Part 2 Book 7 Chapter 8 Faith, Law

A few words more.

We blame the church when she is saturated¹ with intrigues², we despise the spiritual which is harsh toward the temporal; but we everywhere honor the thoughtful man.

We salute³ the man who kneels.

A faith; this is a necessity for man. Woe⁴ to him who believes nothing.

One is not unoccupied because one is absorbed. There is visible labor⁵ and invisible labor.

To contemplate⁶ is to labor, to think is to act.

Folded arms toil⁷, clasped hands work. A gaze fixed⁸ on heaven is a work.

Thales remained motionless for four years. He founded philosophy.

In our opinion, cenobites are not lazy men, and recluses⁹ are not idlers.

To meditate¹⁰ on the Shadow is a serious thing.

Without invalidating anything that we have just said, we believe that a perpetual memory of the tomb is proper for the living. On this point, the priest and the philosopher agree. We must die. The Abbe de la Trappe replies to Horace.

To mingle¹¹ with one's life a certain presence of the sepulchre,-- this is the law of the sage¹²; and it is the law of the ascetic¹³. In this respect, the ascetic and the sage converge¹⁴. There is a material growth; we admit it. There is a moral grandeur¹⁵; we hold to that. Thoughtless and vivacious¹⁶ spirits say:--

"What is the good of those motionless figures on the side of mystery? What purpose do they serve? What do they do?"

Alas¹⁷! In the presence of the darkness which environs us, and which awaits us, in our ignorance of what the immense dispersion will make of us, we reply: "There is probably no work more divine than that performed by these souls." And we add: "There is probably no work which is more useful."

There certainly must be some who pray constantly for those who never pray at all.

In our opinion the whole question lies in the amount of thought that is mingled¹⁸ with prayer.

Leibnitz praying is grand, Voltaire adoring is fine. Deo erexit Voltaire.

We are for religion as against religions.

We are of the number who believe in the wretchedness of orisons, and the sublimity¹⁹ of prayer.

Moreover, at this minute which we are now traversing,--a minute which will not, fortunately, leave its impress on the nineteenth century,-- at this hour, when so many men have low brows and souls but little elevated, among so many mortals whose morality consists in enjoyment²⁰, and who are busied with the brief and misshapen things of matter, whoever exiles himself seems worthy²¹ of veneration²² to us.

The monastery²³ is a renunciation. Sacrifice wrongly directed is still sacrifice. To mistake a grave error for a duty has a grandeur of its own.

Taken by itself, and ideally, and in order to examine the truth on all sides until all aspects have been impartially²⁴ exhausted²⁵, the monastery, the female convent in particular,--for in our century it is woman who suffers the most, and in this exile of the cloister²⁶ there is something of protestation,--the female convent has incontestably a certain majesty²⁷.

This cloistered²⁸ existence which is so austere²⁹, so depressing, a few of whose features we have just traced, is not life, for it is not liberty; it is not the tomb, for it is not plenitude; it is the strange place whence one beholds³⁰, as from the crest³¹ of a lofty mountain, on one side the abyss where we are, on the other, the abyss whither we shall go; it is the narrow and misty³² frontier separating two worlds, illuminated³³ and obscured by both at the same time, where the ray of life which has become enfeebled is mingled with the vague ray of death; it is the half obscurity of the tomb.

We, who do not believe what these women believe, but who, like them, live by faith,--we have never been able to think without a sort of tender and religious terror, without a sort of pity, that is full of envy, of those devoted³⁴, trembling and trusting creatures, of these humble³⁵ and august souls, who dare to dwell on the very brink³⁶ of the mystery, waiting between the world which is closed and heaven which is not yet open, turned towards the light which one cannot see, possessing the sole happiness of thinking that they know where it is, aspiring³⁷ towards the gulf³⁸, and the unknown, their eyes fixed motionless on the darkness, kneeling, bewildered, stupefied, shuddering³⁹, half lifted, at times, by the deep breaths of eternity⁴⁰.

