The life and position of woman in Mexico varies much by reason of the heterogeneous1 character of the population. Because of the absence of a clearly defined middle class it is a fairly safe proposition to say that there are but two classes in Mexico, Creoles and Indians. Creoles include all those who are Europeans or in whom the European blood predominates. Domestic life among the Creole class savours of the East. The ideas with respect to women are Moorish2 rather than American. Although not obliged to appear on the street with face enshrouded in a shawl or veil, yet the young woman who has respect for her good name would not go abroad without the duenna, or some female companion. Another reminder3 of Oriental exclusiveness is seen in the life of the ladies of the wealthier classes who always drive in closed carriages even in this land of[163] balmy air and splendid sunshine and, when shopping, do not deign4 to leave the carriage.
On account of the restrictions5 against the appearance of women in public, the custom grew up in Spain and Mexico of allowing them to use the windows and balconies for observation. In the cool of the evening the windows on the streets are opened and women, especially the young ladies, appear there to watch the carriages and passers-by and nod to their friends. The home life and social restrictions toward women are inherited from Spanish ancestors who were at one time the aristocracy and ruling class of Mexico. Nowhere is the sentiment of home stronger than among the Creoles. There may be no such word as home in his vocabulary but the casa, or house, of the Mexican is his castle and he protects it in every way from prying7 eyes. One writer has expressed his view as follows:—“The intense feeling of individuality which so strongly marks the Spanish character and which in the political world is so fatal an element of strife8 and obstruction9, favours this peculiar10 domesticity. The Castillian is submissive to his king and his priest; haughty11 and inflexible12 with his equals. But his own house is a refuge from the contests of out of doors.”
[164]
In the home the father is absolute lord and master and all bow to him. There never comes a time when the children are not subject more or less to parental13 authority. Yet, in general, the sway is so mild that it is readily yielded to and is scarcely felt. Grown-up sons and daughters do not forget the respect and obedience14 that was expected of them when they were children. The reverence15 for parents increases with the passing of the years. A man never grows too old to kiss the hand of his aged16 mother. The old lady dressed in sombre black and who looks like a poor relation may be the one whose wishes rule. Harmony does not exist in every family and the exceptions are striking ones. Where quarrels and family dissensions do occur, the pride and jealousy17 of the race renders them the bitterest and fiercest in the world. These vindictive18 feuds19 in families frequently led to duels20 and stabbing affrays to defend personal honour and dignity in former days. A man and wife will often live for years beneath the same roof without speaking. They cannot be divorced but neither will speak the first word and each rather admires the grit21 of the other.
The home life is jealously shielded from curious eyes. In no place in the world is the[165] social circle more closely guarded than among the higher classes in the City of Mexico. The thick walls, the barred, prison-like windows and the massive, well-guarded doors prevent intrusion and perhaps serve to foster this inclination22 to lead exclusive lives. Cultured Americans, unless in the official set, who have lived there for years have found it impossible to break into these exclusive circles. Whether this action is due to jealousy, diffidence, a feeling of superiority, or aversion to aliens the fact remains23 that they are very loth to admit Americans into the privacy of their homes. The foreigner has few opportunities of judging intelligently of the women for they are immured24 so closely within the four walls of their dwellings25. Social life in the semi-public, gregarious26 ways of American cities is unknown and would not suit these privacy-loving, domestic women.
In “The Awakening27 of a Nation” the author, Mr. C. F. Lummis, gives a very good description of the Creole woman: “Always and everywhere the Spanish-American female face is interesting; at least as often as in other bloods it is beautiful. Photographs tell but half the story, for complexion28 is beyond them. But a certain clearness of feature, the almost[166] invariable beauty of the eyes and fine strength of the brows seem as much a Spanish birthright as the high-bred hand and foot. Not even the Parisian face is so flexible in expression, so fit for archness, so graphic29 to the mood. Yet there is a certain presence in it not to be unnoticed, not to be forgotten. To no woman on earth is religion a more vital, ever-present, all-pervading actuality; and that is why you meet the face of the Madonna almost literally30 at every corner in Spanish-America. And it is not a superficial thing. There is none to whom the wife-heart, the mother-heart is truer-womanly.”
