If clairvoyance1 partakes of the nature of the camera obscura, by which persons can see at a distance that which is going on beyond the direct range of their vision, it is less easy to suggest an analogy to explain the phenomena2 of premonition or second sight. Although I have never seen a ghost—for none of my hallucinations are scenic3—I may fairly claim to have a place in this census4 on the ground of the extraordinary premonitions I have had at various times of coming events. The second sight of the Highlander5 is always scenic; he does not hear so much as he sees. If death is foreshadowed, the circumstances preceding and following the event pass as in dramatic scene before the eyes of the seer. It is much as if the seers had access to a camera obscura which enabled them not only to see that which was occurring at the same moment in various parts of the world, but in its magic mirror could reflect events which have not yet been as if they were already existent.
The phenomena of premonition, combined with the faculties6 of clairvoyance by which the percipient is able to reproduce the past, make a great breach7 in our conceptions of both time and space. To the Deity8, in the familiar line of the hymn9, "future things unfolded lie"; but from time to time future things, sometimes most trivial, sometimes most important, are unfolded to the eye of mortal man. Why or how one does not know. All that he can say is that the vision came and went in obedience10 to some power over which he had no conscious control. The faculty11 of foreseeing, which in its higher forms constitutes no small part of a prophet's power, is said to exist among certain families, and to vary according to the locality in which they are living. Men who have second sight in Skye are said to lose it on the mainland. But residence in Skye itself is not sufficient to give the Englishman the faculty once said to be possessed12 by its natives. In England it is rare, and when it exists it is often mixed up with curious and somewhat bewildering superstitions13, signs and omens15 portending16 death and disaster, which can hardly be regarded as being more than seventh cousins of the true faculty.
I can make no claim to the proud prerogative17 of the seer, but upon several occasions I have had some extraordinary premonitions of what was about to happen. I can give no explanation as to how they came, all that I know is they arrived, and when they arrived I recognised them beyond all possibility of mistake. I have had three or four very striking and vivid premonitions in my life which have been fulfilled to the letter. I have others which await fulfilment. Of the latter I will not speak here—although I have them duly recorded—for were I to do so I should be accused of being party to bringing about the fulfilment of my own predictions. Those which have already been fulfilled, although of no general importance to any one else, were of considerable importance to me, as will be seen by the brief outline concerning three of them.
Leaving Darlington Fore-seen.
The first occasion on which I had an absolutely unmistakable intimation of the change about to occur in my own circumstances was in 1880, the year in which I left the editorship of the Northern Echo to become the assistant of Mr. John Morley[6] on the Pall18 Mall Gazette.
On New Year's Day, 1880, it was forcibly impressed upon my mind that I was to leave Darlington in the course of that year. I remember on the 1st of January meeting a journalistic confrère on my way from Darlington station to the Northern Echo office. After wishing him a Happy New Year, I said, "This is the last New Year's Day I shall ever spend in Darlington; I shall leave the Northern Echo this year." My friend looked at me in some amazement19, and said, "And where are you going to?" "To London," I replied, "because it is the only place which could tempt20 me from my present position, which is very comfortable, and where I have perfect freedom to say my say." "But," said my friend, somewhat dubiously21, "what paper are you going to?" "I have no idea in the world," I said; "neither do I know a single London paper which would offer me a position on their staff of any kind, let alone one on which I would have any liberty of utterance22. I see no prospect23 of any opening anywhere. But I know for certain that before the year is out I shall be on the staff of a London paper." "Come," said my friend, "this is superstition14, and with a wife and family I hope you will do nothing rashly." "You need not fear as to that," I said; "I shall not seek any position elsewhere, it will have to come to me if I have to go to it. I am not going to throw myself out of a berth24 until I know where my next place is to be. Humanly speaking, I see no chance of my leaving Darlington, yet I have no more doubt than of my own existence that I shall be gone by this time next year." We parted.
The General Election soon came upon us, and when the time came for renewing my engagement on the Northern Echo, I had no option but to renew my contract and bind25 myself to remain at Darlington until July, 1880. Although I signed the contract, when the day arrived on which I had either to give notice or renew my engagement, I could not shake from me the conviction that I was destined26 to leave Darlington at least six months before my engagement expired. At that time the Pall Mall Gazette was edited by Mr. Greenwood, and was, of all the papers in the land, the most antipathetic to the principles upon which I had conducted the Northern Echo.
