All persons who come to London, from whatever part of the world they may, whether English or foreigners, go to see Westminster Abbey, the place of interment of all illustrious men; kings, admirals, statesmen, poets, philosophers, and divines, even stage-players and musicians. There is perhaps no other temple in the world where such practical testimony7 is borne to the truth, that “Death levels all distinctions, except those of desert.”
257They continue to call this church an Abbey, just as they continue to profess8 their belief in the most holy Sacrament. Originally it was the second religious establishment in the island; and, since Glastonbury has been desecrated9 and destroyed, is now the first. Lucius, the first Christian10 king of the Britons, founded it, to be the burial-place of himself and his successors. During the persecution11 of Diocletian, it was converted into a temple of Apollo, which Sebert, king of the East Saxons, demolished12, and built a church to the honour of God and St Peter in its stead. The place where it stands was then called Thorney, and is said in a charter of king Edgar’s to have been a dreadful place; not so much, it is supposed, on account of its rudeness, as because the wicked spirits who were there worshipped had dominion13 there. St Augustine, the apostle of the Saxons, had baptized Sebert and his queen Ethelgoda; and, being unable to remain with them himself, consigned14 the care of 258his converts to St Mellitus, a Roman abbot, whom pope St Gregory the Great had sent to his assistance, and whom he consecrated15 bishop17 of London. This holy bishop was to consecrate16 the new building; but on the night before the ceremony was to be performed, a fisherman, as he was about to cast his nets in the river, which runs within a stone’s throw of the Abbey, was called to by one upon the opposite bank, who desired to cross in his boat. The fisherman accordingly wafted18 him over, little knowing, sinful man, how highly he was favoured, for this was the blessed apostle St Peter. As soon as the saint landed he entered the church, and immediately a light brighter than the midday sun illuminated19 it, and the fisherman, almost bereft20 of his senses by fear, saw a multitude of angels enter, and heard heavenly music within, and perceived odours far more delicious than any earthly fragrance21. In this state of terror St Peter found him when he came out of the church, 259and cheered him, and desired to be taken back in the boat. When they were in the middle of the river, the saint told him to cast his net. He did so, and the draught22 of fish was prodigious23. Among them was one large salmon24: St Peter bade him take this to St Mellitus, and keep the rest as his fare, and added that he and his children after him should always be prosperous in their employment, provided that they paid scrupulously25 the tithe26 of what they took, and never attempted to fish upon the Sabbath day. He bade him likewise tell the bishop all that he had seen, and that St Peter himself had consecrated the church, and promised often to visit it, and to be present there at the prayers of the faithful. In the morning, as St Mellitus was going in procession to perform the ceremony, the fisherman met him, presented the fish, and delivered the message. The appearance of the church as soon as the doors were opened fully27 verified his story. The pavement was marked with Greek and 260Latin letters; the walls anointed in twelve places with holy oil; the twelve tapers28 upon twelve crosses still burning, and the aspersions not yet dry. That further testimony might not be wanting, the fisherman described the person whom he had seen to St Mellitus, and the description perfectly29 agreed with the authentic30 picture of the apostle at Rome.
I need not tell you that this miracle is suppressed by the heretical historians who have written concerning this building. It is their custom either to speak of such things with a sarcasm31, or to omit them altogether, taking it for granted, that whatever they in their wisdom do not believe, must be false; as if it were not of importance to know what has been believed, whether it be true or not, and as if individual opinion was to be the standard of truth.
During the ravages32 of the Danes the abbey fell to decay. King St Edward the Confessor rebuilt it upon a singular occasion. This pious33 prince had made a 261vow to God during his exile, that if ever he should be restored to the kingdom of his forefathers35, he would make a pilgrimage to Rome, and return his thanks at the throne of St Peter. His subjects besought36 him not to leave them in performance of this vow34, but to beg a dispensation from it; and this the pope granted on condition that he should build a new monastery37 to St Peter’s honour, or rebuild an old one. At the same time it was revealed to a holy man, that it was God’s pleasure to have the abbey at Westminster rebuilt. The king obeyed this divine intimation, and gave the full tithe of all his possessions to the work. The tomb of this third founder38 still remains39: having been a king, he escaped some of the insults which were committed against the other English saints at the time of the schism40; and though his shrine41 was plundered42, his body was suffered to remain in peace. But though the monument was thus spared from the general destruction, it has been defaced by that spirit of barbarous 262curiosity, or wanton mischief43, for which these people are so remarkable44.
