THE INNOCENT AND THE GUILTY.
Triumph of the Murderers.—Danger of Joutel.—Joutel among the Cenis.—White Savages2.—Insolence of Duhaut and his Accomplices3.—Murder of Duhaut and Liotot.—Hiens, the Buccaneer.—Joutel and his Party: their Escape; they reach the Arkansas.—Bravery and Devotion of Tonty.—The Fugitives6 reach the Illinois.—Unworthy Conduct of Cavelier.—He and his Companions return to France.
Father Anastase Douay returned to the camp, and, aghast with grief and terror, rushed into the hut of Cavelier. "My poor brother is dead!" cried the priest, instantly divining the catastrophe7 from the horror-stricken face of the messenger. Close behind came the murderers, Duhaut at their head. Cavelier, his young nephew, and Douay himself, all fell on their knees, expecting instant death. The priest begged piteously for half an hour to prepare for his end; but terror and submission8 sufficed, and no more blood was shed. The camp yielded without resistance; and Duhaut was lord of all. In truth, there were none to oppose him; for, except the assassins themselves, the party was now reduced to six [Pg 436] persons,—Joutel, Douay, the elder Cavelier, his young nephew, and two other boys, the orphan9 Talon10 and a lad called Barthelemy.
DOUBT AND ANXIETY.
Joutel, for the moment, was absent; and L'Archevêque, who had a kindness for him, went quietly to seek him. He found him on a hillock, making a fire of dried grass in order that the smoke might guide La Salle on his return, and watching the horses grazing in the meadow below. "I was very much surprised," writes Joutel, "when I saw him approaching. When he came up to me he seemed all in confusion, or, rather, out of his wits. He began with saying that there was very bad news. I asked what it was. He answered that the Sieur de la Salle was dead, and also his nephew the Sieur de Moranget, his Indian hunter, and his servant. I was petrified11, and did not know what to say; for I saw that they had been murdered. The man added that, at first, the murderers had sworn to kill me too. I easily believed it, for I had always been in the interest of M. de la Salle, and had commanded in his place; and it is hard to please everybody, or prevent some from being dissatisfied. I was greatly perplexed12 as to what I ought to do, and whether I had not better escape to the woods, whithersoever God should guide me; but, by bad or good luck, I had no gun and only one pistol, without balls or powder except what was in my powder-horn. To whatever side I turned, my life was in great peril13. It is true that L'Archevêque assured me that they [Pg 437] had changed their minds, and had agreed to murder nobody else, unless they met with resistance. So, being in no condition, as I just said, to go far, having neither arms nor powder, I abandoned myself to Providence14, and went back to the camp, where I found that these wretched murderers had seized everything belonging to M. de la Salle, and even my personal effects. They had also taken possession of all the arms. The first words that Duhaut said to me were, that each should command in turn; to which I made no answer. I saw M. Cavelier praying in a corner, and Father Anastase in another. He did not dare to speak to me, nor did I dare to go towards him till I had seen the designs of the assassins. They were in furious excitement, but, nevertheless, very uneasy and embarrassed. I was some time without speaking, and, as it were, without moving, for fear of giving umbrage16 to our enemies.
"They had cooked some meat, and when it was supper-time they distributed it as they saw fit, saying that formerly17 their share had been served out to them, but that it was they who would serve it out in future. They, no doubt, wanted me to say something that would give them a chance to make a noise; but I managed always to keep my mouth closed. When night came and it was time to stand guard, they were in perplexity, as they could not do it alone; therefore they said to M. Cavelier, Father Anastase, me, and the others who were not in the plot with them, that all we had to do was to stand [Pg 438] guard as usual; that there was no use in thinking about what had happened,—that what was done was done; that they had been driven to it by despair, and that they were sorry for it, and meant no more harm to anybody. M. Cavelier took up the word, and told them that when they killed M. de la Salle they killed themselves, for there was nobody but him who could get us out of this country. At last, after a good deal of talk on both sides, they gave us our arms. So we stood guard; during which, M. Cavelier told me how they had come to the camp, entered his hut like so many madmen, and seized everything in it."
Joutel, Douay, and the two Caveliers spent a sleepless18 night, consulting as to what they should do. They mutually pledged themselves to stand by each other to the last, and to escape as soon as they could from the company of the assassins. In the morning, Duhaut and his accomplices, after much discussion, resolved to go to the Cenis villages; and, accordingly, the whole party broke up their camp, packed their horses, and began their march. They went five leagues, and encamped at the edge of a grove20. On the following day they advanced again till noon, when heavy rains began, and they were forced to stop by the banks of a river. "We passed the night and the next day there," says Joutel; "and during that time my mind was possessed21 with dark thoughts. It was hard to prevent ourselves from being in constant fear among such men, and we could not look at [Pg 439] them without horror. When I thought of the cruel deeds they had committed, and the danger we were in from them, I longed to revenge the evil they had done us. This would have been easy while they were asleep; but M. Cavelier dissuaded22 us, saying that we ought to leave vengeance23 to God, and that he himself had more to revenge than we, having lost his brother and his nephew."
JOURNEY TO THE CENIS.
