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Chapter 10
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This chapter is dedicated1 to Anderson's Bookshops, Chicago's legendarykids' bookstore. Anderson's is an old, old family-run business, whichstarted out as an old-timey drug-store selling some books on the side.
Today, it's a booming, multi-location kids' book empire, with some in-credibly innovative2 bookselling practices that get books and kids togetherin really exciting ways. The best of these is the store's mobile book-fairs,in which they ship huge, rolling bookcases, already stocked with excel-lent kids' books, direct to schools on trucks — voila, instant book-fair!
Anderson's Bookshops: 123 West Jefferson, Naperville, IL 60540 USA+1 630 355 2665What would you do if you found out you had a spy in your midst?
You could denounce him, put him up against the wall and take him out.
But then you might end up with another spy in your midst, and the newspy would be more careful than the last one and maybe not get caughtquite so readily.
Here's a better idea: start intercepting3 the spy's communications andfeed him and his masters misinformation. Say his masters instruct him togather information on your movements. Let him follow you around andtake all the notes he wants, but steam open the envelopes that he sendsback to HQ and replace his account of your movements with a fictitiousone. If you want, you can make him seem erratic4 and unreliable so theyget rid of him. You can manufacture crises that might make one side orthe other reveal the identities of other spies. In short, you own them.
This is called the man-in-the-middle attack and if you think about it,it's pretty scary. Someone who man-in-the-middles your communica-tions can trick you in any of a thousand ways.
Of course, there's a great way to get around the man-in-the-middle at-tack: use crypto. With crypto, it doesn't matter if the enemy can see your129messages, because he can't decipher them, change them, and re-sendthem. That's one of the main reasons to use crypto.
But remember: for crypto to work, you need to have keys for thepeople you want to talk to. You and your partner need to share a secretor6 two, some keys that you can use to encrypt and decrypt your mes-sages so that men-in-the-middle get locked out.
That's where the idea of public keys comes in. This is a little hairy, butit's so unbelievably elegant too.
In public key crypto, each user gets two keys. They're long strings7 ofmathematical gibberish, and they have an almost magic property.
Whatever you scramble8 with one key, the other will unlock, and vice-versa. What's more, they're the only keys that can do this — if you canunscramble a message with one key, you know it was scrambled9 with theother (and vice-versa).
So you take either one of these keys (it doesn't matter which one) andyou just publish it. You make it a total non-secret. You want anyone in theworld to know what it is. For obvious reasons, they call this your "publickey."The other key, you hide in the darkest reaches of your mind. You pro-tect it with your life. You never let anyone ever know what it is. That'scalled your "private key." (Duh.)Now say you're a spy and you want to talk with your bosses. Theirpublic key is known by everyone. Your public key is known by every-one. No one knows your private key but you. No one knows theirprivate key but them.
You want to send them a message. First, you encrypt it with yourprivate key. You could just send that message along, and it would workpretty well, since they would know when the message arrived that itcame from you. How? Because if they can decrypt it with your publickey, it can only have been encrypted with your private key. This is theequivalent of putting your seal or signature on the bottom of a message.
It says, "I wrote this, and no one else. No one could have tampered10 withit or changed it."Unfortunately, this won't actually keep your message a secret. That'sbecause your public key is really well known (it has to be, or you'll belimited to sending messages to those few people who have your publickey). Anyone who intercepts11 the message can read it. They can't change130it and make it seem like it came from you, but if you don't want peopleto know what you're saying, you need a better solution.
So instead of just encrypting the message with your private key, youalso encrypt it with your boss's public key. Now it's been locked twice.
The first lock — the boss's public key — only comes off when combinedwith your boss's private key. The second lock — your private key — onlycomes off with your public key. When your bosses receive the message,they unlock it with both keys and now they know for sure that: a) youwrote it and b) that only they can read it.
It's very cool. The day I discovered it, Darryl and I immediately ex-changed keys and spent months cackling and rubbing our hands as weexchanged our military-grade secret messages about where to meet afterschool and whether Van would ever notice him.
But if you want to understand security, you need to consider the mostparanoid possibilities. Like, what if I tricked you into thinking that mypublic key was your boss's public key? You'd encrypt the message withyour private key and my public key. I'd decrypt it, read it, re-encrypt itwith your boss's real public key and send it on. As far as your bossknows, no one but you could have written the message and no one buthim could have read it.
And I get to sit in the middle, like a fat spider in a web, and all yoursecrets belong to me.
Now, the easiest way to fix this is to really widely advertise your pub-lic key. If it's really easy for anyone to know what your real key is, man-in-the-middle gets harder and harder. But you know what? Makingthings well-known is just as hard as keeping them secret. Think about it— how many billions of dollars are spent on shampoo ads and othercrap, just to make sure that as many people know about something thatsome advertiser wants them to know?
There's a cheaper way of fixing man-in-the-middle: the web of trust.
