IN BELDOVER, there was both for Ursula and for Gudrun an interval1. It seemed to Ursula as if Birkin had gone out of her for the time, he had lost his significance, he scarcely mattered in her world. She had her own friends, her own activities, her own life. She turned back to the old ways with zest2, away from him.
And Gudrun, after feeling every moment in all her veins3 conscious of Gerald Crich, connected even physically4 with him, was now almost indifferent to the thought of him. She was nursing new schemes for going away and trying a new form of life. All the time, there was something in her urging her to avoid the final establishing of a relationship with Gerald. She felt it would be wiser and better to have no more than a casual acquaintance with him.
She had a scheme for going to St Petersburg, where she had a friend who was a sculptor5 like herself, and who lived with a wealthy Russian whose hobby was jewel-making. The emotional, rather rootless life of the Russians appealed to her. She did not want to go to Paris. Paris was dry, and essentially6 boring. She would like to go to Rome, Munich, Vienna, or to St Petersburg or Moscow. She had a friend in St Petersburg and a friend in Munich. To each of these she wrote, asking about rooms.
She had a certain amount of money. She had come home partly to save, and now she had sold several pieces of work, she had been praised in various shows. She knew she could become quite the `go' if she went to London. But she knew London, she wanted something else. She had seventy pounds, of which nobody knew anything. She would move soon, as soon as she heard from her friends. Her nature, in spite of her apparent placidity7 and calm, was profoundly restless.
The sisters happened to call in a cottage in Willey Green to buy honey. Mrs Kirk, a stout8, pale, sharp-nosed woman, sly, honied, with something shrewish and cat-like beneath, asked the girls into her toocosy, too tidy kitchen. There was a cat-like comfort and cleanliness everywhere.
`Yes, Miss Brangwen,' she said, in her slightly whining9, insinuating10 voice, `and how do you like being back in the old place, then?'
Gudrun, whom she addressed, hated her at once.
`I don't care for it,' she replied abruptly11.
`You don't? Ay, well, I suppose you found a difference from London. You like life, and big, grand places. Some of us has to be content with Willey Green and Beldover. And what do you think of our Grammar School, as there's so much talk about?'
`What do I think of it?' Gudrun looked round at her slowly. `Do you mean, do I think it's a good school?'
`Yes. What is your opinion of it?'
"I do think it's a good school.'
Gudrun was very cold and repelling12. She knew the common people hated the school.
`Ay, you do, then! I've heard so much, one way and the other. It's nice to know what those that's in it feel. But opinions vary, don't they? Mr Crich up at Highclose is all for it. Ay, poor man, I'm afraid he's not long for this world. He's very poorly.'
`Is he worse?' asked Ursula.
`Eh, yes -- since they lost Miss Diana. He's gone off to a shadow. Poor man, he's had a world of trouble.'
`Has he?' asked Gudrun, faintly ironic13.
`He has, a world of trouble. And as nice and kind a gentleman as ever you could wish to meet. His children don't take after him.'
`I suppose they take after their mother?' said Ursula.
`In many ways.' Mrs Krik lowered her voice a little. `She was a proud haughty14 lady when she came into these parts -- my word, she was that! She mustn't be looked at, and it was worth your life to speak to her.' The woman made a dry, sly face.
`Did you know her when she was first married?'
`Yes, I knew her. I nursed three of her children. And proper little terrors they were, little fiends -- that Gerald was a demon15 if ever there was one, a proper demon, ay, at six months old.' A curious malicious16, sly tone came into the woman's voice.
`Really,' said Gudrun.
`That wilful17, masterful -- he'd mastered one nurse at six months. Kick, and scream, and struggle like a demon. Many's the time I've pinched his little bottom for him, when he was a child in arms. Ay, and he'd have been better if he'd had it pinched oftener. But she wouldn't have them corrected -- no-o, wouldn't hear of it. I can remember the rows she had with Mr Crich, my word. When he'd got worked up, properly worked up till he could stand no more, he'd lock the study door and whip them. But she paced up and down all the while like a tiger outside, like a tiger, with very murder in her face. She had a face that could look death. And when the door was opened, she'd go in with her hands lifted -- "What have you been doing to my children, you coward." She was like one out of her mind. I believe he was frightened of her; he had to be driven mad before he'd lift a finger. Didn't the servants have a life of it! And didn't we used to be thankful when one of them caught it. They were the torment18 of your life.'
`Really!' said Gudrun.
`In every possible way. If you wouldn't let them smash their pots on the table, if you wouldn't let them drag the kitten about with a string round its neck, if you wouldn't give them whatever they asked for, every mortal thing -- then there was a shine on, and their mother coming in asking -"What's the matter with him? What have you done to him? What is it, Darling?" And then she'd turn on you as if she'd trample19 you under her feet. But she didn't trample on me. I was the only one that could do anything with her demons20 -- for she wasn't going to be bothered with them herself. No, she took no trouble for them. But they must just have their way, they mustn't be spoken to. And Master Gerald was the beauty. I left when he was a year and a half, I could stand no more. But I pinched his little bottom for him when he was in arms, I did, when there was no holding him, and I'm not sorry I did --'
Gudrun went away in fury and loathing22. The phrase, `I pinched his little bottom for him,' sent her into a white, stony23 fury. She could not bear it, she wanted to have the woman taken out at once and strangled. And yet there the phrase was lodged24 in her mind for ever, beyond escape. She felt, one day, she would have to tell him, to see how he took it. And she loathed26 herself for the thought.
But at Shortlands the life-long struggle was coming to a close. The father was ill and was going to die. He had bad internal pains, which took away all his attentive27 life, and left him with only a vestige28 of his consciousness. More and more a silence came over him, he was less and less acutely aware of his surroundings. The pain seemed to absorb his activity. He knew it was there, he knew it would come again. It was like something lurking29 in the darkness within him. And he had not the power, or the will, to seek it out and to know it. There it remained in the darkness, the great pain, tearing him at times, and then being silent. And when it tore him he crouched30 in silent subjection under it, and when it left him alone again, he refused to know of it. It was within the darkness, let it remain unknown. So he never admitted it, except in a secret corner of himself, where all his never-revealed fears and secrets were accumulated. For the rest, he had a pain, it went away, it made no difference. It even stimulated31 him, excited him.
But it gradually absorbed his life. Gradually it drew away all his potentiality, it bled him into the dark, it weaned him of life and drew him away into the darkness. And in this twilight32 of his life little remained visible to him. The business, his work, that was gone entirely33. His public interests had disappeared as if they had never been. Even his family had become extraneous34 to him, he could only remember, in some slight nonessential part of himself, that such and such were his children. But it was historical fact, not vital to him. He had to make an effort to know their relation to him. Even his wife barely existed. She indeed was like the darkness, like the pain within him. By some strange association, the darkness that contained the pain and the darkness that contained his wife were identical. All his thoughts and understandings became blurred35 and fused, and now his wife and the consuming pain were the same dark secret power against him, that he never faced. He never drove the dread36 out of its lair37 within him. He only knew that there was a dark place, and something inhabiting this darkness which issued from time to time and rent him. But he dared not penetrate38 and drive the beast into the open. He had rather ignore its existence. Only, in his vague way, the dread was his wife, the destroyer, and it was the pain, the destruction, a darkness which was one and both.
He very rarely saw his wife. She kept her room. Only occasionally she came forth39, with her head stretched forward, and in her low, possessed40 voice, she asked him how he was. And he answered her, in the habit of more than thirty years: `Well, I don't think I'm any the worse, dear.' But he was frightened of her, underneath41 this safeguard of habit, frightened almost to the verge42 of death.
But all his life, he had been so constant to his lights, he had never broken down. He would die even now without breaking down, without knowing what his feelings were, towards her. All his life, he had said: `Poor Christiana, she has such a strong temper.' With unbroken will, he had stood by this position with regard to her, he had substituted pity for all his hostility44, pity had been his shield and his safeguard, and his infallible weapon. And still, in his consciousness, he was sorry for her, her nature was so violent and so impatient.
But now his pity, with his life, was wearing thin, and the dread almost amounting to horror, was rising into being. But before the armour45 of his pity really broke, he would die, as an insect when its shell is cracked. This was his final resource. Others would live on, and know the living death, the ensuing process of hopeless chaos46. He would not. He denied death its victory.
