Nearly a century has elapsed since the fall of Louisburgh. The great American fortress of Louis XV. surrendered to Amherst, Wolfe, and Boscawen in 1758. A broken sea-wall of cut stone; a vast amphitheatre, inclosed within a succession of green mounds6; a glacis; and some miles of surrounding ditch, yet remain—the relics of a structure for which the treasury7 of France paid Thirty Millions of Livres!
We enter where had been the great gate, and walk up what had been the great avenue. The vision follows undulating billows of green turf that indicate the buried walls of a once powerful military town. Fifteen thousand people were gathered in and about these walls; six thousand troops were locked within this fortress, when the key turned in the stupendous gate.[Pg 103]
A hundred years since, the very air of the spot where we now stand, vibrated with the chime of the church-bells and the roll of the stately organ, or wafted8 to devout10 multitudes the savor11 of holy incense12. Here were congregated13 the soldiers, merchants, artisans of old France; on these high walls paced the solemn sentry14; in these streets the nun15 stole past in her modest hood16; or the romantic damsel pressed her cheek to the latticed window, as the young officer rode by and, martial17 music filled the avenues with its inspiring strains; in yonder bay floated the great war-ships of Louis; and around the shores of this harbor could be counted battery after battery, with scores of guns bristling18 from the embrasures.
The building of this stronghold was a labor19 of twenty-five years. The stone walls rose to the height of thirty-six feet. In those broken arches, studded with stalactites, those casemates, or vaults20 of the citadel21, you still see some evidence of its former strength. You will know the citadel by them, and by the greater height of the mounds which mark the walls that once encompassed22 it. Within these stood the smaller military chapel23. Think of looking down from this point upon those broad avenues, busy with life, a hundred years ago!
Neither roof nor spire24 remain now; nor square[Pg 104] nor street; nor convent, church, or barrack. The green turf covers all: even the foundations of the houses are buried. It is a city without an inhabitant. Dismantled25 cannon26, with the rust27 clinging in great flakes29; scattered30 implements31 of war; broken weapons, bayonets, gun-locks, shot, shell or grenade, unclaimed, untouched, corroded32 and corroding33, in silence and desolation, with no signs of life visible within these once warlike parapets except the peaceful sheep, grazing upon the very brow of the citadel, are the only relics of once powerful Louisburgh.
Let us recall the outlines of its history. In the early part of the last century, just after the death of Louis XIV., these foundations were laid, and the town named in honor of the ruling monarch34. Nova Scotia proper had been ceded35, by recent treaty, to the filibusters36 of Old and New-England, but the ancient Island of Cape37 Breton still owned allegiance to the lilies of France. Among the beautiful and commodious38 harbors that indent39 the southern coast of the island, this one was selected as being most easy of access. Although naturally well adapted for defence, yet its fortification cost the government immense sums of money, insomuch as all the materials for building had to be brought from a distance. Belknap thus describes it: "It was environed,[Pg 105] two miles and a half in circumference40, with a rampart of stone from thirty to thirty-six feet high, and a ditch eighty feet wide, with the exception of a space of two hundred yards near the sea, which was inclosed by a dyke41 and a line of pickets42. The water in this place was shallow, and numerous reefs rendered it inaccessible43 to shipping44, while it received an additional protection from the side-fire of the bastions. There were six-bastions and eight batteries, containing embrasures for one hundred and forty-eight cannon, of which forty-five only were mounted, and eight mortars45. On an island at the entrance of the harbor was planted a battery of thirty cannon, carrying twenty-eight pound shot; and at the bottom of the harbor was a grand, or royal battery, of twenty-eight cannon, forty-two pounders, and two eighteen-pounders. On a high cliff, opposite to the island-battery, stood a light house, and within this point, at the north-east part of the harbor, was a careening wharf46, secure from all winds, and a magazine of naval47 stores. The town was regularly laid out in squares; the streets were broad and commodious, and the houses, which were built partly of wood upon stone foundations, and partly of more durable48 materials, corresponded with the general appearance of the place. In the centre of one of the chief bastions was a stone building, with[Pg 106] a moat on the side near the town, which was called the citadel, though it had neither artillery49 nor a structure suitable to receive any. Within this building were the apartments of the governor, the barracks for the soldiers, and the arsenal50; and, under the platform of the redoubt, a magazine well furnished with military stores. The parish church, also, stood within the citadel, and without was another, belonging to the hospital of St. Jean de Dieu, which was an elegant and spacious51 structure. The entrance to the town was over a drawbridge, near which was a circular battery, mounting sixteen guns of fourteen-pound shot."
