Lin Hsiao-Hsiang carries the first prize in the poems on chrysanthemums1 — Hsueh Heng-wu chaffs Pao-yü by composing verses in the same style as his on the crabs3.
After Pao-ch’ai and Hsiang-yün, we will now explain, settled everything in their deliberations, nothing memorable4 occurred, the whole night, which deserves to be put on record.
The next day, Hsiang-yün invited dowager lady Chia and her other relatives to come and look at the olea flowers. Old lady Chia and every one else answered that as she had had the kind attention to ask them, they felt it their duty to avail themselves of her gracious invitation, much though they would be putting her to trouble and inconvenience. At twelve o’clock, therefore, old lady Chia actually took with her Madame Wang and lady Feng, as well as Mrs. Hsüeh and other members of her family whom she had asked to join them, and repaired into the garden.
“Which is the best spot?” old lady Chia inquired.
“We are ready to go wherever you may like, dear senior,” Madame Wang ventured in response.
“A collation6 has already been spread in the Lotus Fragrance7 Arbour,” lady Feng interposed. “Besides, the two olea plants, on that hill, yonder, are now lovely in their full blossom, and the water of that stream is jade-like and pellucid8, so if we sit in the pavilion in the middle of it, won’t we enjoy an open and bright view? It will be refreshing9 too to our eyes to watch the pool.”
“Quite right!” assented10 dowager lady Chia at this suggestion; and while expressing her approbation11, she ushered12 her train of followers13 into the Arbour of Lotus Fragrance.
This Arbour of Lotus Fragrance had, in fact, been erected14 in the centre of the pool. It had windows on all four sides. On the left and on the right, stood covered passages, which spanned the stream and connected with the hills. At the back, figured a winding15 bridge.
As the party ascended16 the bamboo bridge, lady Feng promptly17 advanced and supported dowager lady Chia. “Venerable ancestor,” she said, “just walk boldly and with confident step; there’s nothing to fear; it’s the way of these bamboo bridges to go on creaking like this.”
Presently, they entered the arbour. Here they saw two additional bamboo tables, placed beyond the balustrade. On the one, were arranged cups, chopsticks and every article necessary for drinking wine. On the other, were laid bamboo utensils18 for tea, a tea-service and various cups and saucers. On the off side, two or three waiting-maids were engaged in fanning the stove to boil the water for tea. On the near side were visible several other girls, who were trying with their fans to get a fire to light in the stove so as to warm the wines.
“It was a capital idea,” dowager lady Chia hastily exclaimed laughingly with vehemence19, “to bring tea here. What’s more, the spot and the appurtenances are alike so spick and span!”
“These things were brought by cousin Pao-ch’ai,” Hsiang-yün smilingly explained, “so I got them ready.”
“This child is, I say, so scrupulously20 particular,” old lady Chia observed, “that everything she does is thoroughly21 devised.”
As she gave utterance22 to her feelings, her attention was attracted by a pair of scrolls23 of black lacquer, inlaid with mother-of-pearl, suspended on the pillars, and she asked Hsiang-yün to tell her what the mottoes were.
The text she read was:
Snapped is the shade of the hibiscus by the fragrant24 oar25 of a boat homeward bound.
Deep flows the perfume of the lily and the lotus underneath26 the bamboo bridge.
After listening to the motto, old lady Chia raised her head and cast a glance upon the tablet; then turning round: “Long ago, when I was young,” she observed, addressing herself to Mrs. Hsüeh, “we likewise had at home a pavilion like this called ‘the Hall reclining on the russet clouds,’ or some other such name. At that time, I was of the same age as the girls, and my wont27 was to go day after day and play with my sisters there. One day, I, unexpectedly, slipped and fell into the water, and I had a narrow escape from being drowned; for it was after great difficulty, that they managed to drag me out safe and sound. But my head was, after all, bumped about against the wooden nails; so much so, that this hole of the length of a finger, which you can see up to this day on my temple, comes from the bruises28 I sustained. All my people were in a funk that I’d be the worse for this ducking and continued in fear and trembling lest I should catch a chill. ‘It was dreadful, dreadful!’ they opined, but I managed, little though every one thought it, to keep in splendid health.”
Lady Feng allowed no time to any one else to put in a word; but anticipating them: “Had you then not survived, who would now be enjoying these immense blessings30!” she smiled. “This makes it evident that no small amount of happiness and long life were in store for you, venerable ancestor, from your very youth up! It was by the agency of the spirits that this hole was knocked open so that they might fill it up with happiness and longevity31! The old man Shou Hsing had, in fact, a hole in his head, which was so full of every kind of blessing29 conducive32 to happiness and long life that it bulged33 up ever so high!”
Before, however, she could conclude, dowager lady Chia and the rest were convulsed with such laughter that their bodies doubled in two.
“This monkey is given to dreadful tricks!” laughed old lady Chia. “She’s always ready to make a scapegoat34 of me to evoke35 amusement. But would that I could take that glib36 mouth of yours and rend37 it in pieces.”
“It’s because I feared that the cold might, when you by and bye have some crabs to eat, accumulate in your intestines38,” lady Feng pleaded, “that I tried to induce you, dear senior, to have a laugh, so as to make you gay and merry. For one can, when in high spirits, indulge in a couple of them more with impunity39.”
“By and bye,” smiled old lady Chia, “I’ll make you follow me day and night, so that I may constantly be amused and feel my mind diverted; I won’t let you go back to your home.”
“It’s that weakness of yours for her, venerable senior,” Madame Wang observed with a smile, “that has got her into the way of behaving in this manner, and, if you go on speaking to her as you do, she’ll soon become ever so much the more unreasonable40.”
“I like her such as she is,” dowager lady Chia laughed. “Besides, she’s truly no child, ignorant of the distinction between high and low. When we are at home, with no strangers present, we ladies should be on terms like these, and as long, in fact, as we don’t overstep propriety41, it’s all right. If not, what would he the earthly use of making them behave like so many saints?”
