ELEVENTH of Eleventh Month, 1758. -- This day I set out for Concord1; theQuarterly Meeting heretofore held there was now, by reason of a great increaseof members, divided into two by the agreement of Friends at our last YearlyMeeting. Here I met with our beloved friends Samuel Spavold and Mary Kirby fromEngland, and with Joseph White from Bucks3 County; the latter had taken leave ofhis family in order to go on a religious visit to Friends in England, and,through divine goodness, we were favoured with a strengthening opportunitytogether.
After this meeting I joined with my friends, Daniel Stanton and JohnScarborough, in visiting Friends who had slaves. At night we had a familymeeting at William Trimble's, many young people being there; and it was aprecious, reviving opportunity. Next morning we had a comfortable sitting witha sick neighbour, and thence to the burial of the corpse5 of a Friend atUwchland Meeting, at which were many people, and it was a time of divinefavour, after which we visited some who had slaves. In the evening we had afamily meeting at a Friend's house, where the channel of the gospel love wasopened, and my mind was comforted after a hard day's labour. The next day wewere at Goshen Monthly Meeting, and on the 18th attended the Quarterly Meetingat London Grove6, it being first held at that place. Here we met again with allthe before-mentioned Friends, and had some edifying7 meetings.
Near the conclusion of the meeting for business, Friends were incited8 toconstancy in supporting the testimony10 of truth, and reminded of the necessitywhich the disciples12 of Christ are under to attend principally to His businessas He is pleased to open it to us, and to be particularly careful to have ourminds redeemed13 from the love of wealth, and our outward affairs in as littleroom as may be, that no temporal concerns may entangle14 our affections, orhinder us from diligently15 following the dictates16 of truth in labouring topromote the pure spirit of meekness17 and heavenly-mindedness amongst thechildren of men in these days of calamity18 and distress19, wherein God is visitingour land with His just judgments21.
Each of these Quarterly Meetings was large and sat near eight hours. I hadoccasion to consider that it is a weighty thing to speak much in large meetingsfor business, for except our minds are rightly prepared, and we clearlyunderstand the case we speak to, instead of forwarding we hinder business, andmake more labour for those on whom the burden of the work is laid. If selfishviews or a partial spirit have any room in our minds, we are unfit for theLord's work; if we have a clear prospect22 of the business, and proper weight onour minds to speak, we should avoid useless apologies and repetitions. Wherepeople are gathered from far, and adjourning23 a meeting of business is attendedwith great difficulty, it behoves all to be cautious how they detain a meeting,especially when they have sat six or seven hours, and have a great distance toride home. After this meeting I rode home.
In the beginning of the twelfth month I joined in company with my friendsJohn Sykes and Daniel Stanton, in visiting such as had slaves. Some whosehearts were rightly exercised about them appeared to be glad of our visit, butin some places our way was more difficult. I often saw the necessity of keepingdown to that root from whence our concern proceeded, and have cause in reverentthankfulness humbly24 to bow down before the Lord, who was near to me, andpreserved my mind in calmness under some sharp conflicts, and begat a spirit ofsympathy and tenderness in me towards some who were grievously entangled25 by thespirit of this world.
First Month, 1759. -- Having found my mind drawn26 to visit some of the moreactive members in our Society at Philadelphia, who had slaves, I met my friendJohn Churchman there by agreement, and we continued about a week in the city.
We visited some that were sick, and some widows and their families, and theother part of our time was mostly employed in visiting such as had slaves. Itwas a time of deep exercise, but, looking often to the Lord for His assistance,He in unspeakable kindness favoured us with the influence of that Spirit whichcrucifies to the greatness and splendour of this world, and enabled us to gothrough some heavy labours, in which we found peace.
Twenty-fourth of Third Month, 1759. -- After attending our general SpringMeeting at Philadelphia I again joined with John Churchman on a visit to somewho had slaves in Philadelphia, and with thankfulness to our Heavenly Father Imay say that divine love and a true sympathizing tenderness of heart prevailedat times in this service.
Having at times perceived a shyness in some Friends of considerable notetowards me, I found an engagement in gospel love to pay a visit to one of them;and as I dwelt under the exercise, I felt a resignedness in my mind to go andtell him privately27 that I had a desire to have an opportunity with him alone;to this proposal he readily agreed, and then, in the fear of the Lord, thingsrelating to that shyness were searched to the bottom, and we had a largeconference, which, I believe was of use to both of us, and I am thankful thatway was opened for it.
Fourteenth of Sixth Month. -- Having felt drawings in my mind to visitFriends about Salem, and having the approbation28 of our Monthly Meeting, Iattended their Quarterly Meeting, and was out seven days, and attended sevenmeetings; in some of them I was chiefly silent; in others, through thebaptizing power of truth, my heart was enlarged in heavenly love, and I found anear fellowship with the brethren and sisters, in the manifold trials attendingtheir Christian29 progress through this world.
Seventh Month. -- I have found an increasing concern on my mind to visit someactive members in our Society who have slaves, and having no opportunity of thecompany of such as were named in the minutes of the Yearly Meeting, I went alone to their houses, and, in the fear of the Lord, acquainted them with theexercise I was under; and thus, sometimes by a few words, I found myselfdischarged from a heavy burden. After this, our friend John Churchman cominginto our province with a view to be at some meetings, and to join again in thevisit to those who had slaves, I bore him company in the said visit to someactive members, and found inward satisfaction.
At our Yearly Meeting this year, we had some weighty seasons, in which thepower of truth was largely extended, to the strengthening of the honest-minded.
As the epistles which were to be sent to the Yearly Meetings on this continentwere read, I observed that in most of them, both this year and the last, it wasrecommended to Friends to labour against buying and keeping slaves, and in someof them the subject was closely treated upon. As this practice hath long been aheavy exercise to me, and I have often waded30 through mortifying31 labours on thataccount, and at times in some meetings have been almost alone therein, I washumbly bowed in thankfulness in observing the increasing concern in ourreligious society, and seeing how the Lord was raising up and qualifyingservants for His work, not only in this respect, but for promoting the cause oftruth in general.
This meeting continued near a week. For several days, in the fore2 part of it,my mind was drawn into a deep inward stillness, and being at times covered withthe spirit of supplication32, my heart was secretly poured out before the Lord.
