Having now accomplished1 the most difficult part of our labors2, namely, that of transporting three thousand wild animals across a rising stream by such primitive3 means, we took advantage of the few canoes at our disposal to transfer ourselves and chattels4 to the other side of the river. This was not so easily done, as the creciente was rapidly gaining upon us, with no small risk to our ponderous5 equipment, which had to be landed on the sandy beach; and unless quickly removed, while waiting for another canoe-load, our traps were in constant danger of being carried off by the boisterous6 waves of the river. I had thus the misfortune of being deprived of my hammock, which circumstance compelled me to seek repose7 at night on the stiff hide covers of the baggage—not a very comfortable couch after a hard ride in the hot sun.
Our long train of baggage-mules and wild beasts necessitated8 many stoppages by the way in order to incorporate stragglers, but more frequently to hunt anew the runaways9 among the latter—not an easy task.
Image unavailable: HOMEWARD BOUND.
HOMEWARD BOUND.
{449}
The bulls especially showed a marked reluctance10 to leave behind their bellowing11 harems in the everglades across the river. Such was their love of home in this respect, that we were assured that most of those which succeeded in evading12 our pursuit, made their way back to their savannas13 in spite of the broad expanse of water which separated them. Much valuable time and patience were lost in this way, while the increasing inundation14 was following fast on our steps, so much so, that long after we had left the banks of the river on our rear, we had to wade15 through a continuous sheet of water, which was every moment rising above the fetlocks of our beasts. We also had to ford16 several smaller streams, already swollen17 by the rapid rise of the Apure; but, as no canoes could be had amidst those wilds, for love or money, we availed ourselves of the primitive contrivance devised on such occasions by means of a raw hide fashioned into a lighter18. The trunks and boxes were carefully piled inside the skin, and if a person chose to avail himself of this frail20 barge21, he had only to sit steadily22 on the top of the baggage; the load was then carefully launched on the water, the other end of the rope intrusted to the swimmer and towed in safety to the other side. In this manner our ponderous Doctor and a few others who were unwilling23 to expose their own skin to the tender mercies of the caribes, were successfully ferried across, although it required a steady nerve not to stir an inch and thus upset the whole concern.
Our march across the prairies presented a splendid sight and was suggestive of a long file of prisoners{450} after a well-contested field of battle. At the head of the column, which extended for upward of a mile, marched a strong picket24 of horsemen, the Punteros, guiding the caravan25; and on the sides and rear was another file of men with lazos ready to unfold after deserters. Lively tunes26 and whistling were kept up by the men for the diversion of the cattle, which appeared quite delighted with the music and in consequence became less restive27 on the march.
When near San Jaime, I, together with a party of young companions, having separated ourselves from the rest and taken another route, lost ourselves in the intricate passes leading to the village. This circumstance, although it delayed us for some time from reaching the camp, led us to an abundant field of rich honey, the production of a small wasp29 called matajey, which builds its nest on the branches of the trees, in the shape of a large ball. The sting of this insect is so distressing30, that persons affected31 by it become feverish32 and benumbed; therefore, in order to possess ourselves of its delicious honey-combs, we took the precaution to smoke out the wasps33 by means of a burning rag at the end of a long pole applied34 to the mouth of the nest, when the whole swarm35 abandoned it to the hunters without molestation36.
It was almost dark when we arrived at San Jaime, having hit accidentally upon the right path, after wandering the whole day through the woods; but, being well supplied with honey and water, we did not regret as much the loss of our dinner, as the fact of its having been prepared by another kind of swarm, but this time of pretty girls, who had assembled for{451} the purpose at the cottage of our hospitable37 host. We enjoyed, however, the pleasure of their unsophisticated society for some time before retiring to our hammocks where, fatigued38 by the toils39 of our previous adventure, we speedily lost ourselves again in “sweet, balmy sleep.”
Being rather in a hurry to reach the pass before a sudden rise of the creeks40 connected with the river Portuguesa, we were up long before sunrise, and had barely time to partake of a substantial breakfast, prepared by our charming entertainers.
