Richmond, as seen from the hill, with the James River flowing by, its broad, level streets, full foliaged trees, and spacious1 homes, is a beautiful city. Rich in historic association, never did it appear more attractive to Southern eyes than when, arriving in the late autumn of ’1, we found our Confederate Government established there, and the air full of activity. To accommodate the influx2 of Congressional and military folk, the houses of the patriotic3 residents were thrown open, until the capacity of every residence, hotel and lodging-house was tested to the fullest. By the time Senator Clay and I arrived, there was scarcely an extra bed to be had in the city, and though everywhere it was apparent that an unsettled feeling existed, there was nothing either indeterminate or volatile4 in the zeal5 with which the dense6 community was fired. As the new-comers, for the greater part, represented families which a season before had been conspicuous7 in Washington, society was in the most buoyant of spirits. Our courage was high, for our army had won glorious battles against remarkable8 odds9, and, though gallant10 men had fallen, as occasion demanded them, new heroes sprang to meet it.
For a few months we revelled11 in canvas-backs and greenbacks, undisturbed by forewarnings of coming draw-backs. To furnish the tables of Richmond nearly all the ducks in Chesapeake Bay fell victims. We feasted on oysters12 and terrapin13 of the finest, and unmeasured hospitality was the order of the day on every 169side. Never had I looked upon so great an activity, whether military, political, or social. I had demurred14 when, as we were about to start for the capital, my maid packed an evening dress or two.
“We are going to war, Emily,” I said; “we shall have no need for velvet15 or jewels. We are going to nurse the sick; not to dress and dance.” But Emily’s ardour on my behalf led her to rebel.
“There’s bound to be somethin’ goin’ on, Miss ‘Ginie,’” she declared, “an’ I ain’t goin’ to let my Mistis be outshined by Mis’ —— an’ dem other ladies!” And, despite my protests, the gowns were duly packed. There were many occasions afterward16 when I blessed the thoughtfulness of my little gingerbread-tinted maid; for there were heroes to dine and to cheer in Richmond, both civil and military, and sombre garments are a sorry garb17 in which to greet or brighten the thoughts of men tired with the strain of building or fighting for a government.
A sororal spirit actuated our women, and while our greatest entertainment missed some of the mere18 display which had marked the social events in the Federal City, they were happier gatherings19, for we were a people united in interest and in heart. Some of the brightest memories I carry of that first session are of informal evenings where neighbours gathered sans cérémonie. I recall one such spent at the home of the Mallorys, the occasion being a dinner given to Brigadier General John H. Morgan, who did the Confederacy such gallant service, and was rewarded while in Richmond by the hand of one of its prettiest daughters, Miss Reedy, who had been a favourite in Washington society. A daughter of Mr. Reedy, M.C., from Tennessee, she was the first girl of her day in Washington to wear a curl upon her forehead, which coquettish item of coiffure was soon imitated by a hundred others.
170The family of Mr. Mallory was a model one, every member seeming to have his or her share in rounding out the general attractiveness. An informal meal taken with that family was an experience long to be remembered, for the little children took each his turn in asking the blessing21, which was never omitted, and which was especially impressive in those days, in which the shadows of growing privations soon grew to be recognised if not openly discussed or admitted. Our Secretary of the Navy, Mr. Mallory, was the merriest of hosts, with a wit as sudden and as brilliant as sheet-lightning, and a power of summing up, when he chose to exert it, both events and people, in the most amusing manner. A picture remains22 clearly in my mind of the evening devoted23 to General Morgan. Ruby24 Mallory, then about thirteen years of age, recited for us Holmes’s “The Punch-bowl,” while our host, in hearty25 enjoyment26 of the verses,
“Stirred the posset with his ladle,”
to the rhythm of his little daughter’s speech.