This cannon-studded harbor was the naval dép?t of France in America, the nucleus52 of its military power, the protector of its fisheries, the key of the gulf53 of St. Lawrence, the Sebastopol of the New World. For a quarter of a century it had been gathering54 strength by slow degrees: Acadia, poor inoffensive Acadia, from time to time, had been the prey55 of its rapacious56 neighbors; but Louisburgh had grown amid its protecting batteries, until Massachusetts felt that it was time for the armies of Gad57 to go forth58 and purge59 the threshing-floor with such ecclesiastical iron fans as they were wont60 to waft9 peace and good will with, wherever there was a fine opening for profit and edification.[Pg 107]
The first expedition against Louisburgh was only justifiable61 upon the ground that the wants of New England for additional territory were pressing, and immediate62 action, under the circumstances, indispensable. Levies63 of colonial troops were made, both in and out of the territories of the saints. The forces, however, actually employed, came from Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Hampshire; the first supplying three thousand two hundred, the second five hundred, the third three hundred men. The co?peration of Commodore Warren, of the English West-Indian fleet, was solicited64; but the Commodore declined, on the ground "that the expedition was wholly a provincial65 affair, undertaken without the assent66, and probably without the knowledge, of the ministry67." But Governor Shirley was not a man to stop at trifles. He had a heart of lignum vit?, a rigid68 anti-papistical conscience, beetle69 brows, and an eye to the cod70-fisheries. Higher authority than international law was pressed into the service. George Whitefield, then an itinerant71 preacher in New-England, furnished the necessary warrant for the expedition, by giving a motto for its banner: "Nil72 desperandum Christo duce"—Nothing is to be despaired of with Christ for leader. The command was, however, given to William Pepperel, a fish and shingle73 merchant[Pg 108] of Maine. One of the chaplains of the filibusters carried a hatchet74 specially75 sharpened, to hew76 down the wooden images in the churches of Louisburgh. Everything that was needed to encourage and cheer the saints, was provided by Governor Shirley, especially a goodly store of New England rum, and the Rev. Samuel Moody, the lengthiest77 preacher in the colonies. Louisburgh, at that time feebly garrisoned79, held out bravely in spite of the formidable array concentrated against it. In vain the Rev. Samuel Moody preached to its high stone walls; in vain the iconoclast80 chaplain brandished81 his ecclesiastical hatchet; in vain Whitefield's banner flaunted82 to the wind. The fortress held out against shot and shell, saint, flag and sermon. New England ingenuity83 finally circumvented84 Louisburgh. Humiliating as the confession85 is, it must be admitted that our pious86 forefathers87 did actually abandon "Christo duce," and used instead a little worldly artifice88.
