To relieve the tension of his thoughts he set forth1 to Gamba the purposeof his visit.
"I am," said he, "much like a stranger at a masked ball, where all themasks are acquainted with each other's disguises and concerted tomystify the visitor. Among the persons I have met at court several haveshown themselves ready to guide me through this labyrinth2; but, tillthey themselves unmask and declare their true characters, I am doubtfulwhither they may lead me; nor do I know of any so well fitted asyourself to give me a clue to my surroundings. As for my own disguise,"he added with a smile, "I believe I removed it sufficiently3 on our firstmeeting to leave you no doubt as to the use to which your informationwill be put."Gamba, who seemed touched by this appeal, nevertheless hesitated beforereplying. At length he said: "I have the fullest trust in yourexcellency's honour; but I must remind you that during your stay hereyou will be under the closest observation and that any opinions youexpress will at once be attributed to the persons you are known tofrequent. I would not," he continued hastily, "say this for myselfalone, but I have two mouths to feed and my views are already undersuspicion."Reassured4 by Odo's protestations, or rather, perhaps, by the moreconvincing warrant of his look and manner, Gamba proceeded to give him adetailed description of the little world in which chance had placedthem.
"If you have seen the Duke," said he, "I need not tell you that it isnot he who governs the duchy. We are ruled at present by a triumvirateconsisting of the Belverde, the Dominican and Trescorre. Pievepelago,the Prime Minister, is a dummy6 put in place by the Jesuits and keptthere by the rivalries7 of the other three; but he is in his dotage8 andthe courtiers are already laying wagers9 as to his successor. Many thinkFather Ignazio will replace him, but I stake my faith on Trescorre. TheDuke dislikes him, but he is popular with the middle class, who, sincethey have shaken off the yoke10 of the Jesuits, would not willingly see anecclesiastic at the head of the state. The duchess's influence is alsoagainst the Dominican, for her Highness, being, as you know, connectedwith the Austrian court, is by tradition unfavourable to the Churchparty. The Duchess's preferences would weigh little with the Duke wereit not that she is sole heiress to the old Duke of Monte Alloro, andthat any attempt to bring that principality under the control of theHoly See might provoke the interference of Austria.
"In so ticklish12 a situation I see none but Trescorre to maintain thepolitical balance. He has been adroit13 enough to make himself necessaryto the Duchess without alienating14 the Duke; he has introduced one or twotrifling reforms that have given him a name for liberality in spite ofthe heavy taxes with which he has loaded the peasantry; and has in shortso played his cards as to profit by the foibles of both parties. HerHighness," he continued, in reply to a question of Odo's, "was muchtaken by him when she first came to Pianura; and before her feeling hadcooled he had contrived15 to make himself indispensable to her. TheDuchess is always in debt; and Trescorre, as Comptroller of Finance,holds her by her besetting16 weakness. Before his appointment herextravagance was the scandal of the town. She borrowed from her ladies,her pages, her very lacqueys; when she went on a visit to her uncle ofMonte Alloro she pocketed the money he bestowed17 on her servants; nay,she was even accused of robbing the Marchioness of Pievepelago, who,having worn one evening a diamond necklace which excited her Highness'sadmiration, was waylaid19 on the way home and the jewels torn from herneck by a crowd of masked ruffians among whom she is said to haverecognised one of the ducal servants. These are doubtless idle reports;but it is certain that Trescorre's appointment engaged him still more tothe Duchess by enabling him to protect her from such calumnies21; while byincreasing the land taxes he has discharged the worst of her debts andthus made himself popular with the tradesmen she had ruined. Yourexcellency must excuse my attempting to paint the private character ofher Highness. Such facts as I have reported are of public notoriety, butto exceed them would be an unwarranted presumption22. I know she has thename of being affable to her dependents, capable of a fitful generosity,and easily moved by distress23; and it is certain that her domesticsituation has been one to excite pity and disarm25 criticism.