While bandying words, they entered the pavilion in a body. After tea, lady Feng hastened to lay out the cups and chopsticks. At the upper table then seated herself old lady Chia, Mrs. Hsüeh, Pao-ch’ai, Tai-yü and Pao-yü. Round the table, on the east, sat Shih Hsiang-yün, Madame Wang, Ying Ch’un, T’an Ch’un and Hsi Ch’un. At the small table, leaning against the door on the west side, Li Wan5 and lady Feng assigned themselves places. But it was for the mere42 sake of appearances, as neither of them ventured to sit down, but remained in attendance at the two tables, occupied by old lady Chia and Madame Wang.
“You’d better,” lady Feng said, “not bring in too many crabs at a time. Throw these again into the steaming-basket! Only serve ten; and when they’re eaten, a fresh supply can be fetched!”
Asking, at the same time, for water, she washed her hands, and, taking her position near dowager lady Chia, she scooped44 out the meat from a crab2, and offered the first help to Mrs. Hsüeh.
“They’ll be sweeter were I to open them with my own hands,” Mrs. Hsüeh remarked, “there’s no need for any one to serve me.”
Lady Feng, therefore, presented it to old lady Chia and handed a second portion to Pao-yü.
“Make the wine as warm as possible and bring it in!” she then went on to cry. “Go,” she added, directing the servant-girls, “and fetch the powder, made of green beans, and scented45 with the leaves of chrysanthemums and the stamens of the olea fragrans; and keep it ready to rinse47 our hands with.”
Shih Hsiang-yün had a crab to bear the others company, but no sooner had she done than she retired48 to a lower seat, from where she helped her guests. When she, however, walked out a second time to give orders to fill two dishes and send them over to Mrs. Chao, she perceived lady Feng come up to her again. “You’re not accustomed to entertaining,” she said, “so go and have your share to eat. I’ll attend to the people for you first, and, when they’ve gone, I’ll have all I want.”
Hsiang-yün would not agree to her proposal. But giving further directions to the servants to spread two tables under the verandah on the off-side, she pressed Yüan Yang, Hu Po, Ts’ai Hsia, Ts’ai Yün and P’ing Erh to go and seat themselves.
“Lady Secunda,” consequently ventured Yüan Yang, “you’re in here doing the honours, so may I go and have something to eat?”
“You can all go,” replied lady Feng; “leave everything in my charge, and it will be all right.”
While these words were being spoken, Shih Hsiang-yün resumed her place at the banquet. Lady Feng and Li Wan then took hurry-scurry something to eat as a matter of form; but lady Feng came down once more to look after things. After a time, she stepped out on the verandah where Yüan Yang and the other girls were having their refreshments50 in high glee. As soon as they caught sight of her, Yuan Yang and her companions stood up. “What has your ladyship come out again for?” they inquired. “Do let us also enjoy a little peace and quiet!”
“This chit Yüan Yang is worse than ever!” lady Feng laughed. “Here I’m slaving away for you, and, instead of feeling grateful to me, you bear me a grudge51! But don’t you yet quick pour me a cup of wine?”
Yüan Yang immediately smiled, and filling a cup, she applied52 it to lady Feng’s lips. Lady Feng stretched out her neck and emptied it. But Hu Po and Ts’ai Hsia thereupon likewise replenished53 a cup and put it to lady Feng’s mouth. Lady Feng swallowed the contents of that as well. P’ing Erh had, by this time, brought her some yellow meat which she had picked out from the shell. “Pour plenty of ginger54 and vinegar!” shouted lady Feng, and, in a moment, she made short work of that too. “You people,” she smiled, “had better sit down and have something to eat, for I’m off now.”
“You brazen-faced thing,” exclaimed Yüan Yang laughingly, “to eat what was intended for us!”
“Don’t be so captious55 with me!” smiled lady Feng. “Are you aware that your master Secundus, Mr. Lien56, has taken such a violent fancy to you that he means to speak to our old lady to let you be his secondary wife!”
Yüan Yang blushed crimson57. “Ts’ui!” she shouted. “Are these really words to issue from the mouth of a lady! But if I don’t daub your face all over with my filthy58 hands, I won’t feel happy!”
Saying this, she rushed up to her. She was about to besmear her face, when lady Feng pleaded: “My dear child, do let me off this time!”
“Lo, that girl Yüan,” laughed Hu Po, “wishes to smear59 her, and that hussey P’ing still spares her! Look here, she has scarcely had two crabs, and she has drunk a whole saucerful of vinegar!”
P’ing Erh was holding a crab full of yellow meat, which she was in the act of cleaning. As soon therefore as she heard this taunt60, she came, crab in hand, to spatter Hu Po’s face, as she laughingly reviled61 her. “I’ll take you minx with that cajoling tongue of yours” she cried, “and. . . . ”
But, Hu Po, while also indulging in laughter, drew aside; so P’ing Erh beat the air, and fell forward, daubing, by a strange coincidence, the cheek of lady Feng. Lady Feng was at the moment having a little good-humoured raillery with Yüan Yang, and was taken so much off her guard, that she was quite startled out of her senses. “Ai-yah!” she ejaculated. The bystanders found it difficult to keep their countenance62, and, with one voice, they exploded into a boisterous63 fit of laughter. Lady Feng as well could not help feeling amused, and smilingly she upbraided64 her. “You stupid wench!” she said; “Have you by gorging65 lost your eyesight that you recklessly smudge your mistress’ face?”
P’ing Erh hastily crossed over and wiped her face for her, and then went in person to fetch some water.
“O-mi-to-fu,” ejaculated Yüan Yang, “this is a distinct retribution!”
Dowager lady Chia, though seated on the other side, overheard their shouts, and she consecutively66 made inquiries67 as to what they had seen to tickled68 their fancy so. “Tell us,” (she urged), “what it is so that we too should have a laugh.”
“Our lady Secunda,” Yüan Yang and the other maids forthwith laughingly cried, “came to steal our crabs and eat them, and P’ing Erh got angry and daubed her mistress’ face all over with yellow meat. So our mistress and that slave-girl are now having a scuffle over it.”
This report filled dowager lady Chia, Madame Wang and the other inmates70 with them with much merriment. “Do have pity on her,” dowager lady Chia laughed, “and let her have some of those small legs and entrails to eat, and have done!”