He had been so constant to his lights, so constant to charity, and to his love for his neighbour. Perhaps he had loved his neighbour even better than himself -- which is going one further than the commandment. Always, this flame had burned in his heart, sustaining him through everything, the welfare of the people. He was a large employer of labour, he was a great mine-owner. And he had never lost this from his heart, that in Christ he was one with his workmen. Nay47, he had felt inferior to them, as if they through poverty and labour were nearer to God than he. He had always the unacknowledged belief, that it was his workmen, the miners, who held in their hands the means of salvation48. To move nearer to God, he must move towards his miners, his life must gravitate towards theirs. They were, unconsciously, his idol49, his God made manifest. In them he worshipped the highest, the great, sympathetic, mindless Godhead of humanity.
And all the while, his wife had opposed him like one of the great demons of hell. Strange, like a bird of prey50, with the fascinating beauty and abstraction of a hawk51, she had beat against the bars of his philanthropy, and like a hawk in a cage, she had sunk into silence. By force of circumstance, because all the world combined to make the cage unbreakable, he had been too strong for her, he had kept her prisoner. And because she was his prisoner, his passion for her had always remained keen as death. He had always loved her, loved her with intensity52. Within the cage, she was denied nothing, she was given all licence.
But she had gone almost mad. Of wild and overweening temper, she could not bear the humiliation53 of her husband's soft, half-appealing kindness to everybody. He was not deceived by the poor. He knew they came and sponged on him, and whined54 to him, the worse sort; the majority, luckily for him, were much too proud to ask for anything, much too independent to come knocking at his door. But in Beldover, as everywhere else, there were the whining, parasitic55, foul56 human beings who come crawling after charity, and feeding on the living body of the public like lice. A kind of fire would go over Christiana Crich's brain, as she saw two more palefaced, creeping women in objectionable black clothes, cringing57 lugubriously58 up the drive to the door. She wanted to set the dogs on them, `Hi Rip! Hi Ring! Ranger60! At 'em boys, set 'em off.' But Crowther, the butler, with all the rest of the servants, was Mr Crich's man. Nevertheless, when her husband was away, she would come down like a wolf on the crawling supplicants;
`What do you people want? There is nothing for you here. You have no business on the drive at all. Simpson, drive them away and let no more of them through the gate.'
The servants had to obey her. And she would stand watching with an eye like the eagle's, whilst the groom62 in clumsy confusion drove the lugubrious59 persons down the drive, as if they were rusty63 fowls64, scuttling65 before him.
But they learned to know, from the lodge25-keeper, when Mrs Crich was away, and they timed their visits. How many times, in the first years, would Crowther knock softly at the door: `Person to see you, sir.'
`What name?'
`Grocock, sir.'
`What do they want?' The question was half impatient, half gratified. He liked hearing appeals to his charity.
`About a child, sir.'
`Show them into the library, and tell them they shouldn't come after eleven o'clock in the morning.'
`Why do you get up from dinner? -- send them off,' his wife would say abruptly.
`Oh, I can't do that. It's no trouble just to hear what they have to say.'
`How many more have been here today? Why don't you establish open house for them? They would soon oust66 me and the children.'
`You know dear, it doesn't hurt me to hear what they have to say. And if they really are in trouble -- well, it is my duty to help them out of it.'
`It's your duty to invite all the rats in the world to gnaw67 at your bones.'
`Come, Christiana, it isn't like that. Don't be uncharitable.'
But she suddenly swept out of the room, and out to the study. There sat the meagre charity-seekers, looking as if they were at the doctor's.
`Mr Crich can't see you. He can't see you at this hour. Do you think he is your property, that you can come whenever you like? You must go away, there is nothing for you here.'
The poor people rose in confusion. But Mr Crich, pale and black-bearded and deprecating, came behind her, saying:
`Yes, I don't like you coming as late as this. I'll hear any of you in the morning part of the day, but I can't really do with you after. What's amiss then, Gittens. How is your Missis?'
`Why, she's sunk very low, Mester Crich, she's a'most gone, she is --'
Sometimes, it seemed to Mrs Crich as if her husband were some subtle funeral bird, feeding on the miseries68 of the people. It seemed to her he was never satisfied unless there was some sordid69 tale being poured out to him, which he drank in with a sort of mournful, sympathetic satisfaction. He would have no raison d'etre if there were no lugubrious miseries in the world, as an undertaker would have no meaning if there were no funerals.
Mrs Crich recoiled70 back upon herself, she recoiled away from this world of creeping democracy. A band of tight, baleful exclusion71 fastened round her heart, her isolation72 was fierce and hard, her antagonism73 was passive but terribly pure, like that of a hawk in a cage. As the years went on, she lost more and more count of the world, she seemed rapt in some glittering abstraction, almost purely74 unconscious. She would wander about the house and about the surrounding country, staring keenly and seeing nothing. She rarely spoke21, she had no connection with the world. And she did not even think. She was consumed in a fierce tension of opposition75, like the negative pole of a magnet.
And she bore many children. For, as time went on, she never opposed her husband in word or deed. She took no notice of him, externally. She submitted to him, let him take what he wanted and do as he wanted with her. She was like a hawk that sullenly76 submits to everything. The relation between her and her husband was wordless and unknown, but it was deep, awful, a relation of utter inter-destruction. And he, who triumphed in the world, he became more and more hollow in his vitality78, the vitality was bled from within him, as by some haemorrhage. She was hulked like a hawk in a cage, but her heart was fierce and undiminished within her, though her mind was destroyed.
So to the last he would go to her and hold her in his arms sometimes, before his strength was all gone. The terrible white, destructive light that burned in her eyes only excited and roused him. Till he was bled to death, and then he dreaded79 her more than anything. But he always said to himself, how happy he had been, how he had loved her with a pure and consuming love ever since he had known her. And he thought of her as pure, chaste80; the white flame which was known to him alone, the flame of her sex, was a white flower of snow to his mind. She was a wonderful white snow-flower, which he had desired infinitely81. And now he was dying with all his ideas and interpretations82 intact. They would only collapse83 when the breath left his body. Till then they would be pure truths for him. Only death would show the perfect completeness of the lie. Till death, she was his white snow-flower. He had subdued84 her, and her subjugation85 was to him an infinite chastity in her, a virginity which he could never break, and which dominated him as by a spell.
She had let go the outer world, but within herself she was unbroken and unimpaired. She only sat in her room like a moping, dishevelled hawk, motionless, mindless. Her children, for whom she had been so fierce in her youth, now meant scarcely anything to her. She had lost all that, she was quite by herself. Only Gerald, the gleaming, had some existence for her. But of late years, since he had become head of the business, he too was forgotten. Whereas the father, now he was dying, turned for compassion86 to Gerald. There had always been opposition between the two of them. Gerald had feared and despised his father, and to a great extent had avoided him all through boyhood and young manhood. And the father had felt very often a real dislike of his eldest87 son, which, never wanting to give way to, he had refused to acknowledge. He had ignored Gerald as much as possible, leaving him alone.
Since, however, Gerald had come home and assumed responsibility in the firm, and had proved such a wonderful director, the father, tired and weary of all outside concerns, had put all his trust of these things in his son, implicitly88, leaving everything to him, and assuming a rather touching89 dependence90 on the young enemy. This immediately roused a poignant91 pity and allegiance in Gerald's heart, always shadowed by contempt and by unadmitted enmity. For Gerald was in reaction against Charity; and yet he was dominated by it, it assumed supremacy92 in the inner life, and he could not confute it. So he was partly subject to that which his father stood for, but he was in reaction against it. Now he could not save himself. A certain pity and grief and tenderness for his father overcame him, in spite of the deeper, more sullen77 hostility.
The father won shelter from Gerald through compassion. But for love he had Winifred. She was his youngest child, she was the only one of his children whom he had ever closely loved. And her he loved with all the great, overweening, sheltering love of a dying man. He wanted to shelter her infinitely, infinitely, to wrap her in warmth and love and shelter, perfectly93. If he could save her she should never know one pain, one grief, one hurt. He had been so right all his life, so constant in his kindness and his goodness. And this was his last passionate94 righteousness, his love for the child Winifred. Some things troubled him yet. The world had passed away from him, as his strength ebbed95. There were no more poor and injured and humble96 to protect and succour. These were all lost to him. There were no more sons and daughters to trouble him, and to weigh on him as an unnatural97 responsibility. These too had faded out of reality All these things had fallen out of his hands, and left him free.
There remained the covert98 fear and horror of his wife, as she sat mindless and strange in her room, or as she came forth with slow, prowling step, her head bent99 forward. But this he put away. Even his life-long righteousness, however, would not quite deliver him from the inner horror. Still, he could keep it sufficiently100 at bay. It would never break forth openly. Death would come first.