The possibility of my becoming assistant editor to the editor of the Pall Mall Gazette seemed at that time about as remote as that of the Moderator of the Free Church of Scotland receiving a cardinal's hat from the Pope of Rome. Nevertheless, no sooner had Mr. Gladstone been seated in power than Mr. George Smith handed over the Pall Mall Gazette to his son-in-law, Mr. Henry Yates Thompson. Mr. Greenwood departed to found and edit the St. James' Gazette, and Mr. Morley became editor. Even then I never dreamed of going to the Pall Mall. Two other North-country editors and I, thinking that Mr. Morley was left in rather a difficulty by the secession of several of the Pall Mall staff, agreed to send up occasional contributions solely27 for the purpose of enabling Mr. Morley to get through the temporary difficulty in which he was placed by being suddenly summoned to edit a daily paper under such circumstances.
Midsummer had hardly passed before Mr. Thompson came down to Darlington and offered me the assistant editorship. The proprietor28 of the Northern Echo kindly29 waived30 his right to my services in deference31 to the request of Mr. Morley. As a result I left the Northern Echo in September, 1880, and my presentiment32 was fulfilled. At the time when it was first impressed upon my mind, no living being probably anticipated the possibility of such a change occurring in the Pall Mall Gazette as would render it possible for me to become assistant editor, so that the presentiment could in no way have been due to any possible calculation of chances on my part.
6 (Return)
Now Lord Morley.
The Editorship of the "Pall Mall Gazette."
The second presentiment to which I shall refer was also connected with the Pall Mall Gazette, and was equally clear and without any suggestion from outward circumstances. It was in October, 1883. My wife and I were spending a brief holiday in the Isle33 of Wight, and I remember that the great troopers, which had just brought back Lord Wolseley's army from the first Egyptian campaign, were lying in the Solent when we crossed. One morning about noon we were walking in the drizzling34 rain round St. Catherine's Point. It was a miserable35 day, the ground slippery and the footpath36 here and there rather difficult to follow. Just as we were at about the ugliest part of our climb I felt distinctly, as it were, a voice within myself saying: You will have to look sharp and make ready, because by a certain date (which as near as I can recollect37 was the 16th of March next year) you will have sole charge of the Pall Mall Gazette.
I was just a little startled and rather awed38 because, as Mr. Morley was then in full command and there was no expectation on his part of abandoning his post, the inference which I immediately drew was that he was going to die. So firmly was this impressed upon my mind that for two hours I did not like to speak about it to my wife. We took shelter for a time from the rain, but afterwards, on going home, I spoke39 on the subject which filled me with sadness, not without reluctance40, and said to my wife, "Something has happened to me which has made a great impression upon my mind. When we were beside St. Catherine's Lighthouse I got into my head that Mr. Morley was going to die." "Nonsense," she said, "what made you think that?" "Only this," said I, "that I received an intimation as clear and unmistakable as that which I had when I was going to leave Darlington, that I had to look sharp and prepare for taking the sole charge of the Pall Mall Gazette on March 16th next. That is all, and I do not see how that is likely to happen unless Mr. Morley is going to die." "Nonsense," said my wife, "he is not going to die; he is going to get into Parliament, that is what is going to happen." "Well," said I, "that may be. Whether he dies or whether he gets into Parliament, the one thing certain to me is that I shall have sole charge of the Pall Mall Gazette next year, and I am so convinced of that that when we return to London I shall make all my plans on the basis of that certainty." And so I did. I do not hedge and hesitate at burning my boats.
As soon as I arrived at the Pall Mall Gazette office, I announced to Mr. Thompson, to Mr. Morley, and to Mr. Milner,[7] who was then on the staff, that Mr. Morley was going to be in Parliament before March next year, for I need hardly say that I never mentioned my first sinister41 intimation. I told Mr. Morley and the others exactly what had happened, namely, that I had received notice to be ready to take sole charge of the Pall Mall Gazette by March 16th next. They shrugged42 their shoulders, and Mr. Morley scouted43 the idea. He said he had almost given up the idea of entering Parliament, all preceding negotiations44 had fallen through, and he had come to the conclusion that he would stick to the Pall Mall Gazette. I said that he might come to what conclusion he liked, the fact remained that he was going to go.
I remember having a talk at the time with Mr. Milner about it. I remarked that the worst of people having premonitions is that they carefully hide up their prophecies until after the event, and then no one believed in them. "This time no one shall have the least doubt as to the fact that I have had my premonition well in advance of the fact. It is now October. I have told everybody whom it concerns whom I know. If it happens not to come to pass I will never have faith in my premonitions any more, and you may chaff45 me as much as you please as to the superstition. But if it turns up trumps46, then please remember that I have played doubles or quits and won."
