FUNERAL GAMES IN HONOUR OF PATROCLUS.280
Achilles and the Myrmidons do honours to the body of Patroclus. After the funeral feast he retires to the sea-shore, where, falling asleep, the ghost of his friend appears to him, and demands the rites1 of burial; the next morning the soldiers are sent with mules3 and waggons4 to fetch wood for the pyre. The funeral procession, and the offering their hair to the dead. Achilles sacrifices several animals, and lastly twelve Trojan captives, at the pile; then sets fire to it. He pays libations to the Winds, which (at the instance of Iris5) rise, and raise the flames. When the pile has burned all night, they gather the bones, place them in an urn7 of gold, and raise the tomb. Achilles institutes the funeral games: the chariot-race, the fight of the caestus, the wrestling, the foot-race, the single combat, the discus, the shooting with arrows, the darting9 the javelin10: the various descriptions of which, and the various success of the several antagonists11, make the greatest part of the book.
In this book ends the thirtieth day. The night following, the ghost of Patroclus appears to Achilles: the one-and-thirtieth day is employed in felling the timber for the pile: the two-and-thirtieth in burning it; and the three-and-thirtieth in the games. The scene is generally on the sea-shore.
Thus humbled13 in the dust, the pensive14 train
Through the sad city mourn'd her hero slain15.
The body soil'd with dust, and black with gore16,
Lies on broad Hellespont's resounding18 shore.
The Grecians seek their ships, and clear the strand19,
All, but the martial20 Myrmidonian band:
These yet assembled great Achilles holds,
And the stern purpose of his mind unfolds:
"Not yet, my brave companions of the war,
Release your smoking coursers from the car;
But, with his chariot each in order led,
Perform due honours to Patroclus dead.
Ere yet from rest or food we seek relief,
Some rites remain, to glut21 our rage of grief."
[pg 406]
The troops obey'd; and thrice in order led281
(Achilles first) their coursers round the dead;
And thrice their sorrows and laments22 renew;
Tears bathe their arms, and tears the sands bedew.
For such a warrior23 Thetis aids their woe24,
Melts their strong hearts, and bids their eyes to flow.
But chief, Pelides: thick-succeeding sighs
Burst from his heart, and torrents26 from his eyes:
His slaughtering27 hands, yet red with blood, he laid
On his dead friend's cold breast, and thus he said:
"All hail, Patroclus! let thy honour'd ghost
Hear, and rejoice on Pluto's dreary28 coast;
Behold29! Achilles' promise is complete;
The bloody30 Hector stretch'd before thy feet.
Lo! to the dogs his carcase I resign;
And twelve sad victims, of the Trojan line,
Sacred to vengeance31, instant shall expire;
Their lives effused around thy funeral pyre."
Gloomy he said, and (horrible to view)
Before the bier the bleeding Hector threw,
Prone33 on the dust. The Myrmidons around
Unbraced their armour34, and the steeds unbound.
All to Achilles' sable35 ship repair,
Frequent and full, the genial36 feast to share.
Now from the well-fed swine black smokes aspire37,
The bristly victims hissing38 o'er the fire:
The huge ox bellowing39 falls; with feebler cries
Expires the goat; the sheep in silence dies.
Around the hero's prostrate40 body flow'd,
In one promiscuous41 stream, the reeking42 blood.
And now a band of Argive monarchs43 brings
The glorious victor to the king of kings.
From his dead friend the pensive warrior went,
With steps unwilling45, to the regal tent.
The attending heralds46, as by office bound,
With kindled48 flames the tripod-vase surround:
To cleanse49 his conquering hands from hostile gore,
They urged in vain; the chief refused, and swore:282
"No drop shall touch me, by almighty50 Jove!
The first and greatest of the gods above!
Till on the pyre I place thee; till I rear
The grassy52 mound53, and clip thy sacred hair.
Some ease at least those pious54 rites may give,
And soothe55 my sorrows, while I bear to live.
Howe'er, reluctant as I am, I stay
And share your feast; but with the dawn of day,
[pg 407]
(O king of men!) it claims thy royal care,
That Greece the warrior's funeral pile prepare,
And bid the forests fall: (such rites are paid
To heroes slumbering56 in eternal shade:)
Then, when his earthly part shall mount in fire,
Let the leagued squadrons to their posts retire."
He spoke58: they hear him, and the word obey;
The rage of hunger and of thirst allay59,
Then ease in sleep the labours of the day.