Then there was Winifred! If only he could be sure about her, if only he could be sure. Since the death of Diana, and the development of his illness, his craving101 for surety with regard to Winifred amounted almost to obsession102. It was as if, even dying, he must have some anxiety, some responsibility of love, of Charity, upon his heart.
She was an odd, sensitive, inflammable child, having her father's dark hair and quiet bearing, but being quite detached, momentaneous. She was like a changeling indeed, as if her feelings did not matter to her, really. She often seemed to be talking and playing like the gayest and most childish of children, she was full of the warmest, most delightful103 affection for a few things -- for her father, and for her animals in particular. But if she heard that her beloved kitten Leo had been run over by the motor-car she put her head on one side, and replied, with a faint contraction104 like resentment105 on her face: `Has he?' Then she took no more notice. She only disliked the servant who would force bad news on her, and wanted her to be sorry. She wished not to know, and that seemed her chief motive106. She avoided her mother, and most of the members of her family. She loved her Daddy, because he wanted her always to be happy, and because he seemed to become young again, and irresponsible in her presence. She liked Gerald, because he was so self-contained. She loved people who would make life a game for her. She had an amazing instinctive107 critical faculty108, and was a pure anarchist109, a pure aristocrat110 at once. For she accepted her equals wherever she found them, and she ignored with blithe111 indifference112 her inferiors, whether they were her brothers and sisters, or whether they were wealthy guests of the house, or whether they were the common people or the servants. She was quite single and by herself, deriving113 from nobody. It was as if she were cut off from all purpose or continuity, and existed simply moment by moment.
The father, as by some strange final illusion, felt as if all his fate depended on his ensuring to Winifred her happiness. She who could never suffer, because she never formed vital connections, she who could lose the dearest things of her life and be just the same the next day, the whole memory dropped out, as if deliberately114, she whose will was so strangely and easily free, anarchistic115, almost nihilistic, who like a soulless bird flits on its own will, without attachment116 or responsibility beyond the moment, who in her every motion snapped the threads of serious relationship with blithe, free hands, really nihilistic, because never troubled, she must be the object of her father's final passionate solicitude117.
When Mr Crich heard that Gudrun Brangwen might come to help Winifred with her drawing and modelling he saw a road to salvation for his child. He believed that Winifred had talent, he had seen Gudrun, he knew that she was an exceptional person. He could give Winifred into her hands as into the hands of a right being. Here was a direction and a positive force to be lent to his child, he need not leave her directionless and defenceless. If he could but graft118 the girl on to some tree of utterance119 before he died, he would have fulfilled his responsibility. And here it could be done. He did not hesitate to appeal to Gudrun.
Meanwhile, as the father drifted more and more out of life, Gerald experienced more and more a sense of exposure. His father after all had stood for the living world to him. Whilst his father lived Gerald was not responsible for the world. But now his father was passing away, Gerald found himself left exposed and unready before the storm of living, like the mutinous120 first mate of a ship that has lost his captain, and who sees only a terrible chaos in front of him. He did not inherit an established order and a living idea. The whole unifying121 idea of mankind seemed to be dying with his father, the centralising force that had held the whole together seemed to collapse with his father, the parts were ready to go asunder122 in terrible disintegration123. Gerald was as if left on board of a ship that was going asunder beneath his feet, he was in charge of a vessel124 whose timbers were all coming apart.
He knew that all his life he had been wrenching125 at the frame of life to break it apart. And now, with something of the terror of a destructive child, he saw himself on the point of inheriting his own destruction. And during the last months, under the influence of death, and of Birkin's talk, and of Gudrun's penetrating126 being, he had lost entirely that mechanical certainty that had been his triumph. Sometimes spasms127 of hatred128 came over him, against Birkin and Gudrun and that whole set. He wanted to go back to the dullest conservatism, to the most stupid of conventional people. He wanted to revert129 to the strictest Toryism. But the desire did not last long enough to carry him into action.
During his childhood and his boyhood he had wanted a sort of savagedom. The days of Homer were his ideal, when a man was chief of an army of heroes, or spent his years in wonderful Odyssey131. He hated remorselessly the circumstances of his own life, so much that he never really saw Beldover and the colliery valley. He turned his face entirely away from the blackened mining region that stretched away on the right hand of Shortlands, he turned entirely to the country and the woods beyond Willey Water. It was true that the panting and rattling132 of the coal mines could always be heard at Shortlands. But from his earliest childhood, Gerald had paid no heed133 to this. He had ignored the whole of the industrial sea which surged in coal-blackened tides against the grounds of the house. The world was really a wilderness134 where one hunted and swam and rode. He rebelled against all authority. Life was a condition of savage130 freedom.
Then he had been sent away to school, which was so much death to him. He refused to go to Oxford135, choosing a German university. He had spent a certain time at Bonn, at Berlin, and at Frankfurt. There, a curiosity had been aroused in his mind. He wanted to see and to know, in a curious objective fashion, as if it were an amusement to him. Then he must try war. Then he must travel into the savage regions that had so attracted him.
The result was, he found humanity very much alike everywhere, and to a mind like his, curious and cold, the savage was duller, less exciting than the European. So he took hold of all kinds of sociological ideas, and ideas of reform. But they never went more than skin-deep, they were never more than a mental amusement. Their interest lay chiefly in the reaction against the positive order, the destructive reaction.
He discovered at last a real adventure in the coal-mines. His father asked him to help in the firm. Gerald had been educated in the science of mining, and it had never interested him. Now, suddenly, with a sort of exultation136, he laid hold of the world.
There was impressed photographically on his consciousness the great industry. Suddenly, it was real, he was part of it. Down the valley ran the colliery railway, linking mine with mine. Down the railway ran the trains, short trains of heavily laden137 trucks, long trains of empty wagons138, each one bearing in big white letters the initials:
`C.B.&Co.'
These white letters on all the wagons he had seen since his first childhood, and it was as if he had never seen them, they were so familiar, and so ignored. Now at last he saw his own name written on the wall. Now he had a vision of power.
So many wagons, bearing his initial, running all over the country. He saw them as he entered London in the train, he saw them at Dover. So far his power ramified. He looked at Beldover, at Selby, at Whatmore, at Lethley Bank, the great colliery villages which depended entirely on his mines. They were hideous139 and sordid, during his childhood they had been sores in his consciousness. And now he saw them with pride. Four raw new towns, and many ugly industrial hamlets were crowded under his dependence. He saw the stream of miners flowing along the causeways from the mines at the end of the afternoon, thousands of blackened, slightly distorted human beings with red mouths, all moving subjugate140 to his will. He pushed slowly in his motor-car through the little market-top on Friday nights in Beldover, through a solid mass of human beings that were making their purchases and doing their weekly spending. They were all subordinate to him. They were ugly and uncouth141, but they were his instruments. He was the God of the machine. They made way for his motor-car automatically, slowly.
He did not care whether they made way with alacrity142, or grudgingly143. He did not care what they thought of him. His vision had suddenly crystallised. Suddenly he had conceived the pure instrumentality of mankind. There had been so much humanitarianism144, so much talk of sufferings and feelings. It was ridiculous. The sufferings and feelings of individuals did not matter in the least. They were mere145 conditions, like the weather. What mattered was the pure instrumentality of the individual. As a man as of a knife: does it cut well? Nothing else mattered.
Everything in the world has its function, and is good or not good in so far as it fulfils this function more or less perfectly. Was a miner a good miner? Then he was complete. Was a manager a good manager? That was enough. Gerald himself, who was responsible for all this industry, was he a good director? If he were, he had fulfilled his life. The rest was by-play.
The mines were there, they were old. They were giving out, it did not pay to work the seams. There was talk of closing down two of them. It was at this point that Gerald arrived on the scene.
He looked around. There lay the mines. They were old, obsolete146. They were like old lions, no more good. He looked again. Pah! the mines were nothing but the clumsy efforts of impure147 minds. There they lay, abortions148 of a half-trained mind. Let the idea of them be swept away. He cleared his brain of them, and thought only of the coal in the under earth. How much was there?
There was plenty of coal. The old workings could not get at it, that was all. Then break the neck of the old workings. The coal lay there in its seams, even though the seams were thin. There it lay, inert149 matter, as it had always lain, since the beginning of time, subject to the will of man. The will of man was the determining factor. Man was the archgod of earth. His mind was obedient to serve his will. Man's will was the absolute, the only absolute.
