is a good schoolmaster, and we broaden and deepen under its discipline. But there are many kinds of travelers; the mere142 globe trotter, hastening from one capital to another, seeing much, but perceiving little, and resembling the woman who was asked by a friend what most impressed her in one of Germany's tourist-infested cities. After due consideration she replied, "Well, I think of all the things I remember with most delight, the very best were the delicious Frankfort sausages." "Ye gods and little fishes!" Frankfort sausages, indeed! If she was an American we renounce143 all claim to her. He who would reap lasting144 benefit must be possessed145 of the "seeing eye," and know the meaning of insight as well as sight. But if travel alone can do so much for us, of how much greater value the sojourner146 under many skies, and amid various manners and customs, gleaning147 a little here and a little there, and adding daily to our lore148 of people and things. Not alone is this true of the Mormon man, but in a great measure true also of the woman. They have extended their itinerary to the islands of the sea, and countries oriental. They have practically belted the globe, and gathered from the rich treasures of its world-old storehouses, that which centuries have been amassing149; and they bring it all and lay it at the feet of their well-beloved home land. For they are proud of their country, proud of the flag she flies and intensely proud of their lovely "Deseret." They are proud of their heroic men and women, brave daughters of the desert, tried and true, who laid the foundations upon which they are engaged in building a superstructure that will do lasting honor to those who suffered so much in establishing it.
{201} A great incentive150 for the acquisition of knowledge is given to the advocate of Mormonism by the belief that no advancement made in this life will go as naught151 when death overtakes him. He will go on progressing throughout the countless152 ages of eternity153, without the power of sin to retard154 his efforts, and with all the vast recourses of celestial155 lore to accelerate his speed. He accounts for different degrees of intelligence observed in individuals in this life, by his theory of pre-existence, in which some had attained156 a greater advancement than had others. He does not deny salvation157 to any of the human race, and believes that no erring72 soul will be forever lost. He hopes for all his dead a chance for glorification158 equal to his own; and in the beautiful temples scattered159 over Utah, he unselfishly does for them, what is to him a work of redemption. The largest and most beautiful of them all is visible to the visitor to Salt Lake City, standing160 in the midst of the city. Its white and glistening161 towers, supporting the gilded162 statue of the Mormon angel "Moroni," come into sight long before the outlines of any other architecture. Built of native granite163, at an outlay164 of nearly three million dollars, forty years were given to its construction and embellishment.
In all justice to these people, let us say, "We admire you for the progress you have made, the stern determination you have shown, and while we may not agree with you in your religious tenets, we recognize you as brother Americans and co-patriots, under a flag and constitution which is broad enough to shelter all creeds165 and all true men. We believe you when you say that plural166 marriage is a thing of the past, and we think the better of you for honoring ties already formed." So will we prove ourselves possessed of Christian69 toleration for those who dare dispute our pet theories, and place ourselves in a way to do a tardy167 justice. "We believe all things, we hope all things, we have endured many things, and hope to be able to endure all things. If there is anything virtuous168, lovely or of good report or praiseworthy, we seek after these things." (Articles of Faith.) Truly, if Utah and her people were one-half as bad as she has been painted, she would deserve a fate ten times more dreadful than any that her enemies have as yet devised for her. A just God could do no less than cause the thunderbolts of His wrath169 to fall upon her and consume her, that the earth might be purified of her polluting influence. But how different from the awful picture do we really find her!