Nobody at the office paid much attention to my vision, and a couple of months later Mr. Morley came to consult me as to some slight change which he proposed to make in the terms of his engagement which he was renewing for another year. As this change affected47 me slightly he came, with that courtesy and consideration which he always displayed in his dealings with his staff, to ask whether I should have any objection to this alteration48. As he was beginning to explain what this alteration would be I interrupted him. "Excuse me, Mr. Morley," said I, "when will this new arrangement come into effect?" "In May, I think," was the reply. "Then," said I, "you do not need to discuss it with me. I shall have sole charge of the Pall Mall Gazette before that time. You will not be here then, you will be in Parliament." "But," said Mr. Morley, "that is only your idea. What I want to know is whether you agree to the changes which I propose to make and which will somewhat affect your work in the office?" "But," I replied, "it is no use talking about that matter to me. You will not be here, and I shall be carrying on the Pall Mall Gazette; then what is the use of talking about it." Then Mr. Morley lifted his chin slightly in the air, and looking at me with somewhat natural disdain49, he asked, "And, pray, do you mean to tell me that I have not to make a business arrangement because you have had a vision?" "Not at all," said I; "you, of course, will make what business arrangements you please,—I cannot expect you to govern your conduct by my vision;—but as I shall have charge of the paper it is no use discussing the question with me. You can make what arrangements you please so far as I am concerned. They are so much waste paper. I ask you nothing about the arrangement, because I know it will never come into effect so far as relates to my work on the paper." Finding that I was impracticable, Mr. Morley left and concluded his arrangement without consultation50. One month later Mr. Ashton Dilke sickened with his fatal illness, and Mr. Morley was elected on February 24th, 1884, as Liberal candidate for Newcastle-on-Tyne. I remember that when the news came to Northumberland Street, the first remark which Mr. Thompson made was, "Well, Stead's presentiment is coming right after all."
I remember all through that contest, when the issue was for some time somewhat in doubt, feeling quite certain that if Mr. Morley did not get in he would die, or he would find some other constituency. I had no vision as to the success of his candidature at Newcastle. The one thing certain was that I was to have charge of the paper, and that he was to be out of it. When he was elected the question came as to what should be done? The control of the paper passed almost entirely51 into my hands at once, and Mr. Morley would have left altogether on the day mentioned in my vision, had not Mr. Thompson kindly interfered52 to secure me a holiday before saddling me with the sole responsibility. Mr. Morley, therefore, remained till midsummer; but his connection with the paper was very slight, parliamentary duties, as he understood them, being incompatible53 with close day-to-day editing of an evening paper.
Here, again, it could not possibly have been said that my premonition had any share in bringing about its realisation. It was not known by Mr. Ashton Dilke's most intimate friends in October that he would not be able to face another session. I did not even know that he was ill, and my vision, so far from being based on any calculation of Mr. Morley's chances of securing a seat in Parliament, was quite independent of all electoral changes. My vision, my message, my premonition, or whatever you please to call it, was strictly54 limited to one point, Mr. Morley only coming into it indirectly55. I was to have charge of certain duties which necessitated56 his disappearance57 from Northumberland Street. Note also that my message did not say that I was to be editor of the Pall Mall Gazette on Mr. Morley's departure, nor was I ever in strict title editor of that paper. I edited it, but Mr. Yates Thompson was nominally58 editor-in-chief, nor did I ever admit that I was editor until I was in the dock at the Old Bailey, when it would have been cowardly to have seemed to evade59 the responsibility of a position which I practically occupied, although, as a matter of fact, the post was never really conferred upon me.
7 (Return)
Now Lord Milner.
My Imprisonment60.
The third instance which I will quote is even more remarkable61, and entirely precluded62 any possibility of my premonition having any influence whatever in bringing about its realization63. During what is known as the Armstrong trial it became evident from the judge's ruling that a conviction must necessarily follow. I was accused of having conspired64 to take Eliza Armstrong from her parents without their consent. My defence was that her mother had sold the child through a neighbour for immoral65 purposes. I never alleged66 that the father had consented, and the judge ruled with unmistakable emphasis that her mother's consent, even if proved, was not sufficient. Here I may interpolate a remark to the effect that if Mrs. Armstrong had been asked to produce her marriage lines the sheet anchor of the prosecution67 would have given way, for long after the trial it was discovered that from a point of law Mr. Armstrong had no legal rights over Eliza, as she was born out of wedlock68. The council in the case, however, said we had no right to suggest this, however much we suspected it, unless we were prepared with evidence to justify69 the suggestion. As at that time we could not find the register of marriage at Somerset House the question was not put, and we were condemned70 largely on the false assumption that her father had legal rights as custodian71 of his daughter. And this, as it happened, was not the case. This, however, by the way.
