IN one of my strolls with Kory-Kory, in passing along the border of a thick growth of bushes, my attention was arrested by a singular noise. On entering the thicket5 I witnessed for the first time the operation of tattooing as performed by these islanders.
I beheld6 a man extended flat upon his back on the ground, and, despite the forced composure of his countenance7, it was evident that he was suffering agony. His tormentor8 bent9 over him, working away for all the world like a stone-cutter with mallet10 and chisel11. In one hand he held a short slender stick, pointed12 with a shark’s tooth, on the upright end of which he tapped with a small hammer-like piece of wood, thus puncturing13 the skin, and charging it with the colouring matter in which the instrument was dipped. A cocoanut shell containing this fluid was placed upon the ground. It is prepared by mixing with a vegetable juice the ashes of the ‘armor’, or candle-nut, always preserved for the purpose. Beside the savage14, and spread out upon a piece of soiled tappa, were a great number of curious black-looking little implements15 of bone and wood, used in the various divisions of his art. A few terminated in a single fine point, and, like very delicate pencils, were employed in giving the finishing touches, or in operating upon the more sensitive portions of the body, as was the case in the present instance. Others presented several points distributed in a line, somewhat resembling the teeth of a saw. These were employed in the coarser parts of the work, and particularly in pricking16 in straight marks. Some presented their points disposed in small figures, and being placed upon the body, were, by a single blow of the hammer, made to leave their indelible impression. I observed a few the handles of which were mysteriously curved, as if intended to be introduced into the orifice of the ear, with a view perhaps of beating the tattoo2 upon the tympanum. Altogether the sight of these strange instruments recalled to mind that display of cruel-looking mother-of-pearl-handled things which one sees in their velvet-lined cases at the elbow of a dentist.
The artist was not at this time engaged on an original sketch17, his subject being a venerable savage, whose tattooing had become somewhat faded with age and needed a few repairs, and accordingly he was merely employed in touching18 up the works of some of the old masters of the Typee school, as delineated upon the human canvas before him. The parts operated upon were the eyelids19, where a longitudinal streak20, like the one which adorned21 Kory-Kory, crossed the countenance of the victim.
In spite of all the efforts of the poor old man, sundry22 twitchings and screwings of the muscles of the face denoted the exquisite23 sensibility of these shutters24 to the windows of his soul, which he was now having repainted. But the artist, with a heart as callous25 as that of an army surgeon, continued his performance, enlivening his labours with a wild chant, tapping away the while as merrily as a woodpecker.
So deeply engaged was he in his work, that he had not observed our approach, until, after having, enjoyed an unmolested view of the operation, I chose to attract his attention. As soon as he perceived me, supposing that I sought him in his professional capacity, he seized hold of me in a paroxysm of delight, and was an eagerness to begin the work. When, however, I gave him to understand that he had altogether mistaken my views, nothing could exceed his grief and disappointment. But recovering from this, he seemed determined26 not to credit my assertion, and grasping his implements, he flourished them about in fearful vicinity to my face, going through an imaginary performance of his art, and every moment bursting into some admiring exclamation27 at the beauty of his designs.
Horrified28 at the bare thought of being rendered hideous29 for life if the wretch30 were to execute his purpose upon me, I struggled to get away from him, while Kory-Kory, turning traitor31, stood by, and besought32 me to comply with the outrageous33 request. On my reiterated34 refusals the excited artist got half beside himself, and was overwhelmed with sorrow at losing so noble an opportunity of distinguishing himself in his profession.
The idea of engrafting his tattooing upon my white skin filled him with all a painter’s enthusiasm; again and again he gazed into my countenance, and every fresh glimpse seemed to add to the vehemence35 of his ambition. Not knowing to what extremities36 he might proceed, and shuddering37 at the ruin he might inflict38 upon my figure-head, I now endeavoured to draw off his attention from it, and holding out my arm in a fit of desperation, signed to him to commence operations. But he rejected the compromise indignantly, and still continued his attack on my face, as though nothing short of that would satisfy him. When his forefinger39 swept across my features, in laying out the borders of those parallel bands which were to encircle my countenance, the flesh fairly crawled upon my bones. At last, half wild with terror and indignation, I succeeded in breaking away from the three savages40, and fled towards old Marheyo’s house, pursued by the indomitable artist, who ran after me, implements in hand. Kory-Kory, however, at last interfered41 and drew him off from the chase.
This incident opened my eyes to a new danger; and I now felt convinced that in some luckless hour I should be disfigured in such a manner as never more to have the FACE to return to my countrymen, even should an opportunity offer.
