During the time I was an inmate1 in my master’s house, along with his mother, brothers, and sister, I attended his brother’s horse, and made myself as useful to the family as I could. At that time I had no acquaintances,—at least none to be very intimate with. I needed none. I wandered in the fields, and on the Town Moor2, alone, and amused myself with my own thoughts. When the time arrived that I was to cater3 for myself upon four shillings and sixpence per week, I went to lodge4 with my aunt Blackett, who, being the widow of a freeman,[12] kept a cow upon the Town Moor, and I was abundantly supplied with milk, which was the chief thing I lived upon.
At Mrs. Blackett’s I became acquainted with Gilbert Gray, bookbinder; and this singular and worthy5 man was perhaps the most invaluable6 acquaintance and friend I ever met with. His moral lectures and advice to me formed a most important succedaneum to those imparted by my parents. His wise remarks, his detestation of vice7, his industry, and his temperance, crowned with a most lively and cheerful disposition8, altogether made him appear to me as one of the best of characters. In his workshop I often spent my winter evenings. This was also the case with a number of young men, who might be considered as his pupils; many of whom, I have no doubt, he directed into the paths of truth and integrity, and who revered9 his memory through life. He rose early to work, lay down when he felt weary, and rose again when refreshed. His diet was of the simplest kind; and he eat when hungry, and drank when dry, without paying regard to meal times. By steadily10 pursuing this mode of life, he was enabled to accumulate sums of money—from ten to thirty pounds. This enabled him to get books, of an entertaining and moral tendency, printed and circulated at a cheap rate. His great object was, by every possible means, to promote honourable11 feelings in the minds of youth, and to prepare them for becoming good members of society. I have often discovered that he did not overlook ingenious mechanics, whose misfortunes—perhaps mismanagement—had led them to a lodging12 in Newgate. To these he directed his compassionate13 eye, and for the deserving (in his estimation), he paid their debt, and set them at liberty. He felt hurt at seeing the hands of an ingenious man tied up in prison, where they were of no use either to himself or to the community. This worthy man had been educated for a priest; but he would say to me, “of a ‘trouth,’ Thomas, I did not like their ways.” So he gave up the thoughts of being a priest, and bent14 his way from Aberdeen to Edinburgh, where he engaged himself to Allan Ramsay, the poet, then a bookseller at the latter place, in whose service he was both shopman and bookbinder. From Edinburgh he came to Newcastle. Gilbert had had a liberal education bestowed15 upon him. He had read a great deal, and had reflected upon what he had read. This, with his retentive16 memory, enabled him to be a pleasant and communicative companion. I lived in habits of intimacy17 with him to the end of his life; and, when he died, I, with others of his friends, attended his remains18 to the grave at the Ballast Hills.[13]
How long I remained with my aunt, I have now forgotten. After I left her house, I went to lodge with a person named Hatfield, whose wife was an excellent cook and market woman, and who had long lived in the family of “Willy Scott,” the father of the present Lord Chancellor19 of England. My landlord afterwards got into a very unfortunate way of doing business. Being a flax dresser, his brethren prevailed upon him and his wife to permit the tramps—or scamps—in that line to take up their lodgings20 with them. Here I was introduced, or at least had an opportunity of becoming acquainted with them, and a pretty set they were. Their conduct was wicked in the extreme. The proper effect, however, was produced upon me; for I looked upon their behaviour with the utmost disgust. After my landlord had for some time been cheated and defrauded21 by this set, he at length got done with them, and boarded and lodged22 others of a better cast of character.
Long before the death of my friend Gilbert, I had ceased to have the privilege of reading his books, and what I could save out of my wages only afforded me a scanty23 supply. I had, however, an opportunity, per favour of my master’s servant, (who admitted me early in the morning into his parlour), of reading through, with great attention, the then new publication of “Smollett’s History of England;” and, for a long time afterwards, I clearly remembered everything of note which it contained. With some of the characters therein depicted24, I was greatly pleased, but with others I was shocked and disgusted. They appeared to me like fiends obtruded25 upon the community, as a curse and a scourge26; and yet how surprising it is that some of these can be spoken of, by authors, with complacency. Another source from whence to obtain a supply of books presently fell in my way, through the kindness of William Gray, the son of Gilbert. He was a bookbinder of some repute, and this led him into employment of a superior cast to that of his father, and his workshop was often filled with works of the best authors. To these, while binding27, I had ready access; for which purpose I rose early in the morning; and to him my well-known whistle in the street was the signal for his quickly preparing to get to his work, and I remained with him till my work hour came.