The Mexican men are passionate31 admirers of the fair sex. Perhaps it is because of the bewitchery of their black, sparkling eyes. Certainly it is not on account of the white paste which is plastered over their faces or the rouge32 on their lips. Nor have they added to their attractiveness by the substitution of the Parisian hat for the graceful33 lace mantilla which lent itself so well to the gentle art of coquetry. There are many handsome women among the Creoles but they are not all beautiful as some writers would lead the reader to infer. They are bright, vivacious34 and naturally clever. They have a quick understanding which only[167] needs to be cultivated and perhaps this intelligence is quicker and more active than that of the men. They can weave and embroider36 with taste and skill. They know a little music and a little French but, in the American sense, they are not well educated. The real intellectual element is wanting and the understanding is uncultivated. The higher education for women has not received the stamp of approval in this land of “to-morrow” and the sex has not yet become an important factor in the business or professional world. “If only learned wives,” says one, “are responsible for that poor, down-trodden, pitiable specimen37 of man called the henpecked husband, then a timid man would be safe in choosing a Mexican wife.” The patriarchal element of society in which man is recognized as lord and master is still in force among these people. The question of woman’s rights has never yet agitated38 the bosoms39 of these gentle women.
Domestic freedom in the sense understood by Americans is absent. The daughters are closely watched by their mothers who seldom permit them out of their sight unless accompanied by some older woman or faithful servant. Such a thing as permitting a daughter to have a young man call on her or accompany[168] her to the theatre would never enter the mind of the Mexican mother. In her estimation the men do not deserve any confidence until they are married. The man, of course, thinks that these precautions are unnecessarily cruel. Nevertheless mammas think they are essential, pater familias approves and so the custom remains. Perhaps it is these restrictions that are responsible for the reputation the se?oritas, or young women, have of being flirts41 or coquettes. They are overflowing42 with life and spirits and their black eyes look so full of mischief43 that sometimes they seem to be just spoiling for a flirtation44. They are very animated45 in conversation and in talking keep time with hands, knees, shoulders, elbows and face. Their talk is full of the most extravagant46 and seemingly profane47 expressions.
“Oh, Jesus!” says one girl, “what a fetching hat.”
“Mary Most Pure,” replies her companion, “it must have cost five pesos.”
They can stare an American out of countenance48 and look him straight in the eye but it is only a look of curiosity. The social pleasures resulting from the intermingling of the sexes that are so common with us are not enjoyed by them. At a dance the men retire to[169] one side of the room after a number and the women take seats on the opposite side. Marriages among the wealthier classes are generally made by the parents without consultation49 with the principals in an affair supposed to be of the hearts. After the formal engagement the intended husband is allowed to call on his fiancée in the presence of the entire family and may take her out to the theatre when accompanied by the mother and all the female members of the household. Marriage is a formidable undertaking50 for the groom51 must furnish the entire bridal outfit52, in addition to the house and its furnishings. Two ceremonies become necessary, too, if the couple wish to be married by the rites53 of the church. The civil ceremony is absolutely essential and cannot be dispensed54 with for under the law this is the only legal marriage. And yet with all these inconveniences to courtship and matrimony, bachelors are less numerous than they are where every facility is granted for love making.
Love and religion are practically the only two subjects with which a se?orita is expected to concern herself. She is, probably, not intentionally55 or by nature a flirt40 and she might scorn to inveigle56 in her meshes57 the heart of[170] an admirer, but she cannot refrain from using her irresistible58 eyes or entirely59 avoid the coquettish use of the indispensable fan with its wordless telegraphy. The Mexican lover pays extravagant homage60 to his sweetheart and a woman nowhere else is paid such delicate and elaborate compliments. The Spanish method of courtship in which the lady is pictured as sitting at a barred window or leaning from a balcony to listen to the honeyed phrases of her lover or the music of his guitar has reached its highest state of perfection in Mexico.
