Little was accomplished1 in the way of hunting during the two weeks we passed at Mata Gorda, occupying ourselves mainly in building a ranch2 for the establishment of a caporal and his family, with corrals attached, sufficiently3 spacious4 to accommodate a large drove. Other parts of the estate requiring immediate5 attention, we removed from Mata Gorda to Mata Totumo, a retired6 corner of the savannas7, whose proximity9 to other cattle farms exposed it to the constant depredations10 of poachers. In this way vast numbers of our cattle were annually11 lost to us; it had accordingly become necessary to establish there also a Fundacion, or small farm with a resident caporal, who should exercise a strict surveillance and take charge of a small herd12 of tame cattle as a nucleus13 for a permanent settlement in that exposed frontier.
Hardly were we established in the new encampment, when a party of our men in scouring14 the savanna8 encountered a band of these cattle poachers, who had already collected a sufficient drove to make{252} them comfortable to the year’s end, and were hastening home with their unlawful booty. Our people immediately gave chase, but succeeded in capturing two only of the robbers. After whipping these most unmercifully, as is customary in the Llanos for similar offences, and giving them in addition the positive assurance that, if again found within the precincts of the estate, they would fare even worse, the rascals15 were at length allowed to depart without further punishment.
As usual in all our prairie encampments, much time was occupied in destroying baneful16 weeds and reptiles17. Snakes especially were so plentiful18 as to at times greatly endanger our barefooted community. That habit is second nature, was certainly strikingly exemplified in the present instance, for in a few days we came to notice the heretofore dreaded19 snakes as little as though so many harmless earthworms. Our fears, if not their cause, being at length entirely20 removed, we next erected21 a shelter from the inclemency22 of the weather for our abundant luggage, no small cause of anxiety, situated23 as we were at a long distance from the source of any fresh supplies. Afterwards we commenced raising corrals for our increasing herds24. Fortunately building materials were very abundant; and the bamboo, that graceful25 representative of the grasses, was of the greatest utility. Its tall and pliant26 stems afforded all that was necessary for rafters and fence rails, serving also various other uses. To duly estimate the size attained27 by this giant grass of the tropics, it is necessary to understand that some stems reach the astonishing height of thirty{253} or even forty feet, with a corresponding thickness of six or seven inches at their base; and as these bamboos spring in immense clusters from the ground, they grow at last into an aspect which is truly beautiful. Innumerable slender leaves of a delicate sea green color, clothe in masses the tops of these huge stems, curving them downward by their weight, and giving them, especially when sporting with the soft breezes of the pampas, the appearance of waving plumes28 of most magnificent proportions, rising, bending, swaying in long, graceful sweeps over the tops of the surrounding trees. An elegant writer, describing this majestic29 Queen of the Grasses, has beautifully said, “Grace, delicacy30, richness of form and color, every element of vegetable beauty, appear combined in this luxuriant dweller31 by the streams of the tropics. Nothing is more cheerful to the eye of the heated and wearied traveller, than the deep rocky basins formed by mountain streams when filled with water, and overshadowed by clumps32 of bamboo. They often lean over the stream on one side and arch the pathway on the other, excluding almost every ray of sunlight from the cool recesses33 below. Their delicate brittle34 leaves are stirred by the tiniest zephyr35, and bend to the pressure of the butterfly and the bee. Sometimes clumps of bamboo stand on either side of the roads and form long vaulted36 passages, as if by fretted37 Gothic arches, with here and there branches of rich flowers and leaves hanging down like beautiful corbels. When the gale38 of the hurricane comes, these groves39 of bamboo exchange an aspect of beauty for that of grandeur40. They are heaved and tossed like{254} the billows of the sea, and their rich foliage41 driven in every direction appears like surges breaking on the rocks.”
