"Speak English?"
"No; Lit-uanian." (Jurgis had studied this word carefully.)
"Job?"
"Je." (A nod.)
"Worked here before?"
"No 'stand."
(Signals and gesticulations on the part of the boss. Vigorous shakes of the head by Jurgis.)
"Shovel4 guts5?"
"No 'stand." (More shakes of the head.)
"Zarnos. Pagaiksztis. Szluofa!" (Imitative motions.)
"Je."
"See door. Durys?" (Pointing.)
"Je."
"To-morrow, seven o'clock. Understand? Rytoj! Prieszpietys! Septyni!"
"Dekui, tamistai!" (Thank you, sir.) And that was all. Jurgis turned away, and then in a sudden rush the full realization7 of his triumph swept over him, and he gave a yell and a jump, and started off on a run. He had a job! He had a job! And he went all the way home as if upon wings, and burst into the house like a cyclone8, to the rage of the numerous lodgers9 who had just turned in for their daily sleep.
Meantime Jokubas had been to see his friend the policeman, and received encouragement, so it was a happy party. There being no more to be done that day, the shop was left under the care of Lucija, and her husband sallied forth10 to show his friends the sights of Packingtown. Jokubas did this with the air of a country gentleman escorting a party of visitors over his estate; he was an old-time resident, and all these wonders had grown up under his eyes, and he had a personal pride in them. The packers might own the land, but he claimed the landscape, and there was no one to say nay11 to this.
They passed down the busy street that led to the yards. It was still early morning, and everything was at its high tide of activity. A steady stream of employees was pouring through the gate—employees of the higher sort, at this hour, clerks and stenographers and such. For the women there were waiting big two-horse wagons12, which set off at a gallop13 as fast as they were filled. In the distance there was heard again the lowing of the cattle, a sound as of a far-off ocean calling. They followed it, this time, as eager as children in sight of a circus menagerie—which, indeed, the scene a good deal resembled. They crossed the railroad tracks, and then on each side of the street were the pens full of cattle; they would have stopped to look, but Jokubas hurried them on, to where there was a stairway and a raised gallery, from which everything could be seen. Here they stood, staring, breathless with wonder.
There is over a square mile of space in the yards, and more than half of it is occupied by cattle pens; north and south as far as the eye can reach there stretches a sea of pens. And they were all filled—so many cattle no one had ever dreamed existed in the world. Red cattle, black, white, and yellow cattle; old cattle and young cattle; great bellowing14 bulls and little calves15 not an hour born; meek-eyed milch cows and fierce, long-horned Texas steers16. The sound of them here was as of all the barnyards of the universe; and as for counting them—it would have taken all day simply to count the pens. Here and there ran long alleys17, blocked at intervals18 by gates; and Jokubas told them that the number of these gates was twenty-five thousand. Jokubas had recently been reading a newspaper article which was full of statistics such as that, and he was very proud as he repeated them and made his guests cry out with wonder. Jurgis too had a little of this sense of pride. Had he not just gotten a job, and become a sharer in all this activity, a cog in this marvelous machine? Here and there about the alleys galloped19 men upon horseback, booted, and carrying long whips; they were very busy, calling to each other, and to those who were driving the cattle. They were drovers and stock raisers, who had come from far states, and brokers20 and commission merchants, and buyers for all the big packing houses.
Here and there they would stop to inspect a bunch of cattle, and there would be a parley21, brief and businesslike. The buyer would nod or drop his whip, and that would mean a bargain; and he would note it in his little book, along with hundreds of others he had made that morning. Then Jokubas pointed22 out the place where the cattle were driven to be weighed, upon a great scale that would weigh a hundred thousand pounds at once and record it automatically. It was near to the east entrance that they stood, and all along this east side of the yards ran the railroad tracks, into which the cars were run, loaded with cattle. All night long this had been going on, and now the pens were full; by tonight they would all be empty, and the same thing would be done again.
"And what will become of all these creatures?" cried Teta Elzbieta.