In the current language of that country a man who is courting a woman is “playing the bear.” It is so named from the restless walking to and fro of the love-stricken youth in front of the window of his inamorata, in a manner not unlike a captive bear in a cage. The same method pursued in the United States would either result in a man being sent to the lunatic asylum61 as suffering from a “brain storm” or to the workhouse.
“PLAYING THE BEAR”
A young man who sees a young lady on the street whom he admires, begins by following her home although it may be days or weeks before he will venture to speak to her. Having reached her casa he will begin the hacer el oso, or “playing the bear,” by walking back[171] and forth62 in front of the house or standing35 on the street with his eyes fixed63 upon her windows or balconies for hours at a time, days and nights alike. The young lady, if interested at all, will remain back of the curtain and the slightest movement of the curtains or blinds is a sign that she is not entirely indifferent. After a day or two she may show her face or wave her hand as a further mark of encouragement, and after several days she may appear on the balcony for a few moments. If she goes to church the lover is probably not far behind and an occasional smile or glance from her eyes of midnight is given him as a reward for his faithfulness. Next come daily salutes65 and smiles when the lover appears. Flowers are sent by the aid of the water-carriers or charcoal-vendors in which notes are concealed66. A system of wireless-telegraphy communication is established by means of a fan on one side and a cigarette on the other. This medium of communication has been developed until it has become an elaborate code. Letters become more and more endearing. When the courtship has so far advanced that the lovers will talk, the moonlight nights are all devoted67 to the love-making and several pairs of lovers can be seen on almost any street by the late[172] home-comer—he on the sidewalk, she at the window. This courtship frequently extends over a period of years and the lover who makes himself so ridiculous sometimes loses the girl then. Jacob’s seven-year probation68 has many counterparts among the Romeos of Mexico.
A young woman of my acquaintance and her sister recently visited a family in one of the large cities in Mexico. Like all young women they soon became interested in the subject of Mexican courtship and began to sigh for a “bear.” Every time they returned from a trip down town a watch was kept from the window to see if a “bear” followed. At last one of these creatures appeared and began to pace in front of the house with his eyes bent70 upon the window opening out on the balcony. Contrary to all precedents71 and to the surprise of the neighbourhood, these women could not resist the temptation to go out on the balcony on this first occasion. This was such marked encouragement that the man came day after day to see las Se?oritas Americanas and was still coming when their visit ended.
American women who have married Mexican husbands have found the ideas of the two races so radically72 opposed that the unions have not been harmonious73. Their verdict is that a Mexican[173] man makes an ideal lover because of his delicate attentions and consideration, but an unsatisfactory husband since he does not make his wife a companion and confidante such as an American woman considers her right and privilege.
The individuality of the woman is not so completely merged74 in that of her husband at marriage as in the United States. The woman retains her own name but adds that of her husband. Miss Mary Smith who marries Mr. John Jones becomes Mrs. Mary Smith de Jones, and she is not called so exclusively by her husband’s name. However, when the Mexican woman is married she accommodates herself to the station in life provided by her husband. The wife usually accepts whatever condition fate has provided for her and bears it with patience and fortitude75. They endure the petty ills of life with great cheerfulness. They do not go into society much as custom keeps them from attending mixed assemblages frequently. Their world is generally confined to their home, husband and children. An American woman would sigh for liberty if compelled to live this life. The Mexican woman in America shrinks from the freedom prevalent here and desires the seclusion76 of her native land. Families are[174] usually large so that home duties require a great deal of attention. The respect and courtesy paid by children to their parents is truly delightful77 to witness and shows a real goodness of heart in them.