The comic alternated with the tragic24. On the twenty-third, they reached the bank of a river too deep to ford25. Those who knew how to swim crossed without difficulty, but Joutel, Cavelier, and Douay were not of the number. Accordingly, they launched a log of light, dry wood, embraced it with one arm, and struck out for the other bank with their legs and the arm that was left free. But the friar became frightened. "He only clung fast to the aforesaid log," says Joutel, "and did nothing to help us forward. While I was trying to swim, my body being stretched at full length, I hit him in the belly26 with my feet; on which he thought it was all over with him, and, I can answer for it, he invoked27 Saint Francis with might and main. I could not help laughing, though I was myself in danger of drowning." Some Indians who had joined the party swam to the rescue, and pushed the log across.
The path to the Cenis villages was exceedingly faint, and but for the Indians they would have lost the way. They crossed the main stream of the Trinity in a boat of raw hides, and then, being short [Pg 440] of provisions, held a council to determine what they should do. It was resolved that Joutel, with Hiens, Liotot, and Teissier, should go in advance to the villages and buy a supply of corn. Thus, Joutel found himself doomed28 to the company of three villains29, who, he strongly suspected, were contriving30 an opportunity to kill him; but, as he had no choice, he dissembled his doubts, and set out with his sinister31 companions, Duhaut having first supplied him with goods for the intended barter33.
JOUTEL AND THE CENIS.
They rode over hills and plains till night, encamped, supped on a wild turkey, and continued their journey till the afternoon of the next day, when they saw three men approaching on horseback, one of whom, to Joutel's alarm, was dressed like a Spaniard. He proved, however, to be a Cenis Indian, like the others. The three turned their horses' heads, and accompanied the Frenchmen on their way. At length they neared the Indian town, which, with its large thatched lodges36, looked like a cluster of gigantic haystacks. Their approach had been made known, and they were received in solemn state. Twelve of the elders came to meet them in their dress of ceremony, each with his face daubed red or black, and his head adorned37 with painted plumes38. From their shoulders hung deer-skins wrought39 with gay colors. Some carried war-clubs; some, bows and arrows; some, the blades of Spanish rapiers, attached to wooden handles decorated with hawk's bells and bunches of feathers. They stopped [Pg 441] before the honored guests, and, raising their hands aloft, uttered howls so extraordinary that Joutel could hardly preserve the gravity which the occasion demanded. Having next embraced the Frenchmen, the elders conducted them into the village, attended by a crowd of warriors40 and young men; ushered41 them into their town-hall, a large lodge35, devoted42 to councils, feasts, dances, and other public assemblies; seated them on mats, and squatted43 in a ring around them. Here they were regaled with sagamite or Indian porridge, corn-cake, beans, bread made of the meal of parched44 corn, and another kind of bread made of the kernels45 of nuts and the seed of sunflowers. Then the pipe was lighted, and all smoked together. The four Frenchmen proposed to open a traffic for provisions, and their entertainers grunted46 assent47.
Joutel found a Frenchman in the village. He was a young man from Provence, who had deserted48 from La Salle on his last journey, and was now, to all appearance, a savage1 like his adopted countrymen, being naked like them, and affecting to have forgotten his native language. He was very friendly, however, and invited the visitors to a neighboring village, where he lived, and where, as he told them, they would find a better supply of corn. They accordingly set out with him, escorted by a crowd of Indians. They saw lodges and clusters of lodges scattered49 along their path at intervals51, each with its field of corn, beans, and pumpkins52, rudely cultivated [Pg 442] with a wooden hoe. Reaching their destination, which was four or five leagues distant, they were greeted with the same honors as at the first village, and, the ceremonial of welcome over, were lodged53 in the abode54 of the savage Frenchman. It is not to be supposed, however, that he and his squaws, of whom he had a considerable number, dwelt here alone; for these lodges of the Cenis often contained eight or ten families. They were made by firmly planting in a circle tall, straight young trees, such as grew in the swamps. The tops were then bent55 inward and lashed56 together; great numbers of cross-pieces were bound on; and the frame thus constructed was thickly covered with thatch34, a hole being left at the top for the escape of the smoke. The inmates57 were ranged around the circumference58 of the structure, each family in a kind of stall, open in front, but separated from those adjoining it by partitions of mats. Here they placed their beds of cane5, their painted robes of buffalo59 and deer-skin, their cooking utensils60 of pottery61, and other household goods; and here, too, the head of the family hung his bow, quiver, lance, and shield. There was nothing in common but the fire, which burned in the middle of the lodge, and was never suffered to go out. These dwellings63 were of great size, and Joutel declares that he has seen some of them sixty feet in diameter.[332]
[Pg 443]
It was in one of the largest that the four travellers were now lodged. A place was assigned them where to bestow64 their baggage; and they took possession of their quarters amid the silent stares of the whole community. They asked their renegade countryman, the Proven?al, if they were safe. He replied that they were; but this did not wholly reassure65 them, and they spent a somewhat wakeful night. In the morning, they opened their budgets, and began a brisk trade in knives, awls, beads66, and other trinkets, which they exchanged for corn and beans. Before evening, they had acquired a considerable stock; and Joutel's three companions declared their intention of returning with it to the camp, leaving him to continue the trade. They went, accordingly, in the morning; and Joutel was left alone. On the one hand, he was glad to be rid of them; on the other, he found his position among the Cenis very irksome, and, as he thought, insecure. Besides the Proven?al, who had gone with Liotot and his companions, there were two other French deserters among this tribe, and Joutel was very desirous to see them, hoping that they could tell him the way to the Mississippi; [Pg 444] for he was resolved to escape, at the first opportunity, from the company of Duhaut and his accomplices. He therefore made the present of a knife to a young Indian, whom he sent to find the two Frenchmen and invite them to come to the village. Meanwhile he continued his barter, but under many difficulties; for he could only explain himself by signs, and his customers, though friendly by day, pilfered67 his goods by night. This, joined to the fears and troubles which burdened his mind, almost deprived him of sleep, and, as he confesses, greatly depressed68 his spirits. Indeed, he had little cause for cheerfulness as to the past, present, or future. An old Indian, one of the patriarchs of the tribe, observing his dejection and anxious to relieve it, one evening brought him a young wife, saying that he made him a present of her. She seated herself at his side; "but," says Joutel, "as my head was full of other cares and anxieties, I said nothing to the poor girl. She waited for a little time; and then, finding that I did not speak a word, she went away."[333]
WHITE SAVAGES.