But great Pelides, stretch'd along the shore,
Where, dash'd on rocks, the broken billows roar,
Lies inly groaning61; while on either hand
The martial Myrmidons confusedly stand.
Along the grass his languid members fall,
Tired with his chase around the Trojan wall;
Hush'd by the murmurs62 of the rolling deep,
At length he sinks in the soft arms of sleep.
When lo! the shade, before his closing eyes,
Of sad Patroclus rose, or seem'd to rise:
In the same robe he living wore, he came:
In stature63, voice, and pleasing look, the same.
The form familiar hover'd o'er his head,
"And sleeps Achilles? (thus the phantom64 said:)
Sleeps my Achilles, his Patroclus dead?
Living, I seem'd his dearest, tenderest care,
But now forgot, I wander in the air.
Let my pale corse the rites of burial know,
And give me entrance in the realms below:
Till then the spirit finds no resting-place,
But here and there the unbodied spectres chase
The vagrant65 dead around the dark abode66,
Forbid to cross the irremeable flood.
Now give thy hand; for to the farther shore
When once we pass, the soul returns no more:
When once the last funereal67 flames ascend68,
No more shall meet Achilles and his friend;
No more our thoughts to those we loved make known;
Or quit the dearest, to converse69 alone.
Me fate has sever'd from the sons of earth,
The fate fore-doom'd that waited from my birth:
Thee too it waits; before the Trojan wall
Even great and godlike thou art doom'd to fall.
Hear then; and as in fate and love we join,
Ah suffer that my bones may rest with thine!
Together have we lived; together bred,
One house received us, and one table fed;
That golden urn, thy goddess-mother gave,
May mix our ashes in one common grave."
"And is it thou? (he answers) To my sight283
[pg 408]
Once more return'st thou from the realms of night?
O more than brother! Think each office paid,
Whate'er can rest a discontented shade;
But grant one last embrace, unhappy boy!
Afford at least that melancholy70 joy."
He said, and with his longing71 arms essay'd
In vain to grasp the visionary shade!
Like a thin smoke he sees the spirit fly,284
And hears a feeble, lamentable72 cry.
Confused he wakes; amazement73 breaks the bands
Of golden sleep, and starting from the sands,
Pensive he muses74 with uplifted hands:
"'Tis true, 'tis certain; man, though dead, retains
Part of himself; the immortal75 mind remains76:
The form subsists77 without the body's aid,
Aerial semblance78, and an empty shade!
This night my friend, so late in battle lost,
Stood at my side, a pensive, plaintive79 ghost:
Even now familiar, as in life, he came;
Alas80! how different! yet how like the same!"
Thus while he spoke, each eye grew big with tears:
And now the rosy-finger'd morn appears,
Shows every mournful face with tears o'erspread,
And glares on the pale visage of the dead.
But Agamemnon, as the rites demand,
With mules and waggons sends a chosen band
To load the timber, and the pile to rear;
A charge consign'd to Merion's faithful care.
With proper instruments they take the road,
Axes to cut, and ropes to sling84 the load.
First march the heavy mules, securely slow,
O'er hills, o'er dales, o'er crags, o'er rocks they go:285
Jumping, high o'er the shrubs85 of the rough ground,
Rattle86 the clattering87 cars, and the shock'd axles bound
But when arrived at Ida's spreading woods,286
[pg 409]
(Fair Ida, water'd with descending88 floods,)
Loud sounds the axe83, redoubling strokes on strokes;
On all sides round the forest hurls90 her oaks
Headlong. Deep echoing groan60 the thickets91 brown;
Then rustling92, crackling, crashing, thunder down.
The wood the Grecians cleave93, prepared to burn;
And the slow mules the same rough road return
The sturdy woodmen equal burdens bore
(Such charge was given them) to the sandy shore;
There on the spot which great Achilles show'd,
They eased their shoulders, and disposed the load;
Circling around the place, where times to come
Shall view Patroclus' and Achilles' tomb.
The hero bids his martial troops appear
High on their cars in all the pomp of war;
Each in refulgent94 arms his limbs attires95,
All mount their chariots, combatants and squires96.
The chariots first proceed, a shining train;
Then clouds of foot that smoke along the plain;
Next these the melancholy band appear;
Amidst, lay dead Patroclus on the bier;
O'er all the corse their scattered97 locks they throw;
Achilles next, oppress'd with mighty51 woe,
Supporting with his hands the hero's head,
Bends o'er the extended body of the dead.
Patroclus decent on the appointed ground
They place, and heap the sylvan98 pile around.