Near the conclusion of the meeting for business, way opened in the pureflowings of divine love for me to express what lay upon me, which, as it thenarose in my mind, was first to show how deep answers to deep in the hearts ofthe sincere and upright; though, in their different growths, they may not allhave attained33 to the same clearness in some points relating to our testimony.
And I was then led to mention the integrity and constancy of many martyrs34 whogave their lives for the testimony of Jesus, and yet, in some points they helddoctrines distinguishable from some which we hold, that, in all ages, wherepeople were faithful to the light and understanding which the Most Highafforded them, they found acceptance with Him, and though there may bedifferent ways of thinking amongst us in some particulars, yet, if we mutuallykeep to that spirit and power which crucifies to the world, which teaches us tobe content with things really needful, and to avoid all superfluities, and giveup our hearts to fear and serve the Lord, true unity4 may still be preservedamongst us; that, if those who were at times under sufferings on account ofsome scruples36 of conscience kept low and humble37, and in their conduct in lifemanifested a spirit of true charity, it would be more likely to reach thewitness in others, and be of more service in the Church, than if theirsufferings were attended with a contrary spirit and conduct. In this exercise Iwas drawn into a sympathizing tenderness with the sheep of Christ, howeverdistinguished one from another in this world, and the like disposition38 appeared to spread over others in the meeting. Great is the goodness of the Lord towardsHis poor creatures.
An epistle went forth39 from this Yearly Meeting which I think good to give aplace in this Journal. It is as follows: -From the Yearly Meeting, held at Philadelphia, for Pennsylvania and NewJersey, from the 22nd day of the Ninth Month to the 28th of the same,inclusive, 1759.
TO THE QUARTERLY AND MONTHLY MEETINGS OF FRIENDS BELONGING TO THE SAIDYEARLY MEETING: -DEARLY BELOVED FRIENDS AND BRETHREN, --In an awful sense of the wisdom andgoodness of the Lord our God, whose tender mercies have been continued to us inthis land, we affectionately salute40 you, with sincere and fervent41 desires thatwe may reverently42 regard the dispensations of His providence43, and improve underthem.
The empires and kingdoms of the earth are subject to His almighty44 power. Heis the God of the spirits of all flesh, and deals with His people agreeably tothat wisdom, the depth whereof is to us unsearchable. We in these provinces maysay, He hath, as a gracious and tender parent, dealt bountifully with us, evenfrom the days of our fathers. It was He who strengthened them to labour throughthe difficulties attending the improvement of a wilderness46, and made way forthem in the hearts of the natives, so that by them they were comforted in timesof want and distress. It was by the gracious influences of His Holy Spirit thatthey were disposed to work righteousness, and walk uprightly towards each otherand towards the natives; in life and conversation to manifest the excellency ofthe principles and doctrines35 of the Christian religion, whereby they retaintheir esteem47 and friendship. Whilst they were labouring for the necessaries oflife, many of them were fervently48 engaged to promote pity and virtue49 in theearth, and to educate their children in the fear of the Lord.
If we carefully consider the peaceable measures pursued in the firstsettlement of land, and that freedom from the desolations of wars which for along time we enjoyed, we shall find ourselves under strong obligations to theAlmighty, who, when the earth is so generally polluted with wickedness, givesus a being in a part so signally favoured with tranquillity50 and plenty, and inwhich the glad tidings of the gospel of Christ are so freely published, that wemay justly say with the Psalmist, "What shall we render unto the Lord for allHis benefits?"Our own real good and the good of our posterity51 in some measure depends onthe part we act, and it nearly concerns us to try our foundations impartially52.
Such are the different rewards of the just and unjust in a future state, thatto attend diligently to the dictates of the spirit of Christ, to devoteourselves to His service, and to engage fervently in His cause, during our short stay in this world, is a choice well becoming a free, intelligentcreature. We shall thus clearly see and consider that the dealings of God withmankind, in a national capacity, as recorded in Holy Writ53, do sufficientlyevidence the truth of that saying, "It is righteousness which exalteth anation"; and though He doth not at all times suddenly execute His judgments ona sinful people in this life, yet we see in many instances that when "menfollow lying vanities they forsake54 their own mercies"; and as a proud, selfishspirit prevails and spreads among a people, so partial judgment20, oppression,discord, envy, and confusions increase, and provinces and kingdoms are made todrink the cup of adversity as a reward of their own doing. Thus the inspiredprophet, reasoning with the degenerated55 Jews, saith, "Thine own wickednessshall correct thee, and thy backsliding shall reprove thee; know, therefore,that it is an evil thing and bitter that thou hast forsaken56 the Lord thy God,and that My fear is not in thee, saith the Lord God of Hosts" (Jer. ii. 19).
The God of our fathers, who hath bestowed57 on us many benefits, furnished atable for us in the wilderness, and made the deserts and solitary58 places torejoice. He doth now mercifully call upon us to serve Him more faithfully. Wemay truly say with the Prophet, "It is His voice which crieth to the city, andmen of wisdom see His name. They regard the rod, and Him who hath appointedit." People who look chiefly at things outward, too little consider theoriginal cause of the present troubles; but they who fear the Lord and thinkoften upon His name, see and feel that a wrong spirit is spreading amongst theinhabitants of our country; that the hearts of many are waxed fat, and theirears dull of hearing; that the Most High, in His visitations to us, instead ofcalling, lifteth up His voice and crieth: He crieth to our country, and Hisvoice waxeth louder and louder. In former wars between the English and othernations, since the settlement of our provinces, the calamities59 attending themhave fallen chiefly on other places, but now of late they have reached to ourborders; many of our fellow-subjects have suffered on and near our frontiers,some have been slain60 in battle, some killed in their houses, and some in theirfields, some wounded and left in great misery61, and others separated from theirwives and little children, who have been carried captives among the Indians.
We have seen men and women who have been witnesses of these scenes ofsorrow, and, being reduced to want, have come to our houses asking relief. Itis not long since many young men in one of these provinces were drafted, inorder to be taken as soldiers; some were at that time in great distress, andhad occasion to consider that their lives had been too little conformable tothe purity and spirituality of that religion which we profess62, and foundthemselves too little acquainted with that inward humility63, in which truefortitude to endure hardness for the truth's sake is experienced. Many parentswere concerned for their children, and in that time of trial were led toconsider that their care to get outward treasure for them had been greater than their care for their settlement in that religion which crucifieth to the world,and enableth to bear testimony to the peaceable government of the Messiah.