还有几句话。

我们谴责充满阴谋的教会，蔑视政权的教权，但是我们处处尊崇那种思考问题的人。

我们向跪着的人致敬。

信仰，为人所必须。什么也不信的人不会有幸福。

人并不因为潜心静思而成为无所事事的人。有有形的劳动和无形的劳动。

静观，这是劳动，思想，这是行动。交叉着的胳膊能工作，合拢了的手掌能有所作为。注视苍穹也是一种业绩。

泰勒斯①静坐四年，他奠定了哲学。

①泰勒斯（Thalès），第一个有史可考的古希腊哲学的代表，自发唯物主义米和都学派的奠基者，生于公元前六世纪。　　

在我们看来，静修者不是游手好闲的人，违世遁俗的人也不是懒汉。

神游窈冥昏默之乡是一件严肃的事。

如果不故意歪曲我们刚才所说的那些话，我们认为对坟墓念念不忘，这对世人是适当的。在这一点上，神甫和哲学家的见解是一致的。“人都有一死。”特拉帕苦修会①的修院院长和贺拉斯②所见略同。

生不忘死，那是先哲的法则，也是苦修僧的法则。在这方面，修士和哲人的见解一致。

物质的繁荣，我们需要，意识的崇高，我们坚持。

心浮气躁的人说：

“那些一动不动待在死亡边缘上的偶像要他们干什么？他们有什么用？他们干些什么？”

唉！围绕我们和等待我们的是一团黑暗，我们也不知道那无边的散射将怎样对待我们，因此我们回答：“也许那些人的建树是无比卓绝的。”而且我们还得补充一句：“也许没有更为有效的工作了。”

总得有这么一些人来为不肯祈祷的人不停地祈祷。

我们认为问题的关健在于蕴藏在祈祷中的思想的多少。

祈祷中的莱布尼茨③是伟大的，崇拜中的伏尔泰是壮美的。“伏尔泰仰望上帝。”

①特拉帕苦修会（la　Trappe），天主教隐修院修会之一，一六六四年建立。

②贺拉斯（Horace），纪元前一世纪罗马著名诗人。

③莱布尼茨（Leibnitz，1646?716），伟大的德国数学家、唯心主义哲学家。

我们为保护宗教而反对各种宗教。

我们相信经文的空洞和祈祷的卓越。

此外，在我们现在所处的这一会儿棗这一幸而没留下该会规章十分严格，主张终身素食，永久缄口，只以手势示意，足不出院，故有“哑巴会”和“苦修会”之称。

十九世纪痕迹的一会儿，这多少人低着头鼓不起劲的一会儿，在这充满以享乐为荣、以追求短促无聊的物质享受为急务的行尸走肉的环境中，凡是离群遁世的人总是可敬的。修院是退让的地方，意义不明的自我牺牲总还是牺牲。把一种严重的错误当作天职来奉行，这自有它的伟大之处。

如果我们把修院，尤其是女修院棗因为在我们的社会里，妇女受苦最深，并且在那种与世隔绝的修院生活里，也有隆重的诺言棗置于真理的光中，用理想的尺度，就其本质，从各个角度加以公正和彻底的分析，我们便会感到妇女的修院，无可否认，确有其庄严的地方。

我们指出了一鳞半爪的那种极其严峻惨淡的修院生涯，那不是人生，因为没有自由，也不是坟墓，因为还不圆满，那是一种奇特的场所，在那里人们有如置身高山之巅，朝这一面可以望见我们现在所处的世界，朝另一面又可以望见我们即将前往的世界，那是两个世界接壤的狭窄地带，那里雾霭茫茫，依稀隐现在两个世界之中，生命的残晖和死亡的冥色交相辉映，这是墓中半明半暗的光。

至于我们，虽不相信这些妇女所信之事物，却也和她们一样是生活在信仰中的，当我们想到这些心惊胆战而又充满信心和诚意的女性，这些谦卑严肃的心灵，她们敢于生活在神秘世界的边缘，守在已经谢绝的人世和尚未开放的天国之间，朝着那看不见的光辉，仅凭心中一点所谓自知之明而引为无上幸福，一心向往着万仞深渊和未知世界，两眼注视着毫无动静的黑暗，双膝下跪，胸中激动，惊愕，战栗，有时一阵来自太空的长风把她们吹得飘飘欲起，当我们想到那些情形时，总不免愀然动容，又惊又敬，如见神明，悲悯和钦羡之情油然而起。

1 saturated   

a.饱和的，充满的

参考例句：

• The continuous rain had saturated the soil. 连绵不断的雨把土地淋了个透。
• a saturated solution of sodium chloride 氯化钠饱和溶液