The mother cannot bear to see her family separated. She wants them all to stay close together so that each one can stop in and see her every day. The mothers are loving and tender and idolize their boys. It is regarded as a terrible thing, scarcely to be borne, for their sons to go out into the world as American youths do. To go to a distant city is like being transported to Australia. Even when they remain near home the mothers are very solicitous78 for fear they will work too hard. On each saint’s day, which is religiously observed, presents are given and an old-fashioned dinner, to which all the cousins, aunts and uncles are invited, is served. In starting on a journey to a not-distant city, the youth must visit all his relatives in the neighbourhood and bid adieu.
It is interesting to notice these traits in an age of growing indifference79; but not a little of the lack of progress in Mexico can be attributed to this unwillingness80 to sever64 home ties. Many of these young men could do better for[175] themselves away from home but a mother’s pleadings and a mother’s tears keep them at home. Even after marriage they frequently continue to live under the same roof.
The religious element enters very largely into the life of women. Their very names are a constant reminder of their worship. Many of them are christened Mary with one of the attributes of the Virgin81 or some incident in the life of the Virgin added such as Conception, Annunciation, Sorrows or Assumption. Or there are the attributes such as Mary of the Sorrows, of the Gifts, Miracles, Tears, etc. Religion is sustained by the women and you will seldom see men at the services unless it is some poor Indian. They are very pious82 in their way and attend to their religious duties with the same interest that they perform their toilet. The concrete symbols and observances of the church have a great influence over them. At mass these pious worshippers always dress in sombre black. They are very particular in training their children in the principles of the Church. Formerly83 great faith was placed in the healing power of certain shrines84 and relics85 but this is now dying out under the advance of modern physicians and their healing remedies. They are still great[176] believers in signs, omens86 and other supernatural manifestations87.
Above all these women are kind hearted and charitable. Though carefully guarding their homes, yet if a stranger is admitted into the family he is received with a generous welcome. Should he return after long absence, he is greeted almost as one of the family and without reservation. He is not only permitted but encouraged to call all the members by their given names and to use the pronoun tu or “thou” in his intercourse88 with them. This is an especial privilege among Spanish people who are very particular about familiarity in address. They will oftentimes deprive themselves for a friend. They have their faults too. Although smoking is not countenanced89 in public it is said that many of them smoke in their boudoirs and in the company of friends of their own sex. A great deal has been said of their lack of morality but this is a subject upon which only those very familiar with the facts should dare to speak, for it cannot be treated lightly, or solely90 with the intention of casting a slur91 on another race.
WASHING ON THE BANKS OF A STREAM
The lives of the Indian women of Mexico present a far different picture. Instead of living in great palaces, their homes are in little[177] adobe92 cabins of one room, perhaps without the luxury of a window, or in bamboo huts covered with plantain leaves without chairs or table and only a mat of husks for a bed. There is no seclusion in their lives and the real duties of life begin at a very early age. I cannot call them serious duties for it is doubtful if these people regard any of the obligations of life as very serious. Their early experiences are with its hard realities. They can be seen on the streets and around their homes with baby brothers or sisters swung across their backs when they themselves are so small that the burden seems far too heavy for them. On the banks of the streams they can be seen doing the family washing with a great amount of rubbing and pounding and wringing93. To the fountains and wells they come carrying earthen jars on their heads, which they fill with water and replace with a grace and charm that excites admiration94.
Some of the Indian maids are handsome. Yet you can tell just what their future lives will be by observing those of the parents. They will live in the same squalor, the same poverty as their ancestors have dwelt for centuries. They will go through life bareheaded and barefooted and empty-minded just[178] as the generations which preceded have done. At twenty they have begun to fade and at thirty they retain scarcely a trace of their beauty. This is due to hard labour and deprivations95. At fourteen few are unmarried or at least unmated. The marriage ceremony is frequently omitted because of the high charges of the priesthood, yet both parties are usually faithful. The number of children among this class is truly marvellous. More than one half of the younger women when seen on the street have infant children with them.