The high altar is of Grecian architecture. I ought to observe that in these reformed churches, there is but one altar; and if it had not been for an archbishop whose head they cut off because they thought him too superstitious45, they would have been without any altar at all. The mixture of these discordant46 styles of architecture has the worst effect imaginable; and what is still more extraordinary, this mark of bad taste is the production of one of the ablest architects that England ever produced, the celebrated47 Sir Christopher Wren48. But in his time it was so much the fashion to speak with contempt of whatever was Gothic, and to despise the architecture of their forefathers, that, if the nation could have afforded money enough to have replaced these edifices49, there would not now have been one remaining in the kingdom.—Luckily the national wealth was at that 263time employed in preserving the balance of power and extending commerce, and this evil was avoided. Since that age, however, the English have learned better than to treat the Gothic with contempt; they have now discovered in it so much elegance51 and beauty, that they are endeavouring to change the barbarous name, and, with feeling partiality to themselves, claim the invention for their own countrymen: it is therefore become here an established article of Antiquarian faith to believe that this architecture is of native growth, and accordingly it is denominated English architecture in all the publications of the Antiquarian Society. This point I am neither bound to believe, nor disposed at present to discuss.
This Abbey is a curious repository of tombs, in which the progress of sculpture during eight centuries may be traced. Here may be seen the rude Saxon monument; the Gothic in all its stages, from 264its first rudiments52 to that perfection of florid beauty which it had attained53 at the Schism, and the monstrous54 combinations which prevailed in the time of Elizabeth, equally a heretic in her heterogeneous55 taste and her execrable religion. After the great rebellion, the change which had taken place in society became as manifest in the number as in the style of these memorials. In the early ages of Christianity, only saints and kings, and the founders56 of churches were thought worthy57 of interment within the walls of the house of God; nobles were satisfied with a place in the Galilee, and the people never thought of monuments: it was enough for them to rest in consecrated ground; and so their names were written in the Book of Life, it mattered not how soon they were forgotten upon earth. The privilege of burial within the church was gradually conceded to rank and to literature; still, however, they who had no pretensions58 to be remembered by posterity59 were content to be forgotten. 265The process may satisfactorily be traced in the church whereof I am now writing, and thus far it had reached at the time of the Great Rebellion; during that struggle, few monuments were erected60; they who would have been entitled to them were mostly on the unsuccessful side, and the conquerors61 had no respect for churches; instead of erecting62 new tombs, their delight was to deface the old. After the Restoration the triumph of wealth began. The iron age of England was over, and the golden one commenced. An English author has written an ingenious book, to show that the true order of the four ages is precisely63 the reverse of that in which the poets have arranged them: the age in which riches are paramount64 to every thing may well be denominated the golden, but it remains to be proved whether such an age of gold be the best in the series. With the Restoration, however, that golden age began. Money was the passport to distinction during life, and they who enjoyed this distinction 266were determined65 to be remembered after death, as long as inscriptions66 in marble could secure remembrance. The church walls were then lined with tablets; and vain as the hope of thus perpetuating68 an ignoble69 name may appear, it has succeeded better than you would imagine; for every county, city, and almost every town in England has its particular history, and the epitaphs in the churches and church-yards form no inconsiderable part of their contents.
The numerous piles of marble which deface the Abbey are crowded together, without any reference to the style of the building or the situation in which they are placed; except two which flank the entrance of the choir71, and are made ornamental72 by a similarity of form and size, which has not confined the artist in varying the design of each. One bears the great name of Newton: he is represented reclining upon a sarcophagus; above him is Astronomy seated in an attitude of meditation73 267on a celestial74 globe. This globe, which certainly occupies so large a space as to give an idea of weight in the upper part of the monument, seems principally placed there to show the track of the comet which appeared, according to Newton’s calculation, in the year 1680. On a tablet in the side of the sarcophagus is an emblematic75 representation, in relief, of some of the purposes to which he applied76 his philosophy. The inscription67 concludes curiously77 thus,
Sibi gratulentur mortales
Talem tantumque extitisse
Humani Generis Decus.
The corresponding monument is in memory of the Earl of Stanhope, as eminent78 a warrior79 and statesman as Newton had been a philosopher. He is represented in Roman armour80, reposing81 on a sarcophagus also, and under a tent; on the top of which a figure of Pallas seems at once to protect him, and point him out as worthy of admiration82. Both these were designed by 268an English artist, and executed by Michael Rysbrack.