Commodore Warren, who had declined taking a part in the siege of Louisburgh, on account of the regulations of the service, had received, after the departure of the expedition, instructions to keep a look-out for the interests of his majesty89 in North America, which of course could be readily interpreted, by an experienced officer in his majesty's[Pg 109] service, to mean precisely90 what was meant to be meant. As a consequence, Commodore Warren was speedily on the look-out, off the coast of Cape Breton, and in the course of events fell in with, and captured, the "Vigilant91," seventy-four, commanded by Captain Stronghouse, or, as his title runs, "the Marquis de la Maison Forte92." The "Vigilant" was a store-ship, filled with munitions93 of war for the French town. Here was a glorious opportunity. If the saints could only intimate to Duchambon, the Governor of Louisburgh, that his supplies had been cut off, Duchambon might think of capitulation. But unfortunately the French were prejudiced against the saints, and would not believe them under oath. But when probity94 fails, a little ingenuity and artifice will do quite as well. The chief of the expedition was equal to the emergency. He took the Marquis of Stronghouse to the different ships on the station, where the French prisoners were confined, and showed him that they were treated with great civility; then he represented to the Marquis that the New England prisoners were cruelly dealt with in the fortress of Louisburgh; and requested him to write a letter, in the name of humanity, to Duchambon, Governor, in behalf of those suffering saints; "expressing his approbation95 of the conduct of the English, and entreating96 similar[Pg 110] usuage for those whom the fortune of war had thrown in his hands." The Marquis wrote the letter; thus it begins: "On board the 'Vigilant,' where I am a prisoner, before Louisburgh, June thirteen, 1745." The rest of the letter is unimportant. The confession of Captain Stronghouse, that he was a prisoner, was the point; and the consequences thereof, which had been foreseen by the filibustering97 besiegers, speedily followed. In three days Louisburgh capitulated.
Then the Rev. Samuel Moody greatly distinguished98 himself. He was a painful preacher; the most untiring, persevering99, long-winded, clamorous100, pertinacious101 vessel102 at craving103 a blessing104, in the provinces. There was a great feast in honor of the occasion. But more formidable than the siege itself, was the anticipated "grace" of Brother Moody. New England held its breath when he began, and thus the Reverend Samuel: "Good Lord, we have so many things to thank Thee for, that time will be infinitely105 too short to do it; we must therefore leave it for the work of eternity106."
Upon this there was great rejoicing, yea, more than there had been upon the capture of the French stronghold. Who shall say whether Brother Moody's brevity may not stretch farther across the[Pg 111] intervals107 of time than the longest preaching ever preached by mortal preacher?
In three years after its capture, Louisburgh was restored to the French by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Ten years after its restoration, a heavier armament, a greater fleet, a more numerous army, besieged108 its almost impregnable walls. Under Amherst, Boscawen, and Wolfe, no less than twenty-three ships of war, eighteen frigates109, sixteen thousand land forces, with a proportionable train of cannon and mortars, were arrayed against this great fortress in the year 1758. Here, too, many of our own ancestral warriors110 were gathered in that memorable111 conflict; here Gridley, who afterwards planned the redoubt at Bunker Hill, won his first laurels112 as an engineer; here Pomeroy distinguished himself, and others whose names are not recorded, but whose deeds survive in the history of a republic. The very drum that beat to arms before Louisburgh was braced113 again when the greater drama of the Revolution opened at Concord114 and Lexington.
The siege continued for nearly two months. From June 8th until July 26th, the storm of iron and fire—of rocket, shot, and shell—swept from yonder batteries, upon the castellated city. Then when the King's, the Queen's, the Dauphin's bastions were lying in ruins, the commander, Le Cheva[Pg 112]lier de Drucour, capitulated, and the lilies of the Bourbon waved over Louisburgh no more.
And here we stand nearly a century after, looking out from these war-works upon the desolate115 harbor. At the entrance, the wrecks116 of three French frigates, sunk to prevent the ingress of the British fleet, yet remain; sometimes visited by our still enterprising countrymen, who come down in coasters with diving-bell and windlass, to raise again from the deep, imbedded in sea-shells, the great guns that have slept in the ooze117 so long. Between those two points lay the ships of the line, and frigates of Louis; opposite, where the parapets of stone are yet visible, was the grand battery of forty guns: at Lighthouse Point yonder, two thousand grenadiers, under General Wolfe, drove back the French artillerymen, and tamed their cannon upon these mighty118 walls. Here the great seventy-four blew up; there the English boats were sunk by the guns of the fortress; day and night for many weeks this ground has shuddered119 with the thunders of the cannonade.