These troubles are removed, and for a time we are released from them.
Let us not forget that "The Most High hath His way in the deep, in clouds,and in thick darkness"; that it is His voice which crieth to the city and tothe country, and oh that these loud and awakening64 cries may have a propereffect upon us, that heavier chastisement65 may not become necessary! For thoughthings, as to the outward, may for a short time afford a pleasing prospect,yet, while a selfish spirit, that is not subject to the cross of Christ,continueth to spread and prevail, there can be no long continuance in outwardpeace and tranquillity. If we desire an inheritance incorruptible, and to be atrest in that state of peace and happiness which ever continues; if we desire inthis life to dwell under the favour and protection of that Almighty Being whosehabitation is in holiness, whose ways are all equal, and whose anger is nowkindled because of our backslidings, --let us then awfully66 regard thesebeginnings of His sore judgments, and with abasement67 and humiliation68 turn toHim whom we have offended.
Contending with one equal in strength is an uneasy exercise; but if theLord is become our enemy, if we persist in contending with Him who isomnipotent, our overthrow69 will be unavoidable.
Do we feel an affectionate regard to posterity? and are we employed topromote their happiness? Do our minds, in things outward, look beyond our owndissolution? and are we contriving70 for the prosperity of our children after us?
Let us then, like wise builders, lay the foundation deep, and by our constantuniform regard to an inward piety71 and virtue let them see that we really valueit. Let us labour in the fear of the Lord that their innocent minds, whileyoung and tender, may be preserved from corruptions72; that as they advance inage they may rightly understand their true interest, may consider theuncertainty of temporal things, and, above all, have their hope and confidencefirmly settled in the blessing73 of that Almighty Being who inhabits eternity74 andpreserves and supports the world.
In all our cares about worldly treasures, let us steadily75 bear in mind thatriches possessed76 by children who do not truly serve God, are likely to provesnares that may more grievously entangle them in that spirit of selfishness andexaltation which stands in opposition77 to real peace and happiness, and rendersthose who submit to the influence of it enemies to the cause of Christ.
To keep a watchful78 eye towards real objects of charity, to visit the poorin their lonesome dwelling-places, to comfort those who, through thedispensations of divine Providence, are in strait and painful circumstances inthis life, and steadily to endeavour to honour God with our substance, from areal sense of the love of Christ influencing our minds, is more likely to bring a blessing to our children, and will afford more satisfaction to a Christianfavoured with plenty, than an earnest desire to collect much wealth to leavebehind us; for, "here we have no continuing city"; may we therefore diligently"seek one that is to come, whose builder and maker79 is God.""Finally, brethren, whatsoever80 things are true, whatsoever things are just,whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things areof good report, if there be any virtue, if there be any praise, think on thesethings, and do them, and the God of peace shall be with you."(Signed by appointment, and on behalf of said meeting.)Twenty-eighth of Eleventh Month. -- This day I attended the Quarterly Meetingin Bucks County. In the meeting of ministers and elders my heart was enlargedin the love of Jesus Christ, and the favour of the Most High was extended to usin that and the ensuing meeting.
I had conversation at my lodging81 with my beloved friend Samuel Eastburn, whoexpressed a concern to join in a visit to some Friends in that county who hadnegroes, and as I had felt a drawing in my mind to the said work, I came homeand put things in order. On the 11th of Twelfth Month I went over the river,and on the next day was at Buckingham Meeting, where, through the descendingsof heavenly dew, my mind was comforted and drawn into a near unity with theflock of Jesus Christ.
Entering upon this business appeared weighty, and before I left home my mindwas often sad, under which exercise I felt at times the Holy Spirit which helpsour infirmities, and through which my prayers were at times put up to God inprivate that He would be pleased to purge82 me from all selfishness, that I mightbe strengthened to discharge my duty faithfully, how hard soever to the naturalpart. We proceeded on the visit in a weighty frame of spirit, and went to thehouses of the most active members who had negroes throughout the county.
Through the goodness of the Lord my mind was preserved in resignation in timesof trial, and though the work was hard to nature, yet, through the strength ofthat love which is stronger than death, tenderness of heart was often feltamongst us in our visits, and we parted from several families with greatersatisfaction than we expected.
We visited Joseph White's family, he being in England; we had also a familysitting at the house of an elder who bore us company, and were at Makefield ona First-day: at all which times my heart was truly thankful to the Lord who wasgraciously pleased to renew His loving-kindness to us, His poor servants,uniting us together in His work.
In the winter of this year, the smallpox83 being in our town, and many beinginoculated, of whom a few died, some things were opened in my mind, which Iwrote as follows: -The more fully45 our lives are conformable to the will of God, the better it isfor us; I have looked on the smallpox as a messenger from the Almighty, to bean assistant in the cause of virtue, and to incite9 us to consider whether weemploy our time only in such things as are consistent with perfect wisdom andgoodness. Building houses suitable to dwell in, for ourselves and ourcreatures; preparing clothing suitable for the climate and season, and foodconvenient, are all duties incumbent84 on us. And under these general heads aremany branches of business in which we may venture health and life, as necessitymay require.
This disease being in a house, and my business calling me to go near it,incites me to consider whether this is a real indispensable duty; whether it isnot in conformity85 to some custom which would be better laid aside, or whetherit does not proceed from too eager a pursuit after some outward treasure. Ifthe business before me springs not from a clear understanding and a regard tothat use of things which perfect wisdom approves, to be brought to a sense ofit and stopped in my pursuit is a kindness, for when I proceed to businesswithout some evidence of duty, I have found by experience that it tends toweakness.