During our first winter in Richmond my husband and I made our home with Mrs. Du Val, near to the Exchange Hotel, a terrifically overcrowded hostelry at all Confederate times, and within a short walk of the Seddon home, now the Executive Mansion27. It was a commodious28 and stately structure, in which our President, now domiciled, lived with an admirable disdain29 of display. Statesmen passing through the halls on their way to the discussion of weighty things were likely to hear the ringing laughter of the care-free and happy Davis children issuing from somewhere above stairs or the gardens. The circle at Mrs. Du Val’s, our headquarters, as it came and went for three eventful years, comprised some of our former Washington mess-mates, and others newly called into public service. Among the favourites was General J. E. B. Stuart, a rollicking fellow, who loved music, and 171himself could sing a most pleasing ballad30. He was wont31 to dash up to the gate on his horse, his plumes32 waving, and he appearing to our hopeful eyes a veritable Murat. He was a gallant soldier, what might be termed delightful33 company, and one of the most daring cavalry34 officers our service boasted. Twice, with comparatively but a handful of men, he circled McClellan’s big, unwieldly force as it lay massed, for months at a time, contemplating35 the possibility of closing in upon our capital. It may be said that upon his return to Richmond after his first brilliant feat36, General Stuart was the idol37 of the hour. When the exigencies38 of the service brought him again and again to the capital, he entered heartily39 into its social relaxations40. Two years passed. He was conspicuous one night in charades41, and the next they brought him in, dying from a ghastly wound received upon the battle-field.
I have said we were in gay spirits during that first session of the Confederate Congress; but this condition was resolved upon rather than the spontaneous expression of our real mood, though hope was strong and we were armed with a conviction of right upon our side, and with the assurance of the courage of our soldiers, which filled us with a fine feminine scorn of the mere might of our assailants. Our editors, filled with patriotism42 and alert, kept us informed of the stirring events of the field and of the great victories which, until the loss of Fort Donelson and the fall of Nashville, so often stood to our credit. Scarcely a triumph, nevertheless, in which was not borne down some friend who was dear to us, so that all news of victory gained might be matched with the story of fearful loss. However, such was our loyalty43 to the cause, that the stimulus44 of our victories overbore the sorrow for our losses, sustaining our courage on every side. Before that first session of Congress adjourned45, we had buried an army of brave men, among them Generals 172Zollicoffer and Albert Sidney Johnston. Our coast was closed by the blockading fleets of the Federal Government. We had lost New Orleans, and the Tennessee Valley was slipping from us. Huntsville, which lay directly in the path of the invading army, itself threatened, was now become a hospital for the wounded from abandoned Nashville. By the early spring the news from our family was ominous46 of deeper disaster to our beloved town.
“The public stores have been sent on from Nashville,” wrote mother, early in March of ’2, from Huntsville, “and from four to ten thousand men are said to be here or expected.... Yesterday the excitement was greater than I have known. Men were seen walking or riding quickly, and martial47 music told the tale of danger.... There are said to be a thousand sick and wounded here. They have no bedding but a blanket, and are placed in houses through which the wind blows. Rain spurts48 over the sick men’s couches, cooling their fever and making their blood congeal49, so that death interposes for their relief! It is rumoured50 that the President will be here to-night. People were up (last night) till two o’clock, waiting to see him....”
“General Pillow is at the hotel, but told Dr. Slaughter51 he would not bring Mrs. Pillow here, as General Buell intends to make this place his headquarters!... I have no time to speculate on the future, but try to encourage others to have courage and faith, and not to discourage our soldiers by permitting their fears to be known; but to stimulate52 them by letting them see the firmness and calm trustfulness with which we commit more than our lives to their keeping!”
The news of Huntsville’s danger was our private anxiety in Richmond, where each Senator and Congressman53 carried the burden of apprehension54 for his own kin20 173and family possessions well concealed55; for at the capital the nation’s losses and gains loomed56 large and obscured the lesser57 ones of individuals. Moreover, always before us was the stimulus of the presence of fearless men and the unceasing energy of our President.
I remember on one occasion seeing President Davis passing down the street, beside him, on the left, General Buckner; on the right, General Breckenridge—three stalwart and gallant men as ever walked abreast58; and as I watched them the thought came involuntarily, “Can a cause fail with such men at the head?”