Immediately upon our arrival at the pass, we proceeded to force our cattle across the river, which being less wide than the Apure, and our herds41 having become more manageable after the long march, we were enabled to execute it in better order and less time than at the former river. Still we contrived42 somehow or other to tarry here longer than was necessary, having wasted three days in accomplishing what might have been the work of one. The fact is, that we were rather taken up with our former feminine acquaintances, especially at the close of day, when the party assembled in the barracoon, destined43 for the fandango, which was usually kept up the whole night.
Fitful accompaniment to these nocturnal revelries was the deafening45 croaking46 of the toads48 and frogs, now abounding50 by myriads51 in the marshes52 and quagmires53 of the vicinity. The shrill54, metallic55 notes of the frogs, and the hoarse56 croaking of their milky57 brethren, are a feature which never fails to excite the astonishment58 of strangers in those regions. The former especially are so striking, that were an Englishman{452} or American suddenly transported there, without knowledge of these sounds, he would imagine himself at home, in the neighborhood of ten thousand steam whistles. I was assured by our friend B., with reference to the toads of Guadarrama, a village on the banks of the Portuguese59, that one night he was thrown down in the street by coming in contact with one of these creatures, which he mistook for a boy in a stooping posture60. Indignant at, what he supposed, the indiscretion of the fellow, B. was in the act of kicking him away when, to his surprise, he perceived the seeming boy slowly moving off in the shape of a big toad49!
This, of course, is another of B.’s great yarns61, which he endeavored to pass on us as veritable facts occurring to him during his wandering peregrinations; but really, putting aside his extravagant62 stories, such is the volume of voice and long-sustained sopranos, bassos, and contraltos of the toads and frogs of South America, that one would suppose they had lungs as big as those of a manatí. And as regards the size that these creatures attain63 here, I may quote a passage from a recent book of travels in those countries which, had it not appeared in London simultaneously64 with the first edition of the Wild Scenes in South America,[65] any one might be inclined to think—after reading the preceding remarks—that they had been suggested by the perusal65 of the following paragraphs:{453}
“In soft, dripping weather, the country roads become almost impassable, and my favorite resource was to sit still and read Tennyson or Longfellow; but the studies of a novice66 in Brazil, on a wet evening, are strangely interrupted by the extraordinary proceedings67 of frogs and toads of all sorts and sizes, which testify their exuberant68 joy by the most discordant69 noises. Croaking is no name for it. Some of the milder and quieter kinds may perhaps be said to croak47, but these are soon silenced by another tribe, whose name is Legion, grunting70, snorting, and shrieking71 like a railway train at full speed; and when they stop for want of breath, the ‘wondrous song’ is taken up by larger numbers of other detestable batrachyans, which keep up a frantic72 revel44 of rattling73 and clattering74, such as I have never heard equalled, except by an intoxicated75 chorus of May sweeps.
“Some of the toads are enormous. In one of my mountain rambles76 I suddenly spied a very beautiful lycopodium growing in large quantities on a moist bank, and, without looking at my feet, sprang across the path to gather a specimen77. I stumbled over something very hard and immovable, and nearly measured my length in the mud; but I seized the lycopodium, and then turned round to look at the obstacle. It was a monstrous78 toad, nearly a foot long, with great yellow pits around its spiteful eyes, and as ugly a brute79 as ever I saw. He did not make the least attempt to move, and seemed to be chuckling80 over the fact of nearly upsetting a traveller. A friend of mine, however, told me that he had been offered a still larger{454} specimen as a present, which he declined to accept on the ground of ferocity. He said it was as big as a hat, it opened its mouth like an oyster81, barked like a dog, and flew at his legs! A nice pet to keep in a strawberry-bed!”[66]
But I never was so struck with the power which frogs alone can exert “in congress assembled,” as one night that I accompanied—soon after our return from the Llanos—a military expedition to surprise a band of revolutionists, who had been committing all sorts of depredations82 on the plantations83 across the lake, and were preparing to attack the town of Villa28 de Cura on the road to the plains. We started from Maracay in the early part of a rainy night, and had to take a circuitous84 route—it hardly deserved the name of road—around the eastern end of the lake to reach the village of Magdaleno (headquarters of the marauders) before daylight. As the expedition had to be conducted with much precaution, neither drums nor bugles85 were allowed; consequently all orders had to be given viva-voce. But when we reached the nearest point to the swampy86 borders of the lake, I do not believe that even Stentor could have made himself heard in the midst of that hellish uproar87. To add to our “confusion worse confounded,” the soil was so spongy and drenched88 with the vernal deluge89, that infantry90 and cavalry—we had no artillery—were nearly swallowed up by the mud before firing a shot at the{455} enemy; fortunately we extricated91 ourselves before the latter were apprized of our approach by a volley fired at our vanguard by one of their advanced posts near the village, which, had they exhibited the least judgment92 in military tactics, they might have stationed a little further off, where we encountered a turbulent stream which only a portion of our force with the utmost difficulty could cross. As it turned out, we entered the village pell-mell with their advanced guard, and soon scattered93 them over the neighboring mountains, where further pursuit was utterly94 impossible.