These apprehensions42 were greatly increased by the desire which King Mehevi and several of the inferior chiefs now manifested that I should be tattooed44. The pleasure of the king was first signified to me some three days after my casual encounter with Karky the artist. Heavens! what imprecations I showered upon that Karky. Doubtless he had plotted a conspiracy45 against me and my countenance, and would never rest until his diabolical46 purpose was accomplished47. Several times I met him in various parts of the valley, and, invariably, whenever he descried48 me, he came running after me with his mallet and chisel, flourishing them about my face as if he longed to begin. What an object he would have made of me!
When the king first expressed his wish to me, I made known to him my utter abhorrence49 of the measure, and worked myself into such a state of excitement, that he absolutely stared at me in amazement50. It evidently surpassed his majesty51’s comprehension how any sober-minded and sensible individual could entertain the least possible objection to so beautifying an operation.
Soon afterwards he repeated his suggestion, and meeting with a little repulse52, showed some symptoms of displeasure at my obduracy53. On his a third time renewing his request, I plainly perceived that something must be done, or my visage was ruined for ever; I therefore screwed up my courage to the sticking point, and declared my willingness to have both arms tattooed from just above the wrist to the shoulder. His majesty was greatly pleased at the proposition, and I was congratulating myself with having thus compromised the matter, when he intimated that as a thing of course my face was first to undergo the operation. I was fairly driven to despair; nothing but the utter ruin of my ‘face divine’, as the poets call it, would, I perceived, satisfy the inexorable Mehevi and his chiefs, or rather, that infernal Karky, for he was at the bottom of it all.
The only consolation54 afforded me was a choice of patterns: I was at perfect liberty to have my face spanned by three horizontal bars, after the fashion of my serving-man’s; or to have as many oblique55 stripes slanting56 across it; or if, like a true courtier, I chose to model my style on that of royalty57, I might wear a sort of freemason badge upon my countenance in the shape of a mystic triangle. However, I would have none of these, though the king most earnestly impressed upon my mind that my choice was wholly unrestricted. At last, seeing my unconquerable repugnance58, he ceased to importune59 me.
But not so some other of the savages. Hardly a day passed but I was subjected to their annoying requests, until at last my existence became a burden to me; the pleasures I had previously60 enjoyed no longer afforded me delight, and all my former desire to escape from the valley now revived with additional force.
A fact which I soon afterwards learned augmented62 my apprehension43. The whole system of tattooing was, I found, connected with their religion; and it was evident, therefore, that they were resolved to make a convert of me.
In the decoration of the chiefs it seems to be necessary to exercise the most elaborate pencilling; while some of the inferior natives looked as if they had been daubed over indiscriminately with a house-painter’s brush. I remember one fellow who prided himself hugely upon a great oblong patch, placed high upon his back, and who always reminded me of a man with a blister63 of Spanish flies, stuck between his shoulders. Another whom I frequently met had the hollow of his eyes tattooed in two regular squares and his visual organs being remarkably64 brilliant, they gleamed forth65 from out this setting like a couple of diamonds inserted in ebony.
Although convinced that tattooing was a religious observance, still the nature of the connection between it and the superstitious66 idolatry of the people was a point upon which I could never obtain any information. Like the still more important system of the ‘Taboo3’, it always appeared inexplicable67 to me.
There is a marked similarity, almost an identity, between the religious institutions of most of the Polynesian islands, and in all exists the mysterious ‘Taboo’, restricted in its uses to a greater or less extent. So strange and complex in its arrangements is this remarkable68 system, that I have in several cases met with individuals who, after residing for years among the islands in the Pacific, and acquiring a considerable knowledge of the language, have nevertheless been altogether unable to give any satisfactory account of its operations. Situated69 as I was in the Typee valley, I perceived every hour the effects of this all-controlling power, without in the least comprehending it. Those effects were, indeed, wide-spread and universal, pervading70 the most important as well as the minutest transactions of life. The savage, in short, lives in the continual observance of its dictates71, which guide and control every action of his being.
For several days after entering the valley I had been saluted73 at least fifty times in the twenty-four hours with the talismanic74 word ‘Taboo’ shrieked75 in my ears, at some gross violation76 of its provisions, of which I had unconsciously been guilty. The day after our arrival I happened to hand some tobacco to Toby over the head of a native who sat between us. He started up, as if stung by an adder77; while the whole company, manifesting an equal degree of horror, simultaneously78 screamed out ‘Taboo!’ I never again perpetrated a similar piece of ill-manners, which, indeed, was forbidden by the canons of good breeding, as well as by the mandates79 of the taboo. But it was not always so easy to perceive wherein you had contravened80 the spirit of this institution. I was many times called to order, if I may use the phrase, when I could not for the life of me conjecture81 what particular offence I had committed.