"With regard to his Highness, it is difficult either to detect hismotives or to divine his preferences. His youth was spent in piouspractices; and a curious reason is given for the origin of this habit.
He was educated, as your excellency is doubtless aware, by a Frenchphilosopher of the school of Hobbes; and it is said that in the intervalof his tasks the poor Duke, bewildered by his governor's distinctionsbetween conception and cognition, and the object and the sentient26, usedto spend his time praying the saints to assist him in his atheisticalstudies; indeed a satire27 of the day ascribes him as making a novena tothe Virgin28 to obtain a clearer understanding of the universality ofmatter. Others with more likelihood aver20 that he frequented the churchesto escape from the tyranny of his pedagogue29; and it is certain that fromone cause or another his education threw him into the opposite extremeof a superstitious30 and mechanical piety31. His marriage, his differenceswith the Duchess, and the evil influence of Cerveno, exposed him to newtemptations, and for a time he led a life which seemed to justify32 theworst charges of the enemies of materialism33. Recent events have flunghim back on the exaggerated devotion of his youth, and now, when hishealth permits, he spends his time serving mass, singing in the choir34 atbenediction and making pilgrimages to the relics35 of the saints in thedifferent churches of the duchy.
"A few years since, at the instigation of his confessor, he destroyedevery picture in the ducal gallery that contained any naked figure orrepresented any subject offensive to religion. Among them was Titian'sfamous portrait of Duke Ascanio's mistress, known as the Goldsmith'sDaughter, and a Venus by the Venetian painter Giorgione, so highlyesteemed in its day that Pope Leo X. is said to have offered in exchangefor it the gift of a papal benefice, and a Cardinal36's hat for DukeGuidobaldo's younger son. His Highness, moreover, impedes37 theadministration of justice by resisting all attempts to restrict theChurch's right of sanctuary38, and upholds the decree forbidding hissubjects to study at the University of Pavia, where, as you know, thenatural sciences are professed39 by the ablest scholars of Italy. Heallows no public duties to interfere11 with his private devotions, andwhatever the urgency of affairs, gives no audience to his ministers onholydays; and a Cardinal a latere recently passing through the duchy onhis return to Rome was not received at the Duke's table because hechanced to arrive on a Friday.
"His Highness's fears for Prince Ferrante's health have drawn40 a swarm41 ofquacks to Pianura, and the influence of the Church is sometimescounteracted by that of the physicians with whom the Duke surroundshimself. The latest of these, the famous Count Heiligenstern, who issaid to have performed some remarkable42 cures by means of the electricalfluid and of animal magnetism43, has gained such an ascendancy44 over theDuke that some suspect him of being an agent of the Austrian court,while others declare that he is a Jesuit en robe courte. But just atpresent the people scent45 a Jesuit under every habit, and it is evenrumoured that the Belverde is secretly affiliated47 to a female branch ofthe Society. With such a sovereign and such ministers, your excellencyneed not be told how the state is governed. Trescorre, heaven save themark! represents the liberal party; but his liberalism is like thegenerosity of the unarmed traveller who throws his purse to a foot-pad;and Father Ignazio is at hand to see that the people are not bettered atthe expense of the Church.