But great Achilles stands apart in prayer,
And from his head divides the yellow hair;
Those curling locks which from his youth he vow99'd,287
And sacred grew, to Sperchius' honour'd flood:
Then sighing, to the deep his locks he cast,
And roll'd his eyes around the watery100 waste:
"Sperchius! whose waves in mazy errors lost
Delightful101 roll along my native coast!
To whom we vainly vow'd, at our return,
These locks to fall, and hecatombs to burn:
Full fifty rams102 to bleed in sacrifice,
Where to the day thy silver fountains rise,
And where in shade of consecrated103 bowers104
Thy altars stand, perfumed with native flowers!
So vow'd my father, but he vow'd in vain;
No more Achilles sees his native plain;
[pg 410]
In that vain hope these hairs no longer grow,
Patroclus bears them to the shades below."
Thus o'er Patroclus while the hero pray'd,
On his cold hand the sacred lock he laid.
Once more afresh the Grecian sorrows flow:
And now the sun had set upon their woe;
But to the king of men thus spoke the chief:
"Enough, Atrides! give the troops relief:
Permit the mourning legions to retire,
And let the chiefs alone attend the pyre;
The pious care be ours, the dead to burn—"
He said: the people to their ships return:
While those deputed to inter105 the slain
Heap with a rising pyramid the plain.288
A hundred foot in length, a hundred wide,
The growing structure spreads on every side;
High on the top the manly106 corse they lay,
And well-fed sheep and sable oxen slay107:
Achilles covered with their fat the dead,
And the piled victims round the body spread;
Then jars of honey, and of fragrant108 oil,
Suspends around, low-bending o'er the pile.
Four sprightly109 coursers, with a deadly groan
Pour forth110 their lives, and on the pyre are thrown.
Of nine large dogs, domestic at his board,
Fall two, selected to attend their lord,
Then last of all, and horrible to tell,
Sad sacrifice! twelve Trojan captives fell.289
On these the rage of fire victorious111 preys112,
Involves and joins them in one common blaze.
Smear'd with the bloody rites, he stands on high,
And calls the spirit with a dreadful cry:290
"All hail, Patroclus! let thy vengeful ghost
Hear, and exult115, on Pluto's dreary coast.
Behold Achilles' promise fully116 paid,
Twelve Trojan heroes offer'd to thy shade;
But heavier fates on Hector's corse attend,
Saved from the flames, for hungry dogs to rend117."
So spake he, threatening: but the gods made vain
His threat, and guard inviolate118 the slain:
Celestial119 Venus hover'd o'er his head,
And roseate unguents, heavenly fragrance120! shed:
She watch'd him all the night and all the day,
And drove the bloodhounds from their destined121 prey113.
[pg 411]
Nor sacred Phoebus less employ'd his care;
He pour'd around a veil of gather'd air,
And kept the nerves undried, the flesh entire,
Against the solar beam and Sirian fire.
Illustration: THE FUNERAL PILE OF PATROCLUS.
THE FUNERAL PILE OF PATROCLUS.
Nor yet the pile, where dead Patroclus lies,
Smokes, nor as yet the sullen122 flames arise;
But, fast beside, Achilles stood in prayer,
Invoked123 the gods whose spirit moves the air,
And victims promised, and libations cast,
To gentle Zephyr124 and the Boreal blast:
He call'd the aerial powers, along the skies
To breathe, and whisper to the fires to rise.
The winged Iris heard the hero's call,
And instant hasten'd to their airy hall,
Where in old Zephyr's open courts on high,
Sat all the blustering125 brethren of the sky.
She shone amidst them, on her painted bow;
The rocky pavement glitter'd with the show.
All from the banquet rise, and each invites
The various goddess to partake the rites.
"Not so (the dame126 replied), I haste to go
To sacred Ocean, and the floods below:
Even now our solemn hecatombs attend,
And heaven is feasting on the world's green end
With righteous Ethiops (uncorrupted train!)
Far on the extremest limits of the main.
But Peleus' son entreats127, with sacrifice,
The western spirit, and the north, to rise!
Let on Patroclus' pile your blast be driven,
And bear the blazing honours high to heaven."
[pg 412]
Swift as the word she vanish'd from their view;
Swift as the word the winds tumultuous flew;
Forth burst the stormy band with thundering roar,
And heaps on heaps the clouds are toss'd before.