Yuan Yang and her companions assented, much amused. “Mistress Secunda,” they shouted in a loud tone of voice, “you’re at liberty to eat this whole tableful of legs!”
But having washed her face clean, lady Feng approached old lady Chia and the other guests and waited upon them for a time, while they partook of refreshments.
Tai-yü did not, with her weak physique, venture to overload71 her stomach, so partaking of a little meat from the claws, she left the table. Presently, however, dowager lady Chia too abandoned all idea of having anything more to eat. The company therefore quitted the banquet; and, when they had rinsed72 their hands, some admired the flowers, some played with the water, others looked at the fish.
After a short stroll, Madame Wang turned round and remarked to old lady Chia: “There’s plenty of wind here. Besides, you’ve just had crabs; so it would be prudent73 for you, venerable senior, to return home and rest. And if you feel in the humour, we can come again for a turn to-morrow.”
“Quite true!” acquiesced74 dowager lady Chia, in reply to this suggestion. “I was afraid that if I left, now that you’re all in exuberant75 spirits, I mightn’t again be spoiling your fun, (so I didn’t budge). But as the idea originates from yourselves do go as you please, (while I retire). But,” she said to Hsiang-yün, “don’t allow your cousin Secundus, Pao-yü, and your cousin Lin to have too much to eat.” Then when Hsiang-yün had signified her obedience76, “You two girls,” continuing, she recommended Hsiang-yün and Pao-ch’ai, “must not also have more than is good for you. Those things are, it’s true, luscious77, but they’re not very wholesome78; and if you eat immoderately of them, why, you’ll get stomachaches.”
Both girls promised with alacrity79 to be careful; and, having escorted her beyond the confines of the garden, they retraced80 their steps and ordered the servants to clear the remnants of the banquet and to lay out a new supply of refreshments.
“There’s no use of any regular spread out!” Pao-yü interposed. “When you are about to write verses, that big round table can be put in the centre and the wines and eatables laid on it. Neither will there be any need to ceremoniously have any fixed81 seats. Let those who may want anything to eat, go up to it and take what they like; and if we seat ourselves, scattered82 all over the place, won’t it be far more convenient for us?”
“Your idea is excellent!” Pao-ch’ai answered.
“This is all very well,” Hsiang-yün observed, “but there are others to be studied besides ourselves!”
Issuing consequently further directions for another table to be laid, and picking out some hot crabs, she asked Hsi Jen, Tzu Chüan, Ssu Ch’i, Shih Shu, Ju Hua, Ying Erh, Ts’ui Mo and the other girls to sit together and form a party. Then having a couple of flowered rugs spread under the olea trees on the hills, she bade the matrons on duty, the waiting-maids and other servants to likewise make themselves comfortable and to eat and drink at their pleasure until they were wanted, when they could come and answer the calls.
Hsiang-yün next fetched the themes for the verses and pinned them with a needle on the wall. “They’re full of originality83,” one and all exclaimed after perusal84, “we fear we couldn’t write anything on them.”
Hsiang-yün then went onto explain to them the reasons that had prompted her not to determine upon any particular rhymes.
“Yes, quite right!” put in Pao-yü. “I myself don’t fancy hard and fast rhymes!”
But Lin Tai-yü, being unable to stand much wine and to take any crabs, told, on her own account, a servant to fetch an embroidered86 cushion; and, seating herself in such a way as to lean against the railing, she took up a fishing-rod and began to fish. Pao-ch’ai played for a time with a twig87 of olea she held in her hand, then resting on the window-sill, she plucked the petals88, and threw them into the water, attracting the fish, which went by, to rise to the surface and nibble89 at them. Hsiang-yün, after a few moments of abstraction, urged Hsi Jen and the other girls to help themselves to anything they wanted, and beckoned90 to the servants, seated at the foot of the hill, to eat to their heart’s content. Tan Ch’un, in company with Li Wan and Hsi Ch’un, stood meanwhile under the shade of the weeping willows91, and looked at the widgeons and egrets. Ying Ch’un, on the other hand, was all alone under the shade of some trees, threading double jasmine flowers, with a needle specially92 adapted for the purpose. Pao-yü too watched Tai-yü fishing for a while. At one time he leant next to Pao-ch’ai and cracked a few jokes with her. And at another, he drank, when he noticed Hsi Jen feasting on crabs with her companions, a few mouthfuls of wine to keep her company. At this, Hsi Jen cleaned the meat out of a shell, and gave it to him to eat.
Tai-yü then put down the fishing-rod, and, approaching the seats, she laid hold of a small black tankard, ornamented93 with silver plum flowers, and selected a tiny cup, made of transparent94 stone, red like a begonia, and in the shape of a banana leaf. A servant-girl observed her movements, and, concluding that she felt inclined to have a drink, she drew near with hurried step to pour some wine for her.
“You girls had better go on eating,” Tai-yü remonstrated95, “and let me help myself; there’ll be some fun in it then!”
So speaking, she filled for herself a cup half full; but discovering that it was yellow wine, “I’ve eaten only a little bit of crab,” she said, “and yet I feel my mouth slightly sore; so what would do for me now is a mouthful of very hot distilled96 spirit.”
Pao-yü hastened to take up her remark. “There’s some distilled spirit,” he chimed in. “Take some of that wine,” he there and then shouted out to a servant, “scented with acacia flowers, and warm a tankard of it.”
When however it was brought Tai-yü simply took a sip97 and put it down again.
Pao-ch’ai too then came forward, and picked up a double cup; but, after drinking a mouthful of it, she lay it aside, and, moistening her pen, she walked up to the wall, and marked off the first theme: “longing for chrysanthemums,” below which she appended a character “Heng.”
“My dear cousin,” promptly remarked Pao-yü. “I’ve already got four lines of the second theme so let me write on it!”
“I managed, after ever so much difficulty, to put a stanza98 together,” Pao-ch’ai smiled, “and are you now in such a hurry to deprive me of it?”
Without so much as a word, Tai-yü took a pen and put a distinctive99 sign opposite the eighth, consisting of: “ask the chrysanthemums;” and, singling out, in quick succession, the eleventh: “dream of chrysanthemums,” as well, she too affixed100 for herself the word “Hsiao” below. But Pao-yü likewise got a pen, and marked his choice, the twelfth on the list: “seek for chrysanthemums,” by the side of which he wrote the character “Chiang.”