England has produced few good sculptors83; it would not be incorrect if I should say none, with the exception of Mr Banks, a living artist, whose best works are not by any means estimated according to their merit. I saw at his house a female figure of Victory designed for the tomb of a naval84 officer who fell in battle, as admirably executed as any thing which has been produced since the revival85 of the art. There were also two busts86 there, the one of Mr Hastings, late viceroy of India, the other of the celebrated usurper87 Oliver Cromwell, which would have done honour to the best age of sculpture. Most of the monuments in this church are wholly worthless in design and execution, and the few which have any merit are the work of foreigners.
One of the vergers went round with us; a man whose lank70 stature88 and solemn deportment would have suited the church in its best days. When first I saw him in the 269shadow he looked like one of the Gothic figures affixed89 to a pillar; and when he began to move, I could have fancied that an embalmed90 corpse91 had risen from its cemetery92 to say mass in one of the chauntries. He led us with much civility and solemnity to Edward the Confessor’s chapel, and showed us there the tomb of that holy king; the chairs in which the king and queen are crowned; the famous coronation stone, brought hither from Scotland, and once regarded as the Palladium of the royal line; and in the same chapel certain waxen figures as large as life, and in full dress. You have heard J— mention the representation of the Nativity at Belem; and exclaim against the degenerate93 taste of the Portuguese94, in erecting a puppet-show among the tombs of their kings. It was not without satisfaction that I reminded him of this on my return from Westminster Abbey, and told him I had seen the wax-work.
The most interesting part of the edifice50 270is the chapel built by Henry VII. and called by his name. At the upper end is the bronze tomb of the founder, surrounded by a Gothic screen, which was once richly ornamented95 with statues in its various niches96 and recesses97, but most of these have been destroyed. The whole is the work of Torregiano, an Italian artist, who broke Michel Angelo’s nose, and died in Spain under a charge of heresy98. Since the reign6 of Elizabeth, no monument has been erected to any of the English sovereigns: a proof of the coldness which their baneful99 heresy has produced in the national feeling. A plain marble pavement covers the royal dead in this splendid chapel, erected by one of their ancestors. No one was here to be interred100 who was not of the royal family: Cromwell, however, the great usurper, whose name is held in higher estimation abroad than it seems to be in his own country, was deposited here with more than royal pomp. It was easier to dispossess him from the grave than from 271the throne; his bones were dug up by order of Charles II. and gibbeted: poor vengeance101 for a father dethroned and decapitated, for his own defeat at Worcester, and for twelve years of exile! The body of Blake, which had been laid with merited honours in the same vault102, was also removed, and turned into the church-yard: if the removal was thought necessary, English gratitude103 should at least have raised a monument over the man who had raised the English name higher than ever admiral before him.
One thing struck me, in viewing this church, as very remarkable. The monuments which are within reach of a walking-stick are all more or less injured, by that barbarous habit which Englishmen have of seeing by the sense of touch, if I may so express myself. They can never look at any thing without having it in the hand, nor show it to another person without touching104 it with a stick, if it is within reach; I have even noticed in several collections 272of pictures exposed for sale, a large printed inscription requesting the connoisseurs105 not to touch them. Besides this odd habit, which is universal, there is prevalent among these people a sort of mischievous manual wit, by which mile-stones are commonly defaced, directing-posts broken, and the parapets of bridges thrown into the river. Their dislike to a passage in a book is often shewn by tearing the leaf, or scrawling106 over the page, which differs from them in political opinion. Here is a monument to a Major André, who was hanged by Washington as a spy: the story was related in relief: it had not been erected a month before some person struck off Washington’s head by way of retaliation107; somebody of different sentiments requited108 this by knocking off the head of the major: so the two principal figures in the composition are both headless! From such depredations109 you might naturally suppose that no care is taken of the church, that stalls are set up in it, that old women 273sell gingerbread nuts there, and porters make it a thoroughfare, as is done in Hamburgh. On the contrary, no person is admitted to see the Abbey for less than two shillings; and this money, which is collected by twopences and sixpences, makes part of the revenue of the subordinate priests in this reformed church. There is a strange mixture of greatness and littleness in every thing in this country: for this, however, there is some excuse to be offered; from the mischief which is even now committed, it is evident that, were the public indiscriminately admitted, every thing valuable in the church would soon be destroyed.