If I am so situated86 that there appears no probability of missing theinfection, it tends to make me think whether my manner of life in thingsoutward has nothing in it which may unfit my body to receive this messenger ina way the most favourable87 to me. Do I use food and drink in no other sort andin no other degree than was designed by Him who gave these creatures for oursustenance? Do I never abuse my body by inordinate88 labour, striving toaccomplish some end which I have unwisely proposed? Do I use action enough insome useful employ, or do I sit too much idle while some persons who labour tosupport me have too great a share of it? If in any of these things I amdeficient, to be incited to consider it is a favour to me. Employment isnecessary in social life, and this infection, which often proves mortal,incites me to think whether these social acts of mine are real duties. If I goon a visit to the widows and fatherless, do I go purely89 on a principle ofcharity, free from any selfish views? If I go to a religious meeting it puts meon thinking whether I go in sincerity90 and in a clear sense of duty, or whetherit is not partly in conformity to custom, or partly from a sensible delightwhich my animal spirits feel in the company of other people, and whether tosupport my reputation as a religious man has no share in it.
Do affairs relating to civil society call me near this infection? If I go, itis at the hazard of my health and life, and it becomes me to think seriouslywhether love to truth and righteousness is the motive91 of my attending; whetherthe mannner of proceeding92 is altogether equitable93, or whether aught ofnarrowness, party interest, respect to outward dignities, names, ordistinctions among men, do not stain the beauty of those assemblies, and render it doubtful; in point of duty, whether a disciple11 of Christ ought to attend asa member united to the body or not. Whenever there are blemishes94 which for aseries of time remain such, that which is a means of stirring us up to lookattentively on these blemishes, and to labour according to our capacities tohave health and soundness restored in our country, we may justly account akindness from our gracious Father, who appointed that means.
The care of a wise and good man for his only son is inferior to the regard ofthe great Parent of the universe for His creatures. He hath the command of allthe powers and operations in nature, and "doth not afflict95 willingly, norgrieve the children of men." Chastisement is intended for instruction, andinstruction being received by gentle chastisement, greater calamities areprevented. By an earthquake hundreds of houses are sometimes shaken down in afew minutes, multitudes of people perish suddenly, and many more, being crushedand bruised96 in the ruins of the buildings, pine away and die in great misery.
By the breaking in of enraged97 merciless armies, flourishing countries havebeen laid waste, great numbers of people have perished in a short time, andmany more have been pressed with poverty and grief. By the pestilence98, peoplehave died so fast in a city, that, through fear, grief, and confusion, those inhealth have found great difficulty in burying the dead, even without coffins99.
By famine, great numbers of people in some places have been brought to theutmost distress, and have pined away from want of the necessaries of life.
Thus, when the kind invitations and gentle chastisements of a gracious God havenot been attended to, his sore judgments have at times been poured out uponpeople.
While some rules approved in civil society and conformable to human policy,so called, are distinguishable from the purity of truth and righteousness, -while many professing100 the truth are declining from that ardent101 love andheavenly-mindedness which was amongst the primitive102 followers103 of Jesus Christ,it is time for us to attend diligently to the intent of every chastisement, andto consider the most deep and inward design of them.
The Most High doth not often speak with an outward voice to our outward ears,but, if we humbly meditate104 on His perfections, consider that He is perfectwisdom and goodness, and that to afflict His creatures to no purpose would beutterly averse105 to His nature, we shall hear and understand His language both inHis gentle and more heavy chastisements, and shall take heed106 that we do not, inthe wisdom of this world, endeavour to escape His hand by means too powerfulfor us.
Had he endowed men with understanding to prevent this disease (the smallpox)by means which had never proved hurtful nor mortal, such a discovery might beconsidered as the period of chastisement by this distemper, where thatknowledge extended.(1) But as life and health are His gifts, and are not to be disposed of in our own wills, to take upon us by inoculation107 when in health adisorder of which some die, requires great clearness of knowledge that it isour duty to do so.
一 七五八年十一月十一日我出发到康科得去。那一向在该地召开的季会现在因为人数激增的缘故，已由朋友们于上届年会同意划分为二。在康科得我会见了好朋友斯巴 服及刻拜女士，他们从英国来此访问朋友。同时也会见来自巴克郡的怀特，他为着要到英国访问朋友，和自己的妻室家庭分别。由于神的良善，我们得有机会聚首， 互相鼓励。
这 会以后，我与司单敦和斯卡布洛结伴，出发访问那些畜奴的朋友们，当晚在特林布家中举行聚会，好些年青人前来参加，是一次可宝贵的令人振奋的机会。隔天早晨 我们访问了一位患病的邻居，又往参加于切兰聚会处某朋友的葬礼，见到了好些朋友，真是神恩眷的一次机会；以后我们访问几个畜奴的家。第二天又继续访问好些 畜奴的朋友，当夜在阿士布烈兹家有聚会，福音之爱的门大开，经过一天辛劳，我心颇得安慰。隔天我们参加了高星的月会；十八号那天参加在伦敦林召开的季会； 季会在该地举行还算是第一次，在这里我们又会见上面所提起过的那些朋友，有了好些很有帮助的聚会。会务讨论快要结束之时，大会劝勉朋友们以恒心支持对真理 的见证，并促请大家注意，凡属基督门徒均须以祂旨意所示的来处理祂的事务，尤其重要的乃是摆脱贪爱财富及其他俗务之心，不使对俗务的关怀拦阻我们顺从真 理；在这灾难岁月中我们为福音及为属灵之事必须努力，因为上帝的公义判断已临到了我们的土地。这以后我就骑马回家。