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defense
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| n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩 | |
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sojourn
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| v./n.旅居，寄居；逗留 | |
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mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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condemn
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| vt.谴责，指责；宣判(罪犯)，判刑 | |
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scurrilous
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| adj.下流的，恶意诽谤的 | |
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adverse
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| adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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consolidated
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| a.联合的 | |
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curt
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| adj.简短的，草率的 | |
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persevered
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| v.坚忍，坚持( persevere的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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regularity
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| n.规律性，规则性；匀称，整齐 | |
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solicited
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| v.恳求( solicit的过去式和过去分词 )；（指娼妇）拉客；索求；征求 | |
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prevailing
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| adj.盛行的；占优势的；主要的 | |
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quotation
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| n.引文，引语，语录；报价，牌价，行情 | |
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promulgating
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| v.宣扬（某事物）( promulgate的现在分词 )；传播；公布；颁布（法令、新法律等） | |
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fanatics
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| 狂热者，入迷者( fanatic的名词复数 ) | |
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persecution
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| n. 迫害,烦扰 | |
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trampled
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| 踩( trample的过去式和过去分词 )； 践踏； 无视； 侵犯 | |
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devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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defender
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| n.保卫者，拥护者，辩护人 | |
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quaint
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| adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的 | |
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alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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investigation
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| n.调查，调查研究 | |
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kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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thrift
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| adj.节约，节俭；n.节俭，节约 | |
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itinerary
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| n.行程表，旅行路线；旅行计划 | |
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apropos
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| adv.恰好地；adj.恰当的；关于 | |
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29
varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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30
recitals
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| n.独唱会( recital的名词复数 )；独奏会；小型音乐会、舞蹈表演会等；一系列事件等的详述 | |
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31
dome
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| n.圆屋顶，拱顶 | |
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32
vibration
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| n.颤动，振动；摆动 | |
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33
triumphant
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| adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的 | |
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34
wailing
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| v.哭叫，哀号( wail的现在分词 )；沱 | |
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35
articulation
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| n.（清楚的）发音；清晰度，咬合 | |
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36
marvel
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| vi.(at)惊叹vt.感到惊异；n.令人惊异的事 | |
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37
harmonious
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| adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的 | |
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38
bustling
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| adj.喧闹的 | |
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39
straightforward
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| adj.正直的，坦率的；易懂的，简单的 | |
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40
doctrines
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| n.教条( doctrine的名词复数 )；教义；学说；（政府政策的）正式声明 | |
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41
votaries
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| n.信徒( votary的名词复数 )；追随者；（天主教）修士；修女 | |
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42
hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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43
hearty
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| adj.热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵情的 | |
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44
thronged
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| v.成群，挤满( throng的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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45
stimulate
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| vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋 | |
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46
briny
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| adj.盐水的；很咸的；n.海洋 | |
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47
crimson
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| n./adj.深(绯)红色(的)；vi.脸变绯红色 | |
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48
gems
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| growth； economy； management； and customer satisfaction 增长 | |
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49
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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50
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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51
misty
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| adj.雾蒙蒙的，有雾的 | |
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52
beckon
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| v.(以点头或打手势)向...示意，召唤 | |
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53
tantalizingly
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| adv.…得令人着急，…到令人着急的程度 | |
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54
enchantment
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| n.迷惑，妖术，魅力 | |
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55
apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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56
creek
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| n.小溪，小河，小湾 | |
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57
founders
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| n.创始人( founder的名词复数 ) | |
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58
steadfast
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| adj.固定的，不变的，不动摇的；忠实的；坚贞不移的 | |
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59
reclaimed
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|
| adj.再生的；翻造的；收复的；回收的v.开拓( reclaim的过去式和过去分词 )；要求收回；从废料中回收（有用的材料）；挽救 | |
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60
dangling
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| 悬吊着( dangle的现在分词 )； 摆动不定； 用某事物诱惑…； 吊胃口 | |
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61
advancement
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| n.前进，促进，提升 | |
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62
deluded
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| v.欺骗，哄骗( delude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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63
assail
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| v.猛烈攻击，抨击，痛斥 | |
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64
impartial
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| adj.(in,to)公正的，无偏见的 | |
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65
stratum
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| n.地层，社会阶层 | |
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66
profess
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| v.声称，冒称，以...为业，正式接受入教，表明信仰 | |
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67
dreaded
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|
| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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68
missionaries
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| n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 ) | |
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69
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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70
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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71
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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72
erring
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| 做错事的，错误的 | |
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73
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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74
massacre
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| n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀 | |
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75
intrigues
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| n.密谋策划( intrigue的名词复数 )；神秘气氛；引人入胜的复杂情节v.搞阴谋诡计( intrigue的第三人称单数 )；激起…的好奇心 | |
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76
blot
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| vt.弄脏（用吸墨纸）吸干；n.污点，污渍 | |
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77
octopus
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| n.章鱼 | |
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78
tentacles
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| n.触手( tentacle的名词复数 )；触角；触须；触毛 | |
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79
fabulous
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| adj.极好的；极为巨大的；寓言中的，传说中的 | |
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80
deviates
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| v.偏离，越轨( deviate的第三人称单数 ) | |
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81
lurid
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|
| adj.可怕的；血红的；苍白的 | |
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82
censure
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| v./n.责备；非难；责难 | |
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83
knights
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| 骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马 | |
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84
desolate
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|
| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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85
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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86
oasis
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| n.（沙漠中的）绿洲，宜人的地方 | |
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87