Say that before you leave HQ, you and your bosses sit down over coffeeand actually tell each other your keys. No more man-in-the-middle!
You're absolutely certain whose keys you have, because they were putinto your own hands.
So far, so good. But there's a natural limit to this: how many peoplecan you physically12 meet with and swap13 keys? How many hours in theday do you want to devote to the equivalent of writing your own phonebook? How many of those people are willing to devote that kind of timeto you?
131Thinking about this like a phonebook helps. The world was once aplace with a lot of phonebooks, and when you needed a number, youcould look it up in the book. But for many of the numbers that youwanted to refer to on a given day, you would either know it by heart, oryou'd be able to ask someone else. Even today, when I'm out with mycell-phone, I'll ask Jolu or Darryl if they have a number I'm looking for.
It's faster and easier than looking it up online and they're more reliable,too. If Jolu has a number, I trust him, so I trust the number, too. That'scalled "transitive trust" — trust that moves across the web of ourrelationships.
A web of trust is a bigger version of this. Say I meet Jolu and get hiskey. I can put it on my "keyring" — a list of keys that I've signed with myprivate key. That means you can unlock it with my public key and knowfor sure that me — or someone with my key, anyway — says that "thiskey belongs to this guy."So I hand you my keyring and provided that you trust me to have ac-tually met and verified all the keys on it, you can take it and add it toyour keyring. Now, you meet someone else and you hand the whole ringto him. Bigger and bigger the ring grows, and provided that you trustthe next guy in the chain, and he trusts the next guy in his chain and soon, you're pretty secure.
Which brings me to keysigning parties. These are exactly what theysound like: a party where everyone gets together and signs everyoneelse's keys. Darryl and I, when we traded keys, that was kind of a mini-keysigning party, one with only two sad and geeky attendees. But withmore people, you create the seed of the web of trust, and the web can ex-pand from there. As everyone on your keyring goes out into the worldand meets more people, they can add more and more names to the ring.
You don't have to meet the new people, just trust that the signed key youget from the people in your web is valid14.
So that's why web of trust and parties go together like peanut butterand chocolate.
"Just tell them it's a super-private party, invitational only," I said. "Tellthem not to bring anyone along or they won't be admitted."Jolu looked at me over his coffee. "You're joking, right? You tell peoplethat, and they'll bring extra friends."132"Argh," I said. I spent a night a week at Jolu's these days, keeping thecode up to date on indienet. Pigspleen actually paid me a non-zero sumof money to do this, which was really weird15. I never thought I'd be paidto write code.
"So what do we do? We only want people we really trust there, and wedon't want to mention why until we've got everyone's keys and can sendthem messages in secret."Jolu debugged and I watched over his shoulder. This used to be called"extreme programming," which was a little embarrassing. Now we justcall it "programming." Two people are much better at spotting bugs17 thanone. As the cliche18 goes, "With enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow."We were working our way through the bug16 reports and getting readyto push out the new rev5. It all auto-updated in the background, so ourusers didn't really need to do anything, they just woke up once a week orso with a better program. It was pretty freaky to know that the code Iwrote would be used by hundreds of thousands of people, tomorrow!
"What do we do? Man, I don't know. I think we just have to live withit."I thought back to our Harajuku Fun Madness days. There were lots ofsocial challenges involving large groups of people as part of that game.
"OK, you're right. But let's at least try to keep this secret. Tell them thatthey can bring a maximum of one person, and it has to be someonethey've known personally for a minimum of five years."Jolu looked up from the screen. "Hey," he said. "Hey, that wouldtotally work. I can really see it. I mean, if you told me not to bring any-one, I'd be all, 'Who the hell does he think he is?' But when you put itthat way, it sounds like some awesome19 007 stuff."I found a bug. We drank some coffee. I went home and played a littleClockwork Plunder20, trying not to think about key-winders with nosyquestions, and slept like a baby.
Sutro baths are San Francisco's authentic21 fake Roman ruins. When itopened in 1896, it was the largest indoor bathing house in the world, ahuge Victorian glass solarium filled with pools and tubs and even anearly water slide. It went downhill by the fifties, and the owners torchedit for the insurance in 1966. All that's left is a labyrinth22 of weatheredstone set into the sere23 cliff-face at Ocean Beach. It looks for all the worldlike a Roman ruin, crumbled24 and mysterious, and just beyond them is a133set of caves that let out into the sea. In rough tides, the waves rushthrough the caves and over the ruins — they've even been known to suckin and drown the occasional tourist.
Ocean Beach is way out past Golden Gate park, a stark25 cliff lined withexpensive, doomed26 houses, plunging27 down to a narrow beach studdedwith jellyfish and brave (insane) surfers. There's a giant white rock thatjuts out of the shallows off the shore. That's called Seal Rock, and it usedto be the place where the sea lions congregated28 until they were relocatedto the more tourist-friendly environs of Fisherman's Wharf29.
After dark, there's hardly anyone out there. It gets very cold, with asalt spray that'll soak you to your bones if you let it. The rocks are sharpand there's broken glass and the occasional junkie needle.