上 述季会的规模都很大，每次开会时间约八小时。我想在这种讨论会务的大聚会中，不应当轻易发言；除非我们有了适切的准备，且充分明白我们所要陈述的是什么， 则我们的发言非但无法促进会务，反将成为会务的阻碍，叫那些肩负繁重工作责任的人更增重担。如果我们心里有自私观点或党派成见，我们就不配为主工作。如果 我们对会务有明确见解，且心中有适切催促，觉得应该发言，就须避免无谓辩护或重复的话。许多人从遥远地方前来，召开一次会议确非轻易之事，每一与会的人都 应当谨慎小心，尤其是遇着聚会延长六七个钟头，大家还须赶路回家的场合，更当爱惜时间。三百分钟加起来就是五个钟头，倘有人在三百人的聚会中浪费一分钟， 姑不论所产生的其他恶果，他已经好像是无理地把一个人监禁五个钟头了。这会结束后我即回家。
一 七五八年十二月初，我与朋友司奇士和司单敦结伴，同往访问畜奴之家。有些人因心中有正直的感动，欢迎我们的访问，但在某些地方我们的工作颇为困难；我常常 看出我们必须记住我们之所以关心这件事的根源；我也虔诚地感谢主，因为祂常常靠近我，在严重的争执下保守我的心意，使它镇定，并赐给我同情温柔的心，知道 如何对待那些深陷于俗务纠缠中的人。
一 七五九年正月，我心受感动愿意前往费城访问本会在当地的几个畜奴会友。我先依约和朋友邱吉曼相会，然后在城里作一周访问。我们探访了一些患病的人，寡妇和 她们的家属，其余的时间大部分用在访问畜奴的朋友们。这时候我感触颇深，时刻仰望主的帮助，祂以不可言喻的慈爱恩待我们，以那向世界钉死的灵影响我们，叫 我们能够忍受辛劳，并从工作中找到平安。
一七五九年三月廿四日我参加费城春季大会，从英国来的朋友有别基特和斯托雷。会后我又和邱吉曼同行访问费城畜奴朋友。感谢天父，祂的爱常常与我们同在，使我们彼此间有同情及爱心。
有 些朋友似乎对我存着畏避的态度，使我觉得为了实行福音之爱我应当前往访问这些朋友中的一人，由于这种感觉，我想私下前往见他，和他谈话。终于我到了他家， 告诉他我愿意有机会单独和他谈话，他同意了，于是我们以敬畏主的心找出了他之以畏避我的原因。我们谈了许多话，相信对彼此均有助益，感谢主为我开路。
六 月十四日，我心受感动愿往访问撒冷附近的朋友们，得到本月会的许可后，我就参加了他们的季会。我出门七天，参加七次聚会；在某些聚会中我缄默不言；但在另 一些聚会中，由于真理的洗涤能力，我心中充满着属天的爱，使我与弟兄姊妹们在他们以信徒的身份过活所遭受的试炼中有了亲切的感觉。
一 七五七年七月，心中迫切地想去访问本会会友中之畜奴者，但年会记录中所提出的那些人都不能同往，于是我独自进行，登门拜访，以敬畏主的心把我心中所感觉到 的告诉他们。有时候只说了几句话，即觉心中轻松，如释重负。这以后朋友邱吉曼来到本州，希望参加我们的聚会，并和我合作进行访问畜奴之家，我就再度和他结 伴，同作访问工作，内心深觉满足。
一 七五九年，在我们年会中我们有些严肃的聚会，真理的能力大大地增加忠诚者的力量。当朋友们阅读大会所准备致美洲各地年会信件时，我发现去年和今年的信件多 着重于规劝朋友们放弃奴隶买卖的事；有些信件对此讨论甚详。关于这事多年来在我心中如荷重负；我往往艰苦奋斗，在某些场合中几乎是独自作战。现在看见我们 团体对这问题逐渐关心，且知我们的主如何地在兴起合用的仆人为祂工作，非但是这一方面的工作，亦为促进真理的一般事工努力，我不禁谦恭俯首，感谢主恩。
这 次年会继续约一星期之久。在前半那几天，我内心平静，充满着祷告之灵，在隐密中将心意向主吐露。到会议将近结束时我觉得应该发言，于末次聚会在神爱涌流中 有了机会说出心中所得启示，所说的足以证明，在诚实正直之人心中有深渊响应，虽然他们在某些方面的见证不都是相符合的。我又指出许多人格高尚信仰坚定的殉 道者，他们为了见证耶稣而献上自己的生命，可是他们所持守的教义有些和我们所主张的不尽相同。历代以来，人若遵守那至高者所赐给他们的光和理解，必然为祂 所悦纳。因此在我们当中若有某些互异的思想，只要彼此持守那向世界钉死的灵和能力，就是那教导我们以必需之物为足并避免奢侈，同时存敬畏及事奉主之心，那 么，我们当中仍然可以有真实的契结。至于那些因良心不安而处于患难中的人，若是他们能够谦卑忍受，从生活中表现出一种真爱心的灵，这样，他向别人所作的见 证，和对教会的贡献，比之那些以相反态度及行为对付患难的人，必更有效。因为有了这种感觉，我对基督羊群颇生同情及爱心，不管他们在世上有什么彼此不同的 地方；同样的空气似乎充满于聚会中，主对待我们这些可怜被造者的良善是伟大可称颂的！
本届年会向各地朋友们发出一封公开信，我想很值得在这里介绍。信的内容如下：
〔一七五九年九月廿二至廿八日宾夕尼亚及新泽西区年会假费城举行；大会特向所属各季会及月会发出函件。〕
亲爱的朋友弟兄们：
我们的主上帝的慈爱在本邦不断向我们显现，所以我们以敬畏祂智慧与良善的心谨向各位致亲爱的敬礼，诚恳热切地盼望我们都虔敬地顺从神的旨意，并在它底下得到长进。
地 上的国度都处在祂全能权力的支配下。祂是一切有血气之灵的上帝，祂以不可探测的智慧对待祂的子民。居住于这一带地区的我们都知道祂之看顾我们，有如慈祥的 父亲；从我们祖先以来，丰丰富富地恩待我们。当我们祖先在拓荒中经历各种困难险阻之时，祂加添他们的力量，并叫他们得到土人的同情，在缺乏及患难中帮助他 们。由于祂圣灵的感化，他们知道依公义行事，以正直相对待，亦以公道对待土人；在生活上及言语中表现出基督教的高尚教义及原则，藉此与土人联系友谊。当他 们正在艰辛地为生活奋斗之时，他们当中有许多人却热诚地为着促进虔敬与道德，并为着教育儿女敬畏上主的事努力工作。
如 果我们详细思考当初移居此邦追求的和平，和在此邦长期享受的免于战乱的生活，我们必觉得对全能者须负严重的责任。当人间充满着邪恶之时，全能者使我们生活 在这一片平静和富裕的土地上；在这里基督的福音喜讯得以自由传布，我们应当与作诗的人同声说“我们拿什么报答主向我们所赐的一切厚恩”（诗116：2）。
在 某种程度上，我们的真正利益和我们子孙的福利，是在乎我们的行为，所以公平地省察我们的思想及行为的基础，对我们是极关重要的事。对于义和不义的，将来的 赏报不同，所以殷勤遵行基督之灵的教训，为着祂的事工奉献本身，在今世短暂生命中热诚地为祂工作，这是那自由及属理性的人类所应该选择的。这样，我们可以 清楚看出，上帝之对待人类和各民族，确能彰显圣经所示的真理：“公义使邦国高举”；而且，虽然祂并不一定在今世惩罚犯罪的百姓，可是我们在许多例证上看 见，“那信奉虚无之神的，离弃怜爱他们的主”；当骄傲及自私之灵充斥于某一民族间，不公道的判断，压迫，相争，嫉妒及混乱之事必逐渐增加，于是邦国或州郡 必将喝了灾难之杯，作为他们恶行的酬报。因此那受感动的先知在论及腐化的犹太人时说：“你自己的恶必惩治你，你背道的事必责备你。由此可知可见你离弃耶和 华你的上帝，不存敬畏我的心，乃是恶事，是苦事，这是主万军之耶和华说的”（耶2：19）。
我们祖先的上帝赐给我们无数福泽，祂在荒野中为我们摆设筵席，使沙漠和不毛之地成为可喜爱的住所。现在祂慈爱地呼唤我们，要我们更忠诚地事奉祂。我们当与先知同声说，“耶和华向这城呼叫，智慧人必敬畏祂的名。你们当听是谁派定刑杖的惩罚”（弥6：9）。 那些过分注意外表事物的人，很少思想目前争端的根源，可是那些敬畏主，常常记念祂名的人，知道在本邦居民中邪灵正甚猖獗。许多人心藉脂油，耳朵沉重，以致 至高者就近我们的时候，不是向我们呼唤，而是提高声音向我们喊叫。祂向本邦喊叫，祂的声音愈来愈大。自从我们定居此邦以来，英国和其他国家之间的战争及其 所造成灾害多半发生在别的地方，可是最近战事已蔓延到我们的边境上；我们的同胞在本土或边区遭受战祸，有的在战斗中死亡，有的在自己家中被杀，有的在田地 上遇害，有的身受重伤，有的妻儿离散，为印等安人掳去。我们曾亲眼看见遭受此种灾害的男人和女人，他们身无长物，到我们家来乞求周济。不久之前某一州的年 轻人有许多被征召的，当时他们当中有些人正处在严重悲伤中，因想起他们一向的生活与他们所信奉的宗教之纯洁及属灵性质很少相符合的地方，也缺乏那种能为真 理的缘故忍受困难的内在谦恭的性格。许多父母关心他们的儿子，当那试炼来临时期才想到，他们一向过于注意为儿女求取属世财富，而不知着重于培养他们在那向 世界钉死，能够为弥赛亚的和平国度担负见证重任的宗教里面的根基。现在那种灾害已解除了，我们对它们暂可放心。
我 们不可忘记，“那至高者在深渊，在密云和在黑暗中都有祂的方法”；那向城市和邦国呼叫的正是祂的声音；但愿这些高声警醒的呼叫影响我们，使那严厉的惩罚成 为不必要！虽然外在事物能使人喜悦一时，但当那非服从基督十架的自私之心继续流行时，外表的安宁也无法持久。如果我们盼望那不败的家业，且愿生活于那一向 平静愉快的环境中；如果我们盼望今生能居住于全能者——就是那位在圣洁中，以公平待人，如今对我们的堕落正在发出烈怒者——的恩眷及保护下，我们对祂已经 开始的严厉审判就须畏惧敬重，并以谦虚之心求祂——我们所冒犯者——的饶恕。
要与一个具有同等气力者竞争，确非易事；要和无所不能的主抗争必被击倒无疑。
我 们是否关心子孙的事？是否愿为他们的幸福努力？我们对外在事物的看法能否超越于我们本身的生命？我们是否在为后代子孙的昌盛谋算？如果我们是这样的话，那 么，让我们学那聪明的建屋者，奠立深固的根基，叫他们看见我们如何始终一贯地重视内心的虔诚和美德。也让我们以敬畏主的心劳作，好叫他们在幼年心地纯洁之 时不被腐化，在长大成人后知道什么是他们的真实利益，知道属世财物都不可靠，决心把他们的盼望寄托于那在永恒中支持着这世界的全能者。
当我们在为着属世财宝用心计较之时，请记得儿女们若拥有财富而不知事奉主，则这财富必像罗网一样，使他们为那种与真平安喜乐相违背的自私自大的心更受缠累，叫那些处在这种不良影响下的人成为基督十架的敌人。
时 常关心那些真正值得帮助的人，到那些荒芜的住处探视穷人，安慰那些由于天命的安排，在今世多受苦难的人，同时因受基督之爱的影响，不断地试行以我们所有的 财产来荣耀上帝，这样，必比热心积聚财富遗留给后人更能使子孙蒙受福泽，也更能叫一个丰丰富富的基督徒得到满足，因为“我们在这里本没有常存的城”；所以 当殷勤地“等候那座有根基的城，就是上帝所经营所建造的。”
“最后，弟兄们，凡是真实的，可敬的，公义的，清洁的，可爱的，有美名的；若有什么德行，若有什么称赞，这些事你们都要思想……都要去行，赐平安的上帝就必与你们同在。”
年会指派代表 耶那尔，马赛，邱吉曼，斯卡布洛，菲儿洛因，伊凡士，柏克等七人签署。
一七五九年十一月廿八日我在巴克士郡参加季会。在牧师和长老的聚会上我心充满着耶稣基督的爱，至高者的恩慈在会中与我们同在。
我在寓所和好友伊斯特本有了一次谈话，他曾表示愿意参加访问该郡朋友中之畜奴者，恰巧我也有同样感觉，于是回家处理一些事务。十二月十一日渡河，第二天到了巴京汗聚会处，在那里由于从天上降下的安慰，我心喜乐，与耶稣基督的信众有了更密切的联契。
从 事这种工作是非常困难的；离家之前我心中颇觉忧愁，在这种心境中我有时觉得那帮助软弱者的圣灵与我同在，藉着祂，我能够私下把祷告献予上帝，恳求祂清除我 一切自私，叫我能尽忠履行责任。我们在一种沉重心境中进行访问，在全郡各地那些最活动的会友当中之畜有奴隶的家作探访工作。藉着主的良善，当遇试炼之时我 心能顺服祂，工作虽甚困难，然而由于那比死更为坚强的爱的力量，在访问中我们常常感觉到彼此之间的爱心。当我们和某些家庭分手之时，我们所得到的满足实超 出于我们所预期的。
我们访问了怀特的家，他本人尚在英国；我们又在某长老家举行聚会，他陪伴我们访问，于星期日来到墨克菲得。这些时候我十分感激主的恩眷，重新显示祂对我们的慈爱，叫祂的仆人们能在祂的事工上结合。
一七五九年冬天，天花症流行于我们镇上，许多人种痘，也有些人死了。我心里得到一些启示，特记述于后：
我 们的生活越接近于上帝的旨意，对我们越有益处；我认为天花症是从全能者差遣来的使者，要帮助德行的推行，鼓励我们思想究竟我们的光阴是不是只用在与智慧及 良善相符的事上。我们盖房子是求适于居住，为着自己，亦为着我们的牲畜；缝制衣服是为适合于气候和季节，食物则为保养身体，这一切都是我们分内的责任。在 上述衣食住诸主要业务之下，还有许多其他业务，必要时我们得冒着健康和生命危险，肩负这些责任。
某 家发现了天花症，而我因业务上的关系必须前往，这使我思想到究竟这业务是否属于不可少的责任那一类；还是和某些值得遗弃的陋俗相似；或是一种出于热中利得 而经营的业务。如果我目前所经营的并非明显地为那全智者所嘉许，那么叫我明白并停止这业务就是一种恩慈，因为当我经营某种没有责任意义的生意之时，经验告 诉我所经营的必然衰败。