No sooner was the majada in readiness, than we commenced the somewhat laborious42, but at the same time pleasingly exciting business of filling it, for which purpose we called upon the neighboring cattle farms of La Yagua and Caucagua for assistance. So effectual were our efforts, that in a few days we had collected two thousand animals for the brand, most of which, having long passed the age when this operation is usually performed, gave us in consequence a great deal of trouble. Occasionally, by way of relaxation43 from our labors44, we busied ourselves in training the boys in the manly45 art of torear, or the scarcely less dangerous one of breaking in wild horses, on which especially the hardy46 dwellers47 of the Llanos eminently48 pride themselves. During our sojourn49 at Mata Totumo, its owner became concerned in an incident highly illustrative of this peculiar50 pride, so universal a trait among these children of Nature and the Sun, illustrative no less of the almost entire freedom from conventional restraint which exists between master and servant in the Llanos. Our Leader had taken a strong fancy to a beautiful cream colored horse, which, although partially51 trained to the saddle, missed no opportunity of practising some of his old tricks, a favorite one being apparently52 to unseat, whenever possible, his rider. This amusement he several times indulged in at the expense of his master, and, as it chanced, always in presence of his pet caporal,{255} Sarmiento, who invariably gave carte blanche to his own witticisms53 on such occasions. To these the good-humored master replied one day by challenging him to ride the horse round the camp on a run without being thrown, a dollar to be added to his wages if successful; if the reverse, the same amount to be thereafter deducted54. “Done,” cried Sarmiento, extending his hand familiarly to his master; and without more words, having blindfolded55 the horse by means of a sliding leather strap56 attached to the bridle57, called tapaojos, he placed upon him his own saddle and holsters, and the next moment was firmly seated on his back. Then, removing the bandage, he at once commenced belaboring58 the refractory59 stallion with his chaparro, showering such powerful blows upon his haunches, that the terrified animal rushed headlong through the camp, rearing, plunging60, and tearing along the plain at a fearful pace. All in vain were the efforts of the nigh frantic61 steed to shake the unmerciful Centaur62 from his back; the poor animal had to strive against one with whom contention63 was ineffectual, and who finally brought him back triumphantly64 to the camp as submissively meek65 as he had previously66 been savage67 and refractory.
Shortly after our arrival in that secluded68 spot, came the Corporation of Mantecal, under whose jurisdiction69 we were, accompanied by many of the inhabitants, to pay their respects and personal regards to the former chieftain of the Llanos and late President of the Republic, tendering him at the same time the hospitalities of the town—a few straggling huts. It{256} was a surprise party, nevertheless we acquitted70 ourselves with becoming hospitality. Two fat calves71 were immediately slaughtered72; and these, together with numbers of armadillos, galapagos, and a fine sow from the swamps near by, formed a banquet not unworthy a London board of aldermen. A hastily constructed table, its top made from laths of bamboo and tied with bejucos or creepers to four rough posts set in the ground, was soon raised under the trees; the broad leaves of the wild plantain formed the table cloth, while the shells of galapagos served the double purpose of plates and dishes, entirely in keeping with the rural entertainment.
Here, as well as at Mata Gorda, game was most abundant, and we could at all times count upon a ready supply with which to vary the more substantial dishes. Deer were plentiful in the surrounding woods; but I found them, after killing73 several, too thin at this season to be worth hunting, especially as the savannas were teeming74 with the finest cattle and wild hogs75; the latter are in good condition at all times, and each day our men brought to camp the spoils of one or more capones hanging from the saddles.