sage
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| n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的 | |
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88
fecundity
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| n.生产力；丰富 | |
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89
motives
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| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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90
underlying
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| adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的 | |
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91
rugged
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| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
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92
exterior
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| adj.外部的，外在的；表面的 | |
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93
detailed
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| adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的 | |
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94
deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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95
Forsaken
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| adj. 被遗忘的, 被抛弃的 动词forsake的过去分词 | |
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96
cramped
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| a.狭窄的 | |
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97
marrow
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| n.骨髓；精华；活力 | |
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98
plows
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| n.犁( plow的名词复数 )；犁型铲雪机v.耕( plow的第三人称单数 )；犁耕；费力穿过 | |
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99
orchards
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| （通常指围起来的）果园( orchard的名词复数 ) | |
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100
dwellings
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| n.住处，处所( dwelling的名词复数 ) | |
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101
confiscated
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| 没收，充公( confiscate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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102
desolated
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| adj.荒凉的，荒废的 | |
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103
destitute
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| adj.缺乏的；穷困的 | |
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104
relentless
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| adj.残酷的，不留情的，无怜悯心的 | |
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105
exodus
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| v.大批离去，成群外出 | |
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106
zealous
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| adj.狂热的，热心的 | |
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107
injustice
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| n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利 | |
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108
battalion
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| n.营；部队；大队(的人) | |
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109
mustered
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| v.集合，召集，集结（尤指部队）( muster的过去式和过去分词 )；（自他人处）搜集某事物；聚集；激发 | |
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110
turmoil
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| n.骚乱，混乱，动乱 | |
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111
seceded
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| v.脱离，退出( secede的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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112
demonstration
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| n.表明，示范，论证，示威 | |
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113
patriotism
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| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
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114
puffing
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| v.使喷出( puff的现在分词 )；喷着汽（或烟）移动；吹嘘；吹捧 | |
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115
magistrates
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| 地方法官，治安官( magistrate的名词复数 ) | |
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116
utterances
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| n.发声( utterance的名词复数 )；说话方式；语调；言论 | |
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117
entrench
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| v.使根深蒂固；n.壕沟；防御设施 | |
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118
luxurious
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| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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119
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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120
foe
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| n.敌人，仇敌 | |
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121
appall
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| vt.使惊骇，使大吃一惊 | |
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122
pending
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| prep.直到，等待…期间；adj.待定的；迫近的 | |
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123
daunt
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| vt.使胆怯，使气馁 | |
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124
outrage
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| n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒 | |
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125
arid
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| adj.干旱的；(土地)贫瘠的 | |
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126
avenging
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| adj.报仇的，复仇的v.为…复仇，报…之仇( avenge的现在分词 )；为…报复 | |
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127
underlies
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| v.位于或存在于（某物）之下( underlie的第三人称单数 )；构成…的基础（或起因），引起 | |
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128
wholesale
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| n.批发；adv.以批发方式；vt.批发，成批出售 | |
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129
bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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130
mantle
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| n.斗篷，覆罩之物，罩子；v.罩住，覆盖，脸红 | |
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131
warp
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| vt.弄歪，使翘曲，使不正常，歪曲，使有偏见 | |
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132
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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133
conservatories
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| n.（培植植物的）温室，暖房( conservatory的名词复数 ) | |
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134
congregate
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| v.(使)集合，聚集 | |
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135
baton
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| n.乐队用指挥杖 | |
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136
wielded
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| 手持着使用（武器、工具等）( wield的过去式和过去分词 )； 具有； 运用（权力）； 施加（影响） | |
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137
choir
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| n.唱诗班，唱诗班的席位，合唱团，舞蹈团；v.合唱 | |
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138
debut
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| n.首次演出，初次露面 | |
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139
penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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140
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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141
vexed
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| adj.争论不休的；（指问题等）棘手的；争论不休的问题；烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 )；使苦恼；使生气；详细讨论 | |
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142
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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143
renounce
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| v.放弃；拒绝承认，宣布与…断绝关系 | |
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144
lasting
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| adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持 | |
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145
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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146
sojourner
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| n.旅居者，寄居者 | |
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147
gleaning
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| n.拾落穗，拾遗，落穗v.一点点地收集（资料、事实）( glean的现在分词 )；（收割后）拾穗 | |
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148
lore
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| n.传说；学问，经验，知识 | |
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149
amassing
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| v.积累，积聚( amass的现在分词 ) | |
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150
incentive
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| n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机 | |
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151
naught
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| n.无，零 [=nought] | |
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152
countless
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| adj.无数的，多得不计其数的 | |
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153
eternity
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| n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷 | |
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154
retard
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| n.阻止，延迟；vt.妨碍，延迟，使减速 | |
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155
celestial
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| adj.天体的；天上的 | |
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156
attained
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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157
salvation
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| n.（尤指基督）救世，超度，拯救，解困 | |
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158
glorification
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| n.赞颂 | |
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159
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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160
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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161
glistening
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| adj.闪耀的，反光的v.湿物闪耀，闪亮( glisten的现在分词 ) | |
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162
gilded
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| a.镀金的，富有的 | |
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163
granite
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| adj.花岗岩，花岗石 | |
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164
outlay
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| n.费用，经费，支出；v.花费 | |
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165
creeds
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| （尤指宗教）信条，教条( creed的名词复数 ) | |
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166
plural
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| n.复数；复数形式；adj.复数的 | |
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167
tardy
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| adj.缓慢的，迟缓的 | |
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168
virtuous
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| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
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169
wrath
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| n.愤怒，愤慨，暴怒 | |
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