如 果我是处在某种情况下，叫我似乎无法逃避这传染病，那么我必思想究竟是否我一向的生活方式使我的身体无力承受这种疫症，以之为对我有益的使者。我对于饮食 是否超出了那祂所规定用以保养人类的范围以外？我曾否作不正常的劳动，以求成就不智的目的？曾否充分从事有益的活动，还是终日怠懒，让别人过度劳作来供养 我？如果在上述各方面我有亏欠的地方，那么叫我思想这些事对我是有益的。社会生活中某些事务是属于必要的；这次的传染病既是一种致命的病症，于是引起我思 想我的这些社会活动是否属于责任性的。如果我去探访寡妇或孤儿，我的动机，是否纯粹出乎爱心，不渗杂任何自私念头？如果我去参加宗教聚会，我要思想我是否 诚诚恳恳地前往，以之为一种责任，还是为着应付习俗，或为着满足对群的一种动物性的爱好，和是否与我在宗教生活上的名誉有关。
是 不是与社会有关的事务催促我去接近这种传染病呢？如果我去了，那是冒着健康或生命的危险去的，我当然应该慎重地思想我的动机是否在乎对真理及正义的爱慕； 进行的态度是否适当；是否有部分的偏狭，党派的利益，以及对尊荣，名誉，各种等等的尊重污染了这些聚会的美好价值，以致这种举动不能成为是一种责任，而一 个基督的门徒不一定应当以会友的资格前往参加这类聚会。无论何时若有这种种缺点存在着，那么凡能引起我们注意这些缺点并努力消除这些缺点，使我们的邦国得 以恢复健康的，我们就应当以之为出自那教训我们的天父的恩慈。
一 个良善明智的父亲对他儿子的看顾亦比不上我们宇宙之父对祂所创造人类的眷佑。祂掌握自然界的一切力量及其运行，而且“祂并不甘心使人受苦，使人忧愁。”惩 罚是为着督责，人若藉温和的惩罚承受督责，或可逃避更严重的灾难。地震使千百房屋在数分钟内倒塌，无数人民忽然死亡；房屋倒塌中受伤的人更多，在悲惨中哀 泣。
由 于疯狂军队的侵入，繁盛市镇有时成为荒芜，大批人命在短时间内丧亡，更多的人沦于穷困悲惨境地。由于瘟疫的流行，城市人口有时死亡甚速，健康的人由于恐 惧，哀痛和混乱，亦觉难以埋葬死者，甚至于不用棺木，草草收殓。由于饥荒，有些地方大批人民陷于困境，因缺乏生活必需品而哀哭。这样，当上帝仁慈的呼召和 温和的惩罚不受尊重之时，祂的忿怒审判难免有时将临到我们身上。
当 社会上某些被认可的法则和真理与正义的纯洁性不相符合之时，我们就不得不思想那些法则所产生的结果。我们既然看见许多人虽承认真理，但那种存在于当初跟从 耶稣基督者中的热烈爱心属天的性质却甚消沉，又既然觉得自己缺少天父所使我们可能达到的那种德行上的完全，就该留意一切惩罚的目的，思想这些惩罚的最深刻 和内在的意义。
全 能者并不常常以外表的声音向我们的外表耳朵说话，但我们若谦虚地默想祂的完全，考虑祂的全智和良善，知道随便惩罚祂所创造的人是与祂的本性全然不合的，那 么我们在祂各种谴责中，无论是温和，还是严厉的，都将聆听，且明白祂的话语，同时留意不至于在属世的智慧中图应用我们所不胜任的力量，来逃避祂的管教。
如果上帝赐给人一种不伤害人身的方法来遏阻天花症，那原是可以接受的。可是我们的生命和健康既然是上帝所赐的，我们若按照自己的意思，在健康时施行种痘，以至丧命，那恐怕不是我们责任上所当为的了（注）。
（注）当时种痘方法尚未臻完善，好些人因种痘而死，故作者对此不表赞同。
如果我们所做的只有那与纯粹智慧相称的工作，访问，以及聚会等；又如果没有种痘之事，那么一般情形必较所发生的良好多矣。
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| n.雄鹿( buck的名词复数 )；钱；（英国十九世纪初的）花花公子；（用于某些表达方式）责任v.（马等）猛然弓背跃起( buck的第三人称单数 )；抵制；猛然震荡；马等尥起后蹄跳跃 | |
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4
unity
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| n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调 | |
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5
corpse
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| n.尸体，死尸 | |
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grove
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| n.林子，小树林，园林 | |
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7
edifying
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| adj.有教训意味的，教训性的，有益的v.开导，启发( edify的现在分词 ) | |
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8
incited
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| 刺激，激励，煽动( incite的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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incite
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| v.引起，激动，煽动 | |
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10
testimony
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| n.证词；见证，证明 | |
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11
disciple
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| n.信徒，门徒，追随者 | |
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disciples
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| n.信徒( disciple的名词复数 )；门徒；耶稣的信徒；（尤指）耶稣十二门徒之一 | |
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13
redeemed
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| adj. 可赎回的，可救赎的 动词redeem的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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14
entangle
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| vt.缠住，套住；卷入，连累 | |
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15
diligently
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| ad.industriously;carefully | |
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16
dictates
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| n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布 | |
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17
meekness
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| n.温顺，柔和 | |
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18
calamity
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| n.灾害，祸患，不幸事件 | |
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19
distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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20
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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21
judgments
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| 判断( judgment的名词复数 )； 鉴定； 评价； 审判 | |
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22
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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23
adjourning
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| （使）休会， （使）休庭( adjourn的现在分词 ) | |
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24
humbly
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| adv. 恭顺地，谦卑地 | |
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25
entangled
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| adj.卷入的；陷入的；被缠住的；缠在一起的v.使某人（某物/自己）缠绕，纠缠于（某物中），使某人（自己）陷入（困难或复杂的环境中）( entangle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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26
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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privately
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| adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地 | |
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28
approbation
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| n.称赞；认可 | |
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29
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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30
waded
