(AUTUMN, 1913)
I RETURNED to St. Petersburg at the end of August. The Imperial family was in the Crimea. I called on the Controller of Her Majesty’s Household for my instructions and left for Livadia, which I reached on September 3rd. I found Alexis Nicola?evitch pale and thin. He still suffered very much, and was undergoing a course of high-temperature mud-baths, which the doctors had ordered as a cure for the last traces of his accident but which he found extremely trying.
Naturally I waited to be summoned by the Czarina to receive exact instructions and suggestions from her personally. But she did not appear at meals and was not to be seen. She merely informed me through Tatiana Nicola?evna that while the treatment was in progress regular lessons with Alexis Nicola?evitch were out of the question. As she wished the boy to get used to me, she asked me to go with him on his walks and spend as much time with him as I could.
I then had a long talk with Dr. Derevenko. He told me that the Heir was a prey2 to h?mophilia, a hereditary3 disease which in certain families is transmitted from generation to generation by the women to their male children. Only males are affected4. He told me that the slightest wound might{38} cause the boy’s death, for the blood of a bleeder had not the power of coagulating like that of a normal individual. Further, the tissue of the arteries5 and veins6 is so frail7 that any blow or shock may rupture8 the blood-vessel and bring on a fatal h?morrhage.
Such was the terrible disease from which Alexis Nicola?evitch was suffering, such the perpetual menace to his life. A fall, nose-bleeding, a simple cut—things which were a trifle to any other child—might prove fatal to him. All that could be done was to watch over him closely day and night, especially in his early years,[7] and by extreme vigilance try to prevent accidents. Hence the fact that at the suggestion of the doctors he had been given two ex-sailors of the Imperial yacht, Derevenko and his assistant Nagorny, as his personal attendants and bodyguard9. They looked after him in rotation10.
My first relations with the boy in my new appointment were not easy. I was obliged to talk in Russian with him and give up French. My position was delicate, as I had no rights and therefore no hold over him.
As I have said, at first I was astonished and disappointed at the lack of support given me by the Czarina. A whole month had passed before I received any instructions from her. I had a feeling that she did not want to come between her son and myself. It made my initial task much more difficult, but it might have the advantage, once I had established my position, of enjoying it with greater freedom and personal{39} authority. About this time I had moments of extreme discouragement, and in fact I sometimes despaired of success and felt ready to abandon the task I had undertaken.
Fortunately for me, in Dr. Derevenko I found a wise adviser11 whose help was of infinite value. He impressed on me the necessity for patience, and told me that, in view of the constant danger of the boy’s relapse, and as a result of a kind of religious fatalism which the Czarina had developed, she tended to leave decision to circumstance and kept on postponing12 her intervention13, which would simply inflict14 useless suffering on her son if he was not to survive. She did not feel equal to battling with the child to make him accept me.
I understood myself, of course, that circumstances were unfavourable, but I still cherished a hope that one day the health of my pupil would improve.
The serious malady15 from which the Czarevitch had barely recovered had left him very weak and nervous. At this time he was the kind of child who can hardly bear correction. He had never been under any regular discipline. In his eyes I was the person appointed to extract work and attention from him, and it was my business to bend his will to the habit of obedience16. To all the existing supervision17, which at any rate allowed him idleness as a place of refuge, was to be added a new control which would violate even that last retreat. He felt it instinctively18 without realising it consciously. I had a definite impression of his mute hostility19, and at times it reached a stage of open defiance20.
I felt a terrible burden of responsibility, for with all my precautions it was impossible always to prevent accidents. There were three in the course of the first month.
Yet as time passed by I felt my authority gaining a hold.{40} I noticed more and more frequent bursts of confidence on the part of my pupil, and they seemed to me a promise of affectionate relations before long.
The more the boy opened his heart to me the better I realised the treasures of his nature, and I gradually began to feel certain that with so many precious gifts it would be unjust to give up hope.
Alexis Nicola?evitch was then nine and a half, and rather tall for his age. He had a long, finely-chiselled face, delicate features, auburn hair with a coppery glint in it, and large blue-grey eyes like his mother’s. He thoroughly21 enjoyed life—when it let him—and was a happy, romping22 boy. Very simple in his tastes, he extracted no false satisfaction from the fact that he was the Heir—there was nothing he thought about less—and his greatest delight was to play with the two sons of his sailor Derevenko, both of them a little younger than he.