"By tonight," Jokubas answered, "they will all be killed and cut up; and over there on the other side of the packing houses are more railroad tracks, where the cars come to take them away."
There were two hundred and fifty miles of track within the yards, their guide went on to tell them. They brought about ten thousand head of cattle every day, and as many hogs24, and half as many sheep—which meant some eight or ten million live creatures turned into food every year. One stood and watched, and little by little caught the drift of the tide, as it set in the direction of the packing houses. There were groups of cattle being driven to the chutes, which were roadways about fifteen feet wide, raised high above the pens. In these chutes the stream of animals was continuous; it was quite uncanny to watch them, pressing on to their fate, all unsuspicious a very river of death. Our friends were not poetical25, and the sight suggested to them no metaphors26 of human destiny; they thought only of the wonderful efficiency of it all. The chutes into which the hogs went climbed high up—to the very top of the distant buildings; and Jokubas explained that the hogs went up by the power of their own legs, and then their weight carried them back through all the processes necessary to make them into pork.
"They don't waste anything here," said the guide, and then he laughed and added a witticism27, which he was pleased that his unsophisticated friends should take to be his own: "They use everything about the hog23 except the squeal28." In front of Brown's General Office building there grows a tiny plot of grass, and this, you may learn, is the only bit of green thing in Packingtown; likewise this jest about the hog and his squeal, the stock in trade of all the guides, is the one gleam of humor that you will find there.
After they had seen enough of the pens, the party went up the street, to the mass of buildings which occupy the center of the yards. These buildings, made of brick and stained with innumerable layers of Packingtown smoke, were painted all over with advertising29 signs, from which the visitor realized suddenly that he had come to the home of many of the torments30 of his life. It was here that they made those products with the wonders of which they pestered31 him so—by placards that defaced the landscape when he traveled, and by staring advertisements in the newspapers and magazines—by silly little jingles32 that he could not get out of his mind, and gaudy33 pictures that lurked34 for him around every street corner. Here was where they made Brown's Imperial Hams and Bacon, Brown's Dressed Beef, Brown's Excelsior Sausages! Here was the headquarters of Durham's Pure Leaf Lard, of Durham's Breakfast Bacon, Durham's Canned Beef, Potted Ham, Deviled Chicken, Peerless Fertilizer!
Entering one of the Durham buildings, they found a number of other visitors waiting; and before long there came a guide, to escort them through the place. They make a great feature of showing strangers through the packing plants, for it is a good advertisement. But Ponas Jokubas whispered maliciously35 that the visitors did not see any more than the packers wanted them to. They climbed a long series of stairways outside of the building, to the top of its five or six stories. Here was the chute, with its river of hogs, all patiently toiling36 upward; there was a place for them to rest to cool off, and then through another passageway they went into a room from which there is no returning for hogs.
It was a long, narrow room, with a gallery along it for visitors. At the head there was a great iron wheel, about twenty feet in circumference37, with rings here and there along its edge. Upon both sides of this wheel there was a narrow space, into which came the hogs at the end of their journey; in the midst of them stood a great burly Negro, bare-armed and bare-chested. He was resting for the moment, for the wheel had stopped while men were cleaning up. In a minute or two, however, it began slowly to revolve38, and then the men upon each side of it sprang to work. They had chains which they fastened about the leg of the nearest hog, and the other end of the chain they hooked into one of the rings upon the wheel. So, as the wheel turned, a hog was suddenly jerked off his feet and borne aloft.
At the same instant the car was assailed39 by a most terrifying shriek40; the visitors started in alarm, the women turned pale and shrank back. The shriek was followed by another, louder and yet more agonizing—for once started upon that journey, the hog never came back; at the top of the wheel he was shunted off upon a trolley41, and went sailing down the room. And meantime another was swung up, and then another, and another, until there was a double line of them, each dangling42 by a foot and kicking in frenzy—and squealing43. The uproar44 was appalling45, perilous46 to the eardrums; one feared there was too much sound for the room to hold—that the walls must give way or the ceiling crack. There were high squeals47 and low squeals, grunts48, and wails49 of agony; there would come a momentary50 lull51, and then a fresh outburst, louder than ever, surging up to a deafening52 climax53. It was too much for some of the visitors—the men would look at each other, laughing nervously54, and the women would stand with hands clenched55, and the blood rushing to their faces, and the tears starting in their eyes.