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| （从水、泥等）蹚，走过，跋( wade的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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31
mortifying
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| adj.抑制的，苦修的v.使受辱( mortify的现在分词 )；伤害（人的感情）；克制；抑制（肉体、情感等） | |
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supplication
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| n.恳求，祈愿，哀求 | |
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33
attained
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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34
martyrs
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| n.martyr的复数形式；烈士( martyr的名词复数 )；殉道者；殉教者；乞怜者（向人诉苦以博取同情） | |
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35
doctrines
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| n.教条( doctrine的名词复数 )；教义；学说；（政府政策的）正式声明 | |
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scruples
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| n.良心上的不安( scruple的名词复数 )；顾虑，顾忌v.感到于心不安，有顾忌( scruple的第三人称单数 ) | |
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37
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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38
disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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39
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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40
salute
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| vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮 | |
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41
fervent
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| adj.热的，热烈的，热情的 | |
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42
reverently
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| adv.虔诚地 | |
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43
providence
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| n.深谋远虑，天道，天意；远见；节约；上帝 | |
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44
almighty
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| adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的 | |
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45
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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46
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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47
esteem
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| n.尊敬，尊重；vt.尊重，敬重；把…看作 | |
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48
fervently
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| adv.热烈地，热情地，强烈地 | |
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49
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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50
tranquillity
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| n. 平静, 安静 | |
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51
posterity
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| n.后裔，子孙，后代 | |
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52
impartially
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| adv.公平地，无私地 | |
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53
writ
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| n.命令状，书面命令 | |
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54
forsake
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| vt.遗弃，抛弃；舍弃，放弃 | |
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55
degenerated
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| 衰退，堕落，退化( degenerate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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56
Forsaken
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| adj. 被遗忘的, 被抛弃的 动词forsake的过去分词 | |
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57
bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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58
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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59
calamities
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| n.灾祸，灾难( calamity的名词复数 )；不幸之事 | |
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60
slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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61
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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62
profess
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| v.声称，冒称，以...为业，正式接受入教，表明信仰 | |
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63
humility
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| n.谦逊，谦恭 | |
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64
awakening
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| n.觉醒，醒悟 adj.觉醒中的；唤醒的 | |
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65
chastisement
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| n.惩罚 | |
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66
awfully
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| adv.可怕地，非常地，极端地 | |
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67
abasement
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| n.滥用 | |
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68
humiliation
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| n.羞辱 | |
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69
overthrow
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| v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆 | |
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70
contriving
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| （不顾困难地）促成某事( contrive的现在分词 )； 巧妙地策划，精巧地制造（如机器）； 设法做到 | |
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71
piety
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| n.虔诚，虔敬 | |
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72
corruptions
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| n.堕落( corruption的名词复数 )；腐化；腐败；贿赂 | |
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73
blessing
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| n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿 | |
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74
eternity
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| n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷 | |
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75
steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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76
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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77
opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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78
watchful
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| adj.注意的，警惕的 | |
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79
maker
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| n.制造者，制造商 | |
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80
whatsoever
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| adv.（用于否定句中以加强语气）任何；pron.无论什么 | |
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81
lodging
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| n.寄宿，住所；(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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82
purge
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| n.整肃，清除，泻药，净化；vt.净化，清除，摆脱；vi.清除，通便，腹泻，变得清洁 | |
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83
smallpox
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| n.天花 | |
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84
incumbent
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| adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的 | |
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85
conformity
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| n.一致，遵从，顺从 | |
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86
situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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87
favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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88
inordinate
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| adj.无节制的；过度的 | |
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89
purely
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| adv.纯粹地，完全地 | |
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90
sincerity
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| n.真诚，诚意；真实 | |
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91
motive
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| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
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92
proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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93
equitable
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| adj.公平的；公正的 | |
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94
blemishes
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| n.（身体的）瘢点( blemish的名词复数 )；伤疤；瑕疵；污点 | |
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95
afflict
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| vt.使身体或精神受痛苦，折磨 | |
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96
bruised
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| [医]青肿的，瘀紫的 | |
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97
enraged
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| 使暴怒( enrage的过去式和过去分词 )； 歜； 激愤 | |
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98
pestilence
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| n.瘟疫 | |
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99
coffins
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| n.棺材( coffin的名词复数 )；使某人早亡[死，完蛋，垮台等]之物 | |
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100
professing
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| 声称( profess的现在分词 )； 宣称； 公开表明； 信奉 | |
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101
ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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102
primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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103
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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104
meditate
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| v.想，考虑，（尤指宗教上的）沉思，冥想 | |
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105
averse
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| adj.厌恶的；反对的，不乐意的 | |
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106
heed
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| v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心 | |
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107
inoculation
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| n.接芽；预防接种 | |
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