点击
收听单词发音
收听单词发音 |
1
consecration
|
|
| n.供献，奉献，献祭仪式 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
2
sculptor
|
|
| n.雕刻家，雕刻家 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
3
chapel
|
|
| n.小教堂，殡仪馆 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
4
mischievous
|
|
| adj.调皮的，恶作剧的，有害的，伤人的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
5
propensity
|
|
| n.倾向；习性 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
6
reign
|
|
| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
7
testimony
|
|
| n.证词；见证，证明 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
8
profess
|
|
| v.声称，冒称，以...为业，正式接受入教，表明信仰 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
9
desecrated
|
|
| 毁坏或亵渎( desecrate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
10
Christian
|
|
| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
11
persecution
|
|
| n. 迫害,烦扰 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
12
demolished
|
|
| v.摧毁( demolish的过去式和过去分词 )；推翻；拆毁（尤指大建筑物）；吃光 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
13
dominion
|
|
| n.统治，管辖，支配权；领土，版图 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
14
consigned
|
|
| v.把…置于（令人不快的境地）( consign的过去式和过去分词 )；把…托付给；把…托人代售；丟弃 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
15
consecrated
|
|
| adj.神圣的，被视为神圣的v.把…奉为神圣，给…祝圣( consecrate的过去式和过去分词 )；奉献 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
16
consecrate
|
|
| v.使圣化，奉…为神圣；尊崇；奉献 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
17
bishop
|
|
| n.主教，（国际象棋）象 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
18
wafted
|
|
| v.吹送，飘送，（使）浮动( waft的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
19
illuminated
|
|
| adj.被照明的；受启迪的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
20
bereft
|
|
| adj.被剥夺的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
21
fragrance
|
|
| n.芬芳，香味，香气 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
22
draught
|
|
| n.拉，牵引，拖；一网（饮，吸，阵)；顿服药量，通风；v.起草，设计 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
23
prodigious
|
|
| adj.惊人的，奇妙的；异常的；巨大的；庞大的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
24
salmon
|
|
| n.鲑，大马哈鱼，橙红色的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
25
scrupulously
|
|
| adv.一丝不苟地；小心翼翼地，多顾虑地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
26
tithe
|
|
| n.十分之一税；v.课什一税，缴什一税 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
27
fully
|
|
| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
28
tapers
|
|
| （长形物体的）逐渐变窄( taper的名词复数 )； 微弱的光； 极细的蜡烛 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
29
perfectly
|
|
| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
30
authentic
|
|
| a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
31
sarcasm
|
|
| n.讥讽，讽刺，嘲弄，反话 （adj.sarcastic） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
32
ravages
|
|
| 劫掠后的残迹，破坏的结果，毁坏后的残迹 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
33
pious
|
|
| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
34
vow
|
|
| n.誓(言)，誓约；v.起誓，立誓 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
35
forefathers
|
|
| n.祖先，先人；祖先，祖宗( forefather的名词复数 )；列祖列宗；前人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
36
besought
|
|
| v.恳求，乞求（某事物）( beseech的过去式和过去分词 )；(beseech的过去式与过去分词) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
37
monastery
|
|
| n.修道院，僧院，寺院 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
38
Founder
|
|
| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
39
remains
|
|
| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
40
schism
|
|
| n.分派，派系，分裂 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
41
shrine
|
|
| n.圣地，神龛，庙；v.将...置于神龛内，把...奉为神圣 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
42
plundered
|
|
| 掠夺，抢劫( plunder的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
43
mischief
|
|
| n.损害，伤害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋，胡闹 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
44
remarkable
|
|
| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
45
superstitious
|
|
| adj.迷信的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
46
discordant
|
|
| adj.不调和的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
47
celebrated
|
|
| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
48
wren
|
|
| n.鹪鹩；英国皇家海军女子服务队成员 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
49
edifices
|
|
| n.大建筑物( edifice的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
50
edifice
|
|
| n.宏伟的建筑物(如宫殿，教室) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
51
elegance
|
|
| n.优雅；优美，雅致；精致，巧妙 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
52
rudiments
|
|
| n.基础知识，入门 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
53
attained
|
|
| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
54
monstrous
|
|
| adj.巨大的；恐怖的；可耻的，丢脸的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
55
heterogeneous
|
|
| adj.庞杂的；异类的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
56
founders
|
|