Meantime, heedless of all these things, the men upon the floor were going about their work. Neither squeals of hogs nor tears of visitors made any difference to them; one by one they hooked up the hogs, and one by one with a swift stroke they slit56 their throats. There was a long line of hogs, with squeals and lifeblood ebbing57 away together; until at last each started again, and vanished with a splash into a huge vat58 of boiling water.
It was all so very businesslike that one watched it fascinated. It was porkmaking by machinery59, porkmaking by applied60 mathematics. And yet somehow the most matter-of-fact person could not help thinking of the hogs; they were so innocent, they came so very trustingly; and they were so very human in their protests—and so perfectly61 within their rights! They had done nothing to deserve it; and it was adding insult to injury, as the thing was done here, swinging them up in this cold-blooded, impersonal62 way, without a pretense63 of apology, without the homage64 of a tear. Now and then a visitor wept, to be sure; but this slaughtering65 machine ran on, visitors or no visitors. It was like some horrible crime committed in a dungeon66, all unseen and unheeded, buried out of sight and of memory.
One could not stand and watch very long without becoming philosophical67, without beginning to deal in symbols and similes68, and to hear the hog squeal of the universe. Was it permitted to believe that there was nowhere upon the earth, or above the earth, a heaven for hogs, where they were requited69 for all this suffering? Each one of these hogs was a separate creature. Some were white hogs, some were black; some were brown, some were spotted70; some were old, some young; some were long and lean, some were monstrous71. And each of them had an individuality of his own, a will of his own, a hope and a heart's desire; each was full of self-confidence, of self-importance, and a sense of dignity. And trusting and strong in faith he had gone about his business, the while a black shadow hung over him and a horrid72 Fate waited in his pathway. Now suddenly it had swooped73 upon him, and had seized him by the leg. Relentless74, remorseless, it was; all his protests, his screams, were nothing to it—it did its cruel will with him, as if his wishes, his feelings, had simply no existence at all; it cut his throat and watched him gasp75 out his life. And now was one to believe that there was nowhere a god of hogs, to whom this hog personality was precious, to whom these hog squeals and agonies had a meaning? Who would take this hog into his arms and comfort him, reward him for his work well done, and show him the meaning of his sacrifice? Perhaps some glimpse of all this was in the thoughts of our humble-minded Jurgis, as he turned to go on with the rest of the party, and muttered: "Dieve—but I'm glad I'm not a hog!"
The carcass hog was scooped76 out of the vat by machinery, and then it fell to the second floor, passing on the way through a wonderful machine with numerous scrapers, which adjusted themselves to the size and shape of the animal, and sent it out at the other end with nearly all of its bristles77 removed. It was then again strung up by machinery, and sent upon another trolley ride; this time passing between two lines of men, who sat upon a raised platform, each doing a certain single thing to the carcass as it came to him. One scraped the outside of a leg; another scraped the inside of the same leg. One with a swift stroke cut the throat; another with two swift strokes severed78 the head, which fell to the floor and vanished through a hole. Another made a slit down the body; a second opened the body wider; a third with a saw cut the breastbone; a fourth loosened the entrails; a fifth pulled them out—and they also slid through a hole in the floor. There were men to scrape each side and men to scrape the back; there were men to clean the carcass inside, to trim it and wash it. Looking down this room, one saw, creeping slowly, a line of dangling hogs a hundred yards in length; and for every yard there was a man, working as if a demon80 were after him. At the end of this hog's progress every inch of the carcass had been gone over several times; and then it was rolled into the chilling room, where it stayed for twenty-four hours, and where a stranger might lose himself in a forest of freezing hogs.