Late one night, he lay between sleeping and waking on the buffalo-robe that covered his bed of canes69. All around the great lodge, its inmates were buried in sleep; and the fire treasured scalp-locks, the spear and war-club, and shield of whitened bull-hide—that hung by each warrior's resting-place. Such was the weird70 [Pg 445] scene that lingered on the dreamy eyes of Joutel, as he closed them at last in a troubled sleep. The sound of a footstep soon wakened him; and, turning, he saw at his side the figure of a naked savage, armed with a bow and arrows. Joutel spoke71, but received no answer. Not knowing what to think, he reached out his hand for his pistols; on which the intruder withdrew, and seated himself by the fire. Thither72 Joutel followed; and as the light fell on his features, he looked at him closely. His face was tattooed73, after the Cenis fashion, in lines drawn74 from the top of the forehead and converging75 to the chin; and his body was decorated with similar embellishments. Suddenly, this supposed Indian rose and threw his arms around Joutel's neck, making himself known, at the same time, as one of the Frenchmen who had deserted from La Salle and taken refuge among the Cenis. He was a Breton sailor named Ruter. His companion, named Grollet, also a sailor, had been afraid to come to the village lest he should meet La Salle. Ruter expressed surprise and regret when he heard of the death of his late commander. He had deserted him but a few months before. That brief interval50 had sufficed to transform him into a savage; and both he and his companion found their present reckless and ungoverned way of life greatly to their liking76. He could tell nothing of the Mississippi; and on the next day he went home, carrying with him a present of beads for his wives, of which last he had made a large collection.
[Pg 446]
In a few days he reappeared, bringing Grollet with him. Each wore a bunch of turkey-feathers dangling77 from his head, and each had wrapped his naked body in a blanket. Three men soon after arrived from Duhaut's camp, commissioned to receive the corn which Joutel had purchased. They told him that Duhaut and Liotot, the tyrants78 of the party, had resolved to return to Fort St. Louis, and build a vessel79 to escape to the West Indies,—"a visionary scheme," writes Joutel, "for our carpenters were all dead; and even if they had been alive, they were so ignorant that they would not have known how to go about the work; besides, we had no tools for it. Nevertheless, I was obliged to obey, and set out for the camp with the provisions."
On arriving, he found a wretched state of affairs. Douay and the two Caveliers, who had been treated by Duhaut with great harshness and contempt, had been told to make their mess apart; and Joutel now joined them. This separation restored them their freedom of speech, of which they had hitherto been deprived; but it subjected them to incessant80 hunger, as they were allowed only food enough to keep them from famishing. Douay says that quarrels were rife81 among the assassins themselves,—the malcontents being headed by Hiens, who was enraged82 that Duhaut and Liotot should have engrossed83 all the plunder84. Joutel was helpless, for he had none to back him but two priests and a boy.
SCHEMES OF ESCAPE.
He and his companions talked of nothing around [Pg 447] their solitary85 camp-fire but the means of escaping from the villanous company into which they were thrown. They saw no resource but to find the Mississippi, and thus make their way to Canada,—a prodigious86 undertaking87 in their forlorn condition; nor was there any probability that the assassins would permit them to go. These, on their part, were beset88 with difficulties. They could not return to civilization without manifest peril of a halter; and their only safety was to turn buccaneers or savages. Duhaut, however, still held to his plan of going back to Fort St. Louis; and Joutel and his companions, who with good reason stood in daily fear of him, devised among themselves a simple artifice89 to escape from his company. The elder Cavelier was to tell him that they were too fatigued90 for the journey, and wished to stay among the Cenis; and to beg him to allow them a portion of the goods, for which Cavelier was to give his note of hand. The old priest, whom a sacrifice of truth even on less important occasions cost no great effort, accordingly opened the negotiation91, and to his own astonishment92 and that of his companions, gained the assent of Duhaut. Their joy, however, was short; for Ruter, the French savage, to whom Joutel had betrayed his intention, when inquiring the way to the Mississippi, told it to Duhaut, who on this changed front and made the ominous93 declaration that he and his men would also go to Canada. Joutel and his companions were now filled with alarm; for there was no likelihood that [Pg 448] the assassins would permit them, the witnesses of their crime, to reach the settlements alive. In the midst of their trouble, the sky was cleared as by the crash of a thunderbolt.
THE CRISIS.