And it was his will to subjugate Matter to his own ends. The subjugation itself was the point, the fight was the be-all, the fruits of victory were mere results. It was not for the sake of money that Gerald took over the mines. He did not care about money, fundamentally. He was neither ostentatious nor luxurious150, neither did he care about social position, not finally. What he wanted was the pure fulfilment of his own will in the struggle with the natural conditions. His will was now, to take the coal out of the earth, profitably. The profit was merely the condition of victory, but the victory itself lay in the feat151 achieved. He vibrated with zest before the challenge. Every day he was in the mines, examining, testing, he consulted experts, he gradually gathered the whole situation into his mind, as a general grasps the plan of his campaign.
Then there was need for a complete break. The mines were run on an old system, an obsolete idea. The initial idea had been, to obtain as much money from the earth as would make the owners comfortably rich, would allow the workmen sufficient wages and good conditions, and would increase the wealth of the country altogether. Gerald's father, following in the second generation, having a sufficient fortune, had thought only of the men. The mines, for him, were primarily great fields to produce bread and plenty for all the hundreds of human beings gathered about them. He had lived and striven with his fellow owners to benefit the men every time. And the men had been benefited in their fashion. There were few poor, and few needy152. All was plenty, because the mines were good and easy to work. And the miners, in those days, finding themselves richer than they might have expected, felt glad and triumphant153. They thought themselves well-off, they congratulated themselves on their good-fortune, they remembered how their fathers had starved and suffered, and they felt that better times had come. They were grateful to those others, the pioneers, the new owners, who had opened out the pits, and let forth this stream of plenty.
But man is never satisfied, and so the miners, from gratitude154 to their owners, passed on to murmuring. Their sufficiency decreased with knowledge, they wanted more. Why should the master be so out-of-allproportion rich?
There was a crisis when Gerald was a boy, when the Masters' Federation155 closed down the mines because the men would not accept a reduction. This lock-out had forced home the new conditions to Thomas Crich. Belonging to the Federation, he had been compelled by his honour to close the pits against his men. He, the father, the Patriarch, was forced to deny the means of life to his sons, his people. He, the rich man who would hardly enter heaven because of his possessions, must now turn upon the poor, upon those who were nearer Christ than himself, those who were humble and despised and closer to perfection, those who were manly156 and noble in their labours, and must say to them: `Ye shall neither labour nor eat bread.'
It was this recognition of the state of war which really broke his heart. He wanted his industry to be run on love. Oh, he wanted love to be the directing power even of the mines. And now, from under the cloak of love, the sword was cynically157 drawn158, the sword of mechanical necessity.
This really broke his heart. He must have the illusion and now the illusion was destroyed. The men were not against him, but they were against the masters. It was war, and willy nilly he found himself on the wrong side, in his own conscience. Seething159 masses of miners met daily, carried away by a new religious impulse. The idea flew through them: `All men are equal on earth,' and they would carry the idea to its material fulfilment. After all, is it not the teaching of Christ? And what is an idea, if not the germ of action in the material world. `All men are equal in spirit, they are all sons of God. Whence then this obvious disquality?' It was a religious creed160 pushed to its material conclusion. Thomas Crich at least had no answer. He could but admit, according to his sincere tenets, that the disquality was wrong. But he could not give up his goods, which were the stuff of disquality. So the men would fight for their rights. The last impulses of the last religious passion left on earth, the passion for equality, inspired them.
Seething mobs of men marched about, their faces lighted up as for holy war, with a smoke of cupidity161. How disentangle the passion for equality from the passion of cupidity, when begins the fight for equality of possessions? But the God was the machine. Each man claimed equality in the Godhead of the great productive machine. Every man equally was part of this Godhead. But somehow, somewhere, Thomas Crich knew this was false. When the machine is the Godhead, and production or work is worship, then the most mechanical mind is purest and highest, the representative of God on earth. And the rest are subordinate, each according to his degree.
Riots broke out, Whatmore pit-head was in flames. This was the pit furthest in the country, near the woods. Soldiers came. From the windows of Shortlands, on that fatal day, could be seen the flare162 of fire in the sky not far off, and now the little colliery train, with the workmen's carriages which were used to convey the miners to the distant Whatmore, was crossing the valley full of soldiers, full of redcoats. Then there was the far-off sound of firing, then the later news that the mob was dispersed163, one man was shot dead, the fire was put out.
Gerald, who was a boy, was filled with the wildest excitement and delight. He longed to go with the soldiers to shoot the men. But he was not allowed to go out of the lodge gates. At the gates were stationed sentries164 with guns. Gerald stood near them in delight, whilst gangs of derisive165 miners strolled up and down the lanes, calling and jeering166:
`Now then, three ha'porth o'coppers, let's see thee shoot thy gun.' Insults were chalked on the walls and the fences, the servants left.
And all this while Thomas Crich was breaking his heart, and giving away hundreds of pounds in charity. Everywhere there was free food, a surfeit167 of free food. Anybody could have bread for asking, and a loaf cost only three-ha'pence. Every day there was a free tea somewhere, the children had never had so many treats in their lives. On Friday afternoon great basketfuls of buns and cakes were taken into the schools, and great pitchers168 of milk, the school children had what they wanted. They were sick with eating too much cake and milk.
And then it came to an end, and the men went back to work. But it was never the same as before. There was a new situation created, a new idea reigned169. Even in the machine, there should be equality. No part should be subordinate to any other part: all should be equal. The instinct for chaos had entered. Mystic equality lies in abstraction, not in having or in doing, which are processes. In function and process, one man, one part, must of necessity be subordinate to another. It is a condition of being. But the desire for chaos had risen, and the idea of mechanical equality was the weapon of disruption which should execute the will of man, the will for chaos.
Gerald was a boy at the time of the strike, but he longed to be a man, to fight the colliers. The father however was trapped between two halftruths, and broken. He wanted to be a pure Christian43, one and equal with all men. He even wanted to give away all he had, to the poor. Yet he was a great promoter of industry, and he knew perfectly that he must keep his goods and keep his authority. This was as divine a necessity in him, as the need to give away all he possessed -- more divine, even, since this was the necessity he acted upon. Yet because he did not act on the other ideal, it dominated him, he was dying of chagrin170 because he must forfeit171 it. He wanted to be a father of loving kindness and sacrificial benevolence172. The colliers shouted to him about his thousands a year. They would not be deceived.
When Gerald grew up in the ways of the world, he shifted the position. He did not care about the equality. The whole Christian attitude of love and self-sacrifice was old hat. He knew that position and authority were the right thing in the world, and it was useless to cant61 about it. They were the right thing, for the simple reason that they were functionally174 necessary. They were not the be-all and the end-all. It was like being part of a machine. He himself happened to be a controlling, central part, the masses of men were the parts variously controlled. This was merely as it happened. As well get excited because a central hub drives a hundred outer wheels or because the whole universe wheels round the sun. After all, it would be mere silliness to say that the moon and the earth and Saturn175 and Jupiter and Venus have just as much right to be the centre of the universe, each of them separately, as the sun. Such an assertion is made merely in the desire of chaos.
Without bothering to think to a conclusion, Gerald jumped to a conclusion. He abandoned the whole democratic-equality problem as a problem of silliness. What mattered was the great social productive machine. Let that work perfectly, let it produce a sufficiency of everything, let every man be given a rational portion, greater or less according to his functional173 degree or magnitude, and then, provision made, let the devil supervene, let every man look after his own amusements and appetites, so long as he interfered176 with nobody.
So Gerald set himself to work, to put the great industry in order. In his travels, and in his accompanying readings, he had come to the conclusion that the essential secret of life was harmony. He did not define to himself at all clearly what harmony was. The word pleased him, he felt he had come to his own conclusions. And he proceeded to put his philosophy into practice by forcing order into the established world, translating the mystic word harmony into the practical word organisation177.
Immediately he saw the firm, he realised what he could do. He had a fight to fight with Matter, with the earth and the coal it enclosed. This was the sole idea, to turn upon the inanimate matter of the underground, and reduce it to his will. And for this fight with matter, one must have perfect instruments in perfect organisation, a mechanism178 so subtle and harmonious179 in its workings that it represents the single mind of man, and by its relentless180 repetition of given movement, will accomplish a purpose irresistibly181, inhumanly182. It was this inhuman183 principle in the mechanism he wanted to construct that inspired Gerald with an almost religious exaltation. He, the man, could interpose a perfect, changeless, godlike medium between himself and the Matter he had to subjugate. There were two opposites, his will and the resistant184 Matter of the earth. And between these he could establish the very expression of his will, the incarnation of his power, a great and perfect machine, a system, an activity of pure order, pure mechanical repetition, repetition ad infinitum, hence eternal and infinite. He found his eternal and his infinite in the pure machineprinciple of perfect co-ordination into one pure, complex, infinitely repeated motion, like the spinning of a wheel; but a productive spinning, as the revolving185 of the universe may be called a productive spinning, a productive repetition through eternity186, to infinity187. And this is the Godmotion, this productive repetition ad infinitum. And Gerald was the God of the machine, Deus ex Machina. And the whole productive will of man was the Godhead.
