Chapter 3

1. Not to value and employ men of superior ability is the way to keep the people from rivalry¹ among themselves; not to prize articles which are difficult to procure² is the way to keep them from becoming thieves; not to show them what is likely to excite their desires is the way to keep their minds from disorder³.

2. Therefore the sage⁴, in the exercise of his government, empties their minds, fills their bellies⁵, weakens their wills, and strengthens their bones.

3. He constantly (tries to) keep them without knowledge and without desire, and where there are those who have knowledge, to keep them from presuming to act (on it). When there is this abstinence from action, good order is universal.

　　不尚賢，使民不爭；不貴難得之貨，使民不為盜；不見可欲，使民心不亂。
　　是以圣人之治，虛其心，實其腹，弱其志，強其骨。常使民無知無欲。使夫智者不敢為也。為無為，則無不治。

【译文】
      不崇尚贤才异能，使人民不至于炫技逞能而争名逐利。不看重稀贵之物，使人民不做盗贼。不显露足以引起贪欲的物事，使人民的心思不至于被扰乱。因此，圣人治理天下的原则是：排弃充斥于人民心中的各种成见，满足人民的温饱需求，软化人民的犟执趋求，提高人民的自立自足能力。通常使人民不执成见、不生贪欲，使那些"智者"不敢为所欲为。从事于无所成为的作为，即可以得到全面的治理。

1 rivalry   

n.竞争，竞赛，对抗

参考例句：

• The quarrel originated in rivalry between the two families.这次争吵是两家不和引起的。
• He had a lot of rivalry with his brothers and sisters.他和兄弟姐妹间经常较劲。

2 procure   

vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条

参考例句：

• Can you procure some specimens for me?你能替我弄到一些标本吗？
• I'll try my best to procure you that original French novel.我将尽全力给你搞到那本原版法国小说。

3 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

4 sage   

n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的

参考例句：

• I was grateful for the old man's sage advice.我很感激那位老人贤明的忠告。
• The sage is the instructor of a hundred ages.这位哲人是百代之师。

5 bellies   

n.肚子( belly的名词复数 )；腹部；（物体的）圆形或凸起部份；腹部…形的

参考例句：

• They crawled along on their bellies. 他们匍匐前进。
• starving children with huge distended bellies 鼓着浮肿肚子的挨饿儿童