It is an awesome place for a party.
Bringing along the tarpaulins30 and chemical glove-warmers was myidea. Jolu figured out where to get the beer — his older brother, Javier,had a buddy31 who actually operated a whole underage drinking service:
pay him enough and he'd back up to your secluded32 party spot with ice-chests and as many brews33 as you wanted. I blew a bunch of my indienetprogramming money, and the guy showed up right on time: 8PM, agood hour after sunset, and lugged34 the six foam35 ice-chests out of hispickup truck and down into the ruins of the baths. He even brought aspare chest for the empties.
"You kids play safe now," he said, tipping his cowboy hat. He was a fatSamoan guy with a huge smile, and a scary tank-top that you could seehis armpit- and belly- and shoulder-hair escaping from. I peeled twentiesoff my roll and handed them to him — his markup36 was 150 percent. Nota bad racket.
He looked at my roll. "You know, I could just take that from you," hesaid, still smiling. "I'm a criminal, after all."I put my roll in my pocket and looked him levelly in the eye. I'd beenstupid to show him what I was carrying, but I knew that there weretimes when you should just stand your ground.
"I'm just messing with you," he said, at last. "But you be careful withthat money. Don't go showing it around.""Thanks," I said. "Homeland Security'll get my back though."His smile got even bigger. "Ha! They're not even real five-oh. Thosepeckerwoods don't know nothin'."134I looked over at his truck. Prominently displayed in his windscreenwas a FasTrak. I wondered how long it would be until he got busted38.
"You got girls coming tonight? That why you got all the beer?"I smiled and waved at him as though he was walking back to histruck, which he should have been doing. He eventually got the hint anddrove away. His smile never faltered40.
Jolu helped me hide the coolers in the rubble41, working with little whiteLED torches on headbands. Once the coolers were in place, we threwlittle white LED keychains into each one, so it would glow when youtook the styrofoam lids off, making it easier to see what you were doing.
It was a moonless night and overcast42, and the distant streetlightsbarely illuminated43 us. I knew we'd stand out like blazes on an infraredscope, but there was no chance that we'd be able to get a bunch of peopletogether without being observed. I'd settle for being dismissed as a littledrunken beach-party.
I don't really drink much. There's been beer and pot and ecstasy44 at theparties I've been going to since I was 14, but I hated smoking (though I'mquite partial to a hash brownie every now and again), ecstasy took toolong — who's got a whole weekend to get high and come down — andbeer, well, it was all right, but I didn't see what the big deal was. My fa-vorite was big, elaborate cocktails45, the kind of thing served in a ceramicvolcano, with six layers, on fire, and a plastic monkey on the rim37, butthat was mostly for the theater of it all.
I actually like being drunk. I just don't like being hungover, and boy,do I ever get hungover. Though again, that might have to do with thekind of drinks that come in a ceramic46 volcano.
But you can't throw a party without putting a case or two of beer onice. It's expected. It loosens things up. People do stupid things after toomany beers, but it's not like my friends are the kind of people who havecars. And people do stupid things no matter what — beer or grass orwhatever are all incidental to that central fact.
Jolu and I each cracked beers — Anchor Steam for him, a Bud Lite forme — and clinked the bottles together, sitting down on a rock.
"You told them 9PM?""Yeah," he said.
"Me too."135We drank in silence. The Bud Lite was the least alcoholic47 thing in theice-chest. I'd need a clear head later.
"You ever get scared?" I said, finally.
He turned to me. "No man, I don't get scared. I'm always scared. I'vebeen scared since the minute the explosions happened. I'm so scaredsometimes, I don't want to get out of bed.""Then why do you do it?"He smiled. "About that," he said. "Maybe I won't, not for much longer.
I mean, it's been great helping48 you. Great. Really excellent. I don't knowwhen I've done anything so important. But Marcus, bro, I have to say… "He trailed off.
"What?" I said, though I knew what was coming next.
"I can't do it forever," he said at last. "Maybe not even for anothermonth. I think I'm through. It's too much risk. The DHS, you can't go towar on them. It's crazy. Really actually crazy.""You sound like Van," I said. My voice was much more bitter than I'dintended.
"I'm not criticizing you, man. I think it's great that you've got thebravery to do this all the time. But I haven't got it. I can't live my life inperpetual terror.""What are you saying?""I'm saying I'm out. I'm going to be one of those people who acts likeit's all OK, like it'll all go back to normal some day. I'm going to use theInternet like I always did, and only use the Xnet to play games. I'm goingto get out is what I'm saying. I won't be a part of your plans anymore."I didn't say anything.
"I know that's leaving you on your own. I don't want that, believe me.