He had his life-work now, to extend over the earth a great and perfect system in which the will of man ran smooth and unthwarted, timeless, a Godhead in process. He had to begin with the mines. The terms were given: first the resistant Matter of the underground; then the instruments of its subjugation, instruments human and metallic188; and finally his own pure will, his own mind. It would need a marvellous adjustment of myriad189 instruments, human, animal, metallic, kinetic190, dynamic, a marvellous casting of myriad tiny wholes into one great perfect entirety. And then, in this case there was perfection attained191, the will of the highest was perfectly fulfilled, the will of mankind was perfectly enacted192; for was not mankind mystically contra-distinguished against inanimate Matter, was not the history of mankind just the history of the conquest of the one by the other?
The miners were overreached. While they were still in the toils193 of divine equality of man, Gerald had passed on, granted essentially their case, and proceeded in his quality of human being to fulfil the will of mankind as a whole. He merely represented the miners in a higher sense when he perceived that the only way to fulfil perfectly the will of man was to establish the perfect, inhuman machine. But he represented them very essentially, they were far behind, out of date, squabbling for their material equality. The desire had already transmuted194 into this new and greater desire, for a perfect intervening mechanism between man and Matter, the desire to translate the Godhead into pure mechanism.
As soon as Gerald entered the firm, the convulsion of death ran through the old system. He had all his life been tortured by a furious and destructive demon, which possessed him sometimes like an insanity195. This temper now entered like a virus into the firm, and there were cruel eruptions196. Terrible and inhuman were his examinations into every detail; there was no privacy he would spare, no old sentiment but he would turn it over. The old grey managers, the old grey clerks, the doddering old pensioners197, he looked at them, and removed them as so much lumber198. The whole concern seemed like a hospital of invalid199 employees. He had no emotional qualms200. He arranged what pensions were necessary, he looked for efficient substitutes, and when these were found, he substituted them for the old hands.
`I've a pitiful letter here from Letherington,' his father would say, in a tone of deprecation and appeal. `Don't you think the poor fellow might keep on a little longer. I always fancied he did very well.'
`I've got a man in his place now, father. He'll be happier out of it, believe me. You think his allowance is plenty, don't you?'
`It is not the allowance that he wants, poor man. He feels it very much, that he is superannuated201. Says he thought he had twenty more years of work in him yet.'
`Not of this kind of work I want. He doesn't understand.'
The father sighed. He wanted not to know any more. He believed the pits would have to be overhauled202 if they were to go on working. And after all, it would be worst in the long run for everybody, if they must close down. So he could make no answer to the appeals of his old and trusty servants, he could only repeat `Gerald says.'
So the father drew more and more out of the light. The whole frame of the real life was broken for him. He had been right according to his lights. And his lights had been those of the great religion. Yet they seemed to have become obsolete, to be superseded203 in the world. He could not understand. He only withdrew with his lights into an inner room, into the silence. The beautiful candles of belief, that would not do to light the world any more, they would still burn sweetly and sufficiently in the inner room of his soul, and in the silence of his retirement204.
Gerald rushed into the reform of the firm, beginning with the office. It was needful to economise severely205, to make possible the great alterations206 he must introduce.
`What are these widows' coals?' he asked.
`We have always allowed all widows of men who worked for the firm a load of coals every three months.'
`They must pay cost price henceforward. The firm is not a charity institution, as everybody seems to think.'
Widows, these stock figures of sentimental207 humanitarianism, he felt a dislike at the thought of them. They were almost repulsive208. Why were they not immolated209 on the pyre of the husband, like the sati in India? At any rate, let them pay the cost of their coals.
In a thousand ways he cut down the expenditure210, in ways so fine as to be hardly noticeable to the men. The miners must pay for the cartage of their coals, heavy cartage too; they must pay for their tools, for the sharpening, for the care of lamps, for the many trifling211 things that made the bill of charges against every man mount up to a shilling or so in the week. It was not grasped very definitely by the miners, though they were sore enough. But it saved hundreds of pounds every week for the firm.
Gradually Gerald got hold of everything. And then began the great reform. Expert engineers were introduced in every department. An enormous electric plant was installed, both for lighting212 and for haulage underground, and for power. The electricity was carried into every mine. New machinery213 was brought from America, such as the miners had never seen before, great iron men, as the cutting machines were called, and unusual appliances. The working of the pits was thoroughly214 changed, all the control was taken out of the hands of the miners, the butty system was abolished. Everything was run on the most accurate and delicate scientific method, educated and expert men were in control everywhere, the miners were reduced to mere mechanical instruments. They had to work hard, much harder than before, the work was terrible and heart-breaking in its mechanicalness.
But they submitted to it all. The joy went out of their lives, the hope seemed to perish as they became more and more mechanised. And yet they accepted the new conditions. They even got a further satisfaction out of them. At first they hated Gerald Crich, they swore to do something to him, to murder him. But as time went on, they accepted everything with some fatal satisfaction. Gerald was their high priest, he represented the religion they really felt. His father was forgotten already. There was a new world, a new order, strict, terrible, inhuman, but satisfying in its very destructiveness. The men were satisfied to belong to the great and wonderful machine, even whilst it destroyed them. It was what they wanted. It was the highest that man had produced, the most wonderful and superhuman. They were exalted215 by belonging to this great and superhuman system which was beyond feeling or reason, something really godlike. Their hearts died within them, but their souls were satisfied. It was what they wanted. Otherwise Gerald could never have done what he did. He was just ahead of them in giving them what they wanted, this participation216 in a great and perfect system that subjected life to pure mathematical principles. This was a sort of freedom, the sort they really wanted. It was the first great step in undoing217, the first great phase of chaos, the substitution of the mechanical principle for the organic, the destruction of the organic purpose, the organic unity218, and the subordination of every organic unit to the great mechanical purpose. It was pure organic disintegration and pure mechanical organisation. This is the first and finest state of chaos.
Gerald was satisfied. He knew the colliers said they hated him. But he had long ceased to hate them. When they streamed past him at evening, their heavy boots slurring219 on the pavement wearily, their shoulders slightly distorted, they took no notice of him, they gave him no greeting whatever, they passed in a grey-black stream of unemotional acceptance. They were not important to him, save as instruments, nor he to them, save as a supreme220 instrument of control. As miners they had their being, he had his being as director. He admired their qualities. But as men, personalities221, they were just accidents, sporadic222 little unimportant phenomena223. And tacitly, the men agreed to this. For Gerald agreed to it in himself.
He had succeeded. He had converted the industry into a new and terrible purity. There was a greater output of coal than ever, the wonderful and delicate system ran almost perfectly. He had a set of really clever engineers, both mining and electrical, and they did not cost much. A highly educated man cost very little more than a workman. His managers, who were all rare men, were no more expensive than the old bungling224 fools of his father's days, who were merely colliers promoted. His chief manager, who had twelve hundred a year, saved the firm at least five thousand. The whole system was now so perfect that Gerald was hardly necessary any more.
It was so perfect that sometimes a strange fear came over him, and he did not know what to do. He went on for some years in a sort of trance of activity. What he was doing seemed supreme, he was almost like a divinity. He was a pure and exalted activity.
But now he had succeeded -- he had finally succeeded. And once or twice lately, when he was alone in the evening and had nothing to do, he had suddenly stood up in terror, not knowing what he was. And he went to the mirror and looked long and closely at his own face, at his own eyes, seeking for something. He was afraid, in mortal dry fear, but he knew not what of. He looked at his own face. There it was, shapely and healthy and the same as ever, yet somehow, it was not real, it was a mask. He dared not touch it, for fear it should prove to be only a composition mask. His eyes were blue and keen as ever, and as firm in their sockets225. Yet he was not sure that they were not blue false bubbles that would burst in a moment and leave clear annihilation. He could see the darkness in them, as if they were only bubbles of darkness. He was afraid that one day he would break down and be a purely meaningless babble226 lapping round a darkness.
