Upon leaving the Federal capital we proceeded to the home of Senator Clay’s cousin, Doctor Thomas Withers1, at Petersburg, Va. My husband’s health, already feeble, had suffered greatly from the months of strife2 which culminated3 in the scenes through which we had just passed, and we had scarcely arrived in Petersburg when a serious collapse4 occurred. Mr. Clay now became so weakened that fears were reiterated5 by all who saw him that he could not survive. I was urged to take him at once to Minnesota, the attending physicians all agreeing that this was the one experiment in which lay a chance for prolonging his life. In those days the air of that far western State was supposed to have a phenomenally curative effect upon the victims of asthma6, from which for years Mr. Clay had suffered an almost “daily death.” In the present acute attack, his body sick and his heart sore from our late ordeals8, fearful of the danger of delay, I at once put into execution plans for the northward9 trip in which lay even a slender hope for his recovery. No one who had witnessed my husband’s dignified10 withdrawal11 from the Senate, who had heard his firm utterance12 of what was at once a challenge to arms and a warning that Alabama would defend her decision to stand alone, would have recognised the invalid13 now struggling for his life against the dread14 disease. He was extremely emaciated15.
“When I last saw you,” wrote John T. Morgan[21] from 154camp, some months later, “your health scarcely justified16 the hope that you would become one of the first Senators in a new Confederacy. I was grieved that when we came to meet the great struggle in Alabama you were not permitted to aid us further than by your counsels and recorded opinions. I rejoice that you are again our representative in a Senate where the South is not to be defended against foes17 within her own bosom18, but to reap the advantage of the wisdom and experience of her own statesmen.”
My brother-in-law, Hugh Lawson Clay, afterward19 Colonel on the staff of our friend, General E. Kirby Smith, hurried, therefore, from Alabama to accompany us upon the slow journey made necessary by Mr. Clay’s extreme weakness.
In due time we arrived at the International Hotel, St. Paul. Here, though our stay was short, we had an unpleasant experience, a single one, due to sectional feeling. Having safely bestowed20 Mr. Clay in his room, our brother made his way to the drug-store, which, as we entered, we had observed was below the hotel, to purchase a necessary restorative for my husband. While waiting there for the wrapping of the medicine, two young men entering met, and one exclaimed to the other:
“Here’s a good chance! Clay, the fire-eating Senator from Alabama, is in this house. Let’s mob him!”
My brother, both indignant and surprised, was also fearful lest they should carry out their threat and thereby21 work incalculable evil to our invalid. He turned promptly22 and addressed them:
“Mr. Clay, of whom you speak,” he said, “is my brother, and, it may be, a hopeless invalid. He is here seeking health. You can molest23 him only through me!”
But now a second surprise met him, for the two youths began a very duet of apology, declaring they “had only been joking.” They meant no offense24, they said, and, 155in fact, themselves were democrats25. Feeling, they continued, was at high tide, and it was the fashion of the times to denounce the South. Upon this frank acknowledgment the trio shook hands and parted, nor did Senator Clay and I hear of the altercation26 until the next day, when it was repeated to us by a kind friend, Mr. George Culver, at whose home, in St. Paul, we lingered for several weeks. Here the wonderful climate appreciably27 restored the invalid, and Mr. Clay was soon able to move about, and added to his weight almost visibly.
In the meantime, the news of the gathering28 together of armies, both North and South, came more and more frequently. Everywhere around us preparations were making for conflict. The news from the seceding29 States was inspiring. My husband’s impatience30 to return to Alabama increased daily, stimulated31, as it was, by the ardour of our many correspondents from Montgomery and Huntsville, civil and military.
“I was improving continuously and rapidly,” he wrote to our friend E. D. Tracy, “when Lincoln’s proclamation and that of the Governor of Minnesota reached me, and I think I should have been entirely32 restored to health in a month or two had I remained there with an easy conscience and a quiet mind. But after those bulletins, the demonstrations33 against the “Rebels” were so offensive as to become intolerable. So we left on the 22d [April], much to the regret of the few real friends we found or made. Many, with exceeding frankness, expressed their deep sorrow at our departure, since I was improving so rapidly; but, while appreciating their solicitude34 for me, I told them I preferred dying in my own country to living among her enemies.”