"As to the Duke, having no settled policy, and being governed onlythrough his fears, he leans first to one influence and then to another;but since the suppression of the Jesuits nothing can induce him toattack any ecclesiastical privileges. The diocese of Pianura holds afief known as the Caccia del Vescovo, long noted48 as the most lawlessdistrict of the duchy. Before the death of the late Pope, Trescorre hadprevailed on the Duke to annex49 it to the principality; but the dreadfulfate of Ganganelli has checked bolder sovereigns than his Highness intheir attempts on the immunities50 of the Church, and one of the fairestregions of our unhappy state remains51 a barren waste, the lair52 of outlawsand assassins, and a menace to the surrounding country. His Highness isnot incapable53 of generous impulses and his occasional acts of humanitymight endear him to his people were it not that they despise him forbeing the creature of his favourites. Thus, the gift of Boscofolto tothe Belverde has excited the bitterest discontent; for the Countess isnotorious for her cruel exactions, and it is certain that at her deaththis rich fief will revert54 to the Church. And now," Gamba ended with asmile, "I have made known to your excellency the chief characters in themasque, as rumour46 depicts55 them to the vulgar. As to the court, like thegovernment, it is divided into two parties: the Duke's, headed by theBelverde, and containing the staider and more conservative members ofthe Church and nobility; and the Duchess's, composed of every fribbleand flatterer, every gamester and rake, every intriguing56 woman andvulgar parvenu57 that can worm a way into her favour. In such anatmosphere you may fancy how knowledge thrives. The Duke's libraryconsists of a few volumes of theological casuistry, and her Highnessnever opens a book unless it be to scandalise her husband by readingsome prohibited pamphlet from France. The University, since the fall ofthe Jesuits, has been in charge of the Barnabite order, and, for aught Iknow, the Ptolemaic system is still taught there, together with thedialectic of Aristotle. As to science, it is anathema58; and the pressbeing subject to the restrictions59 of the Holy Office, and the Universityclosed to modern thought, but few scholars are to be found in the duchy,save those who occupy themselves with belles-lettres, or, like the abateCrescenti, are engaged in historical research. Pianura, even in the lateDuke's day, had its circle of lettered noblemen who patronised the artsand founded the local Arcadia; but such pursuits are out of fashion, theArcadia languishes60, and the Bishop61 of Pianura is the only dignitary thatstill plays the Mecaenas. His lordship, whose theological laxity andcoolness toward the Holy Office have put him out of favour with theDuke, has, I am told, a fine cabinet of paintings (some of them, it isrumoured, the very pictures that his Highness ordered to be burnt) andthe episcopal palace swarms62 with rhyming abatini, fashionableplaywrights and musicians, and the travelling archeologists who hawktheir antiques about from one court to another. Here you may assist atinterminable disputes as to the relative merits of Tasso and Ariosto, orlisten to a learned dissertation63 on the verse engraved64 on a carnelianstone; but as to the questions now agitating65 the world, they are held ofless account than a problem in counterpoint or the construction of adoubtful line in Ovid. As long as Truth goes naked she can scarce hopeto be received in good company; and her appearance would probably causeas much confusion among the Bishop's literati as in the councils of theHoly Office."The old analogy likening the human mind to an imperfect mirror, whichmodifies the images it reflects, occurred more than once to Odo duringthe hunchback's lively delineation66. It was impossible not to rememberthat the speaker owed his education to the charity of the order hedenounced; and this fact suggested to Odo that the other lights andshadows in the picture might be disposed with more art than accuracy.
Still, they doubtless embodied67 a negative truth, and Odo thought itprobable that such intellectual diversion as he could hope for must besought68 in the Bishop's circle.
It was two days later that he first beheld69 that prelate, heading theducal pilgrimage to the shrine70 of the mountain Virgin. The day hadopened with a confused flight of chimes from every bell-tower inPianura, as though a migratory71 flock of notes had settled for a momenton the roofs and steeples of the city. The ducal party set forth earlyfrom the palace, but the streets were already spanned with arches andgarlands of foliage72, tapestries73 and religious paintings decked thefacades of the wealthier houses, and at every street-shrine a cluster ofcandle-flames hovered74 like yellow butterflies above the freshly-gatheredflowers. The windows were packed with spectators, and the crowds whointended to accompany the pilgrimage were already gathering75, with theirpainted and gilt76 candles, from every corner of the town. Each church andmonastery door poured forth its priests or friars to swell77 the line, andthe various lay confraternities, issuing in their distinctive78 dress fromtheir "lodges79" or assembly-rooms, formed a link between the secular80 andreligious divisions of the procession. The market-place was strewn withsand and sweet herbs; and here, on the doorsteps of the Cathedral,between the featureless porphyry lions, the Bishop waited with hisred-robed chapter, and the deacons carrying the painted banners of thediocese. Seen thus, with the cloth-of-gold dalmatic above his pontificaltunic, the mitre surmounting81 his clear-cut impassive face, and thecrozier held aloft in his jewelled gloves, he might have stood for achryselephantine divinity in the porch of some pagan temple.