But his will yet held good, he was able to go away and read, and think about things. He liked to read books about the primitive227 man, books of anthropology228, and also works of speculative229 philosophy. His mind was very active. But it was like a bubble floating in the darkness. At any moment it might burst and leave him in chaos. He would not die. He knew that. He would go on living, but the meaning would have collapsed230 out of him, his divine reason would be gone. In a strangely indifferent, sterile231 way, he was frightened. But he could not react even to the fear. It was as if his centres of feeling were drying up. He remained calm, calculative and healthy, and quite freely deliberate, even whilst he felt, with faint, small but final sterile horror, that his mystic reason was breaking, giving way now, at this crisis.
And it was a strain. He knew there was no equilibrium232. He would have to go in some direction, shortly, to find relief. Only Birkin kept the fear definitely off him, saved him his quick sufficiency in life, by the odd mobility233 and changeableness which seemed to contain the quintessence of faith. But then Gerald must always come away from Birkin, as from a Church service, back to the outside real world of work and life. There it was, it did not alter, and words were futilities. He had to keep himself in reckoning with the world of work and material life. And it became more and more difficult, such a strange pressure was upon him, as if the very middle of him were a vacuum, and outside were an awful tension.
He had found his most satisfactory relief in women. After a debauch234 with some desperate woman, he went on quite easy and forgetful. The devil of it was, it was so hard to keep up his interest in women nowadays. He didn't care about them any more. A Pussum was all right in her way, but she was an exceptional case, and even she mattered extremely little. No, women, in that sense, were useless to him any more. He felt that his mind needed acute stimulation235, before he could be physically roused.
住在贝多弗的厄秀拉和戈珍都有了一段空闲时间。在厄秀拉心目中，一时间伯金不存在了，他失去了自己的意义，对她来说变得无足轻重。厄秀拉又兴高采烈地按原样儿生活起来，跟他断了关系。
前一段时间戈珍几乎每时每刻都惦念着杰拉德·克里奇，甚至觉得自己跟他肉体上都产生了联系，可现在她拿杰拉德根本不当一回事了。她心里正酝酿着出走，试图过一种新型的生活。她心里一直有什么在警告她防止同杰拉德建立最终的关系。她感到最好是同他保持一种一般熟人的关系，这样做更明智。
她计划去圣·皮特斯堡的一位朋友那儿，那人跟她一样也是个雕塑家，同一位爱好宝石的俄国阔佬儿住在一起。那位俄国人放荡的情感生活对戈珍很有吸引力。她并不想到巴黎去，巴黎太枯燥，太令人生厌。她倒愿意去罗马、慕尼黑、维也纳、圣·皮特斯堡或莫斯科，圣·皮特斯堡和慕尼黑那儿她都有朋友，她给这两个朋友都写信问及住房的事。
她手里有一笔钱。她回家里来的一个目的就是攒钱。现在她已经卖出了几件作品，在各种展览中她都受到了好评。她知道如果去伦敦，她的作品会很时髦的。可是她太了解伦敦了，她想去别处。她有七十镑，对此别人一无所知。一得到朋友的消息，她就可以动身走了。别看她表面上温和平静，其实她的性格是躁动型的。
有一天姐妹两人到威利·格林的一个农家去买蜂蜜。女主人科克太太身躯肥胖，脸色苍白，鼻子很尖，人很滑头，满口的甜言蜜语，可这掩盖不住她猫一样狡猾的内心。她把姑娘们请进了她那间非常干净舒适的厨房里。屋里真是每个角落都那么干净、惬意。
“布朗温小姐，”她有点讨好地说，“回到老地方，还喜欢这儿吧？”
戈珍一听她说话就讨厌上她了。
“我无所谓。”她生硬地回答。
“是吗？嗨，我以为你会觉得这儿跟伦敦不一样的。你喜欢大地方儿的生活。我们嘛，不得不将就着在威利·格林和贝多弗过日子。你对我们这儿的小学校还喜欢吧，人们都爱念叨它。”
“我喜欢它？”戈珍扫了她一眼道，“你的意思是我觉得它不错？”
“对的，你的看法是什么？”
“我确实觉得这是一所挺不错的学校。”
戈珍感到很厌恶，态度很冷淡。她知道这儿的庸人们都讨厌学校。
“你真这样想啊！我可听人们议论的太多了，说什么的都有，能知道内部人的看法太好了。不过，意见也不一样吧？克里奇先生完全赞成。哦，可怜的人啊，我真怕他不久于世了。
他身体太不好了。”
“他的病又厉害了？”厄秀拉问。
“是啊，自从失去了迪安娜小姐他的病就重了，瘦得不成样子。可怜的人，他的烦恼太多了。”
“是吗？”戈珍有点嘲弄地说。
“他够烦恼的。你们还没见过象他那样和气的人呢。可是他的孩子们一点也不象他。”
“我觉得，他们都象他们的母亲。”厄秀拉说。
“好多方面都象，”科克太太压低嗓门儿说，“她可是个傲慢的女人哩，我敢说，一点不错！她这人可看不得，能跟她说上句话可不容易。”说着这女人做个鬼脸。
“她刚结婚时你认识她吗？”
“认识。我给她家当保姆，看大了三个孩子呢。那可是几个可怕的东西，小魔鬼，杰拉德是个从没见过的魔王，从六个月开始就那个样子。”那女人的话音里透着一种恶气。
“是吗？”戈珍说。
“他是个任性、霸道的孩子，刚六个月就指使得保姆团团转。又踢又叫，象个魔鬼一样折腾。他还是个吃奶的孩子时，我不知掐他的屁股多少回了。要是再多掐几次，也许他就变好了。可他母亲就是不肯改掉他的坏毛病，你说什么她也听不进去。我还记得她跟克里奇先生吵闹的样子呢。他实在气坏了，实在无法忍受了，就关起门来用鞭子抽他们。可是太太却象一只老虎一样在门外来来回回地游荡，一脸杀气腾腾的样子。门一开她就举着双手冲进去向先生大叫‘你这个胆小鬼，你把我的孩子怎么样了？’那样子真跟疯了一样。我敢说先生怕太太，他气疯了也不敢动她一手指头。想想仆人们过的是什么日子吧。一旦他们当中有人受惩罚我们怎么能不高兴呢？”
“真的！”戈珍说。
“什么事都有。如果你不让他们把桌子上的茶壶打碎，如果你不让他们用绳子拴着猫的脖子拉着乱转，如果他们要什么你不给什么，他们就好闹一场，然后他们的母亲就会进来问：‘他怎么了？你怎么他了？宝贝儿，怎么了？’问完了她会恶狠狠地看着你，恨不能把你踩在脚下。不过她倒是没把我踩在脚下。我是唯一能对付她的人。她自己是不会管孩子的，她才不找这份麻烦呢。可这些孩子太任性，他们可让人说不得，小霸王杰拉德可真不得了。他一岁半时我离开了他家，我实在受不了了。他小时候我拧过他的小屁股，我拧了，管不住他我就拧他，我一点也不惭愧——”
听到这儿戈珍愤愤然走了。“我拧了他的小屁股”这句话把她气坏了。她听不得这样的话。她恨不得把这女人赶出去绑起来。可这句话在她的脑子里永远生了根，赶也赶不走。她觉得哪一天要把这话告诉他，看他如何受得了。可一想到这一点，她又恨起自己来。
但是，在肖特兰兹，那场持久的斗争就要结束了。父亲病了，就要死了。间歇性的疼痛让他失去了活力，人已经不那么清醒了。沉寂渐渐笼罩了他的头脑，他对周围的事儿愈来愈无法注意了，病痛似乎吸走了他的活力，他知道这种疼痛何在，知道它会再回到自己身上。这疼痛象自己体内奔涌着的什么东西。可他没有力量或意志去把它找出来，更无法知道这是什么样的东西。它就藏在黑暗中，这巨痛时时撕裂他，然后又陷入平静中。每当它来撕扯自己，他就蜷缩起来忍着，一但它离去，他又拒绝知道它是何物。既然它是在黑暗中，那就不要去知道它好了。所以他从不承认有什么疼痛，只有他独处一隅时，当他全部的神经越来越恐怖时他才认可。在其它时候，他不过认为刚才疼了一下，过去了，没什么。有时这疼痛甚至更令他激动。
可病痛渐渐吞噬了他。渐渐地，他的力量都耗尽了，他被吹进了黑暗中，他的生命被吸走了，他被吸进黑暗中。在他生命的薄暮时节，他能看清的太少了。企业，他的工作都彻底地离他而去了。他对社会的兴趣业已消失，好象从来没有过一样。甚至他的家对他来说也陌生了，他只淡淡地记起某某某是他的子女。这些对他只是个历史事实，毫无生命意义了。要想弄清他们跟他的关系那非得花一番力气不可。甚至他的妻子对他来说也跟没有存在一样。她确实象他体内的黑暗和病痛一样。出于某种奇特的联想，他觉得他的病痛藏身之处与藏有他妻子的所在是一样的黑暗。他全部的思维和悟性都模糊了，现在他的妻子和那熬煎人的病痛变成了同一种黑暗的力量来对付他，而他以前从未正视过这股力量。他从未把这种恐惧驱赶开。他只知道有一个黑暗的地方，那里占据着什么东西，不时地出来撕扯他。可他从未敢穿破黑暗把这野兽赶出来，他反而忽视了它的存在。只是，他模模糊糊地感到，恐怖来自他的妻子，她会毁灭他，那病痛也是一股黑暗的毁灭力量。
他很少见到他的妻子。她有自己的一间屋。她只是偶尔来到他的房间，伸长脖子压低嗓门询问他情况如何。而他则三十年如一日地回答说：“哦，我不觉得情况有什么不好，亲爱的。”可他很怕她，表面上很平静，其实他怕她怕得要死。
但他一直信奉自己的处世哲学，他从没有在精神上垮下来。他就是现在死，他的精神也不会垮，他仍会明白自己对她的感情。一生中，他常常说：“可怜的克里斯蒂娜，她的脾气真是太倔犟了。”他对她始终是这样的态度，他用怜悯代替了仇恨，怜悯成了他的保护伞，成了他的常胜武器。他理智上仍然为她感到可怜，她的性子也太暴烈了。
可惜的是，如今，他的怜悯，他的生命都渐渐耗尽了，他开始感到可怕甚至恐怖。他就是死了，他的怜悯心也不会破灭，不会象一只壳虫那样被
收听单词发音 |
1
interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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zest
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| n.乐趣；滋味，风味；兴趣 | |
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veins
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| n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理 | |
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physically
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| adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律 | |
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sculptor
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| n.雕刻家，雕刻家 | |
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essentially
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| adv.本质上，实质上，基本上 | |
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placidity
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| n.平静，安静，温和 | |
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whining
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| n. 抱怨，牢骚 v. 哭诉，发牢骚 | |
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insinuating
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| adj.曲意巴结的，暗示的v.暗示( insinuate的现在分词 )；巧妙或迂回地潜入；（使）缓慢进入；慢慢伸入 | |
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abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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repelling
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| v.击退( repel的现在分词 )；使厌恶；排斥；推开 | |
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ironic
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| adj.讽刺的，有讽刺意味的，出乎意料的 | |
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haughty
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| adj.傲慢的，高傲的 | |
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demon
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| n.魔鬼，恶魔 | |
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malicious
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| adj.有恶意的，心怀恶意的 | |
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wilful
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| adj.任性的，故意的 | |
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torment
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| n.折磨；令人痛苦的东西(人)；vt.折磨；纠缠 | |
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trample
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| vt.踩，践踏；无视，伤害，侵犯 | |
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demons
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| n.恶人( demon的名词复数 )；恶魔；精力过人的人；邪念 | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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22
loathing
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| n.厌恶，憎恨v.憎恨，厌恶( loathe的现在分词)；极不喜欢 | |
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stony
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| adj.石头的，多石头的，冷酷的，无情的 | |
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lodged
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| v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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lodge
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| v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆 | |
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loathed
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| v.憎恨，厌恶( loathe的过去式和过去分词 )；极不喜欢 | |
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attentive
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| adj.注意的，专心的；关心(别人)的，殷勤的 | |
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vestige
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| n.痕迹，遗迹，残余 | |
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lurking
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| 潜在 | |
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crouched
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| v.屈膝，蹲伏( crouch的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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stimulated
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| a.刺激的 | |
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twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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extraneous
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| adj.体外的；外来的；外部的 | |
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blurred
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| v.（使）变模糊( blur的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）难以区分；模模糊糊；迷离 | |
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36
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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lair
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| n.野兽的巢穴；躲藏处 | |
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38
penetrate
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| v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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40
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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41
underneath
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| adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面 | |
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42
verge
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| n.边，边缘；v.接近，濒临 | |
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43
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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44
hostility
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| n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争 | |
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45
armour
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| （=armor）n.盔甲；装甲部队 | |
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46
chaos
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| n.混乱，无秩序 | |
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47
nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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48
salvation
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| n.（尤指基督）救世，超度，拯救，解困 | |
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49
idol
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| n.偶像，红人，宠儿 | |
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50
prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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51
hawk
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| n.鹰，骗子；鹰派成员 | |
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52
intensity
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| n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度 | |
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53
humiliation
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| n.羞辱 | |
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54
whined
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| v.哀号( whine的过去式和过去分词 )；哀诉，诉怨 | |
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55
parasitic
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| adj.寄生的 | |
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56
foul
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| adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规 | |
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57
cringing
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| adj.谄媚，奉承 | |
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58
lugubriously
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59
lugubrious