I feel it as a misfortune, that a bias28, somehow or other, took place in my mind at this time, which led me deeply into the chaos29 of what is called religious works; and, for the purpose of getting into a thorough knowledge of all matters of this important kind, I spent much time, and took great pains, to obtain information; but, instead of this, I got myself into a labyrinth—bewildered with dogmas, creeds30, and opinions, mostly the fanatical reveries, or the bigoted31 inventions, of interested or designing men, that seemed to me to be without end; and, after all my pains, I left off in a more unsettled state of mind than when I began. I may be mistaken; but I think, many a well-meaning man has spun32 out his life, and spent his time, on subjects of this kind in vain. Waggon33 loads of sermons have been published—some of them, perhaps, good—in order to prove matters (in my opinion) of no importance either to religion or morality. If it be true that every thing in perfection is simple, so it must be with religion. There may be many moral and religious duties for man to fulfil in his passage through life; but the rules for doing so are so plain and easily understood that common sense only is necessary for all that is required of us in the performance of them. The beauty and simplicity34 of the doctrines35 laid down by the inspired and benevolent36 Author of the Christian37 Religion, however they may have been distorted and disfigured, are yet in themselves perfect. They may, indeed, be compared to a mathematical point—a point of perfection for all men to aim at, but to which none can fully38 attain39. The inspired writings of the prophets of old are also full of simplicity, as well as of indescribable beauty, and may be read and considered with ever-increasing delight. Poets and moralists, of more modern times, have also laboured most clearly to point out the paths which lead to religion, to virtue40, and to happiness. As far as I am able to judge, all we can do is to commune with and reverence41 and adore the Creator, and to yield with humility42 and resignation to His will. With the most serious intention of forming a right judgment43, all the conclusion I can come to is, that there is only one God and one religion; and I know of no better way of what is called serving God than that of being good to his creatures, and of fulfilling the moral duties, as that of being good sons, brothers, husbands, fathers, and members of society.
At this time, I had few that I could call intimate acquaintances. My almost only ones were books, over which I spent my time, mornings and evenings, late and early. This too intense application to books, together with my sedentary employment, and being placed at a very low work bench, took away my healthy appearance, and I put on a more delicate look, and became poorly in health. When my master saw this, he sent for medical aid, and Nathaniel Bailes,[14] surgeon, was consulted. But, before he uttered a word as to my ailment44, he took me to his own house, and there he stripped and examined me, and, looking me in the face, told me “I was as strong as a horse.” He then made up some medicine to cause expectoration. This was all soon done, but not so the lecture he gave my master, whom he addressed in terms which I thought both long and rude. “What!” said he, “have you no more sense than to set a growing, country lad to work, doubled up at a low bench, which will inevitably45 destroy him?” and, in his passion, he cursed Mr. Beilby for his ignorance or something worse. From this time the Doctor took a liking46 to me, and often criticised my work. He also took great pains to direct me how to live and to manage myself, under so sedentary an employment; and an intimacy commenced between us which lasted as long as he lived. He urged upon me the necessity of temperance and exercise. I then began to act upon his advice, and to live as he directed, both as to diet and exercise. I had read “Lewis Cornaro,” and other books, which treated of temperance; and I greatly valued the advice given in the “Spectator,” which strongly recommended all people to have their days of abstinence. Through life I have experienced the uncommon47 benefit derived48 from occasionally pursuing this plan, which always keeps the stomach in proper tone. I regularly pursued my walks, and, whilst thus exercising, my mind was commonly engaged in devising plans for my conduct in life.
For a long time, both in summer and winter, I went to Elswick three times a day, at the expense of a penny each time for bread and milk. I had an hour allowed me for dinner; and, as to my mornings and evenings, I could take a much longer time. A very small matter of animal food, when I missed going to Elswick, was amply sufficient for me; for I think my constitution did not require to be stimulated49. By persevering50 in this system of temperance and exercise, I was astonished to find how much I improved in health, strength, and agility51. I thought nothing of leaving Newcastle after I had done work—7 o’clock—on a winter’s night, and of setting off to walk to Cherryburn. In this I was stimulated by an ardent52 desire to visit my parents as often as possible; and the desire continued to act upon me as long as they lived.