What a glorious chance these swampy realms of Venezuela would offer some French gourmand95 desirous of migrating to South America! And yet, strange to say, our people will not touch that epicurean bonne-bouche, which has conferred a name upon a whole civilized96 nation: les sauvages!
Another noisy creature that makes its appearance about this time also, is the chicharra, an insect of the locust97 tribe, with which the woods are literally98 filled, and whose sharp, shrill, and continuous chant almost surpasses that of the frogs themselves. Fortunately, they are only heard in the day-time; and our route being mostly over open prairies, we were not so constantly tormented99 by them, except whenever we had to pass through the woods infested100 by these noisy insects. It seemed to me that for every leaf of those truly gigantic trees there were twenty chicharras, all singing at the top of their voices, without the least intermission. What they live upon—for I did not{456} perceive any damage to the foliage101 of the trees—and when do they get their meals, my observations could not discover. Sullivan tells us of two other insects of the tropics, which joined to the above, might rival the nocturnal concerts of ma?tre crapeau.
“During our ride, I was startled by hearing what I fully19 imagined was the whistle of a steam-engine; but I was informed it was a noise caused by a beetle102 that is peculiar103 to Tobago. It is near the size of a man’s hand; and fixing itself against a branch commences a kind of drumming noise, which by degrees quickens to a whistle. It was so loud that, when standing104 fully twenty yards from the tree where it was in operation, the sound was so shrill that you had to raise your voice considerably105 to address your neighbor. The entomological productions of the tropics struck me as being quite as astonishing in size and nature as the botanical or zoological wonders. There is another beetle, called the razor-grinder, that imitates the sound of a knife-grinding machine so exactly, that it is impossible to divest106 oneself of the belief that one is in reality listening to ‘some needy107 knife-grinder’ who has wandered out to the tropical wilds on spec.”[67]
Some kinds of trees were also alive with another, though quite harmless tenant108, the iguana109, a green lizard110 measuring nearly four feet in length, and thick in proportion round the body, whose flesh is said to surpass that of the tenderest chicken, and, I imagine—never having tasted it—even that of the celebrated{457} French bonne-bouche referred to above. The eggs which it lays in great profusion111, I know from personal experience, are quite sweet, and can be taken out of the animal, without injury to the harmless creature, by cutting it open and sewing it up again. While at San Jaime I heard a story in connection with this reptile112, which is very characteristic of the Spanish commanders during the war of Independence, and whose memory is still fresh throughout the country they overran with their exactions. It appears that one of these gentlemen newly arrived from Spain, had established his headquarters at San Jaime, which was by this time pretty well cleaned out of everything that moved upon the earth. One day, the soi-disant commander was going his rounds about the town, when he met an Indian boy carrying a brace113 of iguanas114 suspended from a stick upon his shoulders; these lizards115, by virtue116 of their aerial prerogative117, or perhaps on account of their inexhaustible numbers, having escaped the general onslaught upon other living creatures, not excepting the inhabitants. The Spaniard, who had never seen iguanas in his country, naturally had his curiosity aroused, and at once instituted as close an interrogatory respecting these, as if a doomed118 “insurgent” had been brought to him. “Say, boy, are they good to eat?”—“Si, Se?or,” replied the boy, who probably had never tasted in his life any other kind of food.—“What will you take for them?” (quite considerate).—“Una peseta, Se?or” (a quarter of a dollar). A bargain was at once made to the satisfaction of both parties, and the iguanas were handed over to{458} the orderly beside the commander, who gave the proper directions to have them served for dinner; and so delighted was His Excellency with the dish, that he published at once a bando offering a reward of twenty-five cents for every brace of iguanas brought to him. Three days afterwards he had to countermand119 the order through another bando, threatening with capital punishment any one who would dare to bring him another brace of the horrid-looking creatures, with which the juvenile120 portion of the town had by this time filled his headquarters.