Hiens and several others had gone, some time before, to the Cenis villages to purchase horses; and here they had been detained by the charms of the Indian women. During their stay, Hiens heard of Duhaut's new plan of going to Canada by the Mississippi; and he declared to those with him that he would not consent. On a morning early in May he appeared at Duhaut's camp, with Ruter and Grollet, the French savages, and about twenty Indians. Duhaut and Liotot, it is said, were passing the time by practising with bows and arrows in front of their hut. One of them called to Hiens, "Good-morning;" but the buccaneer returned a sullen94 answer. He then accosted95 Duhaut, telling him that he had no mind to go up the Mississippi with him, and demanding a share of the goods. Duhaut replied that the goods were his own, since La Salle had owed him money. "So you will not give them to me?" returned Hiens. "No," was the answer. "You are a wretch15!" exclaimed Hiens; "you killed my master."[334] And drawing a pistol from his belt he [Pg 449] fired at Duhaut, who staggered three or four paces and fell dead. Almost at the same instant Ruter fired his gun at Liotot, shot three balls into his body, and stretched him on the ground mortally wounded.
Douay and the two Caveliers stood in extreme terror, thinking that their turn was to come next. Joutel, no less alarmed, snatched his gun to defend himself; but Hiens called to him to fear nothing, declaring that what he had done was only to avenge97 the death of La Salle,—to which, nevertheless, he had been privy98, though not an active sharer in the crime. Liotot lived long enough to make his confession99, after which Ruter killed him by exploding a pistol loaded with a blank charge of powder against his head. Duhaut's myrmidon, L'Archevêque, was absent, hunting, and Hiens was for killing100 him on his return; but the two priests and Joutel succeeded in dissuading101 him.
The Indian spectators beheld102 these murders with undisguised amazement103, and almost with horror. What manner of men were these who had pierced the secret places of the wilderness104 to riot in mutual19 slaughter105? Their fiercest warriors might learn a lesson in ferocity from these heralds106 of civilization. Joutel and his companions, who could not dispense107 with the aid of the Cenis, were obliged to explain away, as they best might, the atrocity108 of what they had witnessed.[335]
Hiens, and others of the French, had before [Pg 450] promised to join the Cenis on an expedition against a neighboring tribe with whom they were at war; and the whole party having removed to the Indian village, the warriors and their allies prepared to depart. Six Frenchmen went with Hiens; and the rest, including Joutel, Douay, and the Caveliers, remained behind, in the lodge where Joutel had been domesticated109, and where none were now left but women, children, and old men. Here they remained a week or more, watched closely by the Cenis, who would not let them leave the village; when news at length arrived of a great victory, and the warriors soon after returned with forty-eight scalps. It was the French guns that won the battle, but not the less did they glory in their prowess; and several days were spent in ceremonies and feasts of triumph.[336]
When all this hubbub110 of rejoicing had subsided111, Joutel and his companions broke to Hiens their plan of attempting to reach home by way of the Mississippi. As they had expected, he opposed it vehemently112, declaring that for his own part he would not run such a risk of losing his head; but at length he consented to their departure, on condition that the elder Cavelier should give him a certificate of his entire innocence113 of the murder of La Salle, which the priest did not hesitate to do. For the rest, Hiens treated his departing fellow-travellers with the generosity114 of a successful free-booter; for he gave them a good [Pg 451] share of the plunder he had won by his late crime, supplying them with hatchets115, knives, beads, and other articles of trade, besides several horses. Meanwhile, adds Joutel, "we had the mortification116 and chagrin117 of seeing this scoundrel walking about the camp in a scarlet118 coat laced with gold which had belonged to the late Monsieur de la Salle, and which he had seized upon, as also upon all the rest of his property." A well-aimed shot would have avenged119 the wrong, but Joutel was clearly a mild and moderate person; and the elder Cavelier had constantly opposed all plans of violence. Therefore they stifled120 their emotions, and armed themselves with patience.
JOUTEL AND HIS PARTY.
Joutel's party consisted, besides himself, of the Caveliers (uncle and nephew), Anastase Douay, De Marle, Teissier, and a young Parisian named Barthelemy. Teissier, an accomplice4 in the murders of Moranget and La Salle, had obtained a pardon, in form, from the elder Cavelier. They had six horses and three Cenis guides. Hiens embraced them at parting, as did the ruffians who remained with him. Their course was northeast, toward the mouth of the Arkansas,—a distant goal, the way to which was beset with so many dangers that their chance of reaching it seemed small. It was early in June, and the forests and prairies were green with the verdure of opening summer.
They soon reached the Assonis, a tribe near the Sabine, who received them well, and gave them guides to the nations dwelling62 towards Red River. [Pg 452] On the twenty-third, they approached a village, the inhabitants of which, regarding them as curiosities of the first order, came out in a body to see them; and, eager to do them honor, they required them to mount on their backs, and thus make their entrance in procession. Joutel, being large and heavy, weighed down his bearer, insomuch that two of his countrymen were forced to sustain him, one on each side. On arriving, an old chief washed their faces with warm water from an earthen pan, and then invited them to mount on a scaffold of canes, where they sat in the hot sun listening to four successive speeches of welcome, of which they understood not a word.[337]
At the village of another tribe, farther on their way, they met with a welcome still more oppressive. Cavelier, the unworthy successor of his brother, being represented as the chief of the party, became the principal victim of their attentions. They danced the calumet before him; while an Indian, taking him, with an air of great respect, by the shoulders as he sat, shook him in cadence121 with the thumping122 of the drum. They then placed two girls close beside him, as his wives; while, at the same time, an old chief tied a painted feather in his hair. These proceedings123 so scandalized him that, pretending [Pg 453] to be ill, he broke off the ceremony; but they continued to sing all night, with so much zeal124 that several of them were reduced to a state of complete exhaustion125.