When the trial was drawing to a close, conviction being certain, the question was naturally discussed as to what the sentence would be. Many of my friends, including those actively72 engaged in the trial on both sides, were strongly of opinion that under the circumstances it was certain I should only be bound over in my own recognisance to come up for judgment73 when called for. The circumstances were almost unprecedented74; the judge, and the Attorney-General, who prosecuted75, had in the strongest manner asserted that they recognised the excellence76 of the motives77 which had led me to take the course which had landed me in the dock. The Attorney-General himself was perfectly78 aware that his Government could never have passed the Criminal Law Amendment79 Act—would never even have attempted to do so—but for what I had done. The jury had found me guilty, but strongly recommended me to mercy on the ground, as they said, that I had been deceived by my agent. The conviction was very general that no sentence of imprisonment would be inflicted80.
I was never a moment in doubt. I knew I was going to gaol81 from the moment Rebecca Jarrett broke down in the witness-box. This may be said to be nothing extraordinary; but what was extraordinary was that I had the most absolute conviction that I was going to gaol for two months. I was told by those who considered themselves in a position to speak with authority that I was perfectly safe, that I should not be imprisoned82, and that I should make preparations to go abroad for a holiday as soon as the trial was over.
To all such representations I always replied by asserting with the most implicit83 confidence that I was certain to go to gaol, and that my sentence would be two months. When, however, on November, 10th, 1885, I stood in the dock to receive sentence, and received from the judge a sentence of three months, I was very considerably84 taken aback. I remember distinctly that I had to remember where I was in order to restrain the almost irresistible85 impulse to interrupt the judge and say, "I beg your pardon, my lord, you have made a mistake, the sentence ought to have been two months." But mark what followed. When I had been duly confined in Coldbath-on-the-Fields Prison, I looked at the little card which is fastened on the door of every cell giving the name of the prisoner, his offence, and the duration of his sentence. I found to my great relief that my presentiment had not been wrong after all. I had, it is true, been sentenced to three months' imprisonment, but the sentence was dated from the first day of the sessions. Our trial had been a very long one, and there had been other cases before it. The consequence was that the judge's sentence was as near two months as he possibly could have passed. My actual sojourn86 in gaol was two months and seven days. Had he sentenced me to two months' imprisonment I should only have been in gaol one month and seven days.
These three presentiments87 were quite unmistakable, and were not in the least to be confounded with the ordinary uneasy forebodings which come and go like clouds in a summer sky. Of the premonitions which still remain unfulfilled I will say nothing, excepting that they govern my action, and more or less colour the whole of my life. No person can have had three or four premonitions such as those which I have described without feeling that such premonitions are the only certainties of the future. They will be fulfilled, no matter how incredible they may appear; and amid the endless shifting circumstances of our life, these fixed88 points, towards which we are inevitably89 tending, help to give steadiness to a career, and a feeling of security to which the majority of men are strangers.[8] Premonitions are distinct from dreams, although many times they are communicated in sleep. Whether in the sleeping or waking stage there are times when mortal men gain, as it were, chance glimpses behind the veil which conceals90 the future. Sometimes this premonition takes the shape of a deep indwelling consciousness, based not on reason or on observation, that for us awaits some great work to be done, which we know but dimly, but which is, nevertheless, the one reality of life.
8 (Return)
One of the premonitions referred to by my Father was fulfilled on that fatal night in April, 1912, when the Titanic91 struck an iceberg92 and sunk with 1,600 souls, and his life on this plane ended.
He had known for years and stated the fact to many that he would not die in his bed and that his "passing" would be sudden and dramatic—that he would, as he put it, "die in his boots."
As to the actual cause or place of his "passing" he had no premonition—but rather inclined to the idea that he would be kicked to death in the streets by an angry mob whilst defending some unpopular cause. E. W. Stead.