He had very quick wits and a keen and penetrating23 mind. He sometimes surprised me with questions beyond his years which bore witness to a delicate and intuitive spirit. I had no difficulty in believing that those who were not forced, as I was, to teach him habits of discipline, but could unreservedly enjoy his charm, easily fell under its spell. Under the capricious little creature I had known at first I discovered a child of a naturally affectionate disposition24, sensitive to suffering in others just because he had already suffered so much himself. When this conviction had taken root in my mind I was full of hope for the future. My task would have been easy had it not been for the Czarevitch’s associates and environment.
As I have already said, I was on excellent terms with Dr. Derevenko. There was, however, one point on which we were
[Image unavailable.]
[Image unavailable.]
THE CZAREVITCH CUTTING CORN HE HAD SOWN IN THE PARK AT PETERHOF. SUMMER OF 1913.
[Facing page 40.
{41}
not in agreement. I considered that the perpetual presence of the sailor Derevenko and his assistant Nagorny was harmful to the child. The external power which intervened whenever danger threatened seemed to me to hinder the development of will-power and the faculty26 of observation. What the child gained—possibly—in safety he lost in real discipline. I thought it would have been better to give him more freedom and accustom27 him to look to himself for the energy to resist the impulses of his own motion.
Besides, accidents continued to happen. It was impossible to guard against everything, and the closer the supervision became, the more irritating and humiliating it seemed to the boy, and the greater the risk that it would develop his skill at evasion28 and make him cunning and deceitful. It was the best way of turning an already physically29 delicate child into a characterless individual, without self-control and backbone30, even in the moral sense.
I spoke31 in that sense to Dr. Derevenko, but he was so obsessed32 by fears of a fatal attack, and so conscious of the terrible load of responsibility that devolved upon him as the doctor, that I could not bring him round to share my view.
It was for the parents, and the parents alone, in the last resort, to take a decision which might have serious consequences for their child. To my great astonishment33, they entirely34 agreed with me, and said they were ready to accept all the risks of an experiment on which I did not enter myself without terrible anxiety. No doubt they realised how much harm the existing system was doing to all that was best in their son, and if they loved him to distraction35 their love itself gave them the strength to let him run the risk of an accident{42} which might prove fatal rather than see him grow up a man without strength of character or moral fibre.
Alexis Nicola?evitch was delighted at this decision. In his relations with his playmates he was always suffering from the incessant36 supervision to which he was subject. He promised me to repay the confidence reposed37 in him.
Yet, sure though I was of the soundness of my view, the moment the parents’ consent was obtained my fears were greater than ever. I seemed to have a presentiment38 of what was to come....
Everything went well at first, and I was beginning to be easy in my mind, when the accident I had so much feared happened without a word of warning. The Czarevitch was in the schoolroom standing39 on a chair, when he slipped, and in falling hit his right knee against the corner of some piece of furniture. The next day he could not walk. On the day after the subcutaneous h?morrhage had progressed, and the swelling40 which had formed below the knee rapidly spread down the leg. The skin, which was greatly distended41, had hardened under the force of the extravasated blood, which pressed on the nerves of the leg and thus caused shooting pains, which grew worse every hour.
I was thunderstruck. Yet neither the Czar nor the Czarina blamed me in the slightest. So far from it, they seemed to be intent on preventing me from despairing of a task my pupil’s malady made so perilous42. As if they wished by their example to make me face the inevitable43 ordeal44, and enlist45 me as an ally in the struggle they had carried on so long, they associated me in their anxieties with a truly touching46 kindness.
The Czarina was at her son’s side from the first onset47 of the attack. She watched over him, surrounding him with her{43} tender love and care and trying by a thousand attentions to alleviate48 his sufferings. The Czar came the moment he was free. He tried to comfort and amuse the boy, but the pain was stronger than his mother’s caresses49 or his father’s stories, and the moans and tears began once more. Every now and then the door opened and one of the Grand-Duchesses came in on tip-toe and kissed her little brother, bringing a gust1 of sweetness and health into the room. For a moment the boy would open his great eyes, round which the malady had already painted black rings, and then almost immediately close them again.