And what of all this? we may ask. What of the ships that were sunk, and those that floated away with the booty? What of the soldiers that fell by hundreds here, and those that lived? What of the prisoners that mourned, and the captors that[Pg 113] triumphed? What of the flash of artillery, and the shattered wall that answered it? Has any benefit resulted to mankind from this brilliant achievement? Can any man, of any nation, stand here and say: "This work was wrought120 to my profit?" Can any man draw such a breath here amid these buried walls, as he can upon the humblest sod that ever was wet with the blood of patriotism122? I trow not.
A second time in possession of this stronghold, England had not the means to maintain her conquest; the fortification was too large for any but a powerful garrison78. A hundred war-ships had congregated in that harbor: frigates, seventy-fours, transports, sloops123, under the Fleur-de-lis. Although Louisburgh was the pivot-point of the French possessions, yet it was but an outside harbor for the colonies. So the order went forth to destroy the town that had been reared with so much cost, and captured with so much sacrifice. And it took two solid years of gunpowder124 to blow up these immense walls, upon which we now sadly stand, O gentle reader! Turf, turf, turf covers all! The gloomiest spectacle the sight of man can dwell upon is the desolate, but once populous125, abode126 of humanity. Egypt itself is cheerful compared with Louisburgh!
"It rains," said Picton.[Pg 114]
It had rained all the morning; but what did that matter when a hundred years since was in one's mind? Picton, in his mackintosh, was an impervious127 representative of the nineteenth century; but I was as fully128 saturated129 with water as if I were living in the place under the old French régime.
"Let us go down," said Picton, "and see the jolly old fishermen outside the walls. What is the use of staying here in the rain after you have seen all that can be seen? Come along. Just think how serene130 it will be if we can get some milk and potatoes down there."
There are about a dozen fishermen's huts on the beach outside the walls of the old town of Louisburgh. When you enter one it reminds you of the descriptive play-bill of the melo-drama—"Scene II.: Interior of a Fisherman's Cottage on the Sea-shore: Ocean in the Distance." The walls are built of heavy timbers, laid one upon another, and caulked131 with moss132 or oakum. Overhead are square beams, with pegs133 for nets, poles, guns, boots, the heterogeneous134 and picturesque135 tackle with which such ceilings are usually ornamented136. But oh! how clean everything is! The knots are fairly scrubbed out of the floor-planks, the hearth137-bricks red as cherries, the dresser-shelves worn thin with soap and sand,[Pg 115] and white as the sand with which they have been scoured138. I never saw drawing-room that could compare with the purity of that interior. It was cleanliness itself; but I saw many such before I left Louisburgh, in both the old town and the new.
We sat down in the "hutch," as they call it, before a cheery wood-fire, and soon forgot all about the outside rain. But if we had shut out the rain, we had not shut out the neighboring Atlantic. That was near enough; the thunderous surf, whirling, pouring, breaking against the rocky shore and islands, was sounding in our ears, and we could see the great white masses of foam139 lifted against the sky from the window of the hutch, as we sat before the warm fire.
"You was lucky to get in last night," said the master of the hutch, an old, weather-beaten fisherman.
"Yes," replied Picton, surveying the grey head before him with as much complacency as he would a turnip140; "and a serene old place it is when we get in."
To this the weather-beaten replied by winking141 twice with both eyes.
"Rather a dangerous coast," continued Picton, stretching out one thigh142 before the fire. "I say,[Pg 116] don't you fishermen often lose your lives out there?" and he pointed143 to the mouth of the harbor.
"There was only two lives lost in seventy years," replied the old man (this remarkable144 fact was confirmed by many persons of whom we asked the same question during our visit), "and one of them was a young man, a stranger here, who was capsized in a boat as he was going out to a vessel in the harbor."
"You are speaking now of lives lost in the fisheries," said Picton, "not in the coasting trade."