One day I was strolling through a secluded82 portion of the valley, and hearing the musical sound of the cloth-mallet at a little distance, I turned down a path that conducted me in a few moments to a house where there were some half-dozen girls employed in making tappa. This was an operation I had frequently witnessed, and had handled the bark in all the various stages of its preparation. On the present occasion the females were intent upon their occupation, and after looking up and talking gaily83 to me for a few moments, they resumed their employment. I regarded them for a while in silence, and then carelessly picking up a handful of the material that lay around, proceeded unconsciously to pick it apart. While thus engaged, I was suddenly startled by a scream, like that of a whole boarding-school of young ladies just on the point of going into hysterics. Leaping up with the idea of seeing a score of Happar warriors84 about to perform anew the Sabine atrocity85, I found myself confronted by the company of girls, who, having dropped their work, stood before me with starting eyes, swelling86 bosoms87, and fingers pointed in horror towards me.
Thinking that some venomous reptile88 must be concealed89 in the bark which I held in my hand, I began cautiously to separate and examine it. Whilst I did so the horrified girls re-doubled their shrieks90. Their wild cries and frightened motions actually alarmed me, and throwing down the tappa, I was about to rush from the house, when in the same instant their clamours ceased, and one of them, seizing me by the arm, pointed to the broken fibres that had just fallen from my grasp, and screamed in my ears the fatal word Taboo!
I subsequently found out that the fabric91 they were engaged in making was of a peculiar92 kind, destined93 to be worn on the heads of the females, and through every stage of its manufacture was guarded by a rigorous taboo, which interdicted94 the whole masculine gender95 from even so much as touching it.
Frequently in walking through the groves96 I observed bread-fruit and cocoanut trees, with a wreath of leaves twined in a peculiar fashion about their trunks. This was the mark of the taboo. The trees themselves, their fruit, and even the shadows they cast upon the ground, were consecrated97 by its presence. In the same way a pipe, which the king had bestowed98 upon me, was rendered sacred in the eyes of the natives, none of whom could I ever prevail upon to smoke from it. The bowl was encircled by a woven band of grass, somewhat resembling those Turks’ heads occasionally worked in the handles of our whip-stalks.
A similar badge was once braided about my wrist by the royal hand of Mehevi himself, who, as soon as he had concluded the operation, pronounced me ‘Taboo’. This occurred shortly after Toby’s disappearance99; and, were it not that from the first moment I had entered the valley the natives had treated me with uniform kindness, I should have supposed that their conduct afterwards was to be ascribed to the fact that I had received this sacred investiture.
The capricious operations of the taboo are not its least remarkable feature: to enumerate100 them all would be impossible. Black hogs—infants to a certain age—women in an interesting situation—young men while the operation of tattooing their faces is going on—and certain parts of the valley during the continuance of a shower—are alike fenced about by the operation of the taboo.
I witnessed a striking instance of its effects in the bay of Tior, my visit to which place has been alluded101 to in a former part of this narrative102. On that occasion our worthy103 captain formed one of the party. He was a most insatiable sportsman. Outward bound, and off the pitch of Cape61 Horn, he used to sit on the taffrail, and keep the steward104 loading three or four old fowling105 pieces, with which he would bring down albatrosses, Cape pigeons, jays, petrels, and divers107 other marine108 fowl106, who followed chattering109 in our wake. The sailors were struck aghast at his impiety110, and one and all attributed our forty days’ beating about that horrid111 headland to his sacrilegious slaughter112 of these inoffensive birds.
At Tior he evinced the same disregard for the religious prejudices of the islanders, as he had previously shown for the superstitions113 of the sailors. Having heard that there were a considerable number of fowls114 in the valley the progeny115 of some cocks and hens accidentally left there by an English vessel116, and which, being strictly117 tabooed, flew about almost in a wild state—he determined to break through all restraints, and be the death of them. Accordingly, he provided himself with a most formidable looking gun, and announced his landing on the beach by shooting down a noble cock that was crowing what proved to be his own funeral dirge118, on the limb of an adjoining tree. ‘Taboo’, shrieked the affrighted savages. ‘Oh, hang your taboo,’ says the nautical119 sportsman; ‘talk taboo to the marines’; and bang went the piece again, and down came another victim. At this the natives ran scampering120 through the groves, horror-struck at the enormity of the act.