To the wide main then stooping from the skies,
The heaving deeps in watery mountains rise:
Troy feels the blast along her shaking walls,
Till on the pile the gather'd tempest falls.
The structure crackles in the roaring fires,
And all the night the plenteous flame aspires129.
All night Achilles hails Patroclus' soul,
With large libations from the golden bowl.
As a poor father, helpless and undone130,
Mourns o'er the ashes of an only son,
Takes a sad pleasure the last bones to burn,
And pours in tears, ere yet they close the urn:
So stay'd Achilles, circling round the shore,
So watch'd the flames, till now they flame no more.
'Twas when, emerging through the shades of night.
The morning planet told the approach of light;
And, fast behind, Aurora's warmer ray
O'er the broad ocean pour'd the golden day:
Then sank the blaze, the pile no longer burn'd,
And to their caves the whistling winds return'd:
Across the Thracian seas their course they bore;
The ruffled131 seas beneath their passage roar.
Then parting from the pile he ceased to weep,
And sank to quiet in the embrace of sleep,
Exhausted132 with his grief: meanwhile the crowd
Of thronging133 Grecians round Achilles stood;
The tumult128 waked him: from his eyes he shook
Unwilling slumber57, and the chiefs bespoke135:
"Ye kings and princes of the Achaian name!
First let us quench136 the yet remaining flame
With sable wine; then, as the rites direct,
The hero's bones with careful view select:
(Apart, and easy to be known they lie
Amidst the heap, and obvious to the eye:
The rest around the margin137 will be seen
Promiscuous, steeds and immolated138 men:)
These wrapp'd in double cauls of fat, prepare;
And in the golden vase dispose with care;
There let them rest with decent honour laid,
Till I shall follow to the infernal shade.
Meantime erect139 the tomb with pious hands,
A common structure on the humble12 sands:
Hereafter Greece some nobler work may raise,
And late posterity140 record our praise!"
The Greeks obey; where yet the embers glow,
Wide o'er the pile the sable wine they throw,
[pg 413]
And deep subsides141 the ashy heap below.
Next the white bones his sad companions place,
With tears collected, in the golden vase.
The sacred relics142 to the tent they bore;
The urn a veil of linen143 covered o'er.
That done, they bid the sepulchre aspire,
And cast the deep foundations round the pyre;
High in the midst they heap the swelling145 bed
Of rising earth, memorial of the dead.
The swarming146 populace the chief detains,
And leads amidst a wide extent of plains;
There placed them round: then from the ships proceeds
A train of oxen, mules, and stately steeds,
Vases and tripods (for the funeral games),
Resplendent brass147, and more resplendent dames148.
First stood the prizes to reward the force
Of rapid racers in the dusty course:
A woman for the first, in beauty's bloom,
Skill'd in the needle, and the labouring loom32;
And a large vase, where two bright handles rise,
Of twenty measures its capacious size.
The second victor claims a mare149 unbroke,
Big with a mule2, unknowing of the yoke150:
The third, a charger yet untouch'd by flame;
Four ample measures held the shining frame:
Two golden talents for the fourth were placed:
An ample double bowl contents the last.
These in fair order ranged upon the plain,
The hero, rising, thus address'd the train:
"Behold the prizes, valiant151 Greeks! decreed
To the brave rulers of the racing152 steed;
Prizes which none beside ourself could gain,
Should our immortal coursers take the plain;
(A race unrivall'd, which from ocean's god
Peleus received, and on his son bestow153'd.)
But this no time our vigour154 to display;
Nor suit, with them, the games of this sad day:
Lost is Patroclus now, that wont155 to deck
Their flowing manes, and sleek156 their glossy157 neck.
Sad, as they shared in human grief, they stand,
And trail those graceful158 honours on the sand!
Let others for the noble task prepare,
Who trust the courser and the flying car."
Fired at his word the rival racers rise;
But far the first Eumelus hopes the prize,
Famed though Pieria for the fleetest breed,
And skill'd to manage the high-bounding steed.
With equal ardour bold Tydides swell144'd,
The steeds of Tros beneath his yoke compell'd
(Which late obey'd the Dardan chiefs command,
[pg 414]
When scarce a god redeem'd him from his hand).
Then Menelaus his Podargus brings,
And the famed courser of the king of kings:
Whom rich Echepolus (more rich than brave),
To 'scape the wars, to Agamemnon gave,
(?the her name) at home to end his days;
Base wealth preferring to eternal praise.
Next him Antilochus demands the course
With beating heart, and cheers his Pylian horse.
