Chapter 2

1. All in the world know the beauty of the beautiful, and in doing this they have (the idea of) what ugliness is; they all know the skill of the skilful¹, and in doing this they have (the idea of) what the want of skill is.

2. So it is that existence and non-existence give birth the one to (the idea of) the other; that difficulty and ease produce the one (the idea of) the other; that length and shortness fashion out the one the figure of the other; that (the ideas of) height and lowness arise from the contrast of the one with the other; that the musical notes and tones become harmonious² through the relation of one with another; and that being before and behind give the idea of one following another.

3. Therefore the sage³ manages affairs without doing anything, and conveys his instructions without the use of speech.

4. All things spring up, and there is not one which declines to show itself; they grow, and there is no claim made for their ownership; they go through their processes, and there is no expectation (of a reward for the results). The work is accomplished⁴, and there is no resting in it (as an achievement).

The work is done, but how no one can see;
'Tis this that makes the power not cease to be.

　　 天下皆知美之为美，斯恶矣；皆知善之为善，斯不善矣。
　　 故有无相生，难易相成，长短相形，高下相倾，音声相和，前后相随……
　　 是以圣人处无为之事，行不言之教，万物作焉而不辞，生而不有，为而不恃，功成而不居。
　 　夫唯不居，是以不去。

【译文】
　　 天下人都知道美之所以为美，于是就有了令人嫌恶的丑；都知道善之所以为善，于是就有了反面的不善。所以，"有"与"无"相互突显，"难"与"易"相互促成，"长"与"短"相互显现，"高"与"下"相依而存，"音"与"声"相互陪衬，"前"与"后"相互照应——这些"名"相反而相成，迁延不居而不独立自足。因此，圣人从事于无所成名的事务，施行无须仗名立言的劝教，坦荡迎候万物的涌现与流变而不抵触畏避，生养了一切并不拘系自有，做成了什么并不执为仗恃，成就了事业并不矜居功名。就是因为他不矜居功名，所以他不会消逝。

1 skilful   

(=skillful)adj.灵巧的，熟练的

参考例句：

• The more you practise,the more skilful you'll become.练习的次数越多，熟练的程度越高。
• He's not very skilful with his chopsticks.他用筷子不大熟练。

2 harmonious   

adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的

参考例句：

• Their harmonious relationship resulted in part from their similar goals.他们关系融洽的部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。
• The room was painted in harmonious colors.房间油漆得色彩调和。

3 sage   

n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的

参考例句：

• I was grateful for the old man's sage advice.我很感激那位老人贤明的忠告。
• The sage is the instructor of a hundred ages.这位哲人是百代之师。

4 accomplished   

adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的

参考例句：

• Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
• Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。