2 intrigues   

n.密谋策划( intrigue的名词复数 )；神秘气氛；引人入胜的复杂情节v.搞阴谋诡计( intrigue的第三人称单数 )；激起…的好奇心

参考例句：

• He was made king as a result of various intrigues. 由于搞了各种各样的阴谋，他当上了国王。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Those who go in for intrigues and conspiracy are doomed to failure. 搞阴谋诡计的人注定要失败。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

3 salute   

vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮

参考例句：

• Merchant ships salute each other by dipping the flag.商船互相点旗致敬。
• The Japanese women salute the people with formal bows in welcome.这些日本妇女以正式的鞠躬向人们施礼以示欢迎。

4 woe   

n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌

参考例句：

• Our two peoples are brothers sharing weal and woe.我们两国人民是患难与共的兄弟。
• A man is well or woe as he thinks himself so.自认祸是祸，自认福是福。

5 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

6 contemplate   

vt.盘算，计议；周密考虑；注视，凝视

参考例句：

• The possibility of war is too horrifying to contemplate.战争的可能性太可怕了，真不堪细想。
• The consequences would be too ghastly to contemplate.后果不堪设想。

7 toil   

vi.辛劳工作，艰难地行动；n.苦工，难事

参考例句：

• The wealth comes from the toil of the masses.财富来自大众的辛勤劳动。
• Every single grain is the result of toil.每一粒粮食都来之不易。

8 fixed   

adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

• Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
• Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

9 recluses   

n.隐居者，遁世者，隐士( recluse的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Except for hermits and recluses, who shun company, most people are gregarious. 除规避人群的隐士及遁世者外，大部分人都是喜好群居的。 来自互联网

10 meditate   

v.想，考虑，（尤指宗教上的）沉思，冥想

参考例句：

• It is important to meditate on the meaning of life.思考人生的意义很重要。
• I was meditating,and reached a higher state of consciousness.我在冥想，并进入了一个更高的意识境界。

11 mingle   

vt.使混合，使相混；vi.混合起来；相交往

参考例句：

• If we mingle with the crowd,we should not be noticed.如果我们混在人群中，就不会被注意到。
• Oil will not mingle with water.油和水不相融。

12 sage   

n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的

参考例句：

• I was grateful for the old man's sage advice.我很感激那位老人贤明的忠告。
• The sage is the instructor of a hundred ages.这位哲人是百代之师。

13 ascetic   

adj.禁欲的；严肃的

参考例句：

• The hermit followed an ascetic life-style.这个隐士过的是苦行生活。
• This is achieved by strict celibacy and ascetic practices.这要通过严厉的独身生活和禁欲修行而达到。

14 converge   

vi.会合；聚集，集中；(思想、观点等)趋近

参考例句：

• The results converge towards this truth.其结果趋近于这个真理。
• Parallel lines converge at infinity.平行线永不相交。

15 grandeur   

n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华

参考例句：

• The grandeur of the Great Wall is unmatched.长城的壮观是独一无二的。
• These ruins sufficiently attest the former grandeur of the place.这些遗迹充分证明此处昔日的宏伟。

16 vivacious   

adj.活泼的，快活的

参考例句：

• She is an artless,vivacious girl.她是一个天真活泼的女孩。
• The picture has a vivacious artistic conception.这幅画气韵生动。

17 alas   

int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等)

参考例句：

• Alas!The window is broken!哎呀！窗子破了！
• Alas,the truth is less romantic.然而，真理很少带有浪漫色彩。

18 mingled   

混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系]

参考例句：

• The sounds of laughter and singing mingled in the evening air. 笑声和歌声交织在夜空中。
• The man and the woman mingled as everyone started to relax. 当大家开始放松的时候，这一男一女就开始交往了。

19 sublimity   

崇高，庄严，气质高尚

参考例句：

• It'suggests no crystal waters, no picturesque shores, no sublimity. 这决不会叫人联想到晶莹的清水，如画的两岸，雄壮的气势。
• Huckleberry was filled with admiration of Tom's facility in writing, and the sublimity of his language. 对汤姆流利的书写、响亮的内容，哈克贝利心悦诚服。

20 enjoyment   

n.乐趣；享有；享用

参考例句：

• Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉快了。
• After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。

21 worthy   

adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的

参考例句：

• I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
• There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。

