The harp5 and the wassail-bowl went round; and each one of the company sang a song, or told a story, or in some way did his part to add to the evening’s enjoyment6. And a young sea-king who sat at Siegfried’s side told most bewitching tales of other lands which lie beyond Old AEgir’s kingdom. Then, when the harp came to him, he sang the wondrous7 song of the shaping of the earth. And all who heard were charmed with the sweet sound and with the pleasant words. He sang of the sunlight and the south winds and the summer-time, of the storms and the snow and the sombre shadows of the North-land. And he sang of the dead Ymir, the giant whose flesh had made the solid earth, and whose blood the sea, and whose bones the mountains, whose teeth the cliffs and crags, and whose skull8 the heavens. And he sang of Odin, the earth’s preserver, the Giver of life, the Father of all; and of the Asa-folk who dwell in Asgard; and of the ghostly heroes in Valhal. Then he sang of the heaven-tower of the thunder-god, and of the shimmering9 Asa-bridge, or rainbow, all afire; and, lastly, of the four dwarfs10 who hold the blue sky-dome above them, and of the elves of the mountains, and of the wood-sprites and the fairies. Then he laid aside his harp, and told the old but ever-beautiful story of the death of Balder the Good.
The Story.
Balder, as you know, was Odin’s son; and he was the brightest and best of all the Asa-folk. Wherever he went, there were gladness and light-hearted mirth, and blooming flowers, and singing birds, and murmuring waterfalls. Balder, too, was a hero, but not one of the blustering11 kind, like Thor. He slew12 no giants; he never went into battle; he never tried to make for himself a name among the dwellers13 of the mid-world; and yet he was a hero of the noblest type. He dared to do right, and to stand up for the good, the true, and the beautiful. There are still some such heroes, but the world does not always hear of them.
Hoder, the blind king of the winter months, was Balder’s brother, and as unlike him as darkness is unlike daylight. While one rejoiced, and was merry and cheerful, the other was low-spirited and sad. While one scattered14 sunshine and blessings15 everywhere, the other carried with him a sense of cheerlessness and gloom. Yet the brothers loved each other dearly.
One night Balder dreamed a strange dream, and when he awoke he could not forget it. All day long he was thoughtful and sad, and he was not his own bright, happy self. His mother, the Asa-queen, saw that something troubled him; and she asked,—
“Whence comes that cloud upon your brow? Will you suffer it to chase away all your sunshine? and will you become, like your brother Hoder, all frowns and sighs and tears?”
Then Balder told her what he had dreamed; and she, too, was sorely troubled, for it was a frightful16 dream, and foreboded dire17 disasters. Then both she and Balder went to Odin, and to him they told the cause of their uneasiness. And the All-Father also was distressed18; for he knew that such dreams, dreamed by Asa-folk, were the forewarnings of evil. So he saddled his eight-footed steed Sleipner; and, without telling any one where he was going, he rode with the speed of the winds down into the Valley of Death. The dog that guards the gateway20 to that dark and doleful land came out to meet him. Blood was on the fierce beast’s breast, and he barked loudly and angrily at the All-Father and his wondrous horse. But Odin sang sweet magic songs as he drew near; and the dog was charmed with the sound, and Sleipner and his rider went onward21 in safety. And they passed the dark halls of the pale-faced queen, and came to the east gate of the valley. There stood the low hut of a witch who lived in darkness, and, like the Norns, spun22 the thread of fate for gods and men.
Odin stood before the hut, and sang a wondrous song of witchery and enchantment23; and he laid a spell upon the weird24 woman, and forced her to come out of her dark dwelling, and to answer his questions.
“Who is this stranger?” asked the witch. “Who is this unknown who calls me from my narrow home, and sets an irksome task for me? Long have I been left alone in my quiet house; nor recked I that the snow sometimes covered with its cold white mantle25 both me and my resting-place, or that the pattering rain and the gently falling dew often moistened the roof of my dwelling. Long have I rested quietly, and I do not wish now to be aroused.”
“I am Valtam’s son,” said Odin; “and I come to learn of thee. Tell me, I pray, for whom are the soft couches prepared that I saw in the broad halls of Death? For whom are the jewels, and the rings, and the rich clothing, and the shining shield?”
“All are for Balder, Odin’s son,” she answered. “And the mead26 which has been brewed27 for him is hidden beneath the shining shield.”
Then Odin asked who would be the slayer28 of Balder, and she answered that Hoder was the one who would send the shining Asa to the halls of Death.