Experienced Nestor gives his son the reins159,
Directs his judgment161, and his heat restrains;
Nor idly warns the hoary162 sire, nor hears
The prudent163 son with unattending ears.
"My son! though youthful ardour fire thy breast,
The gods have loved thee, and with arts have bless'd;
Neptune164 and Jove on thee conferr'd the skill
Swift round the goal to turn the flying wheel.
To guide thy conduct little precept165 needs;
But slow, and past their vigour, are my steeds.
Fear not thy rivals, though for swiftness known;
Compare those rivals' judgment and thy own:
It is not strength, but art, obtains the prize,
And to be swift is less than to be wise.
'Tis more by art than force of numerous strokes
The dexterous166 woodman shapes the stubborn oaks;
By art the pilot, through the boiling deep
And howling tempest, steers167 the fearless ship;
And 'tis the artist wins the glorious course;
Not those who trust in chariots and in horse.
In vain, unskilful to the goal they strive,
And short, or wide, the ungovern'd courser drive:
While with sure skill, though with inferior steeds,
The knowing racer to his end proceeds;
Fix'd on the goal his eye foreruns the course,
His hand unerring steers the steady horse,
And now contracts, or now extends the rein160,
Observing still the foremost on the plain.
Mark then the goal, 'tis easy to be found;
Yon aged169 trunk, a cubit from the ground;
Of some once stately oak the last remains,
Or hardy170 fir, unperish'd with the rains:
Inclosed with stones, conspicuous171 from afar;
And round, a circle for the wheeling car.
(Some tomb perhaps of old, the dead to grace;
Or then, as now, the limit of a race.)
Bear close to this, and warily172 proceed,
A little bending to the left-hand steed;
But urge the right, and give him all the reins;
While thy strict hand his fellow's head restrains,
And turns him short; till, doubling as they roll,
[pg 415]
The wheel's round naves173 appear to brush the goal.
Yet (not to break the car, or lame6 the horse)
Clear of the stony174 heap direct the course;
Lest through incaution failing, thou mayst be
A joy to others, a reproach to me.
So shalt thou pass the goal, secure of mind,
And leave unskilful swiftness far behind:
Though thy fierce rival drove the matchless steed
Which bore Adrastus, of celestial breed;
Or the famed race, through all the regions known,
That whirl'd the car of proud Laomedon."
Thus (nought unsaid) the much-advising sage81
Concludes; then sat, stiff with unwieldy age.
Next bold Meriones was seen to rise,
The last, but not least ardent176 for the prize.
They mount their seats; the lots their place dispose
(Roll'd in his helmet, these Achilles throws).
Young Nestor leads the race: Eumelus then;
And next the brother of the king of men:
Thy lot, Meriones, the fourth was cast;
And, far the bravest, Diomed, was last.
They stand in order, an impatient train:
Pelides points the barrier on the plain,
And sends before old Phoenix177 to the place,
To mark the racers, and to judge the race.
At once the coursers from the barrier bound;
The lifted scourges179 all at once resound17;
Their heart, their eyes, their voice, they send before;
And up the champaign thunder from the shore:
Thick, where they drive, the dusty clouds arise,
And the lost courser in the whirlwind flies;
Loose on their shoulders the long manes reclined,
Float in their speed, and dance upon the wind:
The smoking chariots, rapid as they bound,
Now seem to touch the sky, and now the ground.
While hot for fame, and conquest all their care,
(Each o'er his flying courser hung in air,)
Erect with ardour, poised180 upon the rein,
They pant, they stretch, they shout along the plain.
Now (the last compass fetch'd around the goal)
At the near prize each gathers all his soul,
Each burns with double hope, with double pain,
Tears up the shore, and thunders toward the main.
First flew Eumelus on Pheretian steeds;
With those of Tros bold Diomed succeeds:
Close on Eumelus' back they puff181 the wind,
And seem just mounting on his car behind;
Full on his neck he feels the sultry breeze,
And, hovering182 o'er, their stretching shadows sees.
Then had he lost, or left a doubtful prize;
[pg 416]
But angry Phoebus to Tydides flies,
Strikes from his hand the scourge178, and renders vain
His matchless horses' labour on the plain.
Rage fills his eye with anguish183, to survey
Snatch'd from his hope the glories of the day.