Throughout the life of Richmond as a capital, the streets were peopled with soldiers on their way to or from the several headquarters. There was an unintermitting beating of drums, too often muffled59, and the singing of merry bugles60. With the knowledge that we were in the city which, more than any other, invited and defied the attacks of the enemy, a sense of danger spurred our spirits. Though the boom of guns was often not a distant sound, and the solemn carrying in of our wounded became increasingly frequent, few gave way to apprehensions61 or doubts; for, as I have said, there were heroes in Richmond to cheer, and our women, putting away from their minds the remembrance of the wounds they had dressed in the morning visit to the hospitals, smiled and devised entertainments well calculated to lift the burden of responsibility, at least for the time being, from the minds and hearts of our leaders, legislative62 and military. Among the most active hostesses were Mrs. Randolph, wife of one of the members of President Davis’s Cabinet, and Mrs. Ives, who put on some charming private theatricals63 in their parlours; there were the Lees and Harrimans; the Ritchies and Pegrams and Welfords; the Masons and Warwicks, MacFarlanes, Seldens, Leighs (near relatives, these, of Patrick Henry); besides the 174Branders, West Robinsons, Walkers, Scotts, Coxes, Cabells, Semmes, Ives, and other hostesses of renown64 and long pedigree, whose homes dispensed65 the friendliest hospitality.
“Do you not remember?” wrote Mrs. Semmes, of New Orleans, to whom I put some queries66 concerning an episode of that life in Richmond, “do you not remember Mrs. Stannard, who had such a charming house and gave such delicious teas, alluring67 such men as Soulé, Commodore Barrow, Henry Marshall, of Louisiana, Butler King, and last, though not least, our dear old Vice-President Stephens? She boasted that she never read a book, and yet all these distinguished68 gentlemen gathered around her board and ate those hot muffins and broiled69 chicken with gusto!”
These, and unnumbered other faces, rise before me as I recall the great amateur performance of “The Rivals,” which made that first winter in Richmond memorable70 and our hostess, Mrs. Ives, famous. In that performance Constance Cary, a beauty of the Fairfax family, captured all hearts as the languishing72 Lydia, among them that of our President’s Secretary, Colonel Burton Harrison, whose wife she afterward became.
Recalling that interesting evening, Mrs. Harrison wrote very recently, “It seems an aeon73 since that time, but I have a very vivid recollection of the fun we had and of how prettily74 Mrs. Ives did everything, spite of grim-visaged war! How I wish I could do anything now with the same zest75 and rapture76 with which I put on Lydia’s paduasoy and patches! Brother Clarence, then a very youthful midshipman, was the Fag, and my hero, Captain Absolute, was Mr. Lee Tucker, who has vanished, for me, into the mists of time! I have not heard his name in years!”
The fame of that entertainment, the excitement which the preparation for it caused, spread far beyond the picket77 175lines, and we heard afterward that a daring officer of McClellan’s army had planned to don the Confederate uniform and cross the lines to take a peep at the much-talked-of performance. “There was a galaxy78 of talent and beauty in that fairest city of the South,” writes my friend, Mrs. Ives, recalling, in 1903, those scenes of the early sixties, “from which I was able to select a strong cast which pre-assured us a brilliant performance. Miss Cary was bewitching, her fair beauty accentuated79 by the rich costumes she donned for the occasion and which had been worn by her distinguished ancestors in the days of the Old Dominion’s glory! Your sister-in-law, Mrs. H. L. Clay, was so fascinating as Lucy that she captivated her husband anew, as he afterward told me; and then, besides, there was pretty Miss Herndon, who tortured her Falkland into jealousy80.”[24]
As that historic evening’s pleasures crown all other recollections of social life in the Confederate capital, so soon to be in the eclipse of sorrow and undreamed-of privations, I cannot refrain from recording81 some incidents of it. Those who took part in the performance (or their descendants) are now scattered82 in every State of the union, and it is only by the co?peration of some who remember, among them Mrs. Cora Semmes Ives, of Alexandria, Va., Mrs. Myra Knox Semmes, of New Orleans, and Mrs. Burton Harrison, of New York, that I am enabled to gather together again the names of the cast which charmed Richmond’s three hundred during the first session of the C. S. A. Congress. They were:
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Sir Anthony Absolute Mr. Randolph, of Richmond
Captain Absolute Mr. Lee Tucker
Sir Lucius O’Trigger (and he had an unapproachable brogue) Robert W. Brown, N. Carolina
Fag Midshipman Clarence Cary
David Mr. Robinson, of Richmond
Julia Miss Herndon, Virginia
Lucy, maid to Lydia Mrs. Hugh Lawson Clay, Alabama
Harpist, Mrs. Semmes Fitzgerald
Pianist, Miss Robinson.