Shortly after the breaking up of the ice in Lake Minnetonka, we bade farewell to the good Samaritans at St. Paul and took passage on the Grey Eagle. She was a celebrated35 boat of that day, and annually36 took the prize 156for being the first to cut through the frozen waters. I have never forgotten the wonders and beauties of that trip, beginning in the still partially37 ice-locked lake, and progressing gradually until the emerald glories of late April met us in the South! It was on this journey that we caught the first real echoes of the booming guns of Fort Sumter. The passengers on board the Grey Eagle discussed the outlook with gravity. To a friendly lady, whose sympathies were aroused on behalf of my husband, still pale and obviously an invalid, I remember expressing my sorrows and fears. I think I wept, for it was a time to start the tears; but her reply checked my complainings.
“Ah, Mrs. Clay!” she said, “think how my heart is riven! I was born in New Orleans and live in New York. One of my sons is in the Seventh New York Regiment38, and another in the New Orleans Zouaves!”
At Cairo, already a great centre of military activity for the Federals, we caught a first gleam of the muskets39 of United States soldiery. A company was drawn40 up in line on the river bank, for what purpose we did not know, but we heard a rumour41 that it had to do with the presence on the boat of the Southern Senator Clay, and I remember I was requested by an oficer of the Grey Eagle to place in my trunk my husband’s fine Maynard rifle, which had been much admired by our fellow-passengers, and which once had been shot off during the trip, to show its wonderful carrying power. Needless to say, the possibly offending firearm was promptly put away. After a short colloquy42 between the captain of the vessel43 and the military officer, who appeared to catechise him, the Grey Eagle again swung out on the broad, muddy river, and turned her nose toward Memphis. Now, as we proceeded down the important water-course, at many a point were multiplying evidences that the fratricidal war had begun.
157Memphis, at which we soon arrived, and which was destined44 within a year to be taken and held by our enemy, was now beautiful with blossoms. Spirea and bridal wreaths whitened the bushes, and roses everywhere shaking their fragrance45 to the breezes made the world appear to smile. My heart was filled with gratitude46 and joy to find myself once more among the witchery and wonders of my “ain countree”; where again I might hear the delightful47 mockery of that “Yorick of the Glade,” whose bubbling melody is only to be heard in the South land! It was a wonderful home-coming for our invalid, too eager by much to assume his share of the responsibilities that now rested upon the shoulders of our men of the South. A period of complete physical weakness followed our arrival in Mr. Clay’s native city, a busy political and military centre in those early days.
We spent our summer in “Cosy Cot,” our mountain home, set upon the crest48 of Monte Sano, which overlooks the town of Huntsville below, distant about three miles; nor, save in the making of comparatively short trips, did we again leave this vicinity until Mr. Clay, his health improved, was called to take his seat in the Senate of the new Confederate Government, at Richmond, late in the following autumn. In the meantime Senator Clay had declined the office of Secretary of War in Mr. Davis’s Cabinet, privately49 proffered50, believing his physical condition to be such as to render his assumption of the duties of that department an impossibility. In his stead he had urged the appointment of Leroy Pope Walker, our fellow-townsman and long-time friend, though often a legal and political opponent of my husband.
Now, at the time of our return, Secretary Walker was at the side of our Executive head, deep in the problems of the military control of our forces. Communications between Huntsville and Montgomery, where the provisional Government temporarily was established, were 158frequent. A special session of Congress was sitting, and every one identified with our newly formed Legislature at the little capital was alert and eager in perfecting our plans for defense51. We were given a side glimpse of our President’s personal activity in the following letter received a few days after our return to Alabama:
“Montgomery, Alabama, May 10, 1861.