Odo, riding beside the Duke's litter, had leisure to note not only thediverse features of the procession but their varying effect on thespectators. It was plain that, as Trescorre had said, the pilgrimage waspopular with the people. That imaginative sensuousness82 which hasperpetually renewed the Latin Church by giving form and colour to herdogmatic abstractions, by transforming every successive phase of herbelief into something to be seen and handled, found an irresistibleoutlet in a ceremony that seemed to combine with its devotional intent asecret element of expiation83. The little prince was dimly felt to bepaying for the prodigality84 of his fathers, to be in some way a link ofsuffering between the tongue-tied misery85 of the fields and the insolentsplendour of the court; and a vague faith in the vicarious efficacy ofhis devotion drew the crowd into momentary86 sympathy with its rulers. Yetthis was but an underlying87 element in the instinctive88 delight of thepeople in the outward forms of their religion. Odo's late experienceshad wakened him to the influences acting89 on that obscure substratum ofhuman life that still seemed, to most men of his rank, of no moreaccount than the brick lining90 of their marble-coated palaces. As hewatched the mounting excitement of the throng91, and pictured to himselfthe lives suddenly lit up by this pledge of unseen promises, he wonderedthat the enemies of the Church should ascribe her predominance to anycause but the natural needs of the heart. The people lived in unlithovels, for there was a tax on mental as well as on material windows;but here was a light that could pierce the narrowest crevice92 and scatterthe darkness with a single ray.
Odo noted with equal interest the impression produced by the variousmembers of the court and the Church dignitaries. The Duke's litter wascoldly received, but a pitying murmur93 widened about the gilt chair inwhich Prince Ferrante was seated at his governor's side, and theapproach of Trescorre, mounted on a fine horse and dressed with hisusual sober elegance94, woke a shout that made him for a moment thecentral figure of the procession. The Bishop was none too warmlywelcomed; but when Crescenti appeared, white-haired and erect95 among theparish priests, the crowd swayed toward him like grasses in the suctionof a current; and one of the Duke's gentlemen, seeing Odo's surprise,said with a smile: "No one does more good in Pianura than our learnedlibrarian."A different and still more striking welcome awaited the Duchess, whopresently appeared on her favourite white hackney, surrounded by themembers of her household. Her reluctance96 to take part in the pilgrimagehad been overcome by the exhilaration of showing herself to the public,and as she rode along in her gold-embroidered habit and plumed97 hat shewas just such an image of radiant and indulgent sovereignty as turnsenforced submission98 into a romantic allegiance. Her flushing cheek andkindled eye showed the reaction of the effect she produced, and if hersubjects forgot her debts, her violences and follies99, she was perhapsmomentarily transformed into the being their enthusiasm created. She wasat any rate keenly alive to the admiration18 she excited and eager toenhance it by those showy impulses of benevolence100 that catch the publiceye; as when, at the city gates, she stopped her horse to intervene inbehalf of a soldier who had been put under arrest for some slightinfraction of duty, and then rode on enveloped101 in the passionateshouting of the crowd.
The shrine at which the young prince was to pay his devotions stood justbeyond the city, on the summit of one of the low knolls102 which pass forhills in the level landscape of Pianura. The white-columned church withits classical dome24 and portico103 had been erected104 as a thank-offeringafter the plague of 1630, and the nave105 was lined with life-sized votivefigures of Dukes and Duchesses clad in the actual wigs106 and robes thathad dressed their transient grandeur107. As the procession wound into thechurch, to the ringing of bells and the chanting of the choir, Odo wasstruck by the spectacle of that line of witnesses, watching inglassy-eyed irony108 the pomp and display to which their moldering robesand tarnished109 insignia seemed to fix so brief a term. Once or twicealready he had felt the shows of human power as no more than vanishingreflections on the tide of being; and now, as he knelt near the shrine,with its central glitter of jewels and its nimbus of wavering lights,and listened to the reiterated110 ancient wail111:
"Mater inviolata, ora pro5 nobis!