"Oh!" replied the old man, shaking his head, "the coasting trade is different; there is a many lives lost in that. Last year I had a brother as sailed out of this in a shallop, on the same day as yon vessel," pointing to the Balaklava; "he went out in company with your captain; he was going to his wedding, he thought, poor fellow, for he was to bring a young wife home with him from Halifax, but he got caught in a storm off Canseau, and we never heard of the shallop again. He was my youngest brother, gentlemen."
It was strange to be seated in that old cottage, listening to so dreary145 a story, and watching the storm outside. There was a wonderful fascination146 in it, nevertheless, and I was not a little loth to[Pg 117] leave the bright hearth when the sailors from the schooner147 came for us and carried us on board again to dinner.
The storm continued; but Picton and I found plenty to do that day. Equipped with oil-skin pea-jackets and sou'-westers, with a couple of fish-pughs, or poles, pointed with iron, we started on a cruise after lobsters149, in a sort of flat-bottomed skiff, peculiar150 to the place, called a dingledekooch. And although we did not catch one lobster148, yet we did not lose sight of many interesting particulars that were scattered around the harbor. And first of the fisheries. All the people here are directly or indirectly151 engaged in this business, and to this they devote themselves entirely152; farming being scarcely thought of. I doubt whether there is a plough in the place; certainly there was not a horse, in either the old or new town, or a vehicle of any kind, as we found out betimes.
The fishing here, as in all other places along the coast, is carried on in small, clinker-built boats, sharp at both ends, and carrying two sails. It is marvellous with what dexterity153 these boats are handled; they are out in all weathers, and at all times, night or day, as it happens, and although sometimes loaded to the gunwale with fish, yet they encounter the roughest gales154, and ride out[Pg 118] storms in safety, that would be perilous155 to the largest vessels156.
"I can carry all sail," said one old fellow, "when the captain there would have to take in every rag on the schooner."
And such, too, was the fact. These boats usually sail a few miles from the shore, rarely beyond twelve; the fish are taken with hand-lines generally, but sometimes a set line with buoys157 and anchors is used. The fish, are cured on flakes, or high platforms, raised upon poles from the beach, so that one end of the staging is over the water. The cod are thrown up from the boat to the flake28 by means of the fish-pugh—a sort of one-pronged, piscatory pitchfork—and cleaned, salted, and cured there; then spread out to dry on the flake, or on the beach, and packed for market. Nothing can be neater and cleaner than the whole system of curing the fish! popular opinion to the contrary notwithstanding. The fishermen of Louisburgh are a happy, contented158, kind, and simple people. Living, as they do, far from the jarring interests of the busy world, having a common revenue, for the ocean supplies each and all alike; pursuing an occupation which is constant discipline for body and soul; brave, sincere, and hospitable159 by nature, for all of these virtues160 are inseparable from their relations to each[Pg 119] other; one can scarcely be with them, no matter how brief the visit, without feeling a kindred sympathy; without having a vague thought of "sometime I may be only too glad to escape from the world and accept this humble121 happiness instead;" without a dreamy idea of "Perhaps this, after all, is the real Arcadia!"
While I was indulging in these reflections, it was amusing to see Picton at work! The heads and entrails of the cod-fish, thrown from the "flakes" into the water, attract thousands of the baser tribes, such as sculpins, flounders, and toad-fish, who feed themselves fat upon the offals, and enjoy a peaceful life under the clear waters of the harbor. As the dingledekooch floated silently over them, they lay perfectly161 quiet and unsuspicious of danger, although within a few feet of the fatal fish-pugh, and in an element almost as transparent162 as air. Lobster, during the storm, had gone off to other grounds; but here were great flat flounders and sculpin, within reach of the indefatigable163 Picton. Down went the fish-pugh and up came the game! The bottom of the skiff was soon covered with the spearings of the traveller. Great flounders, those sub-marine buckwheat cakes; sculpins, bloated with rage and wind, like patriots164 out of office; toad-fish, savage165 and vindictive166 as Irishmen in a riot. Down went the fish-[Pg 120]pugh! It was rare sport, and no person could have enjoyed it more than Picton—except perhaps some of the veteran fishermen of Louisburgh, who were gathered on the beach watching the doings in the dingledekooch.