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| adj.悲哀的，忧郁的 | |
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60
ranger
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| n.国家公园管理员，护林员；骑兵巡逻队员 | |
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61
cant
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| n.斜穿，黑话，猛扔 | |
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62
groom
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| vt.给（马、狗等）梳毛，照料，使...整洁 | |
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rusty
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| adj.生锈的；锈色的；荒废了的 | |
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64
fowls
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| 鸟( fowl的名词复数 )； 禽肉； 既不是这； 非驴非马 | |
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65
scuttling
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| n.船底穿孔，打开通海阀（沉船用）v.使船沉没( scuttle的现在分词 )；快跑，急走 | |
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66
oust
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| vt.剥夺，取代，驱逐 | |
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67
gnaw
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| v.不断地啃、咬；使苦恼，折磨 | |
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68
miseries
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| n.痛苦( misery的名词复数 )；痛苦的事；穷困；常发牢骚的人 | |
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69
sordid
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| adj.肮脏的，不干净的，卑鄙的，暗淡的 | |
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70
recoiled
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| v.畏缩( recoil的过去式和过去分词 )；退缩；报应；返回 | |
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71
exclusion
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| n.拒绝，排除，排斥，远足，远途旅行 | |
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72
isolation
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| n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离 | |
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73
antagonism
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| n.对抗，敌对，对立 | |
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74
purely
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| adv.纯粹地，完全地 | |
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75
opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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76
sullenly
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| 不高兴地，绷着脸，忧郁地 | |
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77
sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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78
vitality
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| n.活力，生命力，效力 | |
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79
dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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80
chaste
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| adj.贞洁的；有道德的；善良的；简朴的 | |
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81
infinitely
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| adv.无限地，无穷地 | |
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82
interpretations
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| n.解释( interpretation的名词复数 )；表演；演绎；理解 | |
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83
collapse
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| vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷 | |
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84
subdued
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| adj. 屈服的，柔和的，减弱的 动词subdue的过去式和过去分词 | |
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85
subjugation
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| n.镇压，平息，征服 | |
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86
compassion
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| n.同情，怜悯 | |
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87
eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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88
implicitly
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| adv. 含蓄地, 暗中地, 毫不保留地 | |
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89
touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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90
dependence
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| n.依靠，依赖；信任，信赖；隶属 | |
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91
poignant
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| adj.令人痛苦的，辛酸的，惨痛的 | |
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92
supremacy
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| n.至上；至高权力 | |
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93
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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94
passionate
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的 | |
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95
ebbed
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| （指潮水）退( ebb的过去式和过去分词 )； 落； 减少； 衰落 | |
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96
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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97
unnatural
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| adj.不自然的；反常的 | |
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98
covert
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| adj.隐藏的；暗地里的 | |
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99
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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100
sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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101
craving
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| n.渴望,热望 | |
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102
obsession
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| n.困扰，无法摆脱的思想(或情感) | |
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103
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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104
contraction
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| n.缩略词，缩写式，害病 | |
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105
resentment
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| n.怨愤，忿恨 | |
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106
motive
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| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
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107
instinctive
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| adj.(出于)本能的；直觉的；(出于)天性的 | |
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108
faculty
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| n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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109
anarchist
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| n.无政府主义者 | |
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110
aristocrat
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| n.贵族，有贵族气派的人，上层人物 | |
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111
blithe
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| adj.快乐的，无忧无虑的 | |
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112
indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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113
deriving
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| v.得到( derive的现在分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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114
deliberately
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| adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地 | |
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115
anarchistic
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| 无政府主义的 | |
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116
attachment
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| n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附 | |
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117
solicitude
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| n.焦虑 | |
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118
graft
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| n.移植，嫁接，艰苦工作，贪污；v.移植，嫁接 | |
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119
utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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120
mutinous
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| adj.叛变的，反抗的；adv.反抗地，叛变地；n.反抗，叛变 | |
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121
unifying
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| 使联合( unify的现在分词 )； 使相同； 使一致； 统一 | |
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122
asunder
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| adj.分离的，化为碎片 | |
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123
disintegration
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| n.分散，解体 | |
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124
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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125
wrenching
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| n.修截苗根，苗木铲根（铲根时苗木不起土或部分起土）v.（猛力地）扭( wrench的现在分词 )；扭伤；使感到痛苦；使悲痛 | |
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126
penetrating
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|
| adj.（声音）响亮的，尖锐的adj.（气味）刺激的adj.（思想）敏锐的，有洞察力的 | |
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127
spasms
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| n.痉挛( spasm的名词复数 )；抽搐；（能量、行为等的）突发；发作 | |
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128
hatred
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| n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨 | |
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129
revert
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| v.恢复，复归，回到 | |
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130
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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131
odyssey
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| n.长途冒险旅行；一连串的冒险 | |
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132
rattling
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| adj. 格格作响的, 活泼的, 很好的 adv. 极其, 很, 非常 动词rattle的现在分词 | |
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133
heed
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| v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心 | |
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134
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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135
Oxford
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| n.牛津（英国城市） | |
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136
exultation
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| n.狂喜，得意 | |
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137
laden
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| adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的 | |
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138
wagons
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| n.四轮的运货马车( wagon的名词复数 )；铁路货车；小手推车 | |
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139
hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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140
subjugate
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| v.征服；抑制 | |
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141
uncouth
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| adj.无教养的，粗鲁的 | |
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142
alacrity
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| n.敏捷，轻快，乐意 | |
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143
grudgingly
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144
humanitarianism
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| n.博爱主义；人道主义；基督凡人论 | |
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145
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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146
obsolete
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| adj.已废弃的，过时的 | |
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147
impure
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| adj.不纯净的，不洁的；不道德的，下流的 | |
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148
abortions
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| n.小产( abortion的名词复数 )；小产胎儿；（计划）等中止或夭折；败育 | |
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149
inert
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| adj.无活动能力的，惰性的；迟钝的 | |