I'd much rather you give up with me. You can't declare war on the gov-ernment of the USA. It's not a fight you're going to win. Watching youtry is like watching a bird fly into a window again and again."He wanted me to say something. What I wanted to say was, Jesus Jolu,thanks so very much for abandoning me! Do you forget what it was like whenthey took us away? Do you forget what the country used to be like before theytook it over? But that's not what he wanted me to say. What he wanted meto say was:
"I understand, Jolu. I respect your choice."136He drank the rest of his bottle and pulled out another one and twistedoff the cap.
"There's something else," he said.
"What?""I wasn't going to mention it, but I want you to understand why I haveto do this.""Jesus, Jolu, what?""I hate to say it, but you're white. I'm not. White people get caught withcocaine and do a little rehab time. Brown people get caught with crackand go to prison for twenty years. White people see cops on the streetand feel safer. Brown people see cops on the street and wonder if they'reabout to get searched. The way the DHS is treating you? The law in thiscountry has always been like that for us."It was so unfair. I didn't ask to be white. I didn't think I was beingbraver just because I'm white. But I knew what Jolu was saying. If thecops stopped someone in the Mission and asked to see some ID, chanceswere that person wasn't white. Whatever risk I ran, Jolu ran more.
Whatever penalty I'd pay, Jolu would pay more.
"I don't know what to say," I said.
"You don't have to say anything," he said. "I just wanted you to know,so you could understand."I could see people walking down the side trail toward us. They werefriends of Jolu's, two Mexican guys and a girl I knew from around, shortand geeky, always wearing cute black Buddy Holly49 glasses that madeher look like the outcast art-student in a teen movie who comes back asthe big success.
Jolu introduced me and gave them beers. The girl didn't take one, butinstead produced a small silver flask50 of vodka from her purse andoffered me a drink. I took a swallow — warm vodka must be an acquiredtaste — and complimented her on the flask, which was embossed with arepeating motif51 of Parappa the Rapper characters.
"It's Japanese," she said as I played another LED keyring over it. "Theyhave all these great booze-toys based on kids' games. Totally twisted."I introduced myself and she introduced herself. "Ange," she said, andshook my hand with hers — dry, warm, with short nails. Jolu introducedme to his pals52, whom he'd known since computer camp in the fourth137grade. More people showed up — five, then ten, then twenty. It was aseriously big group now.
We'd told people to arrive by 9:30 sharp, and we gave it until 9:45 tosee who all would show up. About three quarters were Jolu's friends. I'dinvited all the people I really trusted. Either I was more discriminatingthan Jolu or less popular. Now that he'd told me he was quitting, it mademe think that he was less discriminating53. I was really pissed at him, buttrying not to let it show by concentrating on socializing with otherpeople. But he wasn't stupid. He knew what was going on. I could seethat he was really bummed54. Good.
"OK," I said, climbing up on a ruin, "OK, hey, hello?" A few peoplenearby paid attention to me, but the ones in the back kept on chatting. Iput my arms in the air like a referee55, but it was too dark. Eventually I hiton the idea of turning my LED keychain on and pointing it at each of thetalkers in turn, then at me. Gradually, the crowd fell quiet.
I welcomed them and thanked them all for coming, then asked them toclose in so I could explain why we were there. I could tell they were intothe secrecy56 of it all, intrigued57 and a little warmed up by the beer.
"So here it is. You all use the Xnet. It's no coincidence that the Xnet wascreated right after the DHS took over the city. The people who did thatare an organization devoted58 to personal liberty, who created the networkto keep us safe from DHS spooks and enforcers." Jolu and I had workedthis out in advance. We weren't going to cop to being behind it all, not toanyone. It was way too risky59. Instead, we'd put it out that we weremerely lieutenants60 in "M1k3y"'s army, acting61 to organize the localresistance.
"The Xnet isn't pure," I said. "It can be used by the other side just asreadily as by us. We know that there are DHS spies who use it now.
They use social engineering hacks62 to try to get us to reveal ourselves sothat they can bust39 us. If the Xnet is going to succeed, we need to figureout how to keep them from spying on us. We need a network within thenetwork."I paused and let this sink in. Jolu had suggested that this might be alittle heavy — learning that you're about to be brought into a revolution-ary cell.
"Now, I'm not here to ask you to do anything active. You don't have togo out jamming or anything. You've been brought here because we knowyou're cool, we know you're trustworthy. It's that trustworthiness I wantto get you to contribute tonight. Some of you will already be familiar138with the web of trust and keysigning parties, but for the rest of you, I'llrun it down quickly —" Which I did.
"Now what I want from you tonight is to meet the people here and fig-ure out how much you can trust them. We're going to help you generatekey-pairs and share them with each other."This part was tricky63. Asking people to bring their own laptopswouldn't have worked out, but we still needed to do something hellacomplicated that wouldn't exactly work with paper and pencil.
I held up a laptop Jolu and I had rebuilt the night before, from theground up. "I trust this machine. Every component64 in it was laid by ourown hands. It's running a fresh out-of-the-box version of ParanoidLinux,booted off of the DVD. If there's a trustworthy computer left anywherein the world, this might well be it.