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1
clairvoyance
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| n.超人的洞察力 | |
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phenomena
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| n.现象 | |
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scenic
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| adj.自然景色的，景色优美的 | |
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census
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| n.(官方的)人口调查，人口普查 | |
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highlander
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| n.高地的人，苏格兰高地地区的人 | |
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faculties
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| n.能力( faculty的名词复数 )；全体教职员；技巧；院 | |
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breach
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| n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破 | |
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deity
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| n.神，神性；被奉若神明的人(或物) | |
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hymn
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| n.赞美诗，圣歌，颂歌 | |
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obedience
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| n.服从，顺从 | |
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faculty
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| n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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superstitions
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| 迷信，迷信行为( superstition的名词复数 ) | |
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superstition
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| n.迷信，迷信行为 | |
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omens
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| n.前兆，预兆( omen的名词复数 ) | |
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portending
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| v.预示( portend的现在分词 )；预兆；给…以警告；预告 | |
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prerogative
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| n.特权 | |
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pall
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| v.覆盖，使平淡无味；n.柩衣，棺罩；棺材；帷幕 | |
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amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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tempt
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| vt.引诱，勾引，吸引，引起…的兴趣 | |
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dubiously
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| adv.可疑地，怀疑地 | |
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utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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berth
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| n.卧铺，停泊地，锚位；v.使停泊 | |
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bind
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| vt.捆，包扎；装订；约束；使凝固；vi.变硬 | |
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destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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solely
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| adv.仅仅，唯一地 | |
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proprietor
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| n.所有人；业主；经营者 | |
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kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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waived
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| v.宣布放弃( waive的过去式和过去分词 )；搁置；推迟；放弃（权利、要求等） | |
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deference
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| n.尊重，顺从；敬意 | |
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presentiment
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| n.预感，预觉 | |
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isle
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| n.小岛，岛 | |
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drizzling
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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footpath
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recollect
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| v.回忆，想起，记起，忆起，记得 | |
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awed
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| adj.充满敬畏的，表示敬畏的v.使敬畏，使惊惧( awe的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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reluctance
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| n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿 | |
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sinister
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| adj.不吉利的，凶恶的，左边的 | |
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shrugged
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| vt.耸肩（shrug的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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scouted
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| 寻找，侦察( scout的过去式和过去分词 )； 物色（优秀运动员、演员、音乐家等） | |
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negotiations
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| 协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过 | |
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chaff
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| v.取笑，嘲笑；n.谷壳 | |
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trumps
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| abbr.trumpets 喇叭；小号；喇叭形状的东西；喇叭筒v.（牌戏）出王牌赢（一牌或一墩）( trump的过去式 )；吹号公告，吹号庆祝；吹喇叭；捏造 | |
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affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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alteration
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| n.变更，改变；蚀变 | |
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disdain
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| n.鄙视，轻视；v.轻视，鄙视，不屑 | |
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consultation
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| n.咨询；商量；商议；会议 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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interfered
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| v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 )；调停；妨碍；干涉 | |
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incompatible
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| adj.不相容的，不协调的，不相配的 | |
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strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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indirectly
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| adv.间接地，不直接了当地 | |
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necessitated
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| 使…成为必要，需要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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disappearance
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| n.消失，消散，失踪 | |
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nominally
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| 在名义上，表面地； 应名儿 | |
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evade
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| vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避 | |
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imprisonment
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| n.关押，监禁，坐牢 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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precluded
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| v.阻止( preclude的过去式和过去分词 )；排除；妨碍；使…行不通 | |
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realization
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| n.实现；认识到，深刻了解 | |
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conspired
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| 密谋( conspire的过去式和过去分词 )； 搞阴谋； （事件等）巧合； 共同导致 | |
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immoral
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| adj.不道德的，淫荡的，荒淫的，有伤风化的 | |
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alleged
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| a.被指控的，嫌疑的 | |
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prosecution
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| n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营 | |
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wedlock
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| n.婚姻，已婚状态 | |
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justify
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| vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护 | |
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condemned
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| adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
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custodian
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| n.保管人，监护人；公共建筑看守 | |
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actively
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| adv.积极地，勤奋地 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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unprecedented
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| adj.无前例的，新奇的 | |
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prosecuted
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| a.被起诉的 | |
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excellence
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| n.优秀，杰出，(pl.)优点，美德 | |
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motives
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| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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amendment
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| n.改正，修正，改善，修正案 | |
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inflicted
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| 把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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gaol
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| n.(jail)监狱；(不加冠词)监禁；vt.使…坐牢 | |
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imprisoned
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| 下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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implicit
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| a.暗示的，含蓄的，不明晰的，绝对的 | |
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considerably
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| adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上 | |
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irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的，无法拒绝的，无法抗拒的 | |
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sojourn
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| v./n.旅居，寄居；逗留 | |
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presentiments
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| n.（对不祥事物的）预感( presentiment的名词复数 ) | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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inevitably
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| adv.不可避免地；必然发生地 | |
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conceals
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，遮住( conceal的第三人称单数 ) | |
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titanic
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| adj.巨人的，庞大的，强大的 | |
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iceberg
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| n.冰山，流冰，冷冰冰的人 | |
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