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150
luxurious
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| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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151
feat
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| n.功绩；武艺，技艺；adj.灵巧的，漂亮的，合适的 | |
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152
needy
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| adj.贫穷的，贫困的，生活艰苦的 | |
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153
triumphant
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| adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的 | |
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154
gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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155
federation
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| n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会 | |
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156
manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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157
cynically
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| adv.爱嘲笑地，冷笑地 | |
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158
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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159
seething
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| 沸腾的，火热的 | |
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160
creed
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| n.信条；信念，纲领 | |
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161
cupidity
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| n.贪心，贪财 | |
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162
flare
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| v.闪耀，闪烁；n.潮红；突发 | |
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163
dispersed
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| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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164
sentries
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| 哨兵，步兵( sentry的名词复数 ) | |
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165
derisive
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| adj.嘲弄的 | |
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166
jeering
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| adj.嘲弄的，揶揄的v.嘲笑( jeer的现在分词 ) | |
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167
surfeit
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| v.使饮食过度；n.(食物)过量，过度 | |
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168
pitchers
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| 大水罐( pitcher的名词复数 ) | |
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169
reigned
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| vi.当政，统治（reign的过去式形式） | |
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170
chagrin
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| n.懊恼；气愤；委屈 | |
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171
forfeit
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| vt.丧失；n.罚金，罚款，没收物 | |
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172
benevolence
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| n.慈悲，捐助 | |
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173
functional
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| adj.为实用而设计的，具备功能的，起作用的 | |
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174
functionally
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| adv.机能上地，官能地 | |
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175
Saturn
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| n.农神，土星 | |
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176
interfered
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| v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 )；调停；妨碍；干涉 | |
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177
organisation
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| n.组织，安排，团体，有机休 | |
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178
mechanism
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| n.机械装置；机构，结构 | |
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179
harmonious
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|
| adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的 | |
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180
relentless
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|
| adj.残酷的，不留情的，无怜悯心的 | |
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181
irresistibly
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| adv.无法抵抗地，不能自持地；极为诱惑人地 | |
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182
inhumanly
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| adv.无人情味地，残忍地 | |
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183
inhuman
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| adj.残忍的，不人道的，无人性的 | |
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184
resistant
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| adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的 | |
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185
revolving
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|
| adj.旋转的，轮转式的；循环的v.（使）旋转( revolve的现在分词 )；细想 | |
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186
eternity
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|
| n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷 | |
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187
infinity
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| n.无限，无穷，大量 | |
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188
metallic
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|
| adj.金属的；金属制的；含金属的；产金属的；像金属的 | |
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189
myriad
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| adj.无数的；n.无数，极大数量 | |
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190
kinetic
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| adj.运动的；动力学的 | |
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191
attained
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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192
enacted
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| 制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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193
toils
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| 网 | |
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194
transmuted
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| v.使变形，使变质，把…变成…( transmute的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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195
insanity
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| n.疯狂，精神错乱；极端的愚蠢，荒唐 | |
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196
eruptions
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| n.喷发，爆发( eruption的名词复数 ) | |
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197
pensioners
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| n.领取退休、养老金或抚恤金的人( pensioner的名词复数 ) | |
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198
lumber
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| n.木材，木料；v.以破旧东西堆满；伐木；笨重移动 | |
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199
invalid
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| n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的 | |
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200
qualms
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| n.不安；内疚 | |
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201
superannuated
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| adj.老朽的，退休的；v.因落后于时代而废除，勒令退学 | |
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202
overhauled
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| v.彻底检查( overhaul的过去式和过去分词 )；大修；赶上；超越 | |
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203
superseded
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| [医]被代替的，废弃的 | |
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204
retirement
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| n.退休，退职 | |
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205
severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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206
alterations
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| n.改动( alteration的名词复数 )；更改；变化；改变 | |
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207
sentimental
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| adj.多愁善感的，感伤的 | |
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208
repulsive
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| adj.排斥的，使人反感的 | |
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209
immolated
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| v.宰杀…作祭品( immolate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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210
expenditure
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| n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出；使用，消耗 | |
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211
trifling
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| adj.微不足道的；没什么价值的 | |
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212
lighting
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| n.照明，光线的明暗，舞台灯光 | |
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213
machinery
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| n.(总称)机械，机器；机构 | |
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214
thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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215
exalted
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| adj.(地位等)高的，崇高的；尊贵的，高尚的 | |
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216
participation
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| n.参与，参加，分享 | |
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217
undoing
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| n.毁灭的原因，祸根；破坏，毁灭 | |
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218
unity
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| n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调 | |
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219
slurring
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| 含糊地说出( slur的现在分词 )； 含糊地发…的声； 侮辱； 连唱 | |
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220
supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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221
personalities
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| n. 诽谤，（对某人容貌、性格等所进行的）人身攻击； 人身攻击；人格, 个性, 名人( personality的名词复数 ) | |
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222
sporadic
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| adj.偶尔发生的 [反]regular；分散的 | |
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223
phenomena
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| n.现象 | |
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224
bungling
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| adj.笨拙的，粗劣的v.搞糟，完不成( bungle的现在分词 )；笨手笨脚地做；失败；完不成 | |
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225
sockets
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| n.套接字，使应用程序能够读写与收发通讯协定(protocol)与资料的程序( Socket的名词复数 )；孔( socket的名词复数 )；（电器上的）插口；托座；凹穴 | |
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226
babble
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| v.含糊不清地说，胡言乱语地说，儿语 | |
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227
primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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228
anthropology
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| n.人类学 | |
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229
speculative
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|
| adj.思索性的，暝想性的，推理的 | |
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230
collapsed
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| adj.倒塌的 | |
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sterile
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| adj.不毛的，不孕的，无菌的，枯燥的，贫瘠的 | |
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equilibrium
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| n.平衡，均衡，相称，均势，平静 | |
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mobility
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| n.可动性，变动性，情感不定 | |
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debauch
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| v.使堕落，放纵 | |
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stimulation
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| n.刺激，激励，鼓舞 | |
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