The ant-bear or great ant-eater, a stout76 and powerful animal measuring six feet from the snout to the end of the tail, also ranged these prairies; but although his flesh is well-flavored and easily procured77, it is never used for food, owing to his repulsive78 appearance. “He is chiefly found in the inmost recesses of the forest, and seems partial to the low and swampy79 parts near creeks80, where the trocly-tree grows. There{257}
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he goes up and down in quest of ants, of which there is never the least scarcity81, so that he soon obtains a sufficient supply of food with very little trouble. He cannot travel fast; man is superior to him in speed. Without swiftness to enable him to escape from his enemies; without teeth, the possession of which would assist him in self-defence; and without the power of burrowing82 in the ground, by which he might conceal83 himself from his pursuers, he still is capable of ranging through these wilds in perfect safety; nor does he fear the fatal pressure of the serpent’s fold, or the teeth of the famished84 jaguar85. Nature has formed his fore-legs wonderfully thick, and strong, and muscular, and armed his feet with three tremendous sharp and crooked86 claws. Whenever he seizes an animal with these formidable weapons, he hugs it close to his body, and keeps it there till it dies through pressure,{258} or through want of food. Nor does the ant-bear in the meantime suffer much from loss of aliment, as it is a well-known fact that he can go longer without food than, perhaps, any other animal, excepting the land-tortoise. His skin is of a texture87 that perfectly88 resists the bite of a dog; his hinder parts are protected by thick and shaggy hair, while his immense tail is large enough to cover his whole body.”[31]
Numerous also were the foot-prints of the jaguar; yet, in my frequent perambulations through the forest, it was never my fortune to encounter this despot of the howling wilderness90, although I one day mistook for his voice that of the titirijí or great horned owl89 of the pampas. I found him perched among the branches of a guamo tree, inclining his large head toward me with a scrutinizing91 look peculiar to those birds, as if taking mental notes of my appearance. Whenever I remained perfectly quiet he gave utterance92 to his unearthly hootings, the woods echoing and re-echoing the dismal93 sounds. The titirijí would seem to be possessed94 of some ventriloquial power, for his voice, loud and deep as it was, yet appeared to issue from a distance. The frequent effect of this peculiarity95 is to mislead the unaccustomed hunter, who by it is readily induced to wander on and on in unavailing search. Having contemplated96 at leisure this singular bird, I finally levelled my fowling-piece at him, and brought him down with a charge of buckshot which I had destined98 for a deer. It proved a very fine specimen99, with wings as large as those of a{259} good sized turkey, while two horn-like tufts of feathers rose on each side of the head, which, in addition to the large, glaring eyes, gave him a truly ferocious100 aspect. His food consists of all kinds of wild fowl97; however, not being over scrupulous101, he devours102 with equal relish103 rats, mice and snakes; while even monkeys of the smaller sort are often his prey104. This owl inhabits for the most part the loneliest and gloomiest portions of the forest; but is occasionally seen solemnly watching from some convenient tree-top the various inhabitants of the farmyard.
MANTECAL.
In compliance105 with an invitation tendered to the General and his suite106 by the good people of Mantecal, we started in a few days to visit their village, not far distant from our encampment. When within three miles of the place, we were welcomed by a large concourse of the inhabitants coming to escort us. Almost the whole population turned out, saluting107 our entry into the town with the firing of blunderbuses and other firearms, and further gracing it with a most discordant108 uproar109 of rickety harps110, violins, and bandolas, enough to have driven frantic the “Enraged Musician” of Hogarth.
Mantecal was at one time quite a flourishing town, notwithstanding the wars which ravaged112 it for many successive years; but since the great epidemic113 of 1832, and subsequently, it has been well nigh depopulated, while the few inhabitants who were not swept away by the scourge114, abandoned their homes. Thus the{260} once busy community became almost a dismal wilderness,
“Where at each step the stranger fears to wake
The rattling115 terrors of the vengeful snake.”
At the time of our visit to Mantecal but few houses remained standing111, sad monuments of past prosperity. We spent three days there, and the inhabitants, hospitable116 in spite of their miserable117 condition, entertained us to the utmost of their ability. Not only did they provide the best accommodations the village afforded, but treated us in addition to a nightly fandango, in which people of all castes and conditions joined. These festivities ended, we gladly returned to our prairie home, the more especially that the important duties we had there to perform would probably delay our return to Maracay several weeks longer; also the rainy season was fast approaching and each day we had warnings of the coming tempest then brewing118 in the south.