Before the carcass was admitted here, however, it had to pass a government inspector81, who sat in the doorway82 and felt of the glands83 in the neck for tuberculosis84. This government inspector did not have the manner of a man who was worked to death; he was apparently85 not haunted by a fear that the hog might get by him before he had finished his testing. If you were a sociable86 person, he was quite willing to enter into conversation with you, and to explain to you the deadly nature of the ptomaines which are found in tubercular pork; and while he was talking with you you could hardly be so ungrateful as to notice that a dozen carcasses were passing him untouched. This inspector wore a blue uniform, with brass87 buttons, and he gave an atmosphere of authority to the scene, and, as it were, put the stamp of official approval upon the things which were done in Durham's.
Jurgis went down the line with the rest of the visitors, staring open-mouthed, lost in wonder. He had dressed hogs himself in the forest of Lithuania; but he had never expected to live to see one hog dressed by several hundred men. It was like a wonderful poem to him, and he took it all in guilelessly—even to the conspicuous88 signs demanding immaculate cleanliness of the employees. Jurgis was vexed89 when the cynical90 Jokubas translated these signs with sarcastic91 comments, offering to take them to the secret rooms where the spoiled meats went to be doctored.
The party descended92 to the next floor, where the various waste materials were treated. Here came the entrails, to be scraped and washed clean for sausage casings; men and women worked here in the midst of a sickening stench, which caused the visitors to hasten by, gasping93. To another room came all the scraps94 to be "tanked," which meant boiling and pumping off the grease to make soap and lard; below they took out the refuse, and this, too, was a region in which the visitors did not linger. In still other places men were engaged in cutting up the carcasses that had been through the chilling rooms. First there were the "splitters," the most expert workmen in the plant, who earned as high as fifty cents an hour, and did not a thing all day except chop hogs down the middle. Then there were "cleaver95 men," great giants with muscles of iron; each had two men to attend him—to slide the half carcass in front of him on the table, and hold it while he chopped it, and then turn each piece so that he might chop it once more. His cleaver had a blade about two feet long, and he never made but one cut; he made it so neatly96, too, that his implement97 did not smite98 through and dull itself—there was just enough force for a perfect cut, and no more. So through various yawning holes there slipped to the floor below—to one room hams, to another forequarters, to another sides of pork. One might go down to this floor and see the pickling rooms, where the hams were put into vats99, and the great smoke rooms, with their airtight iron doors. In other rooms they prepared salt pork—there were whole cellars full of it, built up in great towers to the ceiling. In yet other rooms they were putting up meats in boxes and barrels, and wrapping hams and bacon in oiled paper, sealing and labeling and sewing them. From the doors of these rooms went men with loaded trucks, to the platform where freight cars were waiting to be filled; and one went out there and realized with a start that he had come at last to the ground floor of this enormous building.
Then the party went across the street to where they did the killing100 of beef—where every hour they turned four or five hundred cattle into meat. Unlike the place they had left, all this work was done on one floor; and instead of there being one line of carcasses which moved to the workmen, there were fifteen or twenty lines, and the men moved from one to another of these. This made a scene of intense activity, a picture of human power wonderful to watch. It was all in one great room, like a circus amphitheater, with a gallery for visitors running over the center.
Along one side of the room ran a narrow gallery, a few feet from the floor; into which gallery the cattle were driven by men with goads101 which gave them electric shocks. Once crowded in here, the creatures were prisoned, each in a separate pen, by gates that shut, leaving them no room to turn around; and while they stood bellowing and plunging102, over the top of the pen there leaned one of the "knockers," armed with a sledge103 hammer, and watching for a chance to deal a blow. The room echoed with the thuds in quick succession, and the stamping and kicking of the steers. The instant the animal had fallen, the "knocker" passed on to another; while a second man raised a lever, and the side of the pen was raised, and the animal, still kicking and struggling, slid out to the "killing bed." Here a man put shackles104 about one leg, and pressed another lever, and the body was jerked up into the air. There were fifteen or twenty such pens, and it was a matter of only a couple of minutes to knock fifteen or twenty cattle and roll them out. Then once more the gates were opened, and another lot rushed in; and so out of each pen there rolled a steady stream of carcasses, which the men upon the killing beds had to get out of the way.