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1
fortress
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| n.堡垒，防御工事 | |
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relics
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| [pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸 | |
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ruse
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| n.诡计，计策；诡计 | |
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rev
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| v.发动机旋转，加快速度 | |
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moody
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| adj.心情不稳的，易怒的，喜怒无常的 | |
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mounds
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| 土堆，土丘( mound的名词复数 )； 一大堆 | |
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treasury
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| n.宝库；国库，金库；文库 | |
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8
wafted
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| v.吹送，飘送，（使）浮动( waft的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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waft
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| v.飘浮，飘荡；n.一股；一阵微风；飘荡 | |
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10
devout
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| adj.虔诚的，虔敬的，衷心的 (n.devoutness) | |
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savor
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| vt.品尝，欣赏；n.味道，风味；情趣，趣味 | |
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12
incense
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| v.激怒；n.香，焚香时的烟，香气 | |
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13
congregated
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| （使）集合，聚集( congregate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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sentry
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| n.哨兵，警卫 | |
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nun
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| n.修女，尼姑 | |
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hood
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| n.头巾，兜帽，覆盖；v.罩上，以头巾覆盖 | |
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martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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bristling
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| a.竖立的 | |
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labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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vaults
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| n.拱顶( vault的名词复数 )；地下室；撑物跳高；墓穴 | |
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citadel
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| n.城堡；堡垒；避难所 | |
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encompassed
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| v.围绕( encompass的过去式和过去分词 )；包围；包含；包括 | |
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chapel
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| n.小教堂，殡仪馆 | |
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spire
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| n.(教堂)尖顶，尖塔，高点 | |
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dismantled
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| 拆开( dismantle的过去式和过去分词 )； 拆卸； 废除； 取消 | |
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cannon
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| n.大炮，火炮；飞机上的机关炮 | |
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rust
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| n.锈；v.生锈；(脑子)衰退 | |
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flake
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| v.使成薄片；雪片般落下；n.薄片 | |
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flakes
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| 小薄片( flake的名词复数 )； （尤指）碎片； 雪花； 古怪的人 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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implements
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| n.工具( implement的名词复数 )；家具；手段；[法律]履行（契约等）v.实现( implement的第三人称单数 )；执行；贯彻；使生效 | |
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corroded
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| 已被腐蚀的 | |
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corroding
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| 使腐蚀，侵蚀( corrode的现在分词 ) | |
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monarch
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| n.帝王，君主，最高统治者 | |
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ceded
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| v.让给，割让，放弃( cede的过去式 ) | |
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filibusters
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| n.掠夺兵( filibuster的名词复数 )；暴兵；（用冗长的发言）阻挠议事的议员；会议妨碍行为v.阻碍或延宕国会或其他立法机构通过提案( filibuster的第三人称单数 )；掠夺 | |
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cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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commodious
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| adj.宽敞的；使用方便的 | |
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indent
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| n.订单，委托采购，国外商品订货单，代购订单 | |
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40
circumference
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| n.圆周，周长，圆周线 | |
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41
dyke
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| n.堤，水坝，排水沟 | |
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42
pickets
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| 罢工纠察员( picket的名词复数 ) | |
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43
inaccessible
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| adj.达不到的，难接近的 | |
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44
shipping
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| n.船运（发货，运输，乘船） | |
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45
mortars
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| n.迫击炮( mortar的名词复数 )；砂浆；房产；研钵 | |
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46
wharf
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| n.码头，停泊处 | |
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47
naval
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| adj.海军的，军舰的，船的 | |
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48
durable
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| adj.持久的，耐久的 | |
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49
artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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50
arsenal
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| n.兵工厂，军械库 | |
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51
spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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52
nucleus
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| n.核，核心，原子核 | |
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53
gulf
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| n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂 | |
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54
gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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55
prey
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|
| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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56
rapacious
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| adj.贪婪的，强夺的 | |
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57
gad
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| n.闲逛；v.闲逛 | |
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58
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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59
purge