"I've got a key-generator loaded here. You come up here and give itsome random65 input66mash67 the keys, wiggle the mouse — and it willuse that as the seed to create a random public- and private key for you,which it will display on the screen. You can take a picture of the privatekey with your phone, and hit any key to make it go away forever — it'snot stored on the disk at all. Then it will show you your public key. Atthat point, you call over all the people here you trust and who trust you,and they take a picture of the screen with you standing68 next to it, so theyknow whose key it is.
"When you get home, you have to convert the photos to keys. This isgoing to be a lot of work, I'm afraid, but you'll only have to do it once.
You have to be super-careful about typing these in — one mistake andyou're screwed. Luckily, we've got a way to tell if you've got it right: be-neath the key will be a much shorter number, called the 'fingerprint69'.
Once you've typed in the key, you can generate a fingerprint from it andcompare it to the fingerprint, and if they match, you've got it right."They all boggled at me. OK, so I'd asked them to do something prettyweird, it's true, but still.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 dedicated duHzy2     
adj.一心一意的;献身的;热诚的
参考例句:
  • He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
  • His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。
2 innovative D6Vxq     
adj.革新的,新颖的,富有革新精神的
参考例句:
  • Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
  • He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。
3 intercepting 610ea325c8da487d3cb8c3e52877af6a     
截取(技术),截接
参考例句:
  • The police had been intercepting my mail, ie reading it before it was delivered. 警方一直截查我的邮件。
  • We've been intercepting radio transmissions from Moscow. 我们已从莫斯科拦截到无线电信号。
4 erratic ainzj     
adj.古怪的,反复无常的,不稳定的
参考例句:
  • The old man had always been cranky and erratic.那老头儿性情古怪,反复无常。
  • The erratic fluctuation of market prices is in consequence of unstable economy.经济波动致使市场物价忽起忽落。
5 rev njvzwS     
v.发动机旋转,加快速度
参考例句:
  • It's his job to rev up the audience before the show starts.他要负责在表演开始前鼓动观众的热情。
  • Don't rev the engine so hard.别让发动机转得太快。
6 secretor 872f6bcfe5f36a1d4ee85914dc43b6e3     
n.分泌器[管],分泌腺
参考例句:
7 strings nh0zBe     
n.弦
参考例句:
  • He sat on the bed,idly plucking the strings of his guitar.他坐在床上,随意地拨着吉他的弦。
  • She swept her fingers over the strings of the harp.她用手指划过竖琴的琴弦。
8 scramble JDwzg     
v.爬行,攀爬,杂乱蔓延,碎片,片段,废料
参考例句:
  • He broke his leg in his scramble down the wall.他爬墙摔断了腿。
  • It was a long scramble to the top of the hill.到山顶须要爬登一段长路。
9 scrambled 2e4a1c533c25a82f8e80e696225a73f2     
v.快速爬行( scramble的过去式和过去分词 );攀登;争夺;(军事飞机)紧急起飞
参考例句:
  • Each scrambled for the football at the football ground. 足球场上你争我夺。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • He scrambled awkwardly to his feet. 他笨拙地爬起身来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 tampered 07b218b924120d49a725c36b06556000     
v.窜改( tamper的过去式 );篡改;(用不正当手段)影响;瞎摆弄
参考例句:
  • The records of the meeting had been tampered with. 会议记录已被人擅自改动。 来自辞典例句
  • The old man's will has been tampered with. 老人的遗嘱已被窜改。 来自辞典例句
11 intercepts 3445ed8b5856a7dea04f0c0399409410     
(数学)截距( intercept的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • It intercepts a portion of the light impinging on the photocell. 它遮住一部分照射在光电管上的光。
  • The pelletfilter intercepts the particulate matter. 颗粒过滤器将颗粒物进行拦截。
12 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
13 swap crnwE     
n.交换;vt.交换,用...作交易
参考例句:
  • I will swap you my bicycle for your radio.我想拿我的自行车换你的收音机。
  • This comic was a swap that I got from Nick.这本漫画书是我从尼克那里换来的。
14 valid eiCwm     
adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的
参考例句:
  • His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
  • Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗?
15 weird bghw8     
adj.古怪的,离奇的;怪诞的,神秘而可怕的
参考例句:
  • From his weird behaviour,he seems a bit of an oddity.从他不寻常的行为看来,他好像有点怪。
  • His weird clothes really gas me.他的怪衣裳简直笑死人。
16 bug 5skzf     
n.虫子;故障;窃听器;vt.纠缠;装窃听器
参考例句:
  • There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。
  • The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。
17 bugs e3255bae220613022d67e26d2e4fa689     
adj.疯狂的,发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 );病菌;虫子;[计算机](制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的)错误
参考例句:
  • All programs have bugs and need endless refinement. 所有的程序都有漏洞,都需要不断改进。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The sacks of rice were swarming with bugs. 一袋袋的米里长满了虫子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 cliche jbpy6     
n./a.陈词滥调(的);老生常谈(的);陈腐的
参考例句:
  • You should always try to avoid the use of cliche. 你应该尽量避免使用陈词滥调。
  • The old cliche is certainly true:the bigger car do mean bigger profits.有句老话倒的确说得不假:车大利大。
19 awesome CyCzdV     
adj.令人惊叹的,难得吓人的,很好的
参考例句:
  • The church in Ireland has always exercised an awesome power.爱尔兰的教堂一直掌握着令人敬畏的权力。
  • That new white convertible is totally awesome.那辆新的白色折篷汽车简直棒极了.