In my solitary53 walks (as before noticed), the first resolution made was that of living within my income; and another of similar import, was that of never getting anything upon trust; but, indeed, my limited income, at this time, led me carefully to observe these rules, and I have never since forgotten them. The train of reflections they brought along with them has also dwelt upon my mind. I could not help observing the inevitable54 ill consequences which a contrary course (at first entered upon, perhaps, unthinkingly) led thousands into, and the misery55 it entailed56. The more I have thought upon this subject, the more clearly I have seen its importance. Getting into debt is followed by leading people to live beyond their incomes; and this makes all who do so, soon become demoralised and dishonest; and, when the mind has been thus blunted and degraded, anxiety and trouble must be its attendants, till vice and misery close the scene.
Amongst the acquaintances I made at the workshops of Gilbert and William Grey, was William Bulmer, afterwards rendered famous as the proprietor57 of the Shakespeare Printing Office, in Cleveland Row, London, who was the first that set the example, and soon led the way, to fine printing in England. He used, while he was an apprentice58, to prove the cuts I had executed. In this he was countenanced59 by his master, John Thompson, who was himself extremely curious and eager to see wood engraving60 succeed; for at that time the printing of wood cuts was very imperfectly known.
About this time I commenced a most intimate acquaintance and friendship with Robert Pollard, afterwards an engraver61 and printseller of eminence63 in London. He was bound apprentice to John Kirkup, a silversmith in Newcastle; and, from his being frequently sent to our workshop with crests64, cyphers, &c., to engrave62, he took a great liking to engraving, and was indefatigable65 in his endeavours to become master of it. In furtherance of this, we spent many of our evenings together at his father’s house, which to me was a kind of home. On his master declining business, my young friend was engaged for a term of years to learn engraving with Isaac Taylor, of Holborn, London.
In my frequent visits to the workshops of Gilbert Grey, and to that of his son William, I first fell in with Thomas Spence.[15] He was one of the warmest philanthropists in the world. The happiness of mankind seemed with him to absorb every other consideration. He was of a cheerful disposition, warm in his attachment66 to his friends, and in his patriotism67 to his country; but he was violent against people whom he considered of an opposite character. With such he kept no bounds. For the purpose chiefly of making converts to his opinion “that property in land is everyone’s right,” he got a number of young men gathered together, and formed into a debating society, which was held in the evenings in his school-room, in the Broad Garth, Newcastle. One night when his favourite question was to be debated, he reckoned upon me as one of his “backers.” In this, however, he was mistaken; for, notwithstanding my tacitly assenting69 in a certain degree to his plan,—viz., as to the probability of its succeeding in some uninhabited country or island,—I could not at all agree with him in thinking it right to upset the present state of society, by taking from people what is their own, and then launching out upon his speculations70. I considered that property ought to be held sacred, and, besides, that the honestly obtaining of it was the great stimulant71 to industry, which kept all things in order, and society in full health and vigour72. The question having been given against him without my having said a word in its defence, he became swollen73 with indignation, which, after the company was gone, he vented74 upon me. To reason with him was useless. He began by calling me—from my silence—“a Sir Walter Blackett;”[16] adding, “If I had been as stout75 as you are, I would have thrashed you, but there is another way in which I can do the business, and have at you.” He then produced a pair of cudgels, and to work we fell. He did not know that I was a proficient76 in cudgel playing, and I soon found that he was very defective77. After I had blackened the insides of his thighs78 and arms, he became quite outrageous79 and acted very unfairly, which obliged me to give him a severe beating.
I cut the steel punches for Spence’s types, and my master struck them on the matrices for casting his newly-invented letters of the alphabet, for his “Spelling and Pronouncing Dictionary.” He published, in London, many curious books in his peculiar80 way of spelling. Most of them, I believe, on his favourite subject of property in land being everyone’s right. However mistaken he might be in his notions on this subject, I am clearly of opinion that his intentions were both sincere and honest.