The favorite haunts of the iguana are the Ceiba, and the Sand-box trees—Ura crepitans—both bristling121 with sharp thorns, a good protection against the persecution122 of predatory boys; otherwise these lizards fall an easy prey123, when perched upon more accessible localities, by merely “whistling for them;” for being, as it appears, very fond of musical sounds, they are readily lulled124 to sleep by that means, while the captors prepare a noose125 at the end of a long rod with which they secure their victim. They do not always fare badly, however, for being easily domesticated126, they are kept as pets by the female portion of the household, where they become very useful in ridding the cottage of cockroaches127 and other vermin. Their bitterest enemies, however, are roving, lazy Indians, who not only consider them a dainty morsel128, but take particular delight in tormenting129 these inoffensive creatures by quartering them alive, and teazing them in various ways; thus, when any person is in a bad plight130 his troubles are compared to those of the iguana{459} in that predicament, as will be seen in the following popular ditty:
Los trabajos de la iguana
Cuando los Indios la cojen,
Le quitan los cuatro patas
Y le dicen, iguana, corre!
——
When Indians seize the iguana
Her sorrows are begun,
They cut off her four feet,
And cry, “Iguana, run!”
How different the case would have been if, instead of the puny131, harmless creatures that iguanas are at the present day, their cruel tormentors had lived in the times of their prototype, the Iguanodon, the most colossal132 of the saurian reptiles133, sixty feet in length, with a horn on its snout as formidable as that of the rhinoceros134, and teeth sharp enough to munch135 to a jelly the most stately Ceiba or Sand-box tree. “It is difficult to resist the feeling of astonishment, not to say incredulity”—observes Figuier—“which creeps over one while contemplating136 the disproportion so striking between this being of the ancient world and its congener of the new.”[68] The Iguanodon was in fact an iguana of huge dimensions, enjoying the freedom of the jungle with the Hyl?osaurus and the Megalosaurus—two other saurian monsters of the cretaceous period. The latter is represented as possessing teeth in perfect accord with the destructive functions developed in this formidable creature, for they partake at once of the knife, the sabre, and the saw.