For this great occasion no efforts were spared in the rehearsing of our cast, nor in the preparation of our wardrobe. Mrs. Drew, being at that time engaged in playing a precarious84 engagement at the local theatre (the price of seats not exceeding seventy-five cents, as befitted the times), was invited to a private consultation85 and criticism of the parts, and it gives me some pleasure, even at this day, to remember her approval of my interpretation86 of the difficult r?le I had had the hardihood to assume. Our Sir Lucius acquired for the occasion a brogue so rich that almost as much time (and trouble) were necessary to eradicate87 it from his speech in the weeks that followed as had been spent in attaining88 it.
The defection of one of the cast for the after-piece (Bombastes Furioso) caused our hostess to display a genuine ability for stage management. Unacquainted with the part she was herself compelled to assume, Mrs. Ives resolved to bring her audience to a state of leniency89 for any possible shortcomings by dazzling them with the beauty of her apparel. A picture hat from Paris had just run the blockade and arrived safely to the hands of little Miss Ruby Mallory, for whom it had been destined90. It was a Leghorn, trimmed with azure91 velvet and plumes of the same shade. It was an especially appropriate headgear for a character given to dreaming “that all the pots 177and pans had turned to gold,” and an appeal made to the owner brought it swiftly into the possession of Mrs. Ives. Her success was instantaneous. “I declare,” she said when the play was over, “nothing but that Paris hat saved me from an attack of stage fright!”
The home of Lieutenant92 Ives on this occasion was crowded to its utmost capacity, the guests comprising President and Mrs. Davis, the Cabinet and Congressional members, together with prominent generals, numbering in all three hundred. The stage, erected93 under the supervision94 of our host, an expert engineer, was a wonderful demonstration95 of his ingenuity96. Placed at one end of the long Colonial parlours, it commanded the eye of every visitor. The performance gave the utmost delight to our audience, and Secretary Mallory, who had seen “The Rivals” (so he told me) in every large city of the United States, and on the boards at Drury Lane, declared it had never been given by a cast at once so brilliant and so able! Be that as it may, the remembrance of that performance for forty years has remained as the most ambitious social event in the Confederate States’ capital.
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1
spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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influx
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| n.流入，注入 | |
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patriotic
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| adj.爱国的，有爱国心的 | |
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volatile
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| adj.反复无常的，挥发性的，稍纵即逝的，脾气火爆的；n.挥发性物质 | |
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zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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dense
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| a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的 | |
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conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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odds
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| n.让步，机率，可能性，比率；胜败优劣之别 | |
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gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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revelled
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| v.作乐( revel的过去式和过去分词 )；狂欢；着迷；陶醉 | |
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oysters
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| 牡蛎( oyster的名词复数 ) | |
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terrapin
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| n.泥龟；鳖 | |
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demurred
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| v.表示异议，反对( demur的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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velvet
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| n.丝绒，天鹅绒；adj.丝绒制的，柔软的 | |
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afterward
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| adv.后来；以后 | |
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garb
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| n.服装，装束 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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gatherings
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| 聚集( gathering的名词复数 )； 收集； 采集； 搜集 | |
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kin
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| n.家族，亲属，血缘关系；adj.亲属关系的，同类的 | |
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blessing
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| n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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ruby
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| n.红宝石，红宝石色 | |
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hearty
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| adj.热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵情的 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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commodious
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| adj.宽敞的；使用方便的 | |
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disdain
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| n.鄙视，轻视；v.轻视，鄙视，不屑 | |
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ballad
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| n.歌谣，民谣，流行爱情歌曲 | |
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wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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plumes
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| 羽毛( plume的名词复数 )； 羽毛饰； 羽毛状物； 升上空中的羽状物 | |
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delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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contemplating
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| 深思，细想，仔细考虑( contemplate的现在分词 )； 注视，凝视； 考虑接受（发生某事的可能性）； 深思熟虑，沉思，苦思冥想 | |
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feat
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| n.功绩；武艺，技艺；adj.灵巧的，漂亮的，合适的 | |
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idol
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| n.偶像，红人，宠儿 | |
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exigencies
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| n.急切需要 | |
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heartily
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| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
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relaxations
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| n.消遣( relaxation的名词复数 )；松懈；松弛；放松 | |
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charades
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| n.伪装( charade的名词复数 )；猜字游戏 | |
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patriotism