ARRIVAL AT THE ARKANSAS.
At length, after a journey of about two months, during which they lost one of their number,—De Marle, accidentally drowned while bathing,—the travellers approached the river Arkansas, at a point not far above its junction126 with the Mississippi. Led by their Indian guides, they traversed a rich district of plains and woods, and stood at length on the borders of the stream. Nestled beneath the forests of the farther shore, they saw the lodges of a large Indian town; and here, as they gazed across the broad current, they presently descried127 an object which nerved their spent limbs, and thrilled their homesick hearts with joy. It was a tall, wooden cross; and near it was a small house, built evidently by Christian128 hands. With one accord they fell on their knees, and raised their hands to Heaven in thanksgiving. Two men, in European dress, issued from the door of the house and fired their guns to salute129 the excited travellers, who on their part replied with a volley. Canoes put out from the farther shore and ferried them to the town, where they were welcomed by Couture and De Launay, two followers130 of Henri de Tonty.[338]
That brave, loyal, and generous man, always vigilant131 and always active, beloved and feared alike by [Pg 454] white men and by red,[339] had been ejected, as we have seen, by the agent of the governor, La Barre, from the command of Fort St. Louis of the Illinois. An order from the King had reinstated him; and he no sooner heard the news of La Salle's landing on the shores of the Gulf132, and of the disastrous133 beginnings of his colony,[340] than he prepared, on his own responsibility and at his own cost, to go to his assistance. He collected twenty-five Frenchmen and eleven Indians, and set out from his fortified134 rock on the thirteenth of February, 1686;[341] descended135 the Mississippi, and reached its mouth in Holy Week. All was solitude136, a voiceless desolation of river, marsh137, and sea. He despatched canoes to the east and to the west, searching the coast for some thirty leagues on either side. Finding no trace of his friend, who at that moment was ranging the prairies of Texas in no less fruitless search of his "fatal river," Tonty wrote for him a letter, which he left [Pg 455] in the charge of an Indian chief, who preserved it with reverential care, and gave it, fourteen years after, to Iberville, the founder138 of Louisiana.[342] Deeply disappointed at his failure, Tonty retraced139 his course, and ascended140 the Mississippi to the villages of the Arkansas, where some of his men volunteered to remain. He left six of them; and of this number were Couture and De Launay.[343]
A HOSPITABLE141 RECEPTION.
Cavelier and his companions, followed by a crowd of Indians, some carrying their baggage, some struggling for a view of the white strangers, entered the log cabin of their two hosts. Rude as it was, they found in it an earnest of peace and safety, and a foretaste of home. Couture and De Launay were moved even to tears by the story of their disasters, and of the catastrophe that crowned them. La Salle's death was carefully concealed143 from the Indians, many of whom had seen him on his descent of the Mississippi, and who regarded him with prodigious respect. They lavished144 all their hospitality on his followers; feasted them on corn-bread, dried buffalo meat, and watermelons, and danced the calumet before them, the most august of all their ceremonies. On this occasion, Cavelier's patience [Pg 456] failed him again; and pretending, as before, to be ill, he called on his nephew to take his place. There were solemn dances, too, in which the warriors—some bedaubed with white clay, some with red, and some with both; some wearing feathers, and some the horns of buffalo; some naked, and some in painted shirts of deer-skin, fringed with scalp-locks, insomuch, says Joutel, that they looked like a troop of devils—leaped, stamped, and howled from sunset till dawn. All this was partly to do the travellers honor, and partly to extort145 presents. They made objections, however, when asked to furnish guides; and it was only by dint146 of great offers that four were at length procured147.
THE MISSISSIPPI.
With these, the travellers resumed their journey in a wooden canoe, about the first of August,[344] descended the Arkansas, and soon reached the dark and inexorable river, so long the object of their search, rolling, like a destiny, through its realms of solitude and shade. They launched their canoe on its turbid148 bosom149, plied32 their oars150 against the current, and slowly won their way upward, following the writhings of this watery151 monster through cane-brake, swamp, and fen96. It was a hard and toilsome journey, [Pg 457] under the sweltering sun of August,—now on the water, now knee-deep in mud, dragging their canoe through the unwholesome jungle. On the nineteenth, they passed the mouth of the Ohio; and their Indian guides made it an offering of buffalo meat. On the first of September, they passed the Missouri, and soon after saw Marquette's pictured rock, and the line of craggy heights on the east shore, marked on old French maps as "the Ruined Castles." Then, with a sense of relief, they turned from the great river into the peaceful current of the Illinois. They were eleven days in ascending152 it, in their large and heavy wooden canoe; when at length, on the afternoon of the fourteenth of September, they saw, towering above the forest and the river, the cliff crowned with the palisades of Fort St. Louis of the Illinois. As they drew near, a troop of Indians, headed by a Frenchman, descended from the rock, and fired their guns to salute them. They landed, and followed the forest path that led towards the fort, when they were met by Boisrondet, Tonty's comrade in the Iroquois war, and two other Frenchmen, who no sooner saw them than they called out, demanding where was La Salle. Cavelier, fearing lest he and his party would lose the advantage they might derive153 from his character of representative of his brother, was determined154 to conceal142 his death; and Joutel, as he himself confesses, took part in the deceit. Substituting equivocation155 for falsehood, they replied that La Salle had been with them nearly [Pg 458] as far as the Cenis villages, and that, when they parted, he was in good health. This, so far as they were concerned, was, literally156 speaking, true; but Douay and Teissier, the one a witness and the other a sharer in his death, could not have said so much without a square falsehood, and therefore evaded157 the inquiry158.