No people could be more poorly housed or more poorly equipped for domestic duties than these small brown women; and none use the little they have to better advantage or are more loyal to the man they call lord and master. They frequently live and sleep on the bare ground and possess no more clothing than they have on their bodies. They will pound away at the metate, or stone kneading-board, all day making the tortillas which are both bread and meat to the peon class. These comely96 Indian women will bend their lithe97, active bodies for hours washing clothes on large round stones which serve as wash-boards.
Their clothes are simple and the latest fashion has no attraction. The rebosa is a universal[179] garment and answers for a shawl, a carry-all for babies and bundles, and a covering for the owner at night. These black-eyed women with their half-concealed faces, sober, unemotional manners, high-coloured garments and curious Egyptian-shaped pottery98 might well be from the shores of the Red Sea. Their love of warm, bright colours is even seen in their love for flowers since the many-hued, brilliant-coloured blossoms are everywhere. Mignonettes and roses, flowering geraniums and scarlet99 poppies, gigantic oleanders and dainty pansies share attention with the brilliant-hued tropical birds in gayest colours which usually hang beside the open door in a home-made cage of dried rushes. They are faithful workers in fancy work and will follow the most intricate design and reproduce it with fidelity100 and ease. Their art needle work on handkerchiefs and other linen101 articles is extremely fine and their drawn102 work is praised everywhere. It is not the work of the dainty fingers of educated women but of very humble103 and ignorant peon women in floorless cabins of adobe and of hands accustomed to drudgery104.
The women of Tehuantepec are remarkable105 for their beauty of face and form. They are easily the finest looking Indian women in[180] America and in beauty of figure will compare with any race in the world. They are dark-skinned, almost a soft olive-brown, with sparkling dark eyes, masses of wavy106 hair, exquisite107 features and beautiful teeth, which are kept clean and white. Their carriage will attract attention, for they walk erect108 and with a peculiar stride probably due to the prevailing109 habit of carrying baskets and water jars always on the head, where they are carefully balanced. They are small in stature110, with fine limbs, and seem born models for an artist.
The “Tehuanas” wear a quaint69 head-dress called “huepil,” which is made of coarse white lace. It is arranged in three different ways according to the occasion. At a dance it is wound round the neck and stands out like a huge Elizabethan ruff. In church it is put on the head something like a Boulogne fish-wife’s cap. For ordinary wear it is simply laid back on the hair and the folds hang down the back resembling somewhat the feather head-dress of a North American Indian chief. It is indeed curious but is quite befitting. They always dress becomingly, with the quaint little short jackets which expose a section of brown back above the skirt band and are cut low about the neck in a fashion that women the world[181] over have found graceful, and with extremely short sleeves. On extraordinary occasions this short jacket, or waist, is of richer material embroidered111 in handsome designs of brilliant colours. Some of the designs show oriental characteristics. The skirt of the dress is of soft material, linen or cotton, to the knees and below the knees is of a heavy lace or embroidery112 starched113 very stiff. The material used is not the usual cheap and gaudy114 fabrics115 sold to the Mexican Indian, but is of good quality and specially6 made by a certain Manchester house for these people.
These belles116 of Tehuantepec have a great liking117 for American gold coins which are worn on necklaces. British sovereigns or French napoleons are usually not desired, but a big premium118 will be paid for the eagle, half eagle, or double eagles of Uncle Sam. Every centavo that a woman can save goes into her fund for purchasing gold pieces. The gorgeous necklace with the gold coins attached makes a showy and rather beautiful ornament119. The fortune and standing of a “Tehuana” is indicated by the number of gold coins on her necklace. One Tehuantepec heiress has—it is said—a necklace which is valued at three thousand dollars. The most striking feature in the dress of these[182] women is that not one will wear shoes. Dressed in all her finery, head-dress, starched skirt, polka-dot waist, necklace and smile, she will appear barefooted—a strange anomaly. Without shoes they will dance over a stone floor, or even a dirt, gravel-bestrewn surface, with a grace that violates all rules of art. These dusky princesses will be found as graceful as gazelles on all occasions.