“... Mr. Davis seems just now only conscious of things left undone52, and to ignore the much which has been achieved. Consequently, his time seems all taken up with the Cabinet, planning (I presume) future operations.... Sometimes the Cabinet depart surreptitiously, one at a time, and Mr. Davis, while making things as plain as did the preacher the virtues53 of the baptismal, finds his demonstrations made to one weak, weary man, who has no vim54 to contend. To make a long story short, he overworks himself and all the rest of mankind, but is so far quite well, though not fleshily inclined.
“There is a good deal of talk here of his going to Richmond as commander of the forces. I hope it may be done, for to him military command is a perfect system of hygiene55.... There have been some here who thought, with a view to the sanitary56 condition, that the Government had better be moved to Richmond, and also that it would strengthen the weak-fleshed but willing-spirited border States.... This is a very pretty place, and, were not the climate as warm as is the temperament58 of the people, it would be pleasant; but nearly all my patriotism59 oozes60 out, not unlike Bob Acres’ courage, at the pores, and I have come to the conclusion that Roman matrons performed their patriotism and such like duties in the winter. I wish your health would suffice for you to come and see the Congress. They are the finest-looking set of men I have ever seen collected together—grave, quiet and thoughtful-looking men, with an air of refinement61 which makes my mind’s picture gallery a gratifying pendant to Hamlin, Durkee, Doolittle, Chandler, etc....
“The market is forlorn, but then we give our best and a warm welcome. If you are able to come and make us a visit, we will have the concordances of Washington and Montgomery.... Mrs. Mallory is in town on a short visit, Mrs. Fitzpatrick and the Governor, Mrs. Memminger, Constitution 159Brown and his wife, Mr. and Mrs. Toombs (the latter is the only person who has a house). I could gossip on ad infinitum....”
In Huntsville a feeling of diligence in preparation was everywhere evident. Our historic little town was not only in the direct line of travel between larger cities, and therefore a natural stopping place for travellers; but, by reason of the many legal and political lights residing there, and because of its being the county seat of one of the most affluent62 counties in northern Alabama, was, and is, a town of general interest throughout the State. Almost in an unbroken line, the United States Senators of northern Alabama have been citizens of my husband’s native town.
Situate among the low hills that separate the higher points of the Cumberland range, Huntsville smiles up at the sky from a rare amphitheatre, hollowed in the cedar-covered mountains. It is in the heart of one of the most fertile portions of the Tennessee Valley. Within an hour’s swift ride, the Tennessee flood rolls on its romantic way, and as near in another direction is the forked Flint River, every bend along its leafy edges a place of beauty. Up hill and down dale, ride wherever one will, may be seen the hazy63 tops of mountains, disappearing in the blue ether, and intervening valleys yellow with corn or white with cotton, or green with the just risen grain. In the summer the sweetness of magnolia and jasmine, of honeysuckle and mimosa, scents64 the shady avenues along which are seen, beyond gardens and magnolia trees, the commodious65 town houses of the prosperous planters. Among these affluent surroundings a high public spirit had been nourished. Here the first State Legislature of Alabama was convened66 and that body met which formed the State Constitution. The simple structure in which those early statesmen gathered (being, in general, representatives from the families of 160Virginia and the Carolinas) stood yet intact in the early part of 1903. The first newspaper printed in Alabama, yclept the Madison Gazette, was published in Huntsville, and Green Academy (taking its name from the rich sward that surrounded it), a renowned67 institution of learning, was long a famous feature of Twickenham Town, by which name Huntsville was once known.
