The second Order of Birds, which comprehends both the Pic? and Passeres of Linn?us, is essentially1 distinguished2 from the rest of the class by the structure of the feet, which are formed for perching. Those of the Scansorial tribe in particular, to which all the species to be here noticed belong, have two of the toes directed forwards, and the remaining two directed backwards3, in such a manner as to enable them to grasp the branch of a tree or other similar objects with peculiar4 firmness, and consequently to climb with more than usual agility5. This section comprehends some of the most gorgeously coloured and splendid among birds, as well as those[216] which evince the highest degree of intelligence, in the imitation especially of the human voice, for which they have been celebrated6 from the earliest times.
The beautiful bird, the portrait of which is prefixed to the present article, is one of the rarest of its tribe, and has until very lately been confounded by ornithologists with the Hyacinthine Macaw, a fine but much less splendid species. It is figured by M. Spix in his Brazilian Birds under the name which we have adopted; but is there given without either characters or description. Its claim to generic7 distinction would seem to depend on the excessive length and powerful curvature of its claws and upper mandible, and on the slight developement of the toothlike process of the latter. Its colour is throughout of a deep and brilliant blue; the beak8, legs, and claws, are black; and the cere and a naked circle round each of the eyes are of a bright yellow. Our specimen9 measures two feet four inches from the top of the head to the extremity10 of the tail, and the expansion of his wings is four feet. The length of the upper mandible is five inches, and that of the lower, two.
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1 essentially | |
adv.本质上,实质上,基本上 | |
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2 distinguished | |
adj.卓越的,杰出的,著名的 | |
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3 backwards | |
adv.往回地,向原处,倒,相反,前后倒置地 | |
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4 peculiar | |
adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 | |
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5 agility | |
n.敏捷,活泼 | |
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6 celebrated | |
adj.有名的,声誉卓著的 | |
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7 generic | |
adj.一般的,普通的,共有的 | |
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8 beak | |
n.鸟嘴,茶壶嘴,钩形鼻 | |
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9 specimen | |
n.样本,标本 | |
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10 extremity | |
n.末端,尽头;尽力;终极;极度 | |
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