The next most eccentric individual, and at the same time one of the most worthy characters, I early became acquainted with was George Gray, son of Gilbert, and half-brother of William Gray. He was bound apprentice to a man of the name of Jones, a fruit painter. The latter, who, I believe, was accounted eminent81 in his profession, lived beyond his income, and departed from Newcastle. George being thus left to himself, commenced in the same way of business, and became eminent as a fruit painter; but, from his versatility82 of disposition, he dipped into almost every art and science, and excelled in many pursuits. He was accounted one of the best botanists83 and chemists in this part of the country. He was also a geologist84, and was fixed85 upon as a leader or director to a party employed by Prince Poniatowsky, to take a survey of the various strata86 of Poland; but George, being slovenly87 in his dress and negligent88 in his person, felt himself slighted, and left those who put on a more respectable appearance to profit by his superior knowledge, and to do the best they could, and he returned home. Whether it was before or after this time I have forgotten, but he visited North America, and travelled in quest of knowledge pretty far into the interior of that country. On his return he resumed his old employment, in a room never cleaned or swept, and surrounded with models, crucibles89, gallipots, brushes, paints, palettes, bottles, jars, retorts, and distills, in such a chaos of confusion as no words can describe. From this sanctum sanctorum, he corresponded with gentlemen of science in London and other parts. Few men were better liked by private friends—as well for his knowledge as for his honesty, and the genuine simplicity of his manners.[17]
In addition to the various jobs already noticed as keeping my master and myself fully employed, I had others which fell exclusively to my lot to execute; and, amongst these were the mathematical works of Charles Hutton, who frequently came into the room in which I worked, to inspect what I was doing. He was always very civil, but seemed to me to be of a grave or shy deportment. He lived in habits of intimacy with my master, and used to write designs for him to engrave from, particularly for the heads of invoices90 or bills of parcels; and I remember that he wrote them with an ink, or preparation, which was easily transferred to the copper91. This was before his appointment in the royal military academy of Woolwich, in 1773, and long before he had the well-merited title of L.L.D. added to his respected name. Dr. Hutton was that kind of man, who never forget old friends; and, some years after, when I was in partnership92 with my old master, he recommended us to the notice of Dr. Horsley,[18] who was commencing his publication of Sir Isaac Newton’s works, the execution of the whole of the cuts for which devolved upon me. This transaction took place in 1778.
I continued to take up my abode93 with Hatfield, and, the spirits being bouyant, everything pleased me. I cannot help noticing the happy time I spent there. I was also entertained with the curious characters who resorted to his house. These were mostly bird-catchers and bird-dealers, to whose narratives94 respecting their pursuits I listened with interest. My landlord was almost constantly busied in rearing a numerous brood of canaries, which he sold to a bird merchant, who travelled with them to Edinburgh, Glasgow, &c., for sale.
I also, at various periods of the time I remained under Hatfield’s roof, got into a knowledge of the misguided ways which too many young fellows pursued; and I watched, and saw the wretched consequences of the kind of life they led. I felt grieved for them, and did all in my power to dissuade95 them from pursuing such a course of life. For this advice they laughed at me, and called me “the old man.” It was not very long, however, till two of them sent for me to come and see them on their death beds. The die was cast, and I cannot forget their thanks to me, and the bitterness with which they reproached themselves for not listening to what I had so sincerely recommended. Such conduct as I have been alluding96 to appears to me to be of the very blackest die. It is amongst the most shocking of murders. It is to be regretted that the seducer97 and the seduced98 cannot be obliged to live together for life, and, while they live, be allowed to herd99 only with such as themselves; for they ought to be banished100 from the society of the modest and virtuous101 part of the community. I think it a great omission102 in parents and teachers not to make unguarded youth fully apprized of the risks they run in towns of getting acquainted with the lost and polluted women of this stamp. Nothing can be so sure a guard against this vice as that of making young men see it in its true light—to be disgusted at it. Magistrates103, no doubt, have it in their power, in some degree, to lessen104 this great evil, by preventing abandoned women from appearing in the streets of a town; but I have often felt for magistrates on account of the great and gratuitous105 trouble they take, and the difficulties they must have to encounter, in their endeavours to keep the wicked within due bounds.