20 plunder q2IzO     
vt.劫掠财物,掠夺;n.劫掠物,赃物;劫掠
参考例句:
  • The thieves hid their plunder in the cave.贼把赃物藏在山洞里。
  • Trade should not serve as a means of economic plunder.贸易不应当成为经济掠夺的手段。
21 authentic ZuZzs     
a.真的,真正的;可靠的,可信的,有根据的
参考例句:
  • This is an authentic news report. We can depend on it. 这是篇可靠的新闻报道, 我们相信它。
  • Autumn is also the authentic season of renewal. 秋天才是真正的除旧布新的季节。
22 labyrinth h9Fzr     
n.迷宫;难解的事物;迷路
参考例句:
  • He wandered through the labyrinth of the alleyways.他在迷宫似的小巷中闲逛。
  • The human mind is a labyrinth.人的心灵是一座迷宫。
23 sere Dz3w3     
adj.干枯的;n.演替系列
参考例句:
  • The desert was edged with sere vegetation.沙漠周围零星地长着一些干枯的植被。
  • A sere on uncovered rock is a lithosere.在光秃岩石上的演替系列是岩生演替系列。
24 crumbled 32aad1ed72782925f55b2641d6bf1516     
(把…)弄碎, (使)碎成细屑( crumble的过去式和过去分词 ); 衰落; 坍塌; 损坏
参考例句:
  • He crumbled the bread in his fingers. 他用手指把面包捻碎。
  • Our hopes crumbled when the business went bankrupt. 商行破产了,我们的希望也破灭了。
25 stark lGszd     
adj.荒凉的;严酷的;完全的;adv.完全地
参考例句:
  • The young man is faced with a stark choice.这位年轻人面临严峻的抉择。
  • He gave a stark denial to the rumor.他对谣言加以完全的否认。
26 doomed EuuzC1     
命定的
参考例句:
  • The court doomed the accused to a long term of imprisonment. 法庭判处被告长期监禁。
  • A country ruled by an iron hand is doomed to suffer. 被铁腕人物统治的国家定会遭受不幸的。
27 plunging 5fe12477bea00d74cd494313d62da074     
adj.跳进的,突进的v.颠簸( plunge的现在分词 );暴跌;骤降;突降
参考例句:
  • War broke out again, plunging the people into misery and suffering. 战祸复发,生灵涂炭。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • He is plunging into an abyss of despair. 他陷入了绝望的深渊。 来自《简明英汉词典》
28 congregated d4fe572aea8da4a2cdce0106da9d4b69     
(使)集合,聚集( congregate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The crowds congregated in the town square to hear the mayor speak. 人群聚集到市镇广场上来听市长讲话。
  • People quickly congregated round the speaker. 人们迅速围拢在演说者的周围。
29 wharf RMGzd     
n.码头,停泊处
参考例句:
  • We fetch up at the wharf exactly on time.我们准时到达码头。
  • We reached the wharf gasping for breath.我们气喘吁吁地抵达了码头。
30 tarpaulins 46600d444729513b3fab47b3b92e2818     
n.防水帆布,防水帆布罩( tarpaulin的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Main wood to aluminum and plexiglass, PC, tarpaulins, toughened glass. 主材以铝型材与进口有机玻璃、PC、防水布、钢化玻璃。 来自互联网
  • That means providing tents or other materials, including plastic sheeting, tarpaulins and wood. 这意味着需要帐篷和其他物资,包括塑料布、放水油布和木材。 来自互联网
31 buddy 3xGz0E     
n.(美口)密友,伙伴
参考例句:
  • Calm down,buddy.What's the trouble?压压气,老兄。有什么麻烦吗?
  • Get out of my way,buddy!别挡道了,你这家伙!