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|
| n.整肃，清除，泻药，净化；vt.净化，清除，摆脱；vi.清除，通便，腹泻，变得清洁 | |
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60
wont
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|
| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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61
justifiable
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| adj.有理由的，无可非议的 | |
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62
immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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63
levies
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| （部队）征兵( levy的名词复数 )； 募捐； 被征募的军队 | |
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64
solicited
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| v.恳求( solicit的过去式和过去分词 )；（指娼妇）拉客；索求；征求 | |
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65
provincial
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| adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人 | |
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66
assent
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| v.批准，认可；n.批准，认可 | |
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67
ministry
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| n.(政府的)部；牧师 | |
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68
rigid
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|
| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
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69
beetle
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|
| n.甲虫，近视眼的人 | |
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70
cod
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|
| n.鳕鱼；v.愚弄；哄骗 | |
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71
itinerant
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|
| adj.巡回的；流动的 | |
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72
nil
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| n.无，全无，零 | |
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73
shingle
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|
| n.木瓦板；小招牌(尤指医生或律师挂的营业招牌)；v.用木瓦板盖（屋顶）；把（女子头发）剪短 | |
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74
hatchet
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|
| n.短柄小斧；v.扼杀 | |
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75
specially
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|
| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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76
hew
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| v.砍；伐；削 | |
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77
lengthiest
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|
| adj.长的，漫长的，啰嗦的( lengthy的最高级 ) | |
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78
garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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79
garrisoned
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|
| 卫戍部队守备( garrison的过去式和过去分词 )； 派部队驻防 | |
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80
iconoclast
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|
| n.反对崇拜偶像者 | |
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81
brandished
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| v.挥舞( brandish的过去式和过去分词 )；炫耀 | |
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82
flaunted
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| v.炫耀，夸耀( flaunt的过去式和过去分词 )；有什么能耐就施展出来 | |
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83
ingenuity
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|
| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
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84
circumvented
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|
| v.设法克服或避免（某事物），回避( circumvent的过去式和过去分词 )；绕过，绕行，绕道旅行 | |
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85
confession
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| n.自白，供认，承认 | |
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86
pious
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|
| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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87
forefathers
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|
| n.祖先，先人；祖先，祖宗( forefather的名词复数 )；列祖列宗；前人 | |
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88
artifice
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|
| n.妙计，高明的手段；狡诈，诡计 | |
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89
majesty
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|
| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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90
precisely
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|
| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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91
vigilant
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|
| adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的 | |
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92
forte
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|
| n.长处，擅长；adj.(音乐)强音的 | |
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93
munitions
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|
| n.军火，弹药；v.供应…军需品 | |
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94
probity
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|
| n.刚直；廉洁，正直 | |
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95
approbation
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|
| n.称赞；认可 | |
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96
entreating
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|
| 恳求，乞求( entreat的现在分词 ) | |
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97
filibustering
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|
| v.阻碍或延宕国会或其他立法机构通过提案( filibuster的现在分词 )；掠夺 | |
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98
distinguished
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|
| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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99
persevering
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| a.坚忍不拔的 | |
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100
clamorous
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|
| adj.吵闹的，喧哗的 | |
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101
pertinacious
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| adj.顽固的 | |
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102
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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103
craving
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| n.渴望,热望 | |
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104
blessing
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|
| n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿 | |
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105
infinitely
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|
| adv.无限地，无穷地 | |
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106
eternity
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|
| n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷 | |
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107
intervals
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|
| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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108
besieged
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| 包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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109
frigates
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|
| n.快速军舰( frigate的名词复数 ) | |
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110
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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111
memorable
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|
| adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的 | |
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112
laurels
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| n.桂冠，荣誉 | |