In the early days of the township’s existence, a hot contest continued for years to wage between the followers68 of two of its richest settlers as to the future appellation69 of the pretty place. The friends of Colonel Pope, who had contributed from the very centre of his plantation70 the square upon which was built the County Court House, for a time overbore the opposing parties and named the town in honour of the birthplace of the immortal71 poet; but, though this choice was ratified72 by legislative73 act, the adherents74 of the pioneer, John Hunt, refused to yield their wishes. Mr. Hunt had discovered the site of the town while still the valley was part of the Territory of Mississippi. Lured75 by the deer he was stalking, he had come upon the big spring, gushing76 with limpid77 waters. Here he pitched his tent, and, gathering others about him, he fostered the building of the town which, until the contest that arose with the aristocratic Colonel Pope, was known as Huntsville. For two years, until the original name was restored by a second act of Legislature, the little city was known as “Twickingham Town,” and to many of its old families this name remains78 so dear that among themselves it still continues to be affectionately applied79.
Half the youth of Alabama in that early day delved80 in the classics under the guidance of the studious professors of Green Academy. It was situated81 in a large plot of ground which commanded a view of the mountain. Its site was given to the town by Judge William Smith (the warm friend of Andrew Jackson) on the condition that it should be used only for a building for educational 161purposes forever. This distinguished82 judge was, I think, the only man until Roscoe Conkling to refuse a seat on the Supreme83 Court Bench of the United States.[22]
The charms and fascinations84 and general winsomeness85 of the girls of the lovely vale, even in that early period, in a measure may be imagined from the references to them in the following letter, written to Clement86 C. Clay, Jr., by this time entered at the State University at Tuscaloosa:
“February 2, 1833.
“My Dear Clement: Richard Peete, Jere Clemens, Richard Perkins, Withers Clay, John E. Moore[23] and myself are in a class reading Horace and Graeca Majora. Clio is nearly broken up, and I fear it will never be revived, as the members do nothing but walk with the girls, nor do they appear to think of anything else. The girls in this town are the most jealous little vixens that ever breathed. I would advise you as a friend (for I have gone through the fiery87 ordeal7, and should know something of the character of woman) to keep a respectful distance from the fair ones; for, if you mingle88 with them at all, you will be persuaded to mingle with them more and more. How much I would give if they would never harass89 me more!”
The roll of Huntsville’s prominent men includes a peculiarly large number of names that have been potent90 in State and National capitals, in civil and in military life. Scarcely a stone in its picturesque91 “God’s Acre” but bears a name familiar to the Southern ear. From under the low hill on which the columned Court House and historic National Bank building stand, the Big Spring gushe, which has had its part in swelling93 the city’s 162fame. Where its source lies none can say, though myths are plenty that tell of subterranean94 caves through which it passes, and which gleam with stalactite glories. Trickling95 freely from the sides of the mountain beyond are numerous medicinal springs, and silver streams thread their way among the valleys; but nowhere within the Tennessee region exists a flow that at all may be compared with Huntsville’s “Big Spring.” If Hygeia still exercises her functions, her modern home is surely here. The flow of clear limestone96 water as it issues from the rocks is wonderfully full and seemingly boundless98. Since the founding of the town the spring has supplied all the needs of the residents, and that of armies camped about it. So late as 1898 its splendid daily yield of twenty-four million gallons influenced the present Government to locate in and about the pretty city, while awaiting the development of the Cuban War, an army of twenty thousand men.
In the sixties the spring was already famous. From time immemorial the pool below it had served the same purpose for the negroes about as did the River Jordan for the earlier Christians100, and a baptism at the Big Spring, both impressive and ludicrous, was a sight never to be forgotten. The negroes came down the hill, marching with solemn steps to weird101 strains of their own composing, until they reached the edge of the stream that forms below the spring. Here the eager candidates for immersion102 were led into the water, when, doused103 for a moment, they would come up again shrieking104 shrilly105 a fervent106 Hallelujah! As a rule, two companions were stationed near to seize the person of the baptised one as it rose, lest in a paroxysm of religious fervour he should harm himself or others. As the baptisms, always numerous, continued, the ardour of the crowd of participants and onlookers107 was sure to augment108, until a maniacal109 mingling110 of voices followed, that verged111 toward 163pandemonium. The ceremony was as strange and blood-curdling as any rite57 that might be imagined in the interior of the Dark Continent.