T’an Ch’un thereupon rose to her feet. “If there’s no one to write on ‘Pinning the chrysanthemums’” she observed, while scrutinising the themes, “do let me have it! It has just been ruled,” she continued, pointing at Pao-yü with a significant smile, “that it is on no account permissible102 to introduce any expressions, bearing reference to the inner chambers103, so you’d better be on your guard!”
But as she spoke49, she perceived Hsiang-yün come forward, and jointly104 mark the fourth and fifth, that is: “facing the chrysanthemums,” and “putting chrysanthemums in vases,” to which she, like the others, appended a word, Hsiang.”
“You too should get a style or other!” T’an Ch’un suggested.
“In our home,” smiled Hsiang-yün, “there exist, it is true, at present several halls and structures, but as I don’t live in either, there’ll be no fun in it were I to borrow the name of any one of them!”
“Our venerable senior just said,” Pao-ch’ai observed laughingly, “that there was also in your home a water-pavilion called ‘leaning on russet clouds hall,’ and is it likely that it wasn’t yours? But albeit105 it doesn’t exist now-a-days, you were anyhow its mistress of old.”
“She’s right!” one and all exclaimed.
Pao-yü therefore allowed Hsiang-yün no time to make a move, but forthwith rubbed off the character “Hsiang,” for her and substituted that of “Hsia” (russet).
A short time only elapsed before the compositions on the twelve themes had all been completed. After they had each copied out their respective verses, they handed them to Ying Ch’un, who took a separate sheet of snow-white fancy paper, and transcribed106 them together, affixing107 distinctly under each stanza the style of the composer. Li Wan and her assistants then began to read, starting from the first on the list, the verses which follow:
“Longing for chrysanthemums,” by the “Princess of Heng Wu.”
With anguish108 sore I face the western breeze, and wrapt in grief, I pine for you!
What time the smart weed russet turns, and the reeds white, my heart is rent in two.
When in autumn the hedges thin, and gardens waste, all trace of you is gone.
When the moon waxeth cold, and the dew pure, my dreams then know something of you.
With constant yearnings my heart follows you as far as wild geese homeward fly.
Lonesome I sit and lend an ear, till a late hour to the sound of the block!
For you, ye yellow flowers, I’ve grown haggard and worn, but who doth pity me,
And breathe one word of cheer that in the ninth moon I will soon meet you again?
“Search for chrysanthemums,” by the “Gentleman of I Hung:”
When I have naught110 to do, I’ll seize the first fine day to try and stroll about.
Neither wine-cups nor cups of medicine will then deter85 me from my wish.
Who plants the flowers in all those spots, facing the dew and under the moon’s rays?
Outside the rails they grow and by the hedge; but in autumn where do they go?
With sandals waxed I come from distant shores; my feelings all exuberant;
But as on this cold day I can’t exhaust my song, my spirits get depressed111.
The yellow flowers, if they but knew how comfort to a poet to afford,
Would not let me this early morn trudge112 out in vain with my cash-laden staff.
“Planting chrysanthemums,” by the Gentleman of “I Hung:”
When autumn breaks, I take my hoe, and moving them myself out of the park,
I plant them everywhere near the hedges and in the foreground of the halls.
Last night, when least expected, they got a good shower, which made them all revive.
This morn my spirits still rise high, as the buds burst in bloom bedecked with frost.
Now that it’s cool, a thousand stanzas113 on the autumn scenery I sing.
In ecstasies114 from drink, I toast their blossom in a cup of cold, and fragrant wine.
With spring water. I sprinkle them, cover the roots with mould and well tend them,
So that they may, like the path near the well, be free of every grain of dirt.
“Facing the chrysanthemums,” by the “Old friend of the Hall reclining on the russet clouds.”
From other gardens I transplant them, and I treasure them like gold.
One cluster bears light-coloured bloom; another bears dark shades.
I sit with head uncovered by the sparse-leaved artemesia hedge,
And in their pure and cool fragrance, clasping my knees, I hum my lays.
In the whole world, methinks, none see the light as peerless as these flowers.
From all I see you have no other friend more intimate than me.
Such autumn splendour, I must not misuse115, as steadily116 it fleets.
My gaze I fix on you as I am fain each moment to enjoy!
“Putting chrysanthemums in vases,” by the “Old Friend of the hall reclining on the russet clouds.”
The lute117 I thrum, and quaff118 my wine, joyful119 at heart that ye are meet to be my mates.
The various tables, on which ye are laid, adorn120 with beauteous grace this quiet nook.
The fragrant dew, next to the spot I sit, is far apart from that by the three paths.
I fling my book aside and turn my gaze upon a twig full of your autumn (bloom).
What time the frost is pure, a new dream steals o’er me, as by the paper screen I rest.
When cold holdeth the park, and the sun’s rays do slant121, I long and yearn109 for you, old friends.
I too differ from others in this world, for my own tastes resemble those of yours.
The vernal winds do not hinder the peach tree and the pear from bursting forth69 in bloom.
“Singing chrysanthemums,” by the “Hsiao Hsiang consort122.”
Eating the bread of idleness, the frenzy123 of poetry creeps over me both night and day.
Round past the hedge I wend, and, leaning on the rock, I intone verses gently to myself.
From the point of my pencil emanate124 lines of recondite125 grace, so near the frost I write.
Some scent46 I hold by the side of my mouth, and, turning to the moon, I sing my sentiments.
With self-pitying lines pages I fill, so as utterance to give to all my cares and woes126.
From these few scanty127 words, who could fathom128 the secrets of my heart about the autumntide?
Beginning from the time when T’ao, the magistrate129, did criticise130 the beauty of your bloom,
Yea, from that date remote up to this very day, your high renown131 has ever been extolled132.
“Drawing chrysanthemums,” by the “Princess of Heng Wu.”
Verses I’ve had enough, so with my pens I play; with no idea that I am mad.
Do I make use of pigments133 red or green as to involve a task of toilsome work?
To form clusters of leaves, I sprinkle simply here and there a thousand specks134 of ink.