The manner in which they did this was something to be seen and never forgotten. They worked with furious intensity105, literally106 upon the run—at a pace with which there is nothing to be compared except a football game. It was all highly specialized107 labor108, each man having his task to do; generally this would consist of only two or three specific cuts, and he would pass down the line of fifteen or twenty carcasses, making these cuts upon each. First there came the "butcher," to bleed them; this meant one swift stroke, so swift that you could not see it—only the flash of the knife; and before you could realize it, the man had darted109 on to the next line, and a stream of bright red was pouring out upon the floor. This floor was half an inch deep with blood, in spite of the best efforts of men who kept shoveling it through holes; it must have made the floor slippery, but no one could have guessed this by watching the men at work.
The carcass hung for a few minutes to bleed; there was no time lost, however, for there were several hanging in each line, and one was always ready. It was let down to the ground, and there came the "headsman," whose task it was to sever79 the head, with two or three swift strokes. Then came the "floorsman," to make the first cut in the skin; and then another to finish ripping the skin down the center; and then half a dozen more in swift succession, to finish the skinning. After they were through, the carcass was again swung up; and while a man with a stick examined the skin, to make sure that it had not been cut, and another rolled it up and tumbled it through one of the inevitable110 holes in the floor, the beef proceeded on its journey. There were men to cut it, and men to split it, and men to gut6 it and scrape it clean inside. There were some with hose which threw jets of boiling water upon it, and others who removed the feet and added the final touches. In the end, as with the hogs, the finished beef was run into the chilling room, to hang its appointed time.
The visitors were taken there and shown them, all neatly hung in rows, labeled conspicuously111 with the tags of the government inspectors—and some, which had been killed by a special process, marked with the sign of the kosher rabbi, certifying112 that it was fit for sale to the orthodox. And then the visitors were taken to the other parts of the building, to see what became of each particle of the waste material that had vanished through the floor; and to the pickling rooms, and the salting rooms, the canning rooms, and the packing rooms, where choice meat was prepared for shipping113 in refrigerator cars, destined114 to be eaten in all the four corners of civilization. Afterward115 they went outside, wandering about among the mazes116 of buildings in which was done the work auxiliary117 to this great industry. There was scarcely a thing needed in the business that Durham and Company did not make for themselves. There was a great steam power plant and an electricity plant. There was a barrel factory, and a boiler-repair shop. There was a building to which the grease was piped, and made into soap and lard; and then there was a factory for making lard cans, and another for making soap boxes. There was a building in which the bristles were cleaned and dried, for the making of hair cushions and such things; there was a building where the skins were dried and tanned, there was another where heads and feet were made into glue, and another where bones were made into fertilizer. No tiniest particle of organic matter was wasted in Durham's. Out of the horns of the cattle they made combs, buttons, hairpins118, and imitation ivory; out of the shinbones and other big bones they cut knife and toothbrush handles, and mouthpieces for pipes; out of the hoofs119 they cut hairpins and buttons, before they made the rest into glue. From such things as feet, knuckles120, hide clippings, and sinews came such strange and unlikely products as gelatin, isinglass, and phosphorus, bone black, shoe blacking, and bone oil. They had curled-hair works for the cattle tails, and a "wool pullery" for the sheepskins; they made pepsin from the stomachs of the pigs, and albumen from the blood, and violin strings121 from the ill-smelling entrails. When there was nothing else to be done with a thing, they first put it into a tank and got out of it all the tallow and grease, and then they made it into fertilizer. All these industries were gathered into buildings near by, connected by galleries and railroads with the main establishment; and it was estimated that they had handled nearly a quarter of a billion of animals since the founding of the plant by the elder Durham a generation and more ago. If you counted with it the other big plants—and they were now really all one—it was, so Jokubas informed them, the greatest aggregation122 of labor and capital ever gathered in one place. It employed thirty thousand men; it supported directly two hundred and fifty thousand people in its neighborhood, and indirectly123 it supported half a million. It sent its products to every country in the civilized124 world, and it furnished the food for no less than thirty million people!