“A son of Earth but one day old shall be Balder’s avenger30. Go thou now home, Odin; for I know thou art not Valtam’s son. Go home; and none shall again awaken31 me, nor disturb me at my task, until the new day shall dawn, and Balder shall rule over the young world in its purity, and there shall be no more Death.”
Then Odin rode sorrowfully homeward; but he told no one of his journey to the Dark Valley, nor of what the weird witch had said to him.
Balder’s mother, the Asa-queen, could not rest because of the ill-omened dream that her son had had; and in her distress she called all the Asa-folk together to consider what should be done. But they were speechless with sorrow and alarm; and none could offer advice, nor set her mind at ease. Then she sought out every living creature, and every lifeless thing, upon the earth, and asked each one to swear that it would not on any account hurt Balder, nor touch him to do him harm. And this oath was willingly made by fire and water, earth and air, by all beasts and creeping things and birds and fishes, by the rocks and by the trees and all metals; for every thing loved Balder the Good.
Then the Asa-folk thought that great honor was shown to Balder each time any thing refused to hurt him; and to show their love for him, as well as to amuse themselves, they often hewed33 at him with their battle-axes, or struck at him with their sharp swords, or hurled34 toward him their heavy lances. For every weapon turned aside from its course, and would neither mark nor bruise35 the shining target at which it was aimed; and Balder’s princely beauty shone as bright and as pure as ever.
When Loki the Mischief-maker saw how all things loved and honored Balder, his heart was filled with jealous hate, and he sought all over the earth for some beast or bird or tree or lifeless thing, that had not taken the oath. But he could find not one. Then, disguised as a fair maiden36, he went to Fensal Hall, where dwelt Balder’s mother. The fair Asa-queen was busy at her distaff, with her golden spindles, spinning flax to be woven into fine linen37 for the gods. And her maid-servant, Fulla of the flowing hair, sat on a stool beside her. When the queen saw Loki, she asked,—
“Whence come you, fair stranger? and what favor would you ask of Odin’s wife?”
“I come,” answered the disguised Loki, “from the plains of Ida, where the gods meet for pleasant pastime, as well as to talk of the weightier matters of their kingdom.”
“And how do they while away their time to-day?” asked the queen.
“They have a pleasant game which they call Balder’s Honor,” was the answer. “The shining hero stands before them as a target, and each one tries his skill at hurling38 some weapon toward him. First Odin throws at him the spear Gungner, which never before was known to miss its mark; but it passes harmlessly over Balder’s head. Then Thor takes up a huge rock, and hurls39 it full at Balder’s breast; but it turns in its course, and will not smite40 the sun-bright target. Then Tyr seizes a battle-axe, and strikes at Balder as though he would hew32 him down; but the keen edge refuses to touch him: and in this way the Asa-folk show honor to the best of their number.”
The Asa-queen smiled in the glad pride of her mother-heart, and said, “Yes, every thing shows honor to the best of Odin’s sons; for neither metal nor wood nor stone nor fire nor water will touch Balder to do him harm.”
“Is it true, then,” asked Loki, “that every thing has made an oath to you, and promised not to hurt your son?”
And the queen, not thinking what harm an unguarded word might do, answered, “Every thing has promised, save a little feeble sprig that men call the mistletoe. So small and weak it is, that I knew it could never harm any one; and so I passed it by, and did not ask it to take the oath.”
Then Loki went out of Fensal Hall, and left the Asa-queen at her spinning. And he walked briskly away, and paused not until he came to the eastern side of Valhal, where, on the branches of an old oak, the mistletoe grew. Rudely he tore the plant from its supporting branch, and hid it under his cloak. Then he walked leisurely41 back to the place where the Asa-folk were wont42 to meet in council.
The next day the Asas went out, as usual, to engage in pleasant pastimes on the plains of Ida. When they had tired of leaping and foot-racing and tilting43, they placed Balder before them as a target again; and, as each threw his weapon toward the shining mark, they laughed to see the missile turn aside from its course, and refuse to strike the honored one. But blind Hoder stood sorrowfully away from the others, and did not join in any of their sports. Loki, seeing this, went to him and said,—
“Brother of the gloomy brow, why do you not take part with us in our games?”
“I am blind,” answered Hoder. “I can neither leap, nor run, nor throw the lance.”
“But you can shoot arrows from your bow,” said Loki.
“Alas!” said Hoder, “that I can do only as some one shall direct my aim, for I can see no target.”