A visit to Tehuantepec will long be remembered for it is an experience not easily forgotten. The quaint costumes, the striking dress, and the proud people combine to make a memory worth carrying away.
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1
heterogeneous
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| adj.庞杂的；异类的 | |
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moorish
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| adj.沼地的，荒野的，生[住]在沼地的 | |
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reminder
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| n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示 | |
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deign
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| v. 屈尊, 惠允 ( 做某事) | |
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restrictions
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| 约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则） | |
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specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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prying
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| adj.爱打听的v.打听，刺探（他人的私事）( pry的现在分词 )；撬开 | |
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strife
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| n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争 | |
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obstruction
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| n.阻塞，堵塞；障碍物 | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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haughty
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| adj.傲慢的，高傲的 | |
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inflexible
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| adj.不可改变的，不受影响的，不屈服的 | |
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parental
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| adj.父母的；父的；母的 | |
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obedience
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| n.服从，顺从 | |
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reverence
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| n.敬畏，尊敬，尊严；Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称；v.尊敬，敬畏，崇敬 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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vindictive
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| adj.有报仇心的，怀恨的，惩罚的 | |
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feuds
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| n.长期不和，世仇( feud的名词复数 ) | |
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duels
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| n.两男子的决斗( duel的名词复数 )；竞争，斗争 | |
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grit
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| n.沙粒，决心，勇气；v.下定决心，咬紧牙关 | |
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inclination
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| n.倾斜；点头；弯腰；斜坡；倾度；倾向；爱好 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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immured
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| v.禁闭，监禁( immure的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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dwellings
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| n.住处，处所( dwelling的名词复数 ) | |
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gregarious
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| adj.群居的，喜好群居的 | |
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awakening
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| n.觉醒，醒悟 adj.觉醒中的；唤醒的 | |
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complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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graphic
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| adj.生动的，形象的，绘画的，文字的，图表的 | |
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literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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passionate
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的 | |
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rouge
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| n.胭脂，口红唇膏；v.(在…上)擦口红 | |
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graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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vivacious
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| adj.活泼的，快活的 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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embroider
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| v.刺绣于(布)上；给…添枝加叶，润饰 | |
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specimen
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| n.样本，标本 | |
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agitated
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| adj.被鼓动的，不安的 | |
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bosoms
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| 胸部( bosom的名词复数 )； 胸怀； 女衣胸部（或胸襟）； 和爱护自己的人在一起的情形 | |
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flirt
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| v.调情，挑逗，调戏；n.调情者，卖俏者 | |
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flirts
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| v.调情，打情骂俏( flirt的第三人称单数 ) | |
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overflowing
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| n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的，充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式 | |
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43
mischief
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| n.损害，伤害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋，胡闹 | |
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44
flirtation
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| n.调情，调戏，挑逗 | |
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45
animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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46
extravagant
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| adj.奢侈的；过分的；(言行等)放肆的 | |
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47
profane
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| adj.亵神的，亵渎的；vt.亵渎，玷污 | |
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48
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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49
consultation
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| n.咨询；商量；商议；会议 | |
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50
undertaking
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| n.保证，许诺，事业 | |
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51
groom
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| vt.给（马、狗等）梳毛，照料，使...整洁 | |
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52
outfit
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| n.（为特殊用途的）全套装备，全套服装 | |
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53
rites
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| 仪式，典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
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54
dispensed
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| v.分配( dispense的过去式和过去分词 )；施与；配（药） | |
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55
intentionally
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| ad.故意地，有意地 | |
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56
inveigle
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| v.诱骗 | |
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57
meshes
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| 网孔( mesh的名词复数 )； 网状物； 陷阱； 困境 | |
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58
irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的，无法拒绝的，无法抗拒的 | |
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59
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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60
homage
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| n.尊敬，敬意，崇敬 | |
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61