My last fellow-lodgers, before I was out of my apprenticeship106, were John Hymers, who had been a sergeant107 in the Life Guards, and had retired108 upon his pension, and Whittaker Shadforth, a watchmaker, and also a musician. The latter was of a quite different character from those before noticed, but was wild, enthusiastic, and romantic. Among the many whims109 and fancies we indulged in, one of them was to learn the manual exercise. The sergeant, who had often laughed at our follies110, very readily agreed to undertake this task, provided we would strictly111 obey the rules he prescribed to us. This we agreed to. He began with a kind of lecture on the necessity of soldiers being obedient to their officers, and standing68 like a brick wall without flinching112; adding that he would not use his cane113 upon our backs, but only to put us in mind to be very attentive114. This being settled, we were in the mornings to appear before him in “bare buff,” that is, without our shirts and upper-clothing. This discipline was pursued steadily for some time, notwithstanding the switches he gave us on our bare backs with his rod or cane, which we bore with the utmost sang froid. I think the sergeant, notwithstanding the entertainment we thus afforded him, began to tire first; for he at last lay in bed while he was giving us our lessons, and at length gave the business up.
From the length of time I had known and noticed Miss Beilby, I had formed a strong attachment to her, but could not make this known to her or to any one else. I could have married her before I was done with my apprenticeship without any fears on my part, but I felt for her, and pined and fretted115 at so many bars being in the way of our union. One of the greatest was the supposed contempt in which I was held by the rest of the family, who, I thought, treated me with great hauteur116, though I had done everything in my power to oblige them. I had, like a stable boy, waited upon their horse; and had cheerfully done everything they wanted at my hands till one of the brothers grossly affronted117 me in the business of the stable. This I instantly resented, and refused attendance there any more. Before I was out of my time, Miss Beilby had a paralytic118 stroke, which very greatly altered her look, and rendered her for some time unhappy. Long after this she went with her eldest119 brother into Fifeshire, where she died.
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1
inmate
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| n.被收容者；(房屋等的)居住人；住院人 | |
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moor
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| n.荒野，沼泽；vt.(使)停泊；vi.停泊 | |
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cater
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| vi.(for/to)满足，迎合；(for)提供饮食及服务 | |
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lodge
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| v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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invaluable
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| adj.无价的，非常宝贵的，极为贵重的 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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revered
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| v.崇敬，尊崇，敬畏( revere的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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lodging
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| n.寄宿，住所；(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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compassionate
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| adj.有同情心的，表示同情的 | |
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bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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retentive
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| v.保留的，有记忆的；adv.有记性地，记性强地；n.保持力 | |
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intimacy
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| n.熟悉，亲密，密切关系，亲昵的言行 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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chancellor
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| n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长 | |
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lodgings
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| n. 出租的房舍, 寄宿舍 | |
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defrauded
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| v.诈取，骗取( defraud的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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lodged
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| v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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scanty
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| adj.缺乏的，仅有的，节省的，狭小的，不够的 | |
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depicted
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| 描绘，描画( depict的过去式和过去分词 )； 描述 | |
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obtruded
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| v.强行向前，强行，强迫( obtrude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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scourge
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| n.灾难，祸害；v.蹂躏 | |
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binding
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| 有约束力的，有效的，应遵守的 | |
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bias
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| n.偏见，偏心，偏袒；vt.使有偏见 | |
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chaos
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| n.混乱，无秩序 | |
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creeds
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| （尤指宗教）信条，教条( creed的名词复数 ) | |
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bigoted
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| adj.固执己见的，心胸狭窄的 | |
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spun
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| v.纺，杜撰，急转身 | |
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waggon
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| n.运货马车，运货车；敞篷车箱 | |
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simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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doctrines
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| n.教条( doctrine的名词复数 )；教义；学说；（政府政策的）正式声明 | |
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benevolent
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| adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的 | |
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Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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attain
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| vt.达到，获得，完成 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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41
reverence
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| n.敬畏，尊敬，尊严；Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称；v.尊敬，敬畏，崇敬 | |
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42
humility
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| n.谦逊，谦恭 | |
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43
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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44
ailment
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| n.疾病，小病 | |
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45
inevitably
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| adv.不可避免地；必然发生地 | |
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46
liking
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| n.爱好；嗜好；喜欢 | |
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47
uncommon
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| adj.罕见的，非凡的，不平常的 | |
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48
derived
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| vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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49
stimulated
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| a.刺激的 | |
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50
persevering
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| a.坚忍不拔的 | |
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51
agility
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| n.敏捷，活泼 | |
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52
ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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53
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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54
inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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55
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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56