All that afternoon the rocky sides of the valley rang with successive reports, and the superb plumage of many a beautiful fowl was ruffled121 by the fatal bullet. Had it not been that the French admiral, with a large party, was then in the glen, I have no doubt that the natives, although their tribe was small and dispirited, would have inflicted122 summary vengeance123 upon the man who thus outraged124 their most sacred institutions; as it was, they contrived125 to annoy him not a little.
Thirsting with his exertions126, the skipper directed his steps to a stream; but the savages, who had followed at a little distance, perceiving his object, rushed towards him and forced him away from its bank—his lips would have polluted it. Wearied at last, he sought to enter a house that he might rest for a while on the mats; its inmates127 gathered tumultuously about the door and denied him admittance. He coaxed128 and blustered129 by turns, but in vain; the natives were neither to be intimidated130 nor appeased131, and as a final resort he was obliged to call together his boat’s crew, and pull away from what he termed the most infernal place he ever stepped upon.
Lucky was it for him and for us that we were not honoured on our departure by a salute72 of stones from the hands of the exasperated132 Tiors. In this way, on the neighbouring island of Ropo, were killed, but a few weeks previously, and for a nearly similar offence, the master and three of the crew of the K—-.
I cannot determine with anything approaching to certainty, what power it is that imposes the taboo. When I consider the slight disparity of condition among the islanders—the very limited and inconsiderable prerogatives133 of the king and chiefs—and the loose and indefinite functions of the priesthood, most of whom were hardly to be distinguished134 from the rest of their countrymen, I am wholly at a loss where to look for the authority which regulates this potent135 institution. It is imposed upon something today, and withdrawn136 tomorrow; while its operations in other cases are perpetual. Sometimes its restrictions137 only affect a single individual—sometimes a particular family—sometimes a whole tribe; and in a few instances they extend not merely over the various clans138 on a single island, but over all the inhabitants of an entire group. In illustration of this latter peculiarity139, I may cite the law which forbids a female to enter a canoe—a prohibition140 which prevails upon all the northern Marquesas Islands.
The word itself (taboo) is used in more than one signification. It is sometimes used by a parent to his child, when in the exercise of parental141 authority he forbids it to perform a particular action. Anything opposed to the ordinary customs of the islanders, although not expressly prohibited, is said to be ‘taboo’.
The Typee language is one very difficult to be acquired; it bears a close resemblance to the other Polynesian dialects, all of which show a common origin. The duplication of words, as ‘lumee lumee’, ‘poee poee’, ‘muee muee’, is one of their peculiar features. But another, and a more annoying one, is the different senses in which one and the same word is employed; its various meanings all have a certain connection, which only makes the matter more puzzling. So one brisk, lively little word is obliged, like a servant in a poor family, to perform all sorts of duties; for instance, one particular combination of syllables142 expresses the ideas of sleep, rest, reclining, sitting, leaning, and all other things anywise analogous143 thereto, the particular meaning being shown chiefly by a variety of gestures and the eloquent144 expression of the countenance.
The intricacy of these dialects is another peculiarity. In the Missionary145 College at Lahainaluna, on Mowee, one of the Sandwich Islands, I saw a tabular exhibition of a Hawiian verb, conjugated146 through all its moods and tenses. It covered the side of a considerable apartment, and I doubt whether Sir William Jones himself would not have despaired of mastering it.