And when I’ve drawn135 the semblance136 of the flowers, some spots I make to represent the frost.
The light and dark so life-like harmonise with the figure of those there in the wind,
That when I’ve done tracing their autumn growth, a fragrant smell issues under my wrist.
Do you not mark how they resemble those, by the east hedge, which you leisurely137 pluck?
Upon the screens their image I affix101 to solace138 me for those of the ninth moon.
“Asking the chrysanthemums,” by the “Hsiao Hsiang consort.”
Your heart, in autumn, I would like to read, but know it no one could!
While humming with my arms behind my back, on the east hedge I rap.
So peerless and unique are ye that who is meet with you to stay?
Why are you of all flowers the only ones to burst the last in bloom?
Why in such silence plunge139 the garden dew and the frost in the hall?
When wild geese homeward fly and crickets sicken, do you think of me?
Do not tell me that in the world none of you grow with power of speech?
But if ye fathom what I say, why not converse140 with me a while?
“Pinning the chrysanthemums in the hair,” by the “Visitor under the banana trees.”
I put some in a vase, and plant some by the hedge, so day by day I have ample to do.
I pluck them, yet don’t fancy they are meant for girls to pin before the glass in their coiffure.
My mania141 for these flowers is just as keen as was that of the squire142, who once lived in Ch’ang An.
I rave143 as much for them as raved144 Mr. P’eng Tsê, when he was under the effects of wine.
Cold is the short hair on his temples and moistened with dew, which on it dripped from the three paths.
His flaxen turban is suffused145 with the sweet fragrance of the autumn frost in the ninth moon.
That strong weakness of mine to pin them in my hair is viewed with sneers146 by my contemporaries.
They clap their hands, but they are free to laugh at me by the roadside as much us e’er they list.
“The shadow of the chrysanthemums,” by the “Old Friend of the hall reclining on the russet clouds.”
In layers upon layers their autumn splendour grows and e’er thick and thicker.
I make off furtively147, and stealthily transplant them from the three crossways.
The distant lamp, inside the window-frame, depicts148 their shade both far and near.
The hedge riddles149 the moon’s rays, like unto a sieve150, but the flowers stop the holes.
As their reflection cold and fragrant tarries here, their soul must too abide151.
The dew-dry spot beneath the flowers is so like them that what is said of dreams is trash.
Their precious shadows, full of subtle scent, are trodden down to pieces here and there.
Could any one with eyes half closed from drinking, not mistake the shadow for the flowers.
“Dreaming of chrysanthemums,” by the “Hsiao Hsiang consort.”
What vivid dreams arise as I dose by the hedge amidst those autumn scenes!
Whether clouds bear me company or the moon be my mate, I can’t discern.
In fairyland I soar, not that I would become a butterfly like Chang.
So long I for my old friend T’ao, the magistrate, that I again seek him.
In a sound sleep I fell; but so soon as the wild geese cried, they broke my rest.
The chirp152 of the cicadas gave me such a start that I bear them a grudge.
My secret wrongs to whom can I go and divulge153, when I wake up from sleep?
The faded flowers and the cold mist make my feelings of anguish know no bounds.
“Fading of the chrysanthemums,” by the “Visitor under the banana trees.”
The dew congeals154; the frost waxes in weight; and gradually dwindles155 their bloom.
After the feast, with the flower show, follows the season of the ‘little snow.’
The stalks retain still some redundant156 smell, but the flowers’ golden tinge157 is faint.
The stems do not bear sign of even one whole leaf; their verdure is all past.
Naught but the chirp of crickets strikes my ear, while the moon shines on half my bed.
Near the cold clouds, distant a thousand li, a flock of wild geese slowly fly.
When autumn breaks again next year, I feel certain that we will meet once more.
We part, but only for a time, so don’t let us indulge in anxious thoughts.
Each stanza they read they praised; and they heaped upon each other incessant158 eulogiums.
“Let me now criticise them; I’ll do so with all fairness!” Li Wan smiled. “As I glance over the page,” she said, “I find that each of you has some distinct admirable sentiments; but in order to be impartial159 in my criticism to-day, I must concede the first place to: ‘Singing the chrysanthemums;’ the second to: ‘Asking the chrysanthemums;’ and the third to: ‘Dreaming of chrysanthemums.’ The original nature of the themes makes the verses full of originality, and their conception still more original. But we must allow to the ‘Hsiao Hsiang consort’ the credit of being the best; next in order following: ‘Pinning chrysanthemums in the hair,’ ‘Facing the chrysanthemums,’ ‘Putting the chrysanthemums, in vases,’ ‘Drawing the chrysanthemums,’ and ‘Longing for chrysanthemums,’ as second best.”
This decision filled Pao-yü with intense gratification. Clapping his hands, “Quite right! it’s most just,” he shouted.
“My verses are worth nothing!” Tai-yü remarked. “Their fault, after all, is that they are a little too minutely subtile.”
“They are subtile but good,” Li Wan rejoined; “for there’s no artificialness or stiffness about them.”
“According to my views,” Tai-yü observed, “the best line is:
“‘When cold holdeth the park and the sun’s rays do slant, I long and
yearn for you, old friends.’
“The metonomy:
“‘I fling my book aside and turn my gaze upon a twig of autumn.’
is already admirable! She has dealt so exhaustively with ‘putting chrysanthemums in a vase’ that she has left nothing unsaid that could be said, and has had in consequence to turn her thought back and consider the time anterior160 to their being plucked and placed in vases. Her sentiments are profound!”
“What you say is certainly so,” explained Li Wan smiling; “but that line of yours:
“‘Some scent I hold by the side of my mouth,. . . . ’
“beats that.”
“After all,” said T’an Ch’un, “we must admit that there’s depth of thought in those of the ‘Princess of Heng Wu’ with:
“’ . . . in autumn all trace of you is gone;’
“and
“’ . . . my dreams then know something of you!’
“They really make the meaning implied by the words ‘long for’ stand out clearly.”
“Those passages of yours:
“‘Cold is the short hair on his temples and moistened. . . . ’
“and
“‘His flaxen turban is suffused with the sweet fragrance. . . .;’”
laughingly observed Puo-ch’ai, “likewise bring out the idea of ‘pinning the chrysanthemums in the hair’ so thoroughly that one couldn’t get a loop hole for fault-finding.”