One morning I found the mother at her son’s bedside. He had had a very bad night. Dr. Derevenko was anxious, as the h?morrhage had not been stopped and his temperature was rising. The inflammation had spread further and the pain was even worse than the day before. The Czarevitch lay in bed groaning50 piteously. His head rested on his mother’s arm, and his small, deathly-white face was unrecognisable. At times the groans51 ceased and he murmured the one word “Mummy!” in which he expressed all his sufferings and distress52. His mother kissed him on the hair, forehead, and eyes, as if the touch of her lips could have relieved his pain and restored some of the life which was leaving him. Think of the tortures of that mother, an impotent witness of her son’s martyrdom in those hours of mortal anguish—a mother who knew that she herself was the cause of his sufferings, that she had transmitted to him the terrible disease against which human science was powerless! Now I understood the secret tragedy of her life! How easy it was to reconstruct the stages of that long Calvary.
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1
gust
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| n.阵风，突然一阵（雨、烟等），（感情的）迸发 | |
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prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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hereditary
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| adj.遗传的，遗传性的，可继承的，世袭的 | |
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affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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arteries
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| n.动脉( artery的名词复数 )；干线，要道 | |
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veins
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| n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理 | |
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7
frail
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| adj.身体虚弱的；易损坏的 | |
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rupture
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| n.破裂；(关系的)决裂；v.(使)破裂 | |
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bodyguard
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| n.护卫，保镖 | |
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rotation
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| n.旋转；循环，轮流 | |
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adviser
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| n.劝告者，顾问 | |
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postponing
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| v.延期，推迟( postpone的现在分词 ) | |
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13
intervention
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| n.介入，干涉，干预 | |
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14
inflict
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| vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担 | |
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malady
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| n.病，疾病(通常做比喻) | |
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16
obedience
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| n.服从，顺从 | |
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supervision
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| n.监督，管理 | |
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18
instinctively
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| adv.本能地 | |
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19
hostility
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| n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争 | |
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defiance
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| n.挑战，挑衅，蔑视，违抗 | |
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21
thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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22
romping
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| adj.嬉戏喧闹的，乱蹦乱闹的v.嬉笑玩闹( romp的现在分词 )；（尤指在赛跑或竞选等中）轻易获胜 | |
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23
penetrating
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| adj.（声音）响亮的，尖锐的adj.（气味）刺激的adj.（思想）敏锐的，有洞察力的 | |
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24
disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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25
gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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26
faculty
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| n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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accustom
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| vt.使适应，使习惯 | |
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28
evasion
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| n.逃避，偷漏(税) | |
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29
physically
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| adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律 | |
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30
backbone
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| n.脊骨，脊柱，骨干；刚毅，骨气 | |
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31
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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32
obsessed
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| adj.心神不宁的,鬼迷心窍的,沉迷的 | |
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33
astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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34
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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35
distraction
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| n.精神涣散，精神不集中，消遣，娱乐 | |
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incessant
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| adj.不停的，连续的 | |
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37
reposed
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| v.将（手臂等）靠在某人（某物）上( repose的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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presentiment
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| n.预感，预觉 | |
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39
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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40
swelling
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| n.肿胀 | |
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41
distended
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| v.（使）膨胀，肿胀( distend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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42
perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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43
inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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44
ordeal
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| n.苦难经历，（尤指对品格、耐力的）严峻考验 | |
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45
enlist
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| vt.谋取(支持等)，赢得；征募；vi.入伍 | |
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46
touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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47
onset
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| n.进攻，袭击，开始，突然开始 | |
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48
alleviate
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| v.减轻，缓和，缓解(痛苦等) | |
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49
caresses
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| 爱抚，抚摸( caress的名词复数 ) | |
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50
groaning
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| adj. 呜咽的, 呻吟的 动词groan的现在分词形式 | |
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51
groans
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| n.呻吟，叹息( groan的名词复数 )；呻吟般的声音v.呻吟( groan的第三人称单数 )；发牢骚；抱怨；受苦 | |
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52
distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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