Virgo veneranda, ora pro nobis!
Speculum justitiae, ora pro nobis!"it seemed to him as though the bounds of life and death were merged112, andthe sumptuous113 group of which he formed a part already dusted over withoblivion.
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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labyrinth
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| n.迷宫；难解的事物；迷路 | |
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sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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reassured
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| adj.使消除疑虑的；使放心的v.再保证，恢复信心( reassure的过去式和过去分词) | |
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pro
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| n.赞成，赞成的意见，赞成者 | |
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dummy
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| n.假的东西；(哄婴儿的)橡皮奶头 | |
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rivalries
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| n.敌对，竞争，对抗( rivalry的名词复数 ) | |
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dotage
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| n.年老体衰；年老昏聩 | |
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wagers
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| n.赌注，用钱打赌( wager的名词复数 )v.在（某物）上赌钱，打赌( wager的第三人称单数 )；保证，担保 | |
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yoke
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interfere
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| v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰 | |
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ticklish
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adroit
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| adj.熟练的，灵巧的 | |
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alienating
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| v.使疏远( alienate的现在分词 )；使不友好；转让；让渡（财产等） | |
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contrived
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| adj.不自然的，做作的；虚构的 | |
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besetting
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| adj.不断攻击的v.困扰( beset的现在分词 )；不断围攻；镶；嵌 | |
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bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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waylaid
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| v.拦截，拦路( waylay的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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aver
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| v.极力声明；断言；确证 | |
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calumnies
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presumption
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distress
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dome
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disarm
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sentient
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| adj.有知觉的，知悉的；adv.有感觉能力地 | |
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satire
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| n.讽刺，讽刺文学，讽刺作品 | |
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virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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pedagogue
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| n.教师 | |
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superstitious
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| adj.迷信的 | |
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piety
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| n.虔诚，虔敬 | |
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justify
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| vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护 | |
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materialism
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| n.［哲］唯物主义，唯物论；物质至上 | |
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choir
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relics
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| [pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸 | |
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cardinal
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impedes
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| 阻碍，妨碍，阻止( impede的第三人称单数 ) | |
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sanctuary
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| n.圣所，圣堂，寺庙；禁猎区，保护区 | |
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professed
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| 公开声称的，伪称的，已立誓信教的 | |
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drawn
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swarm
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| n.(昆虫)等一大群；vi.成群飞舞；蜂拥而入 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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magnetism
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| n.磁性，吸引力，磁学 | |
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ascendancy
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| n.统治权，支配力量 | |
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scent
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| n.气味，香味，香水，线索，嗅觉；v.嗅，发觉 | |
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rumour
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| n.谣言，谣传，传闻 | |
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affiliated
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| adj. 附属的, 有关连的 | |
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noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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annex
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| vt.兼并，吞并；n.附属建筑物 | |
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immunities
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| 免除，豁免( immunity的名词复数 )； 免疫力 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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lair
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| n.野兽的巢穴；躲藏处 | |
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incapable
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| adj.无能力的，不能做某事的 | |
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revert
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| v.恢复，复归，回到 | |
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depicts
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| 描绘，描画( depict的第三人称单数 )； 描述 | |
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intriguing
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| adj.有趣的；迷人的v.搞阴谋诡计(intrigue的现在分词)；激起…的好奇心 | |
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parvenu
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| n.暴发户，新贵 | |
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anathema
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| n.诅咒；被诅咒的人(物)，十分讨厌的人(物) | |
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restrictions
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| 约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则） | |
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languishes
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| 长期受苦( languish的第三人称单数 )； 受折磨； 变得（越来越）衰弱； 因渴望而变得憔悴或闷闷不乐 | |
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bishop
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| n.主教，（国际象棋）象 | |