To all of these things our friends would listen open-mouthed—it seemed to them impossible of belief that anything so stupendous could have been devised by mortal man. That was why to Jurgis it seemed almost profanity to speak about the place as did Jokubas, skeptically; it was a thing as tremendous as the universe—the laws and ways of its working no more than the universe to be questioned or understood. All that a mere125 man could do, it seemed to Jurgis, was to take a thing like this as he found it, and do as he was told; to be given a place in it and a share in its wonderful activities was a blessing126 to be grateful for, as one was grateful for the sunshine and the rain. Jurgis was even glad that he had not seen the place before meeting with his triumph, for he felt that the size of it would have overwhelmed him. But now he had been admitted—he was a part of it all! He had the feeling that this whole huge establishment had taken him under its protection, and had become responsible for his welfare. So guileless was he, and ignorant of the nature of business, that he did not even realize that he had become an employee of Brown's, and that Brown and Durham were supposed by all the world to be deadly rivals—were even required to be deadly rivals by the law of the land, and ordered to try to ruin each other under penalty of fine and imprisonment127!
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1
vender
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| n.小贩 | |
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consultation
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| n.咨询；商量；商议；会议 | |
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colloquy
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| n.谈话，自由讨论 | |
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shovel
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| n.铁锨，铲子，一铲之量；v.铲，铲出 | |
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guts
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| v.狼吞虎咽，贪婪地吃，飞碟游戏（比赛双方每组5人，相距15码，互相掷接飞碟）；毁坏（建筑物等）的内部( gut的第三人称单数 )；取出…的内脏n.勇气( gut的名词复数 )；内脏；消化道的下段；肠 | |
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gut
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| n.[pl.]胆量；内脏；adj.本能的；vt.取出内脏 | |
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7
realization
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| n.实现；认识到，深刻了解 | |
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cyclone
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| n.旋风，龙卷风 | |
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lodgers
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| n.房客，租住者( lodger的名词复数 ) | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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wagons
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| n.四轮的运货马车( wagon的名词复数 )；铁路货车；小手推车 | |
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13
gallop
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| v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展 | |
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bellowing
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| v.发出吼叫声，咆哮（尤指因痛苦）( bellow的现在分词 )；（愤怒地）说出（某事），大叫 | |
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calves
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| n.(calf的复数)笨拙的男子，腓；腿肚子( calf的名词复数 )；牛犊；腓；小腿肚v.生小牛( calve的第三人称单数 )；（冰川）崩解；生（小牛等），产（犊）；使（冰川）崩解 | |
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steers
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| n.阉公牛，肉用公牛( steer的名词复数 )v.驾驶( steer的第三人称单数 )；操纵；控制；引导 | |
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alleys
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| 胡同，小巷( alley的名词复数 )； 小径 | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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galloped
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| （使马）飞奔，奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 )； 快速做[说]某事 | |
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brokers
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| n.（股票、外币等）经纪人( broker的名词复数 )；中间人；代理商；（订合同的）中人v.做掮客（或中人等）( broker的第三人称单数 )；作为权力经纪人进行谈判；以中间人等身份安排… | |
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parley
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| n.谈判 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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hog
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| n.猪；馋嘴贪吃的人；vt.把…占为己有，独占 | |
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hogs
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| n.（尤指喂肥供食用的）猪( hog的名词复数 )；（供食用的）阉公猪；彻底地做某事；自私的或贪婪的人 | |
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poetical
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| adj.似诗人的；诗一般的；韵文的；富有诗意的 | |
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26
metaphors
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| 隐喻( metaphor的名词复数 ) | |
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27
witticism
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| n.谐语，妙语 | |
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28
squeal
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| v.发出长而尖的声音；n.长而尖的声音 | |
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29
advertising
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| n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的 | |
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torments
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| （肉体或精神上的）折磨，痛苦( torment的名词复数 )； 造成痛苦的事物[人] | |
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31
pestered
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| 使烦恼，纠缠( pester的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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32
jingles
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| 叮当声( jingle的名词复数 )； 节拍十分规则的简单诗歌 | |
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33
gaudy
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| adj.华而不实的；俗丽的 | |
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34
lurked
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| vi.潜伏，埋伏（lurk的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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35
maliciously
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| adv.有敌意地 | |
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36
toiling
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| 长时间或辛苦地工作( toil的现在分词 )； 艰难缓慢地移动，跋涉 | |
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37
circumference