Hsiang-yün then smiled.
“’ . . . who is meet with you to stay’”
she said, “and
“’ . . . burst the last in bloom.’
“are questions so straight to the point set to the chrysanthemums, that they are quite at a loss what answer to give.”
“Were what you say:
“‘I sit with head uncovered. . . . ’
“and
“’ . . . clasping my knees, I hum my lays. . . . ’
“as if you couldn’t, in fact, tear yourself away for even a moment from them,” Li Wan laughed, “to come to the knowledge of the chrysanthemums, why, they would certainly be sick and tired of you.”
This joke made every one laugh.
“I’m last again!” smiled Pao-yü. “Is it likely that:
“‘Who plants the flowers?. . . .
. . . in autumn where do they go?
With sandals waxed I come from distant shores;. . . .
. . . and as on this cold day I can’t exhaust my song;. . . . ’
“do not all forsooth amount to searching for chrysanthemums? And that
“‘Last night they got a shower. . . .
And this morn . . . bedecked with frost,’
“don’t both bear on planting them? But unfortunately they can’t come up to these lines:
“‘Some scent I hold by the side of my mouth and turning to the moon I
sing my sentiments.’
‘In their pure and cool fragrance, clasping my knees I hum my lays.’
‘ . . . short hair on his temples. . . . ’
‘His flaxen turban. . . .
. . . golden tinge is faint.
. . . verdure is all past.
. . . in autumn . . . all trace of you is gone.
. . . my dreams then know something of you.’
“But to-morrow,” he proceeded, “if I have got nothing to do, I’ll write twelve stanzas my self.”
“Yours are also good,” Li Wan pursued, “the only thing is that they aren’t as full of original conception as those other lines, that’s all.”
But after a few further criticisms, they asked for some more warm crabs; and, helping161 themselves, as soon as they were brought, from the large circular table, they regaled themselves for a time.
“With the crabs to-day in one’s hand and the olea before one’s eyes, one cannot help inditing162 verses,” Pao-yü smiled. “I’ve already thought of a few; but will any of you again have the pluck to devise any?”
With this challenge, he there and then hastily washed his hands and picking up a pen he wrote out what, his companions found on perusal, to run in this strain:
When in my hands I clasp a crab what most enchants163 my heart is the cassia’s cool shade.
While I pour vinegar and ground ginger, I feel from joy as if I would go mad.
With so much gluttony the prince’s grandson eats his crabs that he should have some wine.
The side-walking young gentleman has no intestines in his frame at all.
I lose sight in my greediness that in my stomach cold accumulates.
To my fingers a strong smell doth adhere and though I wash them yet the smell clings fast.
The main secret of this is that men in this world make much of food.
The P’o Spirit has laughed at them that all their lives they only seek to eat.
“I could readily compose a hundred stanzas with such verses in no time,” Tai-yü observed with a sarcastic164 smile.
“Your mental energies are now long ago exhausted,” Pao-yü rejoined laughingly, “and instead of confessing your inability to devise any, you still go on heaping invective165 upon people!”
Tai-yü, upon catching166 this insinuation, made no reply of any kind; but slightly raising her head she hummed something to herself for a while, and then taking up a pen she completed a whole stanza with a few dashes.
The company then read her lines. They consisted of —
E’en after death, their armour167 and their lengthy168 spears are never cast away.
So nice they look, piled in the plate, that first to taste them I’d fain be.
In every pair of legs they have, the crabs are full of tender jade-like meat.
Each piece of ruddy fat, which in their shell bumps up, emits a fragrant smell.
Besides much meat, they have a greater relish169 for me still, eight feet as well.
Who bids me drink a thousand cups of wine in order to enhance my joy?
What time I can behold170 their luscious food, with the fine season doth accord
When cassias wave with fragrance pure, and the chrysanthemums are decked with frost.
Pao-yü had just finished conning171 it over and was beginning to sing its praise, when Tai-yü, with one snatch, tore it to pieces and bade a servant go and burn it.
“As my compositions can’t come up to yours,” she then observed, “I’ll burn it. Yours is capital, much better than the lines you wrote a little time back on the chrysanthemums, so keep it for the benefit of others.”
“I’ve likewise succeeded, after much effort, in putting together a stanza,” Pao-ch’ai laughingly remarked. “It cannot, of course, be worth much, but I’ll put it down for fun’s sake.”
As she spoke, she too wrote down her lines. When they came to look at them, they read —
On this bright beauteous day, I bask43 in the dryandra shade, with a cup in my hand.
When I was at Ch’ang An, with drivelling mouth, I longed for the ninth day of the ninth moon.
The road stretches before their very eyes, but they can’t tell between straight and transverse.
Under their shells in spring and autumn only reigns172 a vacuum, yellow and black.
At this point, they felt unable to refrain from shouting: “Excellent!” “She abuses in fine style!” Pao-yü shouted. “But my lines should also be committed to the flames.”
The company thereupon scanned the remainder of the stanza, which was couched in this wise:
When all the stock of wine is gone, chrysanthemums then use to scour173 away the smell.
So as to counteract174 their properties of gath’ring cold, fresh ginger you should take.
Alas175! now that they have been dropped into the boiling pot, what good do they derive176?
About the moonlit river banks there but remains177 the fragrant aroma178 of corn.
At the close of their perusal, they with one voice, explained that this was a first-rate song on crab-eating; that minor179 themes of this kind should really conceal180 lofty thoughts, before they could be held to be of any great merit, and that the only thing was that it chaffed people rather too virulently181.
But while they were engaged in conversation, P’ing Erh was again seen coming into the garden. What she wanted is not, however, yet known; so, reader, peruse182 the details given in the subsequent chapter.