Once, upon the occasion of a visit of two New York friends, one candidate for baptism, a black man, a veritable Goliath, broke loose from those who tried to hold him and ran up the hill in his ecstasy112, bellowing113 like a wounded buffalo114. The sounds were enough to excite unmixed horror in the unaccustomed listener, but the appearance of the enthusiast115 to me was more comical than terrifying; for, being in his stockings, and these conspicuous116 by reason of their enormous holes, his heels, revealed at every step, appeared as they flashed up the acclivity like the spots on a bull-bat’s wings. When this sable117 son of Anak took the field, the spectators scattering118 right and left, my friends turned toward me as if panic-stricken. They paused but a brief moment, then, “standing not upon the order of their going,” they, too, fled from the possible charge of the half-crazed enthusiast. It was no uncommon119 thing at such baptisms for the candidates to suffer from an attack of “Jerks,” a kind of spasm120 which resulted from their excited imaginations. I have seen the strength of four stout121 men tested to its utmost to hold down one seemingly delicate negress, who, fired by the “glory in her soul,” was now become its victim, jerking and screaming in a manner altogether horrible to witness.
Above the spring and about the picturesque Square and Court House, in the spring and early summer of ’1, the gay-hearted youth of Madison County, thronging122 to the county seat, met in companies to drill and prepare themselves for service in the war now upon us. Already, by the early part of June, Alabama had “contributed to the Confederacy about 20,000 muskets and rifles,” though she retained of these, “for her own immediate123 protection and defense, only four thousand! I hope,” 164wrote Governor A. B. Moore, in sending this information to Mr. Clay, “that volunteer companies throughout the State will put the rifles and double-barrelled shot-guns in order, and drill them until called into actual service.”
The youths and men of Madison County needed small urging. They were heart and soul for the conflict that at last must be waged to preserve the homes of their fathers, the heritages that were to be theirs, and their right to independent government. These were the incentives125 of our soldiers, allied126 to each other, regiment by regiment, by blood and long association. There was no need for alien hirelings to swell92 our ranks. The questions at issue were vital, and every Southern man who could bear arms sprang eagerly to assume them.
Upon our arrival in Huntsville we found the city alive with preparations for defense, our mail heavy with reports from every quarter of the South, of friends and kinsmen127 who had entered the army, and many exhilarated by the battles already won. An idea may be gathered of the confluent interests that bound together our Southern army, by a mention, as an example, by no means unique, of the ramifications128 of the two families represented by Senator Clay and myself. My husband’s uncle, General Withers, was already in command at Mobile; his brother, Hugh Lawson Clay, was in Lynchburg, recruiting; his cousin, Eli S. Shorter, was enrolled129 as Colonel in the C. S. A., besides whom there were enlisted130 numerous cousins of the Withers, Comer, and Clayton families. Thirty-nine cousins of my own, bearing the name of Williams, were in the field at one time, and innumerable Arlingtons, Drakes and Boddies, Hilliards, Tunstalls and Battles served the beloved cause in various capacities in civil and military life.
L. Q. C. LAMAR
1862
165These conditions knit neighbourhoods as well as regiments131 very closely together, and largely go to furnish an explanation of our long struggle against the numerically superior armies of our invaders132. Our victories in those early days were great, though the blood spilled to gain them was precious; but the sound of mourning was stilled before the greater need for encouragement to the living. “Beauregard and Johnston have given the fanatics133 something to meditate134 upon,” wrote a cousin in July of ’1. “A despatch135 says that our loss was three thousand, theirs seven thousand. Steady Beauregard and brave Johnston! We owe them our gratitude!”
Yes! we owed them gratitude and we gave it to them and to every man in the ranks. The women at home knitted and sewed, sacrificed and prayed, and wept, too, especially the aged124, as they packed away the socks and underwear and such comforts for the young men in the field as might be pressed into a soldier’s knapsack. “I met Mr. Lamar’s mother,” wrote my sister from Macon, late in May, “and spoke136 to her of her son’s having gone to Montgomery. She had not heard of it before and burst into tears! This is her fourth and last son gone to the war!”