We continued to hunt those savannas while there were any orejanos to brand, adding largely in the meantime to our stock of reserved oxen for the markets of the upper country, which had already increased to a considerable drove. We also made several excursions to the neighboring cattle farms for the purpose of separating from their herds all the orejanos whose mothers bore our brand. Judging from the number of calves there collected, and without taking into consideration those yearly discarded by the mothers, it was easy to perceive that the revenues of those estates were greatly increased at our{261} cost, their original stock being vastly inferior to ours. In this manner many of the minor119 cattle farms enriched themselves at the expense of wealthy neighbors.
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1
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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ranch
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| n.大牧场，大农场 | |
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sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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7
savannas
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| n.（美国东南部的）无树平原( savanna的名词复数 )；（亚）热带的稀树大草原 | |
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savanna
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| n.大草原 | |
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proximity
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| n.接近，邻近 | |
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depredations
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| n.劫掠，毁坏( depredation的名词复数 ) | |
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annually
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| adv.一年一次，每年 | |
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herd
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| n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起 | |
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nucleus
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| n.核，核心，原子核 | |
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scouring
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| 擦[洗]净，冲刷，洗涤 | |
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rascals
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| 流氓( rascal的名词复数 )； 无赖； （开玩笑说法）淘气的人（尤指小孩）； 恶作剧的人 | |
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16
baneful
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| adj.有害的 | |
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reptiles
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| n.爬行动物，爬虫( reptile的名词复数 ) | |
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18
plentiful
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| adj.富裕的，丰富的 | |
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dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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inclemency
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| n.险恶，严酷 | |
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situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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herds
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| 兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众 | |
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graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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pliant
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| adj.顺从的；可弯曲的 | |
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attained
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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plumes
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| 羽毛( plume的名词复数 )； 羽毛饰； 羽毛状物； 升上空中的羽状物 | |
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majestic
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| adj.雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，威严的，崇高的 | |
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delicacy
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| n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴 | |
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dweller
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| n.居住者，住客 | |
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clumps
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| n.（树、灌木、植物等的）丛、簇( clump的名词复数 )；（土、泥等）团；块；笨重的脚步声v.（树、灌木、植物等的）丛、簇( clump的第三人称单数 )；（土、泥等）团；块；笨重的脚步声 | |
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33
recesses
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| n.壁凹( recess的名词复数 )；（工作或业务活动的）中止或暂停期间；学校的课间休息；某物内部的凹形空间v.把某物放在墙壁的凹处( recess的第三人称单数 )；将（墙）做成凹形，在（墙）上做壁龛；休息，休会，休庭 | |
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brittle
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| adj.易碎的；脆弱的；冷淡的；(声音)尖利的 | |
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zephyr
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| n.和风，微风 | |
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vaulted
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| adj.拱状的 | |
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fretted
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| 焦躁的，附有弦马的，腐蚀的 | |
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gale
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| n.大风，强风，一阵闹声（尤指笑声等） | |
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groves
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| 树丛，小树林( grove的名词复数 ) | |
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grandeur
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| n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华 | |
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foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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42
laborious
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| adj.吃力的，努力的，不流畅 | |
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43
relaxation
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| n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐 | |
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labors
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| v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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45
manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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hardy
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| adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的 | |
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dwellers
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| n.居民，居住者( dweller的名词复数 ) | |
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eminently
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| adv.突出地；显著地；不寻常地 | |
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49
sojourn
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| v./n.旅居，寄居；逗留 | |
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50
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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51
partially
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| adv.部分地，从某些方面讲 | |
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52
apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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53
witticisms
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| n.妙语，俏皮话( witticism的名词复数 ) | |
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54
deducted
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| v.扣除，减去( deduct的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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55
blindfolded
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| v.（尤指用布）挡住（某人）的视线( blindfold的过去式 )；蒙住（某人）的眼睛；使不理解；蒙骗 | |
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56
strap
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| n.皮带，带子；v.用带扣住，束牢；用绷带包扎 | |
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bridle
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| n.笼头，束缚；vt.抑制，约束；动怒 | |
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belaboring