32 secluded wj8zWX     
adj.与世隔绝的;隐退的;偏僻的v.使隔开,使隐退( seclude的过去式和过去分词)
参考例句:
  • Some people like to strip themselves naked while they have a swim in a secluded place. 一些人当他们在隐蔽的地方游泳时,喜欢把衣服脱光。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This charming cottage dates back to the 15th century and is as pretty as a picture, with its thatched roof and secluded garden. 这所美丽的村舍是15世纪时的建筑,有茅草房顶和宁静的花园,漂亮极了,简直和画上一样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
33 brews 3c9121e29c31af738dda66d88a876b61     
n.(尤指某地酿造的)啤酒( brew的名词复数 );酿造物的种类;(茶)一次的冲泡量;(不同思想、环境、事件的)交融v.调制( brew的第三人称单数 );酝酿;沏(茶);煮(咖啡)
参考例句:
  • He brews beer at home. 他在家里酿造啤酒。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They produce the country's best brews of beer. 他们生产该国的佳酿啤酒。 来自辞典例句
34 lugged 7fb1dd67f4967af8775a26954a9353c5     
vt.用力拖拉(lug的过去式与过去分词形式)
参考例句:
  • She lugged the heavy case up the stairs. 她把那只沉甸甸的箱子拖上了楼梯。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They used to yell that at football when you lugged the ball. 踢足球的时候,逢着你抢到球,人们总是对你这样嚷嚷。 来自辞典例句
35 foam LjOxI     
v./n.泡沫,起泡沫
参考例句:
  • The glass of beer was mostly foam.这杯啤酒大部分是泡沫。
  • The surface of the water is full of foam.水面都是泡沫。
36 markup Povz7v     
n.加价,涨价,利润
参考例句:
  • This mean that international delivery will line markup from today.这意味着国际快递将从今天起全线涨价。
  • Our products are expensive,and distributors and retailers always want a large markup.我们的产品很贵,经销商和零售商总是要求高额利差。
37 rim RXSxl     
n.(圆物的)边,轮缘;边界
参考例句:
  • The water was even with the rim of the basin.盆里的水与盆边平齐了。
  • She looked at him over the rim of her glass.她的目光越过玻璃杯的边沿看着他。
38 busted busted     
adj. 破产了的,失败了的,被降级的,被逮捕的,被抓到的 动词bust的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • You are so busted! 你被当场逮住了!
  • It was money troubles that busted up their marriage. 是金钱纠纷使他们的婚姻破裂了。
39 bust WszzB     
vt.打破;vi.爆裂;n.半身像;胸部
参考例句:
  • I dropped my camera on the pavement and bust it. 我把照相机掉在人行道上摔坏了。
  • She has worked up a lump of clay into a bust.她把一块黏土精心制作成一个半身像。
40 faltered d034d50ce5a8004ff403ab402f79ec8d     
(嗓音)颤抖( falter的过去式和过去分词 ); 支吾其词; 蹒跚; 摇晃
参考例句:
  • He faltered out a few words. 他支吾地说出了几句。
  • "Er - but he has such a longhead!" the man faltered. 他不好意思似的嚅嗫着:“这孩子脑袋真长。”
41 rubble 8XjxP     
n.(一堆)碎石,瓦砾
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake,it took months to clean up the rubble.地震后,花了数月才清理完瓦砾。
  • After the war many cities were full of rubble.战后许多城市到处可见颓垣残壁。
42 overcast cJ2xV     
adj.阴天的,阴暗的,愁闷的;v.遮盖,(使)变暗,包边缝;n.覆盖,阴天
参考例句:
  • The overcast and rainy weather found out his arthritis.阴雨天使他的关节炎发作了。
  • The sky is overcast with dark clouds.乌云满天。
43 illuminated 98b351e9bc282af85e83e767e5ec76b8     
adj.被照明的;受启迪的
参考例句:
  • Floodlights illuminated the stadium. 泛光灯照亮了体育场。
  • the illuminated city at night 夜幕中万家灯火的城市
44 ecstasy 9kJzY     
n.狂喜,心醉神怡,入迷
参考例句:
  • He listened to the music with ecstasy.他听音乐听得入了神。
  • Speechless with ecstasy,the little boys gazed at the toys.小孩注视着那些玩具,高兴得说不出话来。
45 cocktails a8cac8f94e713cc85d516a6e94112418     
n.鸡尾酒( cocktail的名词复数 );餐前开胃菜;混合物
参考例句:
  • Come about 4 o'clock. We'll have cocktails and grill steaks. 请四点钟左右来,我们喝鸡尾酒,吃烤牛排。 来自辞典例句
  • Cocktails were a nasty American habit. 喝鸡尾酒是讨厌的美国习惯。 来自辞典例句
46 ceramic lUsyc     
n.制陶业,陶器,陶瓷工艺
参考例句:
  • The order for ceramic tiles has been booked in.瓷砖的订单已登记下来了。
  • Some ceramic works of art are shown in this exhibition.这次展览会上展出了一些陶瓷艺术品。
47 alcoholic rx7zC     
adj.(含)酒精的,由酒精引起的;n.酗酒者
参考例句:
  • The alcoholic strength of brandy far exceeds that of wine.白兰地的酒精浓度远远超过葡萄酒。
  • Alcoholic drinks act as a poison to a child.酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。
48 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
49 holly hrdzTt     
n.[植]冬青属灌木
参考例句:
  • I recently acquired some wood from a holly tree.最近我从一棵冬青树上弄了些木料。
  • People often decorate their houses with holly at Christmas.人们总是在圣诞节时用冬青来装饰房屋。