Threading the forest path, and circling to the rear of the rock, they climbed the rugged159 height, and reached the top. Here they saw an area, encircled by the palisades that fenced the brink160 of the cliff, and by several dwellings, a store-house, and a chapel161. There were Indian lodges too; for some of the red allies of the French made their abode with them.[345] Tonty was absent, fighting the Iroquois; but his lieutenant162, Bellefontaine, received the travellers, and his little garrison163 of bush-rangers greeted them with a salute of musketry, mingled164 with the whooping165 of the Indians. A Te Deum followed at the chapel; "and, with all our hearts," says Joutel, "we gave thanks to God, who had preserved and guided us." At length, the tired travellers were among countrymen and friends. Bellefontaine found a room for the two priests; while Joutel, Teissier, and young Cavelier were lodged in the store-house.
THE JESUIT ALLOUEZ.
The Jesuit Allouez was lying ill at the fort; and [Pg 459] Joutel, Cavelier, and Douay went to visit him. He showed great anxiety when told that La Salle was alive, and on his way to the Illinois; asked many questions, and could not hide his agitation166. When, some time after, he had partially167 recovered, he left St. Louis, as if to shun168 a meeting with the object of his alarm.[346] Once before, in 1679, Allouez had fled [Pg 460] from the Illinois on hearing of the approach of La Salle.
The season was late, and they were eager to hasten forward that they might reach Quebec in time to return to France in the autumn ships. There was not a day to lose. They bade farewell to Bellefontaine, from whom, as from all others, they had concealed the death of La Salle, and made their way across the country to Chicago. Here they were detained a week by a storm; and when at length they embarked169 in a canoe furnished by Bellefontaine, the tempest soon forced them to put back. On this, they abandoned their design, and returned to Fort St. Louis, to the astonishment of its inmates.
CONDUCT OF CAVELIER.
It was October when they arrived; and, meanwhile, Tonty had returned from the Iroquois war, where he had borne a conspicuous170 part in the famous attack on the Senecas by the Marquis de Denonville.[347] He listened with deep interest to the mournful story of his guests. Cavelier knew him well. He knew, so far as he was capable of knowing, his generous and disinterested171 character, his long and faithful [Pg 461] attachment172 to La Salle, and the invaluable173 services he had rendered him. Tonty had every claim on his confidence and affection. Yet he did not hesitate to practise on him the same deceit which he had practised on Bellefontaine. He told him that he had left his brother in good health on the Gulf of Mexico, and drew upon him, in La Salle's name, for an amount stated by Joutel at about four thousand livres, in furs, besides a canoe and a quantity of other goods, all of which were delivered to him by the unsuspecting victim.[348]
This was at the end of the winter, when the old priest and his companions had been living for months on Tonty's hospitality. They set out for Canada on [Pg 462] the twenty-first of March, reached Chicago on the twenty-ninth, and thence proceeded to Michilimackinac. Here Cavelier sold some of Tonty's furs to a merchant, who gave him in payment a draft on Montreal, thus putting him in funds for his voyage home. The party continued their journey in canoes by way of French River and the Ottawa, and safely reached Montreal on the seventeenth of July. Here they procured the clothing of which they were wofully in need, and then descended the river to Quebec, where they took lodging,—some with the Récollet friars, and some with the priests of the Seminary,—in order to escape the questions of the curious. At the end of August they embarked for France, and early in October arrived safely at Rochelle. None of the party were men of especial energy or force of character; and yet, under the spur of a dire174 necessity, they had achieved one of the most adventurous175 journeys on record.
Now, at length, they disburdened themselves of their gloomy secret; but the sole result seems to have been an order from the King for the arrest of the murderers, should they appear in Canada.[349] [Pg 463] Joutel was disappointed. It had been his hope throughout that the King would send a ship to the relief of the wretched band at Fort St. Louis of Texas. But Louis XIV. hardened his heart, and left them to their fate.