“Do you hear that laughter?” asked Loki. “Thor has hurled the straight trunk of a pine-tree at your brother; and, rather than touch such a glorious mark; it has turned aside, and been shivered to pieces upon the rocks over there. It is thus that the Asa-folk, and all things living and lifeless, honor Balder. Hoder is the only one who hangs his head, and fears to do his part. Come, now, let me fit this little arrow in your bow, and then, as I point it, do you shoot. When you hear the gods laugh, you will know that your arrow has shown honor to the hero by refusing to hit him.”
And Hoder, thinking no harm, did as Loki wished. And the deadly arrow sped from the bow, and pierced the heart of shining Balder, and he sank lifeless upon the ground. Then the Asa-folk who saw it were struck speechless with sorrow and dismay; and, had it not been that the Ida plains where they then stood were sacred to peace, they would have seized upon Loki, and put him to death.
Forthwith the world was draped in mourning for Balder the Good; the birds stopped singing, and flew with drooping44 wings to the far South-land; the beasts sought to hide themselves in their lairs45 and in the holes of the ground; the trees shivered and sighed until their leaves fell withered46 to the earth; the flowers closed their eyes, and died; the rivers stopped flowing, and dark and threatening billows veiled the sea; even the sun shrouded47 his face, and withdrew silently towards the south.
When Balder’s good mother heard the sad news, she left her golden spindle in Fensal Hall, and with her maidens48 hastened to the Ida-plains, where the body of her son still lay. Nanna, the faithful wife of Balder, was already there; and wild was her grief at sight of the lifeless loved one. And all the Asa-folk—save guilty Loki, who had fled for his life—stood about them in dumb amazement49. But Odin was the most sorrowful of all; for he knew, that, with Balder, the world had lost its most gladsome life.
They lifted the body, and carried it down to the sea, where the great ship “Ringhorn,” which Balder himself had built, lay ready to be launched. And a great company followed, and stood upon the beach, and bewailed the untimely death of the hero. First came Odin, with his grief-stricken queen, and then his troop of handmaidens, the Valkyrien, followed by his ravens50 Hugin and Munin. Then came Thor in his goat-drawn51 car, and Heimdal on his horse Goldtop; then Frey, in his wagon52, behind the boar Gullinbruste of the golden bristles53. Then Freyja, in her chariot drawn by cats, came weeping tears of gold. Lastly, poor blind Hoder, overcome with grief, was carried thither54 on the back of one of the Frost-giants. And Old AEgir, the Ocean king, raised his dripping head above the water, and gazed with dewy eyes upon the scene; and the waves, as if affrighted, left off their playing, and were still.
High on the deck they built the funeral-pile; and they placed the body upon it, and covered it with costly55 garments, and with woods of the finest scent56; and the noble horse which had been Balder’s they slew, and placed beside him, that he might not have to walk to the halls of Death. And Odin took from his finger the ring Draupner, the earth’s enricher, and laid it on the pile. Then Nanna, the faithful wife, was overcome with grief, and her gentle heart was broken, and she fell lifeless at the feet of the Asa-queen. And they carried her upon the ship, and laid her by her husband’s side.
When all things were in readiness to set fire to the pile, the gods tried to launch the ship; but it was so heavy that they could not move it. So they sent in haste to Jotunheim for the stout57 giantess Hyrroken; and she came with the speed of the whirlwind, and riding on a wolf, which she guided with a bridle58 of writhing59 snakes.
“What will you have me do?” she asked.
“We would have you launch the great ship ‘Ring horn,’” answered Odin.
“That I will do!” roared the grim giantess. And, giving the vessel60 a single push, she sent it sliding with speed into the deep waters of the bay. Then she gave the word to her grisly steed, and she flew onwards and away, no one knew whither.
The “Ringhorn” floated nobly upon the water,—a worthy61 bier for the body which it bore. The fire was set to the funeral-pile, and the red flames shot upwards62 to the sky; but their light was but a flickering63 beam when matched with the sun-bright beauty of Balder, whose body they consumed.
Then the sorrowing folk turned away, and went back to their homes: a cheerless gloom rested heavily where light gladness had ruled before. And, when they reached the high halls of Asgard, the Asa-queen spoke64, and said,—
“Who now, for the love of Balder and his stricken mother, will undertake an errand? Who will go down into the Valley of Death, and seek for Balder, and ransom65 him, and bring him back to Asgard and the mid-world?”
Then Hermod the Nimble, the brother of Balder, answered, “I will go. I will find him, and, with Hela’s leave, will bring him back.”