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1
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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2
labors
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| v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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chattels
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| n.动产，奴隶( chattel的名词复数 ) | |
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5
ponderous
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| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
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boisterous
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| adj.喧闹的，欢闹的 | |
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repose
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| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
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necessitated
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| 使…成为必要，需要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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runaways
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| （轻而易举的）胜利( runaway的名词复数 ) | |
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10
reluctance
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| n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿 | |
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bellowing
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| v.发出吼叫声，咆哮（尤指因痛苦）( bellow的现在分词 )；（愤怒地）说出（某事），大叫 | |
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evading
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| 逃避( evade的现在分词 )； 避开； 回避； 想不出 | |
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13
savannas
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| n.（美国东南部的）无树平原( savanna的名词复数 )；（亚）热带的稀树大草原 | |
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inundation
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| n.the act or fact of overflowing | |
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wade
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| v.跋涉，涉水；n.跋涉 | |
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Ford
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| n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过 | |
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swollen
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| adj.肿大的，水涨的；v.使变大，肿胀 | |
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lighter
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| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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frail
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| adj.身体虚弱的；易损坏的 | |
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barge
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| n.平底载货船，驳船 | |
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steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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unwilling
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| adj.不情愿的 | |
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picket
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| n.纠察队；警戒哨；v.设置纠察线；布置警卫 | |
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caravan
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| n.大蓬车；活动房屋 | |
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tunes
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| n.曲调，曲子( tune的名词复数 )v.调音( tune的第三人称单数 )；调整；（给收音机、电视等）调谐；使协调 | |
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restive
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| adj.不安宁的，不安静的 | |
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villa
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| n.别墅，城郊小屋 | |
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wasp
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| n.黄蜂，蚂蜂 | |
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distressing
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| a.使人痛苦的 | |
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affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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feverish
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| adj.发烧的，狂热的，兴奋的 | |
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wasps
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| 黄蜂( wasp的名词复数 )； 胡蜂； 易动怒的人； 刻毒的人 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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swarm
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| n.(昆虫)等一大群；vi.成群飞舞；蜂拥而入 | |
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molestation
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| n.骚扰，干扰，调戏；折磨 | |
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hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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fatigued
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| adj. 疲乏的 | |
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toils
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| 网 | |
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creeks
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| n.小湾( creek的名词复数 )；小港；小河；小溪 | |
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herds
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| 兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众 | |
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42
contrived
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| adj.不自然的，做作的；虚构的 | |
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43
destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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44
revel
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| vi.狂欢作乐，陶醉；n.作乐，狂欢 | |
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45
deafening
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| adj. 振耳欲聋的, 极喧闹的 动词deafen的现在分词形式 | |
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46
croaking
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| v.呱呱地叫( croak的现在分词 )；用粗的声音说 | |
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47
croak
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| vi.嘎嘎叫，发牢骚 | |
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48
toads
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| n.蟾蜍，癞蛤蟆( toad的名词复数 ) | |
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toad
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| n.蟾蜍，癞蛤蟆 | |
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50
abounding
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| adj.丰富的，大量的v.大量存在，充满，富于( abound的现在分词 ) | |
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51
myriads
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| n.无数，极大数量( myriad的名词复数 ) | |
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52
marshes
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| n.沼泽，湿地( marsh的名词复数 ) | |
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53
quagmires
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| n.沼泽地，泥潭( quagmire的名词复数 ) | |
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54
shrill
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| adj.尖声的；刺耳的；v尖叫 | |
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55
metallic
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| adj.金属的；金属制的；含金属的；产金属的；像金属的 | |
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56
hoarse
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| adj.嘶哑的，沙哑的 | |
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57
milky
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| adj.牛奶的，多奶的；乳白色的 | |
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58
astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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59
Portuguese
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| n.葡萄牙人；葡萄牙语 | |
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posture
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| n.姿势，姿态，心态，态度；v.作出某种姿势 | |
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61
yarns
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| n.纱( yarn的名词复数 )；纱线；奇闻漫谈；旅行轶事 | |
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62
extravagant
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| adj.奢侈的；过分的；(言行等)放肆的 | |
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63
attain
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| vt.达到，获得，完成 | |
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64
simultaneously
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| adv.同时发生地，同时进行地 | |
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65
perusal
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| n.细读，熟读；目测 | |
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66
novice
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| adj.新手的，生手的 | |
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67
proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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68
exuberant
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| adj.充满活力的；（植物）繁茂的 | |
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69
discordant