asylum
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| n.避难所，庇护所，避难 | |
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62
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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63
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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sever
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| v.切开，割开；断绝，中断 | |
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65
salutes
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| n.致敬，欢迎，敬礼( salute的名词复数 )v.欢迎，致敬( salute的第三人称单数 )；赞扬，赞颂 | |
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66
concealed
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| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
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67
devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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probation
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| n.缓刑(期)，(以观后效的)察看；试用(期) | |
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69
quaint
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| adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的 | |
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70
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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71
precedents
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| 引用单元； 范例( precedent的名词复数 )； 先前出现的事例； 前例； 先例 | |
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72
radically
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| ad.根本地，本质地 | |
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73
harmonious
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| adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的 | |
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74
merged
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| （使）混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 )； 相融； 融入； 渐渐消失在某物中 | |
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75
fortitude
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| n.坚忍不拔；刚毅 | |
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76
seclusion
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| n.隐遁，隔离 | |
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delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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78
solicitous
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| adj.热切的，挂念的 | |
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79
indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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80
unwillingness
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| n. 不愿意，不情愿 | |
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81
virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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82
pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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83
formerly
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| adv.从前，以前 | |
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84
shrines
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| 圣地，圣坛，神圣场所( shrine的名词复数 ) | |
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85
relics
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| [pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸 | |
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86
omens
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| n.前兆，预兆( omen的名词复数 ) | |
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87
manifestations
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| n.表示，显示（manifestation的复数形式） | |
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88
intercourse
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| n.性交；交流，交往，交际 | |
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89
countenanced
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| v.支持，赞同，批准( countenance的过去式 ) | |
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90
solely
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| adv.仅仅，唯一地 | |
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91
slur
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| v.含糊地说；诋毁；连唱；n.诋毁；含糊的发音 | |
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92
adobe
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| n.泥砖，土坯，美国Adobe公司 | |
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93
wringing
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| 淋湿的，湿透的 | |
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94
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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95
deprivations
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| 剥夺( deprivation的名词复数 )； 被夺去； 缺乏； 匮乏 | |
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96
comely
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| adj.漂亮的，合宜的 | |
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97
lithe
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| adj.(指人、身体)柔软的，易弯的 | |
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98
pottery
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| n.陶器，陶器场 | |
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99
scarlet
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| n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的 | |
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100
fidelity
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| n.忠诚，忠实；精确 | |
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101
linen
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| n.亚麻布，亚麻线，亚麻制品；adj.亚麻布制的，亚麻的 | |
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102
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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103
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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104
drudgery
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| n.苦工，重活，单调乏味的工作 | |
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105
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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106
wavy
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| adj.有波浪的，多浪的，波浪状的，波动的，不稳定的 | |
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107
exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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108
erect
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| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
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109
prevailing
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| adj.盛行的；占优势的；主要的 | |
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110
stature
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| n.（高度）水平，（高度）境界，身高，身材 | |
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111
embroidered
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| adj．绣花的 | |
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112
embroidery
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| n.绣花，刺绣；绣制品 | |
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113
starched
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| adj.浆硬的，硬挺的，拘泥刻板的v.把（衣服、床单等）浆一浆( starch的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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114
gaudy
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| adj.华而不实的；俗丽的 | |
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115
fabrics
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| 织物( fabric的名词复数 )； 布； 构造； （建筑物的）结构（如墙、地面、屋顶）：质地 | |
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116
belles
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| n.美女( belle的名词复数 )；最美的美女 | |
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117
liking
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| n.爱好；嗜好；喜欢 | |
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118
premium
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| n.加付款；赠品；adj.高级的；售价高的 | |
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119
ornament
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| v.装饰，美化；n.装饰，装饰物 | |
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