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1
chrysanthemums
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| n.菊花( chrysanthemum的名词复数 ) | |
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crab
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| n.螃蟹，偏航，脾气乖戾的人，酸苹果；vi.捕蟹，偏航，发牢骚；vt.使偏航，发脾气 | |
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crabs
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| n.蟹( crab的名词复数 )；阴虱寄生病；蟹肉v.捕蟹( crab的第三人称单数 ) | |
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memorable
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| adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的 | |
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wan
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| (wide area network)广域网 | |
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collation
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| n.便餐；整理 | |
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fragrance
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| n.芬芳，香味，香气 | |
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pellucid
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| adj.透明的，简单的 | |
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refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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assented
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| 同意，赞成( assent的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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approbation
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| n.称赞；认可 | |
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ushered
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| v.引，领，陪同( usher的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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16
ascended
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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18
utensils
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| 器具，用具，器皿( utensil的名词复数 )； 器物 | |
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19
vehemence
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| n.热切；激烈；愤怒 | |
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20
scrupulously
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| adv.一丝不苟地；小心翼翼地，多顾虑地 | |
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21
thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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22
utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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23
scrolls
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| n.（常用于录写正式文件的）纸卷( scroll的名词复数 )；卷轴；涡卷形（装饰）；卷形花纹v.（电脑屏幕上）从上到下移动（资料等），卷页( scroll的第三人称单数 )；（似卷轴般）卷起；（像展开卷轴般地）将文字显示于屏幕 | |
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24
fragrant
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| adj.芬香的，馥郁的，愉快的 | |
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oar
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| n.桨，橹，划手；v.划行 | |
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26
underneath
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| adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面 | |
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27
wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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28
bruises
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| n.瘀伤，伤痕，擦伤( bruise的名词复数 ) | |
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29
blessing
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| n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿 | |
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blessings
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| n.（上帝的）祝福( blessing的名词复数 )；好事；福分；因祸得福 | |
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31
longevity
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| n.长命；长寿 | |
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conducive
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| adj.有益的，有助的 | |
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bulged
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| 凸出( bulge的过去式和过去分词 )； 充满； 塞满（某物） | |
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scapegoat
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| n.替罪的羔羊，替人顶罪者；v.使…成为替罪羊 | |
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evoke
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| vt.唤起，引起，使人想起 | |
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glib
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| adj.圆滑的，油嘴滑舌的 | |
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rend
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| vt.把…撕开，割裂；把…揪下来，强行夺取 | |
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38
intestines
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| n.肠( intestine的名词复数 ) | |
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39
impunity
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| n.(惩罚、损失、伤害等的)免除 | |
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40
unreasonable
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| adj.不讲道理的，不合情理的，过度的 | |
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41
propriety
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| n.正当行为；正当；适当 | |
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42
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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bask
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| vt.取暖，晒太阳，沐浴于 | |
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44
scooped
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| v.抢先报道( scoop的过去式和过去分词 )；（敏捷地）抱起；抢先获得；用铲[勺]等挖（洞等） | |
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45
scented
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| adj.有香味的；洒香水的；有气味的v.嗅到(scent的过去分词) | |
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46
scent
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| n.气味，香味，香水，线索，嗅觉；v.嗅，发觉 | |
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47
rinse
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| v.用清水漂洗，用清水冲洗 | |
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retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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50
refreshments
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| n.点心,便餐;(会议后的)简单茶点招 待 | |
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51
grudge
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| n.不满，怨恨，妒嫉；vt.勉强给，不情愿做 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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replenished
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| 补充( replenish的过去式和过去分词 )； 重新装满 | |
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54
ginger
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| n.姜，精力，淡赤黄色；adj.淡赤黄色的；vt.使活泼，使有生气 | |
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captious
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| adj.难讨好的，吹毛求疵的 | |
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lien
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| n.扣押权，留置权 | |
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crimson
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| n./adj.深(绯)红色(的)；vi.脸变绯红色 | |
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filthy
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| adj.卑劣的；恶劣的，肮脏的 | |
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smear
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| v.涂抹；诽谤，玷污；n.污点；诽谤，污蔑 | |
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taunt
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| n.辱骂，嘲弄；v.嘲弄 | |
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reviled
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| v.辱骂，痛斥( revile的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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boisterous
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| adj.喧闹的，欢闹的 | |
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upbraided
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| v.责备，申斥，谴责( upbraid的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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gorging
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| v.（用食物把自己）塞饱，填饱( gorge的现在分词 )；作呕 | |
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consecutively
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| adv.连续地 | |
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inquiries
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| n.调查( inquiry的名词复数 )；疑问；探究；打听 | |
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tickled
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| （使）发痒( tickle的过去式和过去分词 )； （使）愉快，逗乐 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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inmates
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| n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 ) | |
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overload
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| vt.使超载；n.超载 | |
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rinsed
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| v.漂洗( rinse的过去式和过去分词 )；冲洗；用清水漂洗掉（肥皂泡等）；（用清水）冲掉 | |
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prudent
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| adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的 | |
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acquiesced
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| v.默认，默许( acquiesce的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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exuberant
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| adj.充满活力的；（植物）繁茂的 | |
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obedience
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| n.服从，顺从 | |
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luscious
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| adj.美味的；芬芳的；肉感的，引与性欲的 | |
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wholesome
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| adj.适合；卫生的；有益健康的；显示身心健康的 | |
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alacrity
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| n.敏捷，轻快，乐意 | |
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retraced
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| v.折回( retrace的过去式和过去分词 )；回忆；回顾；追溯 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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originality
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| n.创造力，独创性；新颖 | |
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84
perusal
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| n.细读，熟读；目测 | |
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85
deter
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| vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住 | |
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86
embroidered
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| adj．绣花的 | |
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87
twig
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| n.小树枝，嫩枝；v.理解 | |
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88
petals
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| n.花瓣( petal的名词复数 ) | |
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89
nibble
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| n.轻咬，啃；v.一点点地咬，慢慢啃，吹毛求疵 | |
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90
beckoned
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| v.（用头或手的动作）示意，召唤( beckon的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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91
willows
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| n.柳树( willow的名词复数 )；柳木 | |
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92
specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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93
ornamented
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| adj.花式字体的v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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94
transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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95
remonstrated
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| v.抗议( remonstrate的过去式和过去分词 )；告诫 | |