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1
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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accomplices
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| 从犯，帮凶，同谋( accomplice的名词复数 ) | |
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accomplice
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| n.从犯，帮凶，同谋 | |
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cane
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| n.手杖，细长的茎，藤条；v.以杖击，以藤编制的 | |
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fugitives
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| n.亡命者，逃命者( fugitive的名词复数 ) | |
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catastrophe
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| n.大灾难，大祸 | |
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submission
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| n.服从，投降；温顺，谦虚；提出 | |
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orphan
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| n.孤儿；adj.无父母的 | |
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talon
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| n.爪；（如爪般的）手指；爪状物 | |
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petrified
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| adj.惊呆的；目瞪口呆的v.使吓呆，使惊呆；变僵硬；使石化(petrify的过去式和过去分词) | |
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perplexed
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| adj.不知所措的 | |
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peril
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| n.(严重的)危险；危险的事物 | |
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providence
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| n.深谋远虑，天道，天意；远见；节约；上帝 | |
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wretch
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| n.可怜的人，不幸的人；卑鄙的人 | |
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umbrage
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| n.不快；树荫 | |
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formerly
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| adv.从前，以前 | |
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sleepless
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| adj.不睡眠的，睡不著的，不休息的 | |
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mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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grove
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| n.林子，小树林，园林 | |
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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dissuaded
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| 劝（某人）勿做某事，劝阻( dissuade的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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vengeance
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| n.报复，报仇，复仇 | |
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tragic
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| adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的 | |
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Ford
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| n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过 | |
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belly
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| n.肚子，腹部；(像肚子一样)鼓起的部分，膛 | |
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invoked
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| v.援引( invoke的过去式和过去分词 )；行使（权利等）；祈求救助；恳求 | |
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28
doomed
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| 命定的 | |
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villains
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| n.恶棍( villain的名词复数 )；罪犯；（小说、戏剧等中的）反面人物；淘气鬼 | |
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30
contriving
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| （不顾困难地）促成某事( contrive的现在分词 )； 巧妙地策划，精巧地制造（如机器）； 设法做到 | |
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sinister
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| adj.不吉利的，凶恶的，左边的 | |
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32
plied
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| v.使用（工具）( ply的过去式和过去分词 )；经常供应（食物、饮料）；固定往来；经营生意 | |
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33
barter
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| n.物物交换，以货易货，实物交易 | |
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34
thatch
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| vt.用茅草覆盖…的顶部；n.茅草(屋) | |
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35
lodge
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| v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆 | |
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36
lodges
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| v.存放( lodge的第三人称单数 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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37
adorned
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| [计]被修饰的 | |
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plumes
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| 羽毛( plume的名词复数 )； 羽毛饰； 羽毛状物； 升上空中的羽状物 | |
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39
wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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40
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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41
ushered
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| v.引，领，陪同( usher的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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42
devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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43
squatted
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| v.像动物一样蹲下( squat的过去式和过去分词 )；非法擅自占用（土地或房屋）；为获得其所有权；而占用某片公共用地。 | |
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44
parched
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| adj.焦干的；极渴的；v.（使）焦干 | |
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45
kernels
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| 谷粒( kernel的名词复数 )； 仁； 核； 要点 | |
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46
grunted
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| （猪等）作呼噜声( grunt的过去式和过去分词 )； （指人）发出类似的哼声； 咕哝着说 | |
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47
assent
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| v.批准，认可；n.批准，认可 | |
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48
deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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49
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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50
interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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51
intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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52
pumpkins
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| n.南瓜( pumpkin的名词复数 )；南瓜的果肉，南瓜囊 | |
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53
lodged
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| v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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54
abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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55
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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56
lashed
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| adj.具睫毛的v.鞭打( lash的过去式和过去分词 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥 | |
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57
inmates
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| n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 ) | |
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58
circumference
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| n.圆周，周长，圆周线 | |
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59
buffalo
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| n.(北美)野牛；(亚洲)水牛 | |
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60
utensils
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| 器具，用具，器皿( utensil的名词复数 )； 器物 | |
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61
pottery
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| n.陶器，陶器场 | |
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62
dwelling
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| n.住宅，住所，寓所 | |
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63
dwellings
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| n.住处，处所( dwelling的名词复数 ) | |
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64
bestow
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| v.把…赠与，把…授予；花费 | |
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65
reassure
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| v.使放心，使消除疑虑 | |
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66
beads
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| n.（空心）小珠子( bead的名词复数 )；水珠；珠子项链 | |
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67
pilfered
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| v.偷窃（小东西），小偷( pilfer的过去式和过去分词 )；偷窃（一般指小偷小摸） | |
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68
depressed
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| adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的 | |
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69
canes
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| n.（某些植物，如竹或甘蔗的）茎( cane的名词复数 )；（用于制作家具等的）竹竿；竹杖 | |
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70
weird
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| adj.古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的，神秘而可怕的 | |
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71
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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72
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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73
tattooed
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| v.刺青，文身( tattoo的过去式和过去分词 )；连续有节奏地敲击；作连续有节奏的敲击 | |
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74
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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75
converging
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| adj.收敛[缩]的，会聚的，趋同的v.（线条、运动的物体等）会于一点( converge的现在分词 )；（趋于）相似或相同；人或车辆汇集；聚集 | |
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76
liking
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| n.爱好；嗜好；喜欢 | |
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77
dangling
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| 悬吊着( dangle的现在分词 )； 摆动不定； 用某事物诱惑…； 吊胃口 | |
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78
tyrants
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| 专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 )； 暴君似的人； （古希腊的）僭主； 严酷的事物 | |
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79
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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80
incessant
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| adj.不停的，连续的 | |
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81
rife
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| adj.(指坏事情)充斥的，流行的，普遍的 | |
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82
enraged
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| 使暴怒( enrage的过去式和过去分词 )； 歜； 激愤 | |
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83
engrossed
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| adj.全神贯注的 | |
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84
plunder
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| vt.劫掠财物，掠夺；n.劫掠物，赃物；劫掠 | |
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85
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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86
prodigious
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| adj.惊人的，奇妙的；异常的；巨大的；庞大的 | |
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87
undertaking
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| n.保证，许诺，事业 | |
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88
beset
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| v.镶嵌；困扰，包围 | |
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89
artifice