From Huntsville had gone out the gallant137 E. D. Tracy, who, now at Harper’s Ferry, wrote back most thrilling accounts of military proceedings138 in that important section of our Confederate States:
“I continue entirely well,” began a letter dated from Camp, near Harper’s Ferry, June 8, 1861: “And, while I perfectly139 agree with, since conversing140 with, General Smith, in regard to our situation, am in good spirits. I trust I am ready to die when my hour comes, as becomes a Christian99 soldier and gentleman; until that hour, I am proof against shell and shot. If the enemy attacks us ‘we’ll memorise141 another Golgotha’ and achieve a victory, or martyrdom. Our men believe the post to be impregnable and are anxious for fight; if they were better informed, I have no idea that their courage would be in the least abated142.
166“From the arrival of troops during the last few days, I conclude that it is the purpose of Government to hold Harper’s Ferry. At one time I think that point was undecided, and am glad to believe that it is now settled as stated. The moral effect of an evacuation of a place believed to be a Gibraltar would be terribly disastrous143 to our cause; it would encourage our enemies, depress our troops, and disappoint the expectation of the world. Better that we perish in making a gallant defense than that such consequences should be risked.”
My sister, Mrs. Hugh Lawson Clay, who had joined her husband in Lynchburg, wrote buoyantly, yet gravely, from that troubled centre: “I wrote you a long, long letter last Saturday,” begins one epistle from her, “but Mr. Clay would not let me send it, because, he said, I told too much. He was afraid it might be read by other eyes than yours.... I look hourly to hear the result of an awful battle. I cannot but fear, for we cannot hope to gain such victories often as the one at Bethel Church.... Here we hear everything, for there are persons passing all the time to and from Winchester and Manassas Junction144. So many men from this place are stationed there that mothers and sisters manage to hear every day. Mr. Tracy wrote in his last that he fully97 expected to be in a big battle. His men were eager for the fight, and he would be sure to write as to the result, if it did not result in a termination of his life’s candle!”
MRS. PHILIP PHILLIPS
of Washington, D. C.
167As the time drew near for the opening of Congress in Richmond, Mr. Clay’s health, spurred to a better state by an eager patriotism, eager to express itself in the forum145 if debarred from the field, became appreciably restored, and preparations were begun for an absence of a few months from Huntsville. Anxious as everyone was throughout the South, and feeling the strain even of victory, now flowing toward us and again ebbing146 to our enemies, my husband and I had few misgivings147 concerning the safety of the home we were leaving. A hundred greater dangers surrounded Richmond (as it was thought), that lay so near to the Federal lines and was the prize above all others which we looked to see grappled for. Yet our field lay there, and, in anticipation148, it seemed a pleasant and an active one, for already it was peopled with throngs149 of our former friends.
“I almost imagined myself in Washington,” wrote Mrs. Philip Phillips, now returning from the Federal capital, where for months she had been a prisoner. “There are so many dear, old friends [in Richmond]—Mrs. Mallory, Mrs. Joe Johnston, and others—awaited us at the Spottswood Hotel. I spent an evening with Mrs. Davis, who received me with great feeling.... We have a terrible struggle before us. The resources of Lincoln’s army are great, and a defensive150 war will prove our greatest safeguard, but, it is presumption151 in speaking thus; only, having come so recently from the seat of war, my ideas, founded upon practical knowledge of what is going on at the North, may derive152 some value. I brought on from Washington, sewed in my corsets, a programme of the war sent to me by a Federal officer, many of whom are disaffected153. The capitalists of the North demand a decisive blow, else they will not back the Government.”