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| adj.不调和的 | |
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70
grunting
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| 咕哝的，呼噜的 | |
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71
shrieking
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| v.尖叫( shriek的现在分词 ) | |
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72
frantic
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| adj.狂乱的，错乱的，激昂的 | |
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73
rattling
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| adj. 格格作响的, 活泼的, 很好的 adv. 极其, 很, 非常 动词rattle的现在分词 | |
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74
clattering
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| 发出咔哒声（clatter的现在分词形式） | |
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75
intoxicated
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| 喝醉的，极其兴奋的 | |
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76
rambles
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| （无目的地）漫游( ramble的第三人称单数 )； （喻）漫谈； 扯淡； 长篇大论 | |
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77
specimen
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| n.样本，标本 | |
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78
monstrous
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| adj.巨大的；恐怖的；可耻的，丢脸的 | |
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79
brute
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| n.野兽，兽性 | |
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80
chuckling
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| 轻声地笑( chuckle的现在分词 ) | |
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81
oyster
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| n.牡蛎；沉默寡言的人 | |
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82
depredations
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| n.劫掠，毁坏( depredation的名词复数 ) | |
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83
plantations
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| n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 ) | |
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84
circuitous
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| adj.迂回的路的，迂曲的，绕行的 | |
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85
bugles
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| 妙脆角，一种类似薯片但做成尖角或喇叭状的零食； 号角( bugle的名词复数 )； 喇叭； 匍匐筋骨草； （装饰女服用的）柱状玻璃（或塑料）小珠 | |
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86
swampy
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| adj.沼泽的，湿地的 | |
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87
uproar
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| n.骚动，喧嚣，鼎沸 | |
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88
drenched
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| adj.湿透的；充满的v.使湿透( drench的过去式和过去分词 )；在某人（某物）上大量使用（某液体） | |
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deluge
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| n./vt.洪水，暴雨，使泛滥 | |
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90
infantry
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| n.[总称]步兵(部队) | |
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91
extricated
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| v.使摆脱困难，脱身( extricate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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93
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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95
gourmand
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| n.嗜食者 | |
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civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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locust
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| n.蝗虫；洋槐，刺槐 | |
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literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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99
tormented
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| 饱受折磨的 | |
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100
infested
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| adj.为患的，大批滋生的（常与with搭配）v.害虫、野兽大批出没于( infest的过去式和过去分词 )；遍布于 | |
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101
foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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102
beetle
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| n.甲虫，近视眼的人 | |
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103
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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104
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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105
considerably
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| adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上 | |
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106
divest
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| v.脱去，剥除 | |
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107
needy
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| adj.贫穷的，贫困的，生活艰苦的 | |
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108
tenant
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| n.承租人；房客；佃户；v.租借，租用 | |
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109
iguana
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| n.美洲大蜥蜴，鬣鳞蜥 | |
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110
lizard
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| n.蜥蜴，壁虎 | |
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111
profusion
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| n.挥霍；丰富 | |
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112
reptile
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| n.爬行动物；两栖动物 | |
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113
brace
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| n. 支柱,曲柄,大括号; v. 绷紧,顶住,(为困难或坏事)做准备 | |
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114
iguanas
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| n. 美洲蜥蜴 名词iguana的复数形式 | |
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115
lizards
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| n.蜥蜴( lizard的名词复数 ) | |
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116
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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117
prerogative
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| n.特权 | |
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118
doomed
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| 命定的 | |
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119
countermand
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| v.撤回(命令)，取消(订货) | |
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120
juvenile
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| n.青少年，少年读物；adj.青少年的，幼稚的 | |
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121
bristling
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| a.竖立的 | |
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122
persecution
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| n. 迫害,烦扰 | |
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123
prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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124
lulled
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| vt.使镇静，使安静（lull的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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125
noose
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| n.绳套，绞索（刑）；v.用套索捉；使落入圈套；处以绞刑 | |
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126
domesticated
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| adj.喜欢家庭生活的；（指动物）被驯养了的v.驯化( domesticate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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127
cockroaches
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| n.蟑螂( cockroach的名词复数 ) | |
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128
morsel
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| n.一口，一点点 | |
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129
tormenting
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| 使痛苦的，使苦恼的 | |
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130
plight
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| n.困境，境况，誓约，艰难；vt.宣誓，保证，约定 | |
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131
puny
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| adj.微不足道的，弱小的 | |
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132
colossal
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| adj.异常的，庞大的 | |
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133
reptiles
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| n.爬行动物，爬虫( reptile的名词复数 ) | |
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134
rhinoceros
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| n.犀牛 | |
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135
munch
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| v.用力嚼，大声咀嚼 | |
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136
contemplating
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| 深思，细想，仔细考虑( contemplate的现在分词 )； 注视，凝视； 考虑接受（发生某事的可能性）； 深思熟虑，沉思，苦思冥想 | |
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