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| n.妙计，高明的手段；狡诈，诡计 | |
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90
fatigued
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| adj. 疲乏的 | |
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91
negotiation
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| n.谈判，协商 | |
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92
astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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93
ominous
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| adj.不祥的，不吉的，预兆的，预示的 | |
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94
sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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95
accosted
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| v.走过去跟…讲话( accost的过去式和过去分词 )；跟…搭讪；（乞丐等）上前向…乞讨；（妓女等）勾搭 | |
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96
fen
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| n.沼泽，沼池 | |
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97
avenge
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| v.为...复仇，为...报仇 | |
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98
privy
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| adj.私用的；隐密的 | |
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99
confession
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| n.自白，供认，承认 | |
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100
killing
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| n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财 | |
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101
dissuading
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| 劝（某人）勿做某事，劝阻( dissuade的现在分词 ) | |
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102
beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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103
amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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104
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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105
slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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106
heralds
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| n.使者( herald的名词复数 )；预报者；预兆；传令官v.预示( herald的第三人称单数 )；宣布（好或重要） | |
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107
dispense
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| vt.分配，分发；配(药)，发(药)；实施 | |
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108
atrocity
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| n.残暴，暴行 | |
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109
domesticated
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| adj.喜欢家庭生活的；（指动物）被驯养了的v.驯化( domesticate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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110
hubbub
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| n.嘈杂；骚乱 | |
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111
subsided
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| v.（土地）下陷（因在地下采矿）( subside的过去式和过去分词 )；减弱；下降至较低或正常水平；一下子坐在椅子等上 | |
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112
vehemently
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| adv. 热烈地 | |
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113
innocence
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| n.无罪；天真；无害 | |
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114
generosity
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| n.大度，慷慨，慷慨的行为 | |
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115
hatchets
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| n.短柄小斧( hatchet的名词复数 )；恶毒攻击；诽谤；休战 | |
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116
mortification
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| n.耻辱，屈辱 | |
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117
chagrin
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| n.懊恼；气愤；委屈 | |
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118
scarlet
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| n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的 | |
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119
avenged
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| v.为…复仇，报…之仇( avenge的过去式和过去分词 )；为…报复 | |
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120
stifled
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| （使）窒息， （使）窒闷( stifle的过去式和过去分词 )； 镇压，遏制； 堵 | |
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121
cadence
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| n.（说话声调的）抑扬顿挫 | |
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122
thumping
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| adj.重大的，巨大的；重击的；尺码大的；极好的adv.极端地；非常地v.重击(thump的现在分词)；狠打；怦怦地跳；全力支持 | |
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123
proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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124
zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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125
exhaustion
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| n.耗尽枯竭，疲惫，筋疲力尽，竭尽，详尽无遗的论述 | |
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126
junction
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| n.连接，接合；交叉点，接合处，枢纽站 | |
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127
descried
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| adj.被注意到的，被发现的，被看到的 | |
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128
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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129
salute
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| vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮 | |
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130
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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131
vigilant
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| adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的 | |
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132
gulf
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| n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂 | |
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133
disastrous
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| adj.灾难性的，造成灾害的；极坏的，很糟的 | |
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134
fortified
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| adj. 加强的 | |
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135
descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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136
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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137
marsh
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| n.沼泽，湿地 | |
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138
Founder
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| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
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139
retraced
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| v.折回( retrace的过去式和过去分词 )；回忆；回顾；追溯 | |
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140
ascended
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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141
hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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142
conceal
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 | |
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143
concealed
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| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
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144
lavished
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| v.过分给予，滥施( lavish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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145
extort
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| v.勒索，敲诈，强要 | |
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146
dint
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| n.由于，靠；凹坑 | |
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147
procured
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的过去式和过去分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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148
turbid
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| adj.混浊的，泥水的，浓的 | |
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149
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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oars
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| n.桨，橹( oar的名词复数 )；划手v.划（行）( oar的第三人称单数 ) | |
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151
watery
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| adj.有水的，水汪汪的；湿的，湿润的 | |
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152
ascending
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| adj.上升的，向上的 | |
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153
derive
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| v.取得；导出；引申；来自；源自；出自 | |
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154
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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155
equivocation
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| n.模棱两可的话，含糊话 | |
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156
literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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157
evaded
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| 逃避( evade的过去式和过去分词 )； 避开； 回避； 想不出 | |
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158
inquiry
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| n.打听，询问，调查，查问 | |
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159
rugged
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| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
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160
brink
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| n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿 | |
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161
chapel
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| n.小教堂，殡仪馆 | |
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162
lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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163
garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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164
mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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165
whooping
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| 发嗬嗬声的，发咳声的 | |
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166
agitation
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| n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动 | |
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167
partially
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| adv.部分地，从某些方面讲 | |
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168
shun
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| vt.避开，回避，避免 | |
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169
embarked
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| 乘船( embark的过去式和过去分词 )； 装载； 从事 | |
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170
conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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171
disinterested
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| adj.不关心的，不感兴趣的 | |
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172
attachment
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| n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附 | |
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173
invaluable
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| adj.无价的，非常宝贵的，极为贵重的 | |
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174
dire
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| adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的 | |
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175
adventurous
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| adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的 | |
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176
colonists
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| n.殖民地开拓者，移民，殖民地居民( colonist的名词复数 ) | |
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