And he mounted Sleipner, the eight-footed steed, and galloped66 swiftly away. Nine days and nine nights he rode through strange valleys and mountain gorges67, where the sun’s light had never been, and through gloomy darkness and fearful silence, until he came to the black river, and the glittering, golden bridge which crosses it. Over the bridge his strong horse carried him; although it shook and swayed and threatened to throw him into the raging, inky flood below. On the other side a maiden keeps the gate, and Hermod stopped to pay the toll68.
“What is thy name?” she asked.
“My name is Hermod, and I am called the Nimble,” he answered.
“What is thy father’s name?”
“His name is Odin. Mayhap you have heard of him.”
“Why ridest thou with such thunderous speed? Five kingdoms of dead men passed over this bridge yesterday, and it shook not with their weight as it did with thee and thy strange steed. Thou art not of the pale multitude that are wont to pass this gate. What is thy errand? and why ridest thou to the domains69 of the dead?”
“I go to find my brother Balder,” answered Hermod. “It is but a short time since he unwillingly70 came down into these shades.”
“Three days ago,” said the maiden, “Balder passed this way, and by his side rode the faithful Nanna. So bright was his presence, even here, that the whole valley was lighted up as it had never before been lighted. The black river glittered like a gem71; the frowning mountains smiled for once; and Hela herself, the queen of these regions, slunk far away into her most distant halls. But Balder went on his way, and even now he sups with Nanna in the dark castle over yonder.”
Then Hermod rode forward till he came to the castle walls. These were built of black marble; and the iron gate was barred and bolted, and none who went in had ever yet come out. Hermod called loudly to the porter to open the gate and let him in; but no one seemed to hear nor heed72 him, for the words of the living are unknown in that place. Then he drew the saddle-girths more tightly around the horse Sleipner, and urged him forward. High up, the great horse leaped; and he sprang clear over the gates, and landed at the open door of the great hall. Leaving his steed, Hermod went boldly in; and there he found his brother Balder and the faithful Nanna seated at the festal board, and honored as the most worthy of all the guests. With Balder, Hermod staid until the night had passed; and many were the pleasant words they spoke. When morning came, Hermod went into the presence of Hela, and said,—
“O mighty73 queen! I come to ask a boon74 of thee. Balder the Good, whom both gods and men loved, has been sent to dwell with thee here in thy darksome house; and all the world weeps for him, and has donned the garb75 of mourning, and cannot be consoled until his bright light shall shine upon them again. And the gods have sent me, his brother, to ask thee to let Balder ride back with me to Asgard, to his noble, sorrowing mother, the Asa-queen; for then will hope live again in the hearts of men, and happiness will return to the earth.”
The Death-queen was silent for a moment; and then she said in a sad voice, “Hardly can I believe that any being is so greatly loved by things living and lifeless; for surely Balder is not more the friend of earth than I am, and yet men love me not. But go thou back to Asgard; and, if every thing shall weep for Balder, then I will send him to you. But, if any thing shall refuse to weep, then I will keep him in my halls.”
So Hermod made ready to return home; and Balder gave him the ring Draupner to carry to his father as a keepsake; and Nanna sent to the queen-mother a rich carpet of purest green. Then the nimble messenger mounted his horse, and rode swiftly back over the dark river, and through the frowning valleys, until he at last reached Odin’s halls.
When the Asa-folk learned upon what terms they might have Balder again with them, they sent heralds76 all over the world to beseech77 every thing to mourn for him. And men and beasts, and creeping things, and birds and fishes, and trees and stones, and air and water,—all things, living and lifeless, joined in weeping for the lost Balder.
But, as the heralds were on their way back to Asgard, they met a giantess named Thok, and they asked her to join in the universal grief. And she answered, “What good thing did Balder ever do for Thok? What gladness did he ever bring her? If she should weep for him, it would be with dry tears. Let Hela keep him in her halls.”
“And yet the day shall come,” added the story-teller, “when the words of the weird woman to Odin shall prove true; and Balder shall come again to rule over a newborn world in which there shall be no wrong-doing and no more death.”