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swarms
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| 蜂群，一大群( swarm的名词复数 ) | |
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dissertation
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| n.（博士学位）论文，学术演讲，专题论文 | |
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engraved
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| v.在（硬物）上雕刻（字，画等）( engrave的过去式和过去分词 )；将某事物深深印在（记忆或头脑中） | |
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agitating
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| 搅动( agitate的现在分词 )； 激怒； 使焦虑不安； （尤指为法律、社会状况的改变而）激烈争论 | |
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delineation
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| n.记述；描写 | |
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embodied
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| v.表现( embody的过去式和过去分词 )；象征；包括；包含 | |
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besought
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| v.恳求，乞求（某事物）( beseech的过去式和过去分词 )；(beseech的过去式与过去分词) | |
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beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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shrine
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| n.圣地，神龛，庙；v.将...置于神龛内，把...奉为神圣 | |
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migratory
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| n.候鸟，迁移 | |
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foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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tapestries
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| n.挂毯( tapestry的名词复数 )；绣帷，织锦v.用挂毯（或绣帷）装饰( tapestry的第三人称单数 ) | |
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hovered
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| 鸟( hover的过去式和过去分词 )； 靠近（某事物）； （人）徘徊； 犹豫 | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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gilt
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| adj.镀金的；n.金边证券 | |
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swell
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| vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强 | |
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distinctive
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| adj.特别的，有特色的，与众不同的 | |
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lodges
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| v.存放( lodge的第三人称单数 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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secular
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| n.牧师，凡人；adj.世俗的，现世的，不朽的 | |
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surmounting
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| 战胜( surmount的现在分词 )； 克服（困难）； 居于…之上； 在…顶上 | |
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sensuousness
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| n.知觉 | |
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expiation
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| n.赎罪，补偿 | |
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prodigality
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| n.浪费，挥霍 | |
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misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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momentary
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| adj.片刻的，瞬息的；短暂的 | |
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underlying
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| adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的 | |
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instinctive
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| adj.(出于)本能的；直觉的；(出于)天性的 | |
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acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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lining
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| n.衬里，衬料 | |
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throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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crevice
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| n.(岩石、墙等)裂缝；缺口 | |
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murmur
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| n.低语，低声的怨言；v.低语，低声而言 | |
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elegance
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| n.优雅；优美，雅致；精致，巧妙 | |
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erect
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| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
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reluctance
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| n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿 | |
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plumed
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| 饰有羽毛的 | |
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submission
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| n.服从，投降；温顺，谦虚；提出 | |
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follies
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| 罪恶，时事讽刺剧； 愚蠢，蠢笨，愚蠢的行为、思想或做法( folly的名词复数 ) | |
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benevolence
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| n.慈悲，捐助 | |
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enveloped
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| v.包围，笼罩，包住( envelop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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knolls
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| n.小圆丘，小土墩( knoll的名词复数 ) | |
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portico
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| n.柱廊，门廊 | |
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104
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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nave
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| n.教堂的中部；本堂 | |
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wigs
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| n.假发，法官帽( wig的名词复数 ) | |
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grandeur
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| n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华 | |
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irony
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| n.反语，冷嘲；具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄 | |
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109
tarnished
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| （通常指金属）（使）失去光泽，（使）变灰暗( tarnish的过去式和过去分词 )； 玷污，败坏 | |
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110
reiterated
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| 反复地说，重申( reiterate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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111
wail
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| vt./vi.大声哀号，恸哭；呼啸，尖啸 | |
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112
merged
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| （使）混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 )； 相融； 融入； 渐渐消失在某物中 | |
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113
sumptuous
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| adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的 | |
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