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96
distilled
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| adj.由蒸馏得来的v.蒸馏( distil的过去式和过去分词 )；从…提取精华 | |
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97
sip
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| v.小口地喝，抿，呷；n.一小口的量 | |
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98
stanza
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| n.（诗）节，段 | |
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99
distinctive
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| adj.特别的，有特色的，与众不同的 | |
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100
affixed
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| adj.[医]附着的，附着的v.附加( affix的过去式和过去分词 )；粘贴；加以；盖（印章） | |
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101
affix
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| n.附件，附录 vt.附贴，盖(章)，签署 | |
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102
permissible
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| adj.可允许的，许可的 | |
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103
chambers
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| n.房间( chamber的名词复数 )；（议会的）议院；卧室；会议厅 | |
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104
jointly
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| ad.联合地，共同地 | |
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105
albeit
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| conj.即使；纵使；虽然 | |
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106
transcribed
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| （用不同的录音手段）转录( transcribe的过去式和过去分词 )； 改编（乐曲）（以适应他种乐器或声部）； 抄写； 用音标标出（声音） | |
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107
affixing
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| v.附加( affix的现在分词 )；粘贴；加以；盖（印章） | |
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108
anguish
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| n.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼 | |
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109
yearn
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| v.想念；怀念；渴望 | |
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110
naught
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| n.无，零 [=nought] | |
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111
depressed
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| adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的 | |
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112
trudge
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| v.步履艰难地走；n.跋涉，费力艰难的步行 | |
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113
stanzas
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| 节，段( stanza的名词复数 ) | |
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114
ecstasies
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| 狂喜( ecstasy的名词复数 )； 出神； 入迷； 迷幻药 | |
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115
misuse
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| n.误用，滥用；vt.误用，滥用 | |
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116
steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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117
lute
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| n.琵琶，鲁特琴 | |
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118
quaff
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| v.一饮而尽；痛饮 | |
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119
joyful
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| adj.欢乐的，令人欢欣的 | |
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120
adorn
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| vt.使美化，装饰 | |
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121
slant
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| v.倾斜，倾向性地编写或报道；n.斜面，倾向 | |
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122
consort
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| v.相伴；结交 | |
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123
frenzy
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| n.疯狂，狂热，极度的激动 | |
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124
emanate
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| v.发自，来自，出自 | |
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125
recondite
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| adj.深奥的，难解的 | |
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126
woes
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| 困境( woe的名词复数 )； 悲伤； 我好苦哇； 某人就要倒霉 | |
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127
scanty
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| adj.缺乏的，仅有的，节省的，狭小的，不够的 | |
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128
fathom
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| v.领悟，彻底了解 | |
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129
magistrate
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| n.地方行政官，地方法官，治安官 | |
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130
criticise
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| v.批评，评论；非难 | |
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131
renown
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| n.声誉，名望 | |
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132
extolled
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| v.赞颂，赞扬，赞美( extol的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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133
pigments
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| n.（粉状）颜料( pigment的名词复数 )；天然色素 | |
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134
specks
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| n.眼镜；斑点，微粒，污点( speck的名词复数 ) | |
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135
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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136
semblance
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| n.外貌，外表 | |
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137
leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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138
solace
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| n.安慰；v.使快乐；vt.安慰(物)，缓和 | |
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139
plunge
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| v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲 | |
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140
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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141
mania
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| n.疯狂；躁狂症，狂热，癖好 | |
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142
squire
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| n.护卫, 侍从, 乡绅 | |
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143
rave
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| vi.胡言乱语；热衷谈论；n.热情赞扬 | |
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144
raved
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| v.胡言乱语( rave的过去式和过去分词 )；愤怒地说；咆哮；痴心地说 | |
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145
suffused
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| v.（指颜色、水气等）弥漫于，布满( suffuse的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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146
sneers
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| 讥笑的表情（言语）( sneer的名词复数 ) | |
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147
furtively
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| adv. 偷偷地, 暗中地 | |
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148
depicts
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| 描绘，描画( depict的第三人称单数 )； 描述 | |
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149
riddles
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| n.谜（语）( riddle的名词复数 )；猜不透的难题，难解之谜 | |
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150
sieve
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| n.筛，滤器，漏勺 | |
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151
abide
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| vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受 | |
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152
chirp
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| v.(尤指鸟)唧唧喳喳的叫 | |
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153
divulge
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| v.泄漏(秘密等)；宣布，公布 | |
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154
congeals
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| v.使凝结，冻结( congeal的第三人称单数 )；（指血）凝结 | |
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155
dwindles
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| v.逐渐变少或变小( dwindle的第三人称单数 ) | |
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156
redundant
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| adj.多余的，过剩的；(食物)丰富的；被解雇的 | |
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157
tinge
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| vt.(较淡)着色于，染色；使带有…气息；n.淡淡色彩，些微的气息 | |
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158
incessant
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| adj.不停的，连续的 | |
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159
impartial
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| adj.(in,to)公正的，无偏见的 | |
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160
anterior
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| adj.较早的；在前的 | |
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161
helping
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| n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的 | |
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162
inditing
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| v.写（文章，信等）创作，赋诗，创作( indite的现在分词 ) | |
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163
enchants
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| 使欣喜，使心醉( enchant的第三人称单数 )； 用魔法迷惑 | |
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164
sarcastic
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| adj.讥讽的，讽刺的，嘲弄的 | |
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165
invective
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| n.痛骂，恶意抨击 | |
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166
catching
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| adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住 | |
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167
armour
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| （=armor）n.盔甲；装甲部队 | |
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168
lengthy
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| adj.漫长的，冗长的 | |
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169
relish
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| n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味 | |
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170
behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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171
conning
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| v.诈骗，哄骗( con的现在分词 )；指挥操舵( conn的现在分词 ) | |
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172
reigns
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| n.君主的统治( reign的名词复数 )；君主统治时期；任期；当政期 | |
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173
scour
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| v.搜索；擦，洗，腹泻，冲刷 | |
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174
counteract
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| vt.对…起反作用，对抗，抵消 | |
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175
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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176
derive
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| v.取得；导出；引申；来自；源自；出自 | |
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177
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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178
aroma
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| n.香气，芬芳，芳香 | |
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179
minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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180
conceal
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 | |
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181
virulently
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| 恶毒地，狠毒地 | |
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182
peruse
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| v.细读，精读 | |
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