50 flask Egxz8     
n.瓶,火药筒,砂箱
参考例句:
  • There is some deposit in the bottom of the flask.这只烧杯的底部有些沉淀物。
  • He took out a metal flask from a canvas bag.他从帆布包里拿出一个金属瓶子。
51 motif mEvxX     
n.(图案的)基本花纹,(衣服的)花边;主题
参考例句:
  • Alienation is a central motif in her novels.疏离感是她小说的一个重要的主题。
  • The jacket has a rose motif on the collar.这件夹克衫领子上有一朵玫瑰花的图案。
52 pals 51a8824fc053bfaf8746439dc2b2d6d0     
n.朋友( pal的名词复数 );老兄;小子;(对男子的不友好的称呼)家伙
参考例句:
  • We've been pals for years. 我们是多年的哥们儿了。
  • CD 8 positive cells remarkably increased in PALS and RP(P CD8+细胞在再生脾PALS和RP内均明显增加(P 来自互联网
53 discriminating 4umz8W     
a.有辨别能力的
参考例句:
  • Due caution should be exercised in discriminating between the two. 在区别这两者时应该相当谨慎。
  • Many businesses are accused of discriminating against women. 许多企业被控有歧视妇女的做法。
54 bummed bdf9f789349f2148b0996a04724e0c3c     
失望的,沮丧的
参考例句:
  • I was really bummed out that there were no tickets left. 没有票了,我非常恼火。
  • I didn't do anything last summer; I just bummed around. 去年夏天我游手好闲,什么正经事也没做。
55 referee lAqzU     
n.裁判员.仲裁人,代表人,鉴定人
参考例句:
  • The team was left raging at the referee's decision.队员们对裁判员的裁决感到非常气愤。
  • The referee blew a whistle at the end of the game.裁判在比赛结束时吹响了哨子。
56 secrecy NZbxH     
n.秘密,保密,隐蔽
参考例句:
  • All the researchers on the project are sworn to secrecy.该项目的所有研究人员都按要求起誓保守秘密。
  • Complete secrecy surrounded the meeting.会议在绝对机密的环境中进行。
57 intrigued 7acc2a75074482e2b408c60187e27c73     
adj.好奇的,被迷住了的v.搞阴谋诡计(intrigue的过去式);激起…的兴趣或好奇心;“intrigue”的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • You've really intrigued me—tell me more! 你说的真有意思—再给我讲一些吧!
  • He was intrigued by her story. 他被她的故事迷住了。
58 devoted xu9zka     
adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的
参考例句:
  • He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
  • We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。
59 risky IXVxe     
adj.有风险的,冒险的
参考例句:
  • It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险,但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
  • He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。
60 lieutenants dc8c445866371477a093185d360992d9     
n.陆军中尉( lieutenant的名词复数 );副职官员;空军;仅低于…官阶的官员
参考例句:
  • In the army, lieutenants are subordinate to captains. 在陆军中,中尉是上尉的下级。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Lieutenants now cap at 1.5 from 1. Recon at 1. 中尉现在由1人口增加的1.5人口。侦查小组成员为1人口。 来自互联网
61 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
62 hacks 7524d17c38ed0b02a3dc699263d3ce94     
黑客
参考例句:
  • But there are hacks who take advantage of people like Teddy. 但有些无赖会占类似泰迪的人的便宜。 来自电影对白
  • I want those two hacks back here, right now. 我要那两个雇工回到这儿,现在就回。 来自互联网
63 tricky 9fCzyd     
adj.狡猾的,奸诈的;(工作等)棘手的,微妙的
参考例句:
  • I'm in a rather tricky position.Can you help me out?我的处境很棘手,你能帮我吗?
  • He avoided this tricky question and talked in generalities.他回避了这个非常微妙的问题,只做了个笼统的表述。
64 component epSzv     
n.组成部分,成分,元件;adj.组成的,合成的
参考例句:
  • Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
  • Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。
65 random HT9xd     
adj.随机的;任意的;n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句:
  • The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
66 input X6lxm     
n.输入(物);投入;vt.把(数据等)输入计算机
参考例句:
  • I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.我将永远感激他的大量投入。
  • All this information had to be input onto the computer.所有这些信息都必须输入计算机。
67 mash o7Szl     
n.麦芽浆,糊状物,土豆泥;v.把…捣成糊状,挑逗,调情
参考例句:
  • He beat the potato into a mash before eating it.他把马铃薯捣烂后再吃。
  • Whiskey,originating in Scotland,is distilled from a mash of grains.威士忌源于苏格兰,是从一种大麦芽提纯出来的。
68 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
69 fingerprint 4kXxX     
n.指纹;vt.取...的指纹
参考例句:
  • The fingerprint expert was asked to testify at the trial.指纹专家应邀出庭作证。
  • The court heard evidence from a fingerprint expert.法院听取了指纹专家的证词。


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