| n.创始人( founder的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
57
worthy
|
|
| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
58
pretensions
|
|
| 自称( pretension的名词复数 )； 自命不凡； 要求； 权力 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
59
posterity
|
|
| n.后裔，子孙，后代 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
60
ERECTED
|
|
| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
61
conquerors
|
|
| 征服者，占领者( conqueror的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
62
erecting
|
|
| v.使直立，竖起( erect的现在分词 )；建立 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
63
precisely
|
|
| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
64
paramount
|
|
| a.最重要的，最高权力的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
65
determined
|
|
| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
66
inscriptions
|
|
| （作者）题词( inscription的名词复数 )； 献词； 碑文； 证劵持有人的登记 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
67
inscription
|
|
| n.（尤指石块上的）刻印文字，铭文，碑文 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
68
perpetuating
|
|
| perpetuate的现在进行式 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
69
ignoble
|
|
| adj.不光彩的，卑鄙的；可耻的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
70
lank
|
|
| adj.瘦削的；稀疏的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
71
choir
|
|
| n.唱诗班，唱诗班的席位，合唱团，舞蹈团；v.合唱 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
72
ornamental
|
|
| adj.装饰的；作装饰用的；n.装饰品；观赏植物 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
73
meditation
|
|
| n.熟虑，（尤指宗教的）默想，沉思，（pl.）冥想录 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
74
celestial
|
|
| adj.天体的；天上的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
75
emblematic
|
|
| adj.象征的，可当标志的；象征性 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
76
applied
|
|
| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
77
curiously
|
|
| adv.有求知欲地；好问地；奇特地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
78
eminent
|
|
| adj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
79
warrior
|
|
| n.勇士，武士，斗士 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
80
armour
|
|
| （=armor）n.盔甲；装甲部队 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
81
reposing
|
|
| v.将（手臂等）靠在某人（某物）上( repose的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
82
admiration
|
|
| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
83
sculptors
|
|
| 雕刻家，雕塑家( sculptor的名词复数 )； [天]玉夫座 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
84
naval
|
|
| adj.海军的，军舰的，船的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
85
revival
|
|
| n.复兴，复苏，（精力、活力等的）重振 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
86
busts
|
|
| 半身雕塑像( bust的名词复数 )； 妇女的胸部； 胸围； 突击搜捕 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
87
usurper
|
|
| n. 篡夺者, 僭取者 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
88
stature
|
|
| n.（高度）水平，（高度）境界，身高，身材 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
89
affixed
|
|
| adj.[医]附着的，附着的v.附加( affix的过去式和过去分词 )；粘贴；加以；盖（印章） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
90
embalmed
|
|
| adj.用防腐药物保存（尸体）的v.保存（尸体）不腐( embalm的过去式和过去分词 )；使不被遗忘；使充满香气 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
91
corpse
|
|
| n.尸体，死尸 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
92
cemetery
|
|
| n.坟墓，墓地，坟场 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
93
degenerate
|
|
| v.退步，堕落；adj.退步的，堕落的；n.堕落者 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
94
Portuguese
|
|
| n.葡萄牙人；葡萄牙语 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
95
ornamented
|
|
| adj.花式字体的v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
96
niches
|
|
| 壁龛( niche的名词复数 )； 合适的位置[工作等]； （产品的）商机； 生态位（一个生物所占据的生境的最小单位） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
97
recesses
|
|
| n.壁凹( recess的名词复数 )；（工作或业务活动的）中止或暂停期间；学校的课间休息；某物内部的凹形空间v.把某物放在墙壁的凹处( recess的第三人称单数 )；将（墙）做成凹形，在（墙）上做壁龛；休息，休会，休庭 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
98
heresy
|
|
| n.异端邪说；异教 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
99
baneful
|
|
| adj.有害的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
100
interred
|
|
| v.埋，葬( inter的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
101
vengeance
|
|
| n.报复，报仇，复仇 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
102
vault
|
|
| n.拱形圆顶，地窖，地下室 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
103
gratitude
|
|
| adj.感激，感谢 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
104
touching
|
|
| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
105
connoisseurs
|
|
| n.鉴赏家，鉴定家，行家( connoisseur的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
106
scrawling
|
|
| 乱涂，潦草地写( scrawl的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
|
107
retaliation
|
|
| n.报复，反击 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
108
requited
|
|
| v.报答( requite的过去式和过去分词 )；酬谢；回报；报复 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
109
depredations
|
|
| n.劫掠，毁坏( depredation的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
| 欢迎访问英文小说网 |