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| n.圆周，周长，圆周线 | |
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38
revolve
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| vi.(使)旋转；循环出现 | |
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39
assailed
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| v.攻击( assail的过去式和过去分词 )；困扰；质问；毅然应对 | |
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40
shriek
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| v./n.尖叫，叫喊 | |
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41
trolley
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| n.手推车，台车；无轨电车；有轨电车 | |
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42
dangling
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| 悬吊着( dangle的现在分词 )； 摆动不定； 用某事物诱惑…； 吊胃口 | |
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43
squealing
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| v.长声尖叫，用长而尖锐的声音说( squeal的现在分词 ) | |
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44
uproar
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| n.骚动，喧嚣，鼎沸 | |
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45
appalling
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| adj.骇人听闻的，令人震惊的，可怕的 | |
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46
perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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47
squeals
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| n.长而尖锐的叫声( squeal的名词复数 )v.长声尖叫，用长而尖锐的声音说( squeal的第三人称单数 ) | |
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48
grunts
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| （猪等）作呼噜声( grunt的第三人称单数 )； （指人）发出类似的哼声； 咕哝着说； 石鲈 | |
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49
wails
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| 痛哭，哭声( wail的名词复数 ) | |
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50
momentary
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| adj.片刻的，瞬息的；短暂的 | |
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51
lull
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| v.使安静，使入睡，缓和，哄骗；n.暂停，间歇 | |
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52
deafening
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| adj. 振耳欲聋的, 极喧闹的 动词deafen的现在分词形式 | |
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53
climax
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| n.顶点；高潮；v.(使)达到顶点 | |
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54
nervously
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| adv.神情激动地，不安地 | |
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55
clenched
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| v.紧握，抓紧，咬紧( clench的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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56
slit
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| n.狭长的切口；裂缝；vt.切开，撕裂 | |
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57
ebbing
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| （指潮水）退( ebb的现在分词 )； 落； 减少； 衰落 | |
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58
vat
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| n.(=value added tax)增值税，大桶 | |
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59
machinery
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| n.(总称)机械，机器；机构 | |
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60
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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61
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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62
impersonal
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| adj.无个人感情的，与个人无关的，非人称的 | |
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63
pretense
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| n.矫饰，做作，借口 | |
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64
homage
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| n.尊敬，敬意，崇敬 | |
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65
slaughtering
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| v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的现在分词 ) | |
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66
dungeon
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| n.地牢，土牢 | |
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67
philosophical
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| adj.哲学家的，哲学上的，达观的 | |
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68
similes
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| （使用like或as等词语的）明喻( simile的名词复数 ) | |
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requited
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| v.报答( requite的过去式和过去分词 )；酬谢；回报；报复 | |
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spotted
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| adj.有斑点的，斑纹的，弄污了的 | |
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71
monstrous
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| adj.巨大的；恐怖的；可耻的，丢脸的 | |
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72
horrid
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| adj.可怕的；令人惊恐的；恐怖的；极讨厌的 | |
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73
swooped
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| 俯冲，猛冲( swoop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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74
relentless
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| adj.残酷的，不留情的，无怜悯心的 | |
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75
gasp
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| n.喘息，气喘；v.喘息；气吁吁他说 | |
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76
scooped
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| v.抢先报道( scoop的过去式和过去分词 )；（敏捷地）抱起；抢先获得；用铲[勺]等挖（洞等） | |
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77
bristles
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| 短而硬的毛发，刷子毛( bristle的名词复数 ) | |
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78
severed
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| v.切断，断绝( sever的过去式和过去分词 )；断，裂 | |
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79
sever
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| v.切开，割开；断绝，中断 | |
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80
demon
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| n.魔鬼，恶魔 | |
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81
inspector
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| n.检查员，监察员，视察员 | |
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82
doorway
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| n.门口，(喻)入门；门路，途径 | |
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83