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113
braced
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|
| adj.拉牢的v.支住( brace的过去式和过去分词 )；撑牢；使自己站稳；振作起来 | |
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114
concord
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|
| n.和谐；协调 | |
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115
desolate
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|
| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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116
wrecks
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| n.沉船( wreck的名词复数 )；（事故中）遭严重毁坏的汽车（或飞机等）；（身体或精神上）受到严重损伤的人；状况非常糟糕的车辆（或建筑物等）v.毁坏[毁灭]某物( wreck的第三人称单数 )；使（船舶）失事，使遇难，使下沉 | |
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117
ooze
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|
| n.软泥，渗出物；vi.渗出，泄漏；vt.慢慢渗出，流露 | |
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118
mighty
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|
| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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119
shuddered
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|
| v.战栗( shudder的过去式和过去分词 )；发抖；（机器、车辆等）突然震动；颤动 | |
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120
wrought
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|
| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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121
humble
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|
| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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122
patriotism
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|
| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
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123
sloops
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| n.单桅纵帆船( sloop的名词复数 ) | |
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124
gunpowder
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| n.火药 | |
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125
populous
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|
| adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的 | |
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126
abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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127
impervious
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|
| adj.不能渗透的，不能穿过的，不易伤害的 | |
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128
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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129
saturated
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| a.饱和的，充满的 | |
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130
serene
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| adj. 安详的，宁静的，平静的 | |
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131
caulked
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|
| v.堵（船的）缝( caulk的过去式和过去分词 )；泥…的缝；填塞；使不漏水 | |
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132
moss
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| n.苔，藓，地衣 | |
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133
pegs
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| n.衣夹( peg的名词复数 )；挂钉；系帐篷的桩；弦钮v.用夹子或钉子固定( peg的第三人称单数 )；使固定在某水平 | |
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134
heterogeneous
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| adj.庞杂的；异类的 | |
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135
picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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136
ornamented
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|
| adj.花式字体的v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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137
hearth
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| n.壁炉炉床，壁炉地面 | |
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138
scoured
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|
| 走遍（某地）搜寻（人或物）( scour的过去式和过去分词 )； （用力）刷； 擦净； 擦亮 | |
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139
foam
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|
| v./n.泡沫，起泡沫 | |
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140
turnip
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|
| n.萝卜，芜菁 | |
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141
winking
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|
| n.瞬眼，目语v.使眼色( wink的现在分词 )；递眼色（表示友好或高兴等）；（指光）闪烁；闪亮 | |
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142
thigh
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| n.大腿；股骨 | |
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143
pointed
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|
| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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144
remarkable
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|
| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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145
dreary
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| adj.令人沮丧的，沉闷的，单调乏味的 | |
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146
fascination
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| n.令人着迷的事物，魅力，迷恋 | |
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147
schooner
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| n.纵帆船 | |
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148
lobster
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| n.龙虾，龙虾肉 | |
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149
lobsters
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| 龙虾( lobster的名词复数 )； 龙虾肉 | |
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150
peculiar
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|
| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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151
indirectly
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| adv.间接地，不直接了当地 | |
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152
entirely
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|
| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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153
dexterity
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| n.(手的)灵巧，灵活 | |
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154
gales
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| 龙猫 | |
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155
perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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156
vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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157
buoys
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| n.浮标( buoy的名词复数 )；航标；救生圈；救生衣v.使浮起( buoy的第三人称单数 )；支持；为…设浮标；振奋…的精神 | |
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158
contented
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|
| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
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159
hospitable
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|
| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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160
virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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161
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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162
transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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163
indefatigable
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| adj.不知疲倦的，不屈不挠的 | |
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164
patriots
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| 爱国者，爱国主义者( patriot的名词复数 ) | |
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165
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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vindictive
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| adj.有报仇心的，怀恨的，惩罚的 | |
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