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withers
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strife
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culminated
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| v.达到极点( culminate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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collapse
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reiterated
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asthma
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ordeal
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ordeals
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northward
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dignified
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withdrawal
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utterance
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invalid
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dread
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emaciated
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justified
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foes
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bosom
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afterward
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bestowed
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thereby
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promptly
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molest
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offense
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democrats
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altercation
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appreciably
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gathering
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32
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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33
demonstrations
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| 证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威 | |
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34
solicitude
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| n.焦虑 | |
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35
celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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36
annually
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| adv.一年一次，每年 | |
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37
partially
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| adv.部分地，从某些方面讲 | |
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38
regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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39
muskets
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| n.火枪，（尤指）滑膛枪( musket的名词复数 ) | |
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40
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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41
rumour
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| n.谣言，谣传，传闻 | |
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42
colloquy
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| n.谈话，自由讨论 | |
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43
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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44
destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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45
fragrance
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| n.芬芳，香味，香气 | |
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46
gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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47
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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48
crest
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| n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖 | |
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49
privately
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| adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地 | |
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50
proffered
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| v.提供，贡献，提出( proffer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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51
defense
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| n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩 | |
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52
undone
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| a.未做完的，未完成的 | |
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53
virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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54
vim
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| n.精力，活力 | |
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55
hygiene
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| n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic） | |
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56
sanitary
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| adj.卫生方面的，卫生的，清洁的，卫生的 | |
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57
rite
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| n.典礼，惯例，习俗 | |
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58
temperament
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| n.气质，性格，性情 | |
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59
patriotism
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| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
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60
oozes
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| v.（浓液等）慢慢地冒出，渗出( ooze的第三人称单数 )；使（液体）缓缓流出；（浓液）渗出，慢慢流出 | |
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61
refinement
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| n.文雅；高尚；精美；精制；精炼 | |
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62
affluent
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| adj.富裕的，富有的，丰富的，富饶的 | |
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63
hazy
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| adj.有薄雾的，朦胧的；不肯定的，模糊的 | |
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64
scents
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| n.香水( scent的名词复数 )；气味；（动物的）臭迹；（尤指狗的）嗅觉 | |
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65
commodious
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| adj.宽敞的；使用方便的 | |
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66
convened
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| 召开( convene的过去式 )； 召集； （为正式会议而）聚集； 集合 | |
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67
renowned
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| adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的 | |
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68
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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69
appellation
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| n.名称，称呼 | |
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70
plantation
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| n.种植园，大农场 | |
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71
immortal
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| adj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的 | |
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72
ratified
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| v.批准，签认（合约等）( ratify的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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73
legislative
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| n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的 | |
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74
adherents
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| n.支持者，拥护者( adherent的名词复数 )；党羽；徒子徒孙 | |
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75
lured
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| 吸引，引诱（lure的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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76
gushing
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| adj.迸出的；涌出的；喷出的；过分热情的v.喷，涌( gush的现在分词 )；滔滔不绝地说话 | |
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77
limpid
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| adj.清澈的，透明的 | |
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78
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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79
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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80
delved
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| v.深入探究，钻研( delve的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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81
situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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82
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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83
supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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84
fascinations
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| n.魅力( fascination的名词复数 )；有魅力的东西；迷恋；陶醉 | |
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85
winsomeness
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86
clement
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| adj.仁慈的；温和的 | |