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| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
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loyalty
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| n.忠诚，忠心 | |
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stimulus
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| n.刺激，刺激物，促进因素，引起兴奋的事物 | |
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adjourned
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| （使）休会， （使）休庭( adjourn的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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ominous
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| adj.不祥的，不吉的，预兆的，预示的 | |
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martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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spurts
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| 短暂而突然的活动或努力( spurt的名词复数 )； 突然奋起 | |
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congeal
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| v.凝结，凝固 | |
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rumoured
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| adj.谣传的；传说的；风 | |
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slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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stimulate
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| vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋 | |
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Congressman
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| n.（美）国会议员 | |
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apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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concealed
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| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
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loomed
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| v.隐约出现，阴森地逼近( loom的过去式和过去分词 )；隐约出现，阴森地逼近 | |
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lesser
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| adj.次要的，较小的；adv.较小地，较少地 | |
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abreast
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| adv.并排地；跟上(时代)的步伐，与…并进地 | |
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muffled
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| adj.（声音）被隔的；听不太清的；（衣服）裹严的；蒙住的v.压抑，捂住( muffle的过去式和过去分词 )；用厚厚的衣帽包着（自己） | |
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bugles
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| 妙脆角，一种类似薯片但做成尖角或喇叭状的零食； 号角( bugle的名词复数 )； 喇叭； 匍匐筋骨草； （装饰女服用的）柱状玻璃（或塑料）小珠 | |
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apprehensions
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| 疑惧 | |
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legislative
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| n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的 | |
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theatricals
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| n.（业余性的）戏剧演出，舞台表演艺术；职业演员；戏剧的( theatrical的名词复数 )；剧场的；炫耀的；戏剧性的 | |
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renown
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| n.声誉，名望 | |
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dispensed
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| v.分配( dispense的过去式和过去分词 )；施与；配（药） | |
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queries
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| n.问题( query的名词复数 )；疑问；询问；问号v.质疑，对…表示疑问( query的第三人称单数 )；询问 | |
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alluring
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| adj.吸引人的，迷人的 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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broiled
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| a.烤过的 | |
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memorable
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| adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的 | |
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languish
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| vi.变得衰弱无力，失去活力，（植物等）凋萎 | |
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languishing
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| a. 衰弱下去的 | |
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aeon
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| n.极长的时间；永久 | |
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prettily
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| adv.优美地；可爱地 | |
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zest
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| n.乐趣；滋味，风味；兴趣 | |
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rapture
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| n.狂喜；全神贯注；着迷；v.使狂喜 | |
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picket
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| n.纠察队；警戒哨；v.设置纠察线；布置警卫 | |
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galaxy
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| n.星系；银河系；一群(杰出或著名的人物) | |
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accentuated
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| v.重读( accentuate的过去式和过去分词 )；使突出；使恶化；加重音符号于 | |
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jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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recording
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| n.录音，记录 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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clement
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| adj.仁慈的；温和的 | |
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precarious
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| adj.不安定的，靠不住的；根据不足的 | |
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consultation
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| n.咨询；商量；商议；会议 | |
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interpretation
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| n.解释，说明，描述；艺术处理 | |
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eradicate
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| v.根除，消灭，杜绝 | |
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attaining
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的现在分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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leniency
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| n.宽大（不严厉） | |
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destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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azure
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| adj.天蓝色的，蔚蓝色的 | |
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lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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supervision
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| n.监督，管理 | |
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demonstration
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| n.表明，示范，论证，示威 | |
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ingenuity
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| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
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