entailed
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| 使…成为必要( entail的过去式和过去分词 )； 需要； 限定继承； 使必需 | |
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57
proprietor
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| n.所有人；业主；经营者 | |
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58
apprentice
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| n.学徒，徒弟 | |
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59
countenanced
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| v.支持，赞同，批准( countenance的过去式 ) | |
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60
engraving
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| n.版画；雕刻（作品）；雕刻艺术；镌版术v.在（硬物）上雕刻（字，画等）( engrave的现在分词 )；将某事物深深印在（记忆或头脑中） | |
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61
engraver
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| n.雕刻师，雕工 | |
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62
engrave
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| vt.（在...上）雕刻，使铭记，使牢记 | |
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63
eminence
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| n.卓越，显赫；高地，高处；名家 | |
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64
crests
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| v.到达山顶（或浪峰）( crest的第三人称单数 )；到达洪峰，达到顶点 | |
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65
indefatigable
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| adj.不知疲倦的，不屈不挠的 | |
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66
attachment
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| n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附 | |
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67
patriotism
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| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
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68
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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assenting
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| 同意，赞成( assent的现在分词 ) | |
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70
speculations
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| n.投机买卖( speculation的名词复数 )；思考；投机活动；推断 | |
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71
stimulant
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| n.刺激物，兴奋剂 | |
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72
vigour
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| （=vigor）n.智力，体力，精力 | |
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73
swollen
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| adj.肿大的，水涨的；v.使变大，肿胀 | |
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vented
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| 表达，发泄（感情，尤指愤怒）( vent的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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proficient
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| adj.熟练的，精通的；n.能手，专家 | |
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77
defective
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| adj.有毛病的，有问题的，有瑕疵的 | |
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thighs
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| n.股，大腿( thigh的名词复数 )；食用的鸡（等的）腿 | |
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outrageous
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| adj.无理的，令人不能容忍的 | |
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80
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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eminent
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| adj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的 | |
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82
versatility
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| n.多才多艺，多样性，多功能 | |
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83
botanists
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| n.植物学家，研究植物的人( botanist的名词复数 ) | |
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geologist
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| n.地质学家 | |
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85
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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86
strata
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| n.地层（复数）；社会阶层 | |
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87
slovenly
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| adj.懒散的，不整齐的，邋遢的 | |
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88
negligent
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| adj.疏忽的；玩忽的；粗心大意的 | |
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89
crucibles
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| n.坩埚，严酷的考验（ crucible的名词复数 ） | |
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invoices
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| 发票( invoice的名词复数 )； （发货或服务）费用清单； 清单上货物的装运； 货物的托运 | |
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91
copper
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| n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的 | |
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92
partnership
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| n.合作关系，伙伴关系 | |
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93
abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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94
narratives
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| 记叙文( narrative的名词复数 )； 故事； 叙述； 叙述部分 | |
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95
dissuade
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| v.劝阻，阻止 | |
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96
alluding
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| 提及，暗指( allude的现在分词 ) | |
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97
seducer
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| n.诱惑者,骗子,玩弄女性的人 | |
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98
seduced
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| 诱奸( seduce的过去式和过去分词 )； 勾引； 诱使堕落； 使入迷 | |
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99
herd
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| n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起 | |
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100
banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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101
virtuous
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| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
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102
omission
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| n.省略，删节；遗漏或省略的事物，冗长 | |
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103
magistrates
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| 地方法官，治安官( magistrate的名词复数 ) | |
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104
lessen
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| vt.减少，减轻；缩小 | |
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105
gratuitous
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| adj.无偿的，免费的；无缘无故的，不必要的 | |
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106
apprenticeship
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| n.学徒身份；学徒期 | |
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107
sergeant
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| n.警官，中士 | |
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108
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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109
WHIMS
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| 虚妄，禅病 | |
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110
follies
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| 罪恶，时事讽刺剧； 愚蠢，蠢笨，愚蠢的行为、思想或做法( folly的名词复数 ) | |
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111
strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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112
flinching
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| v.（因危险和痛苦）退缩，畏惧( flinch的现在分词 ) | |
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113
cane
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| n.手杖，细长的茎，藤条；v.以杖击，以藤编制的 | |
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114
attentive
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| adj.注意的，专心的；关心(别人)的，殷勤的 | |
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115
fretted
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| 焦躁的，附有弦马的，腐蚀的 | |
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116
hauteur
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| n.傲慢 | |
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117
affronted
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| adj.被侮辱的，被冒犯的v.勇敢地面对( affront的过去式和过去分词 )；相遇 | |
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118
paralytic
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| adj. 瘫痪的 n. 瘫痪病人 | |
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119
eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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