glands
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| n.腺( gland的名词复数 ) | |
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84
tuberculosis
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| n.结核病，肺结核 | |
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85
apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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86
sociable
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| adj.好交际的，友好的，合群的 | |
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87
brass
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| n.黄铜；黄铜器，铜管乐器 | |
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88
conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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89
vexed
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| adj.争论不休的；（指问题等）棘手的；争论不休的问题；烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 )；使苦恼；使生气；详细讨论 | |
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90
cynical
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| adj.(对人性或动机)怀疑的，不信世道向善的 | |
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91
sarcastic
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| adj.讥讽的，讽刺的，嘲弄的 | |
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92
descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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93
gasping
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| adj. 气喘的, 痉挛的 动词gasp的现在分词 | |
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94
scraps
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| 油渣 | |
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95
cleaver
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| n.切肉刀 | |
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96
neatly
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| adv.整洁地，干净地，灵巧地，熟练地 | |
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97
implement
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| n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行 | |
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98
smite
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| v.重击；彻底击败；n.打；尝试；一点儿 | |
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99
vats
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| varieties 变化，多样性，种类 | |
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100
killing
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| n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财 | |
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101
goads
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| n.赶牲口的尖棒( goad的名词复数 )v.刺激( goad的第三人称单数 )；激励；（用尖棒）驱赶；驱使（或怂恿、刺激）某人 | |
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102
plunging
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| adj.跳进的，突进的v.颠簸( plunge的现在分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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103
sledge
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| n.雪橇，大锤；v.用雪橇搬运，坐雪橇往 | |
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104
shackles
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| 手铐( shackle的名词复数 )； 脚镣； 束缚； 羁绊 | |
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105
intensity
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| n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度 | |
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106
literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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107
specialized
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| adj.专门的，专业化的 | |
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108
labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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109
darted
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| v.投掷，投射( dart的过去式和过去分词 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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110
inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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111
conspicuously
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| ad.明显地，惹人注目地 | |
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112
certifying
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| （尤指书面）证明( certify的现在分词 )； 发证书给…； 证明（某人）患有精神病； 颁发（或授予）专业合格证书 | |
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113
shipping
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| n.船运（发货，运输，乘船） | |
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114
destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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115
afterward
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| adv.后来；以后 | |
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116
mazes
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| 迷宫( maze的名词复数 )； 纷繁复杂的规则； 复杂难懂的细节； 迷宫图 | |
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117
auxiliary
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| adj.辅助的，备用的 | |
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118
hairpins
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| n.发夹( hairpin的名词复数 ) | |
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119
hoofs
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| n.（兽的）蹄，马蹄( hoof的名词复数 )v.（兽的）蹄，马蹄( hoof的第三人称单数 ) | |
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120
knuckles
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| n.（指人）指关节( knuckle的名词复数 )；（指动物）膝关节，踝v.（指人）指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 )；（指动物）膝关节，踝 | |
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121
strings
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| n.弦 | |
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122
aggregation
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| n.聚合，组合；凝聚 | |
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123
indirectly
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| adv.间接地，不直接了当地 | |
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124
civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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125
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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126
blessing
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| n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿 | |
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127
imprisonment
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| n.关押，监禁，坐牢 | |
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