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87
fiery
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| adj.燃烧着的，火红的；暴躁的；激烈的 | |
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88
mingle
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| vt.使混合，使相混；vi.混合起来；相交往 | |
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89
harass
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| vt.使烦恼，折磨，骚扰 | |
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90
potent
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| adj.强有力的，有权势的；有效力的 | |
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91
picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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92
swell
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| vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强 | |
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93
swelling
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| n.肿胀 | |
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94
subterranean
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| adj.地下的，地表下的 | |
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95
trickling
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| n.油画底色含油太多而成泡沫状突起v.滴( trickle的现在分词 )；淌；使)慢慢走；缓慢移动 | |
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96
limestone
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| n.石灰石 | |
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97
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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98
boundless
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| adj.无限的；无边无际的；巨大的 | |
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99
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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100
Christians
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| n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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101
weird
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| adj.古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的，神秘而可怕的 | |
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102
immersion
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| n.沉浸；专心 | |
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103
doused
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| v.浇水在…上( douse的过去式和过去分词 )；熄灯[火] | |
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104
shrieking
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| v.尖叫( shriek的现在分词 ) | |
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105
shrilly
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| 尖声的； 光亮的，耀眼的 | |
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106
fervent
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| adj.热的，热烈的，热情的 | |
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107
onlookers
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| n.旁观者，观看者( onlooker的名词复数 ) | |
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108
augment
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| vt.(使)增大，增加，增长，扩张 | |
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109
maniacal
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| adj.发疯的 | |
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110
mingling
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| adj.混合的 | |
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111
verged
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| 接近，逼近（verge的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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112
ecstasy
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| n.狂喜，心醉神怡，入迷 | |
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113
bellowing
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| v.发出吼叫声，咆哮（尤指因痛苦）( bellow的现在分词 )；（愤怒地）说出（某事），大叫 | |
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114
buffalo
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| n.(北美)野牛；(亚洲)水牛 | |
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115
enthusiast
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| n.热心人，热衷者 | |
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116
conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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117
sable
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| n.黑貂；adj.黑色的 | |
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118
scattering
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| n.[物]散射；散乱，分散；在媒介质中的散播adj.散乱的；分散在不同范围的；广泛扩散的；（选票）数量分散的v.散射(scatter的ing形式)；散布；驱散 | |
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119
uncommon
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| adj.罕见的，非凡的，不平常的 | |
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120
spasm
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| n.痉挛，抽搐；一阵发作 | |
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122
thronging
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| v.成群，挤满( throng的现在分词 ) | |
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123
immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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124
aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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125
incentives
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| 激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )； 刺激； 诱因； 动机 | |
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126
allied
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| adj.协约国的；同盟国的 | |
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127
kinsmen
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| n.家属，亲属( kinsman的名词复数 ) | |
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128
ramifications
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| n.结果，后果( ramification的名词复数 ) | |
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129
enrolled
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| adj.入学登记了的v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的过去式和过去分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起 | |
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130
enlisted
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| adj.应募入伍的v.（使）入伍， （使）参军( enlist的过去式和过去分词 )；获得（帮助或支持） | |
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131
regiments
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| （军队的）团( regiment的名词复数 )； 大量的人或物 | |
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132
invaders
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| 入侵者，侵略者，侵入物( invader的名词复数 ) | |
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133
fanatics
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| 狂热者，入迷者( fanatic的名词复数 ) | |
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134
meditate
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| v.想，考虑，（尤指宗教上的）沉思，冥想 | |
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135
despatch
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| n./v.(dispatch)派遣；发送；n.急件；新闻报道 | |
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136
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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137
gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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138
proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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139
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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140
conversing
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| v.交谈，谈话( converse的现在分词 ) | |
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141
memorise
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| vt.记住，熟记 | |
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142
abated
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| 减少( abate的过去式和过去分词 )； 减去； 降价； 撤消（诉讼） | |
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143
disastrous
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| adj.灾难性的，造成灾害的；极坏的，很糟的 | |
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144
junction
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| n.连接，接合；交叉点，接合处，枢纽站 | |
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145
forum
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| n.论坛，讨论会 | |
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146
ebbing
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| （指潮水）退( ebb的现在分词 )； 落； 减少； 衰落 | |
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147
misgivings
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| n.疑虑，担忧，害怕；疑虑，担心，恐惧( misgiving的名词复数 )；疑惧 | |
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148
anticipation
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| n.预期，预料，期望 | |
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149
throngs
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| n.人群( throng的名词复数 )v.成群，挤满( throng的第三人称单数 ) | |
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150
defensive
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| adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的 | |
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151
presumption
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| n.推测，可能性，冒昧，放肆，[法律]推定 | |
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152
derive
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| v.取得；导出；引申；来自；源自；出自 | |
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153
disaffected
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| adj.（政治上）不满的，叛离的 | |
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