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1
tattooing
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| n.刺字，文身v.刺青，文身( tattoo的现在分词 )；连续有节奏地敲击；作连续有节奏的敲击 | |
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2
tattoo
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| n.纹身，(皮肤上的)刺花纹；vt.刺花纹于 | |
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taboo
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| n.禁忌，禁止接近，禁止使用；adj.禁忌的；v.禁忌，禁制，禁止 | |
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anecdotes
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| n.掌故，趣闻，轶事( anecdote的名词复数 ) | |
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thicket
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| n.灌木丛，树林 | |
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beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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7
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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tormentor
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| n. 使苦痛之人, 使苦恼之物, 侧幕 =tormenter | |
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bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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mallet
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| n.槌棒 | |
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chisel
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| n.凿子；v.用凿子刻，雕，凿 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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puncturing
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| v.在（某物）上穿孔( puncture的现在分词 )；刺穿（某物）；削弱（某人的傲气、信心等）；泄某人的气 | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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implements
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| n.工具( implement的名词复数 )；家具；手段；[法律]履行（契约等）v.实现( implement的第三人称单数 )；执行；贯彻；使生效 | |
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pricking
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| 刺，刺痕，刺痛感 | |
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sketch
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| n.草图；梗概；素描；v.素描；概述 | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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eyelids
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| n.眼睑( eyelid的名词复数 )；眼睛也不眨一下；不露声色；面不改色 | |
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streak
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| n.条理，斑纹，倾向，少许，痕迹；v.加条纹，变成条纹，奔驰，快速移动 | |
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adorned
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| [计]被修饰的 | |
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sundry
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| adj.各式各样的，种种的 | |
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exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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shutters
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| 百叶窗( shutter的名词复数 )； （照相机的）快门 | |
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callous
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| adj.无情的，冷淡的，硬结的，起老茧的 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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exclamation
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| n.感叹号，惊呼，惊叹词 | |
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horrified
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| a.(表现出)恐惧的 | |
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hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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wretch
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| n.可怜的人，不幸的人；卑鄙的人 | |
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traitor
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| n.叛徒，卖国贼 | |
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besought
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| v.恳求，乞求（某事物）( beseech的过去式和过去分词 )；(beseech的过去式与过去分词) | |
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outrageous
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| adj.无理的，令人不能容忍的 | |
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reiterated
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| 反复地说，重申( reiterate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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vehemence
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| n.热切；激烈；愤怒 | |
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extremities
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| n.端点( extremity的名词复数 )；尽头；手和足；极窘迫的境地 | |
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37
shuddering
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| v.战栗( shudder的现在分词 )；发抖；（机器、车辆等）突然震动；颤动 | |
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38
inflict
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| vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担 | |
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39
forefinger
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| n.食指 | |
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40
savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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41
interfered
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| v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 )；调停；妨碍；干涉 | |
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42
apprehensions
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| 疑惧 | |
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43
apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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44
tattooed
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| v.刺青，文身( tattoo的过去式和过去分词 )；连续有节奏地敲击；作连续有节奏的敲击 | |
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45
conspiracy
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| n.阴谋，密谋，共谋 | |
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46
diabolical
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| adj.恶魔似的，凶暴的 | |
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47
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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48
descried
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| adj.被注意到的，被发现的，被看到的 | |
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49
abhorrence
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| n.憎恶；可憎恶的事 | |
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50
amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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51
majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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52
repulse
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| n.击退，拒绝；vt.逐退，击退，拒绝 | |
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53
obduracy
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| n.冷酷无情，顽固，执拗 | |
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54
consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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55
oblique
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| adj.斜的，倾斜的，无诚意的，不坦率的 | |
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56
slanting
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| 倾斜的，歪斜的 | |
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57
royalty
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| n.皇家，皇族 | |
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58
repugnance
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| n.嫌恶 | |
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59
importune
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| v.强求；不断请求 | |
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60
previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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61
cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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62
Augmented
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| adj.增音的 动词augment的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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63
blister
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| n.水疱；(油漆等的)气泡；v.(使)起泡 | |
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64
remarkably
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| ad.不同寻常地，相当地 | |
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65
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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66
superstitious
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| adj.迷信的 | |
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67
inexplicable
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| adj.无法解释的，难理解的 | |
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68
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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69
situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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70
pervading
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| v.遍及，弥漫( pervade的现在分词 ) | |
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71
dictates
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| n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布 | |
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72
salute
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| vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮 | |
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73
saluted
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| v.欢迎，致敬( salute的过去式和过去分词 )；赞扬，赞颂 | |
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74
talismanic
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| adj.护身符的，避邪的 | |
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75
shrieked
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| v.尖叫( shriek的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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76
violation
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| n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯 | |
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77
adder
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| n.蝰蛇；小毒蛇 | |
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78
simultaneously
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| adv.同时发生地，同时进行地 | |
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79
mandates
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| 托管（mandate的第三人称单数形式） | |
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80
contravened
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| v.取消，违反( contravene的过去式 ) | |
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81
conjecture
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| n./v.推测，猜测 | |
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82
secluded
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| adj.与世隔绝的；隐退的；偏僻的v.使隔开，使隐退( seclude的过去式和过去分词) | |
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83
gaily
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| adv.欢乐地，高兴地 | |
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84
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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85
atrocity
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| n.残暴，暴行 | |
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86
swelling
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| n.肿胀 | |
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87
bosoms
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| 胸部( bosom的名词复数 )； 胸怀； 女衣胸部（或胸襟）； 和爱护自己的人在一起的情形 | |
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88
reptile
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| n.爬行动物；两栖动物 | |
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89
concealed
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| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
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90
shrieks
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| n.尖叫声( shriek的名词复数 )v.尖叫( shriek的第三人称单数 ) | |
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91
fabric
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| n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织 | |
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92
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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93
destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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94
interdicted
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| v.禁止（行动）( interdict的过去式和过去分词 )；禁用；限制 | |
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95
gender
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| n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性 | |
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96
groves
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| 树丛，小树林( grove的名词复数 ) | |
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97
consecrated
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| adj.神圣的，被视为神圣的v.把…奉为神圣，给…祝圣( consecrate的过去式和过去分词 )；奉献 | |
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98
bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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99
disappearance
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| n.消失，消散，失踪 | |
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100
enumerate
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| v.列举，计算，枚举，数 | |
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101
alluded
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| 提及，暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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102
narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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103
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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104
steward
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| n.乘务员，服务员；看管人；膳食管理员 | |
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105
fowling
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| 捕鸟，打鸟 | |
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106
fowl
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| n.家禽，鸡，禽肉 | |
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107
divers
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| adj.不同的；种种的 | |
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108
marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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109
chattering
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| n. （机器振动发出的）咔嗒声，(鸟等)鸣，啁啾 adj. 喋喋不休的，啾啾声的 动词chatter的现在分词形式 | |
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110
impiety
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| n.不敬；不孝 | |
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111
horrid
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| adj.可怕的；令人惊恐的；恐怖的；极讨厌的 | |
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112
slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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113
superstitions
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| 迷信，迷信行为( superstition的名词复数 ) | |
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114
fowls
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| 鸟( fowl的名词复数 )； 禽肉； 既不是这； 非驴非马 | |
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115
progeny
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| n.后代，子孙；结果 | |
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116
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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117
strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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118
dirge
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| n.哀乐，挽歌，庄重悲哀的乐曲 | |
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119
nautical
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| adj.海上的，航海的，船员的 | |
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120
scampering
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| v.蹦蹦跳跳地跑，惊惶奔跑( scamper的现在分词 ) | |
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121
ruffled
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| adj. 有褶饰边的, 起皱的 动词ruffle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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122
inflicted
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| 把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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123
vengeance
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| n.报复，报仇，复仇 | |
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124
outraged
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| a.震惊的，义愤填膺的 | |
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125
contrived
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| adj.不自然的，做作的；虚构的 | |
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126
exertions
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| n.努力( exertion的名词复数 )；费力；（能力、权力等的）运用；行使 | |
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127
inmates
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| n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 ) | |
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128
coaxed
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| v.哄，用好话劝说( coax的过去式和过去分词 )；巧言骗取；哄劝，劝诱 | |
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129
blustered
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| v.外强中干的威吓( bluster的过去式和过去分词 )；咆哮；（风）呼啸；狂吹 | |
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130
intimidated
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| v.恐吓；威胁adj.害怕的；受到威胁的 | |
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131
appeased
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| 安抚，抚慰( appease的过去式和过去分词 )； 绥靖（满足另一国的要求以避免战争） | |
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132
exasperated
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| adj.恼怒的 | |
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133
prerogatives
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| n.权利( prerogative的名词复数 )；特权；大主教法庭；总督委任组成的法庭 | |
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134
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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135
potent
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| adj.强有力的，有权势的；有效力的 | |
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136
withdrawn
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| vt.收回；使退出；vi.撤退，退出 | |
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137
restrictions
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| 约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则） | |
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138
clans
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| 宗族( clan的名词复数 )； 氏族； 庞大的家族； 宗派 | |
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139
peculiarity
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| n.独特性，特色；特殊的东西；怪癖 | |
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140
prohibition
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| n.禁止；禁令，禁律 | |
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141
parental
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| adj.父母的；父的；母的 | |
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142
syllables
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| n.音节( syllable的名词复数 ) | |
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143
analogous
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| adj.相似的；类似的 | |
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144
eloquent
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| adj.雄辩的，口才流利的；明白显示出的 | |
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145
missionary
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| adj.教会的，传教(士)的；n.传教士 | |
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146
conjugated
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| adj.共轭的，成对的v.列出（动词的）变化形式( conjugate的过去式和过去分词 )；结合，联合，熔化 | |
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