22 veneration   

n.尊敬，崇拜

参考例句：

• I acquired lasting respect for tradition and veneration for the past.我开始对传统和历史产生了持久的敬慕。
• My father venerated General Eisenhower.我父亲十分敬仰艾森豪威尔将军。

23 monastery   

n.修道院，僧院，寺院

参考例句：

• They found an icon in the monastery.他们在修道院中发现了一个圣像。
• She was appointed the superior of the monastery two years ago.两年前她被任命为这个修道院的院长。

24 impartially   

adv.公平地，无私地

参考例句：

• Employers must consider all candidates impartially and without bias. 雇主必须公平而毫无成见地考虑所有求职者。
• We hope that they're going to administer justice impartially. 我们希望他们能主持正义，不偏不倚。

25 exhausted   

adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的

参考例句：

• It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长，到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
• Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。

26 cloister   

n.修道院；v.隐退，使与世隔绝

参考例句：

• They went out into the stil,shadowy cloister garden.他们出了房间，走到那个寂静阴沉的修道院的园子里去。
• The ancient cloister was a structure of red brick picked out with white stone.古老的修道院是一座白石衬托着的红砖建筑物。

27 majesty   

n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权

参考例句：

• The king had unspeakable majesty.国王有无法形容的威严。
• Your Majesty must make up your mind quickly!尊贵的陛下，您必须赶快做出决定！

28 cloistered   

adj.隐居的，躲开尘世纷争的v.隐退，使与世隔绝( cloister的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• the cloistered world of the university 与世隔绝的大学
• She cloistered herself in the office. 她呆在办公室里好像与世隔绝一样。 来自《简明英汉词典》

29 austere   

adj.艰苦的；朴素的，朴实无华的；严峻的

参考例句：

• His way of life is rather austere.他的生活方式相当简朴。
• The room was furnished in austere style.这间屋子的陈设都很简单朴素。

30 beholds   

v.看，注视( behold的第三人称单数 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟

参考例句：

• He who beholds the gods against their will, shall atone for it by a heavy penalty. 谁违背神的意志看见了神，就要受到重罚以赎罪。 来自辞典例句
• All mankind has gazed on it; Man beholds it from afar. 25?所行的，万人都看见；世人都从远处观看。 来自互联网

31 crest   

n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖

参考例句：

• The rooster bristled his crest.公鸡竖起了鸡冠。
• He reached the crest of the hill before dawn.他于黎明前到达山顶。

32 misty   

adj.雾蒙蒙的，有雾的

参考例句：

• He crossed over to the window to see if it was still misty.他走到窗户那儿，看看是不是还有雾霭。
• The misty scene had a dreamy quality about it.雾景给人以梦幻般的感觉。

33 illuminated   

adj.被照明的；受启迪的

参考例句：

• Floodlights illuminated the stadium. 泛光灯照亮了体育场。
• the illuminated city at night 夜幕中万家灯火的城市

34 devoted   

adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

参考例句：

• He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

35 humble   

adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低

参考例句：

• In my humble opinion,he will win the election.依我拙见，他将在选举中获胜。
• Defeat and failure make people humble.挫折与失败会使人谦卑。

36 brink   

n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿

参考例句：

• The tree grew on the brink of the cliff.那棵树生长在峭壁的边缘。
• The two countries were poised on the brink of war.这两个国家处于交战的边缘。

37 aspiring   

adj.有志气的；有抱负的；高耸的v.渴望；追求

参考例句：

• Aspiring musicians need hours of practice every day. 想当音乐家就要每天练许多小时。
• He came from an aspiring working-class background. 他出身于有抱负的工人阶级家庭。 来自辞典例句

38 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

39 shuddering   

v.战栗( shudder的现在分词 )；发抖；（机器、车辆等）突然震动；颤动

参考例句：

• 'I am afraid of it,'she answered, shuddering. “我害怕，”她发着抖，说。 来自英汉文学 - 双城记
• She drew a deep shuddering breath. 她不由得打了个寒噤，深深吸了口气。 来自飘（部分）

40 eternity   

n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷

参考例句：

• The dull play seemed to last an eternity.这场乏味的剧似乎演个没完没了。
• Finally,Ying Tai and Shan Bo could be together for all of eternity.英台和山伯终能双宿双飞，永世相随。