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| v.毒打一顿( belabor的现在分词 )；责骂；就…作过度的说明；向…唠叨 | |
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59
refractory
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| adj.倔强的，难驾驭的 | |
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plunging
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| adj.跳进的，突进的v.颠簸( plunge的现在分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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61
frantic
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| adj.狂乱的，错乱的，激昂的 | |
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62
centaur
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| n.人首马身的怪物 | |
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63
contention
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| n.争论，争辩，论战；论点，主张 | |
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64
triumphantly
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| ad.得意洋洋地；得胜地；成功地 | |
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meek
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| adj.温顺的，逆来顺受的 | |
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66
previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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secluded
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| adj.与世隔绝的；隐退的；偏僻的v.使隔开，使隐退( seclude的过去式和过去分词) | |
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jurisdiction
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| n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权 | |
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acquitted
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| 宣判…无罪( acquit的过去式和过去分词 )； 使（自己）作出某种表现 | |
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71
calves
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| n.(calf的复数)笨拙的男子，腓；腿肚子( calf的名词复数 )；牛犊；腓；小腿肚v.生小牛( calve的第三人称单数 )；（冰川）崩解；生（小牛等），产（犊）；使（冰川）崩解 | |
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slaughtered
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| v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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killing
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| n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财 | |
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teeming
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| adj.丰富的v.充满( teem的现在分词 )；到处都是；（指水、雨等）暴降；倾注 | |
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hogs
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| n.（尤指喂肥供食用的）猪( hog的名词复数 )；（供食用的）阉公猪；彻底地做某事；自私的或贪婪的人 | |
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procured
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的过去式和过去分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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repulsive
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| adj.排斥的，使人反感的 | |
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swampy
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| adj.沼泽的，湿地的 | |
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creeks
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| n.小湾( creek的名词复数 )；小港；小河；小溪 | |
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scarcity
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| n.缺乏，不足，萧条 | |
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burrowing
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| v.挖掘（洞穴），挖洞( burrow的现在分词 )；翻寻 | |
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conceal
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 | |
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famished
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| adj.饥饿的 | |
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jaguar
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| n.美洲虎 | |
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crooked
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| adj.弯曲的；不诚实的，狡猾的，不正当的 | |
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texture
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| n.(织物)质地；(材料)构造；结构；肌理 | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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owl
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| n.猫头鹰，枭 | |
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wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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scrutinizing
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| v.仔细检查，详审( scrutinize的现在分词 ) | |
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utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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dismal
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| adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的 | |
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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peculiarity
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| n.独特性，特色；特殊的东西；怪癖 | |
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contemplated
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| adj. 预期的 动词contemplate的过去分词形式 | |
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fowl
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| n.家禽，鸡，禽肉 | |
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destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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specimen
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| n.样本，标本 | |
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ferocious
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| adj.凶猛的，残暴的，极度的，十分强烈的 | |
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scrupulous
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| adj.审慎的，小心翼翼的，完全的，纯粹的 | |
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devours
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| 吞没( devour的第三人称单数 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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relish
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| n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味 | |
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prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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compliance
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| n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从 | |
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suite
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| n.一套(家具)；套房；随从人员 | |
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saluting
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| v.欢迎，致敬( salute的现在分词 )；赞扬，赞颂 | |
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discordant
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| adj.不调和的 | |
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uproar
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| n.骚动，喧嚣，鼎沸 | |
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harps
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| abbr.harpsichord 拨弦古钢琴n.竖琴( harp的名词复数 ) | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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ravaged
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| 毁坏( ravage的过去式和过去分词 )； 蹂躏； 劫掠； 抢劫 | |
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epidemic
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| n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的 | |
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scourge
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| n.灾难，祸害；v.蹂躏 | |
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115
rattling
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| adj. 格格作响的, 活泼的, 很好的 adv. 极其, 很, 非常 动词rattle的现在分词 | |
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hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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brewing
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| n. 酿造, 一次酿造的量 动词brew的现在分词形式 | |
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minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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