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1
dwelling
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| n.住宅，住所，寓所 | |
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cedar
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| n.雪松，香柏(木) | |
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groaned
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| v.呻吟( groan的过去式和过去分词 )；发牢骚；抱怨；受苦 | |
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scatter
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| vt.撒，驱散，散开；散布/播；vi.分散，消散 | |
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harp
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| n.竖琴；天琴座 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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wondrous
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| adj.令人惊奇的，奇妙的；adv.惊人地；异乎寻常地；令人惊叹地 | |
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skull
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| n.头骨；颅骨 | |
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shimmering
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| v.闪闪发光，发微光( shimmer的现在分词 ) | |
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dwarfs
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| n.侏儒，矮子（dwarf的复数形式）vt.（使）显得矮小（dwarf的第三人称单数形式） | |
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blustering
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| adj.狂风大作的，狂暴的v.外强中干的威吓( bluster的现在分词 )；咆哮；（风）呼啸；狂吹 | |
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slew
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| v.（使）旋转；n.大量，许多 | |
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dwellers
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| n.居民，居住者( dweller的名词复数 ) | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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blessings
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| n.（上帝的）祝福( blessing的名词复数 )；好事；福分；因祸得福 | |
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frightful
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| adj.可怕的；讨厌的 | |
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dire
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| adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的 | |
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distressed
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| 痛苦的 | |
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distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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gateway
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| n.大门口，出入口，途径，方法 | |
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onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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spun
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| v.纺，杜撰，急转身 | |
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enchantment
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| n.迷惑，妖术，魅力 | |
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weird
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| adj.古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的，神秘而可怕的 | |
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mantle
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| n.斗篷，覆罩之物，罩子；v.罩住，覆盖，脸红 | |
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mead
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| n.蜂蜜酒 | |
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brewed
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| 调制( brew的过去式和过去分词 )； 酝酿； 沏（茶）； 煮（咖啡） | |
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slayer
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| n. 杀人者，凶手 | |
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avenge
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| v.为...复仇，为...报仇 | |
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avenger
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| n. 复仇者 | |
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awaken
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| vi.醒，觉醒；vt.唤醒，使觉醒，唤起，激起 | |
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hew
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| v.砍；伐；削 | |
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hewed
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| v.（用斧、刀等）砍、劈( hew的过去式和过去分词 )；砍成；劈出；开辟 | |
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hurled
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| v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的过去式和过去分词 )；大声叫骂 | |
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bruise
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| n.青肿，挫伤；伤痕；vt.打青；挫伤 | |
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maiden
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linen
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| n.亚麻布，亚麻线，亚麻制品；adj.亚麻布制的，亚麻的 | |
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hurling
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| n.爱尔兰式曲棍球v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的现在分词 )；大声叫骂 | |
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hurls
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| v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的第三人称单数 )；大声叫骂 | |
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smite
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| v.重击；彻底击败；n.打；尝试；一点儿 | |
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leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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tilting
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| 倾斜，倾卸 | |
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drooping
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| adj. 下垂的，无力的 动词droop的现在分词 | |
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lairs
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| n.（野兽的）巢穴，窝( lair的名词复数 )；（人的）藏身处 | |
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46
withered
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| adj. 枯萎的，干瘪的，（人身体的部分器官）因病萎缩的或未发育良好的 动词wither的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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shrouded
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| v.隐瞒( shroud的过去式和过去分词 )；保密 | |
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maidens
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| 处女( maiden的名词复数 )； 少女； 未婚女子； （板球运动）未得分的一轮投球 | |
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amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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ravens
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| n.低质煤；渡鸦( raven的名词复数 ) | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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wagon
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| n.四轮马车，手推车，面包车；无盖运货列车 | |
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bristles
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| 短而硬的毛发，刷子毛( bristle的名词复数 ) | |
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thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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costly
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| adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的 | |
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scent
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| n.气味，香味，香水，线索，嗅觉；v.嗅，发觉 | |
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bridle
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| n.笼头，束缚；vt.抑制，约束；动怒 | |
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writhing
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| （因极度痛苦而）扭动或翻滚( writhe的现在分词 ) | |
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vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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flickering
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| adj.闪烁的，摇曳的，一闪一闪的 | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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ransom
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| n.赎金，赎身；v.赎回，解救 | |
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galloped
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| （使马）飞奔，奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 )； 快速做[说]某事 | |
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gorges
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| n.山峡，峡谷( gorge的名词复数 )；咽喉v.（用食物把自己）塞饱，填饱( gorge的第三人称单数 )；作呕 | |
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toll
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| n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟) | |
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domains
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| n.范围( domain的名词复数 )；领域；版图；地产 | |
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unwillingly
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| adv.不情愿地 | |
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gem
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| n.宝石，珠宝；受爱戴的人 [同]jewel | |
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heed
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| v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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boon
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| n.恩赐，恩物，恩惠 | |
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garb
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| n.服装，装束 | |
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heralds
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| n.使者( herald的名词复数 )；预报者；预兆；传令官v.预示( herald的第三人称单数 )；宣布（好或重要） | |
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beseech
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| v.祈求，恳求 | |
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