The fraud celestial Pallas sees with pain,
Springs to her knight184, and gives the scourge again,
And fills his steeds with vigour. At a stroke
She breaks his rival's chariot from the yoke:
No more their way the startled horses held;
The car reversed came rattling185 on the field;
Shot headlong from his seat, beside the wheel,
Prone on the dust the unhappy master fell;
His batter'd face and elbows strike the ground;
Nose, mouth, and front, one undistinguish'd wound:
Grief stops his voice, a torrent25 drowns his eyes:
Before him far the glad Tydides flies;
Minerva's spirit drives his matchless pace,
And crowns him victor of the labour'd race.
The next, though distant, Menelaus succeeds;
While thus young Nestor animates186 his steeds:
"Now, now, my generous pair, exert your force;
Not that we hope to match Tydides' horse,
Since great Minerva wings their rapid way,
And gives their lord the honours of the day;
But reach Atrides! shall his mare outgo
Your swiftness? vanquish187'd by a female foe188?
Through your neglect, if lagging on the plain
The last ignoble189 gift be all we gain,
No more shall Nestor's hand your food supply,
The old man's fury rises, and ye die.
Haste then: yon narrow road, before our sight,
Presents the occasion, could we use it right."
Thus he. The coursers at their master's threat
With quicker steps the sounding champaign beat.
And now Antilochus with nice survey
Observes the compass of the hollow way.
'Twas where, by force of wintry torrents torn,
Fast by the road a precipice190 was worn:
Here, where but one could pass, to shun191 the throng134
The Spartan192 hero's chariot smoked along.
Close up the venturous youth resolves to keep,
Still edging near, and bears him toward the steep.
Atrides, trembling, casts his eye below,
And wonders at the rashness of his foe.
"Hold, stay your steeds—What madness thus to ride
This narrow way! take larger field (he cried),
Or both must fall."—Atrides cried in vain;
He flies more fast, and throws up all the rein.
Far as an able arm the disk can send,
[pg 417]
When youthful rivals their full force extend,
So far, Antilochus! thy chariot flew
Before the king: he, cautious, backward drew
His horse compell'd; foreboding in his fears
The rattling ruin of the clashing cars,
The floundering coursers rolling on the plain,
And conquest lost through frantic194 haste to gain.
But thus upbraids195 his rival as he flies:
"Go, furious youth! ungenerous and unwise!
Go, but expect not I'll the prize resign;
Add perjury196 to fraud, and make it thine—"
Then to his steeds with all his force he cries,
"Be swift, be vigorous, and regain197 the prize!
Your rivals, destitute198 of youthful force,
With fainting knees shall labour in the course,
And yield the glory yours."—The steeds obey;
Already at their heels they wing their way,
And seem already to retrieve199 the day.
Meantime the Grecians in a ring beheld200
The coursers bounding o'er the dusty field.
The first who mark'd them was the Cretan king;
High on a rising ground, above the ring,
The monarch44 sat: from whence with sure survey
He well observed the chief who led the way,
And heard from far his animating201 cries,
And saw the foremost steed with sharpen'd eyes;
On whose broad front a blaze of shining white,
Like the full moon, stood obvious to the sight.
He saw; and rising, to the Greeks begun:
"Are yonder horse discern'd by me alone?
Or can ye, all, another chief survey,
And other steeds than lately led the way?
Those, though the swiftest, by some god withheld202,
Lie sure disabled in the middle field:
For, since the goal they doubled, round the plain
I search to find them, but I search in vain.
Perchance the reins forsook203 the driver's hand,
And, turn'd too short, he tumbled on the strand,
Shot from the chariot; while his coursers stray
With frantic fury from the destined way.
Rise then some other, and inform my sight,
For these dim eyes, perhaps, discern not right;
Yet sure he seems, to judge by shape and air,
The great ?tolian chief, renown'd in war."
"Old man! (Oileus rashly thus replies)
Thy tongue too hastily confers the prize;
Of those who view the course, nor sharpest eyed,
Nor youngest, yet the readiest to decide.
Eumelus' steeds, high bounding in the chase,
Still, as at first, unrivall'd lead the race:
[pg 418]
I well discern him, as he shakes the rein,
And hear his shouts victorious o'er the plain."
Thus he. Idomeneus, incensed205, rejoin'd:
"Barbarous of words! and arrogant206 of mind!
Contentious207 prince, of all the Greeks beside
The last in merit, as the first in pride!
To vile208 reproach what answer can we make?
A goblet209 or a tripod let us stake,
And be the king the judge. The most unwise
Will learn their rashness, when they pay the price."
He said: and Ajax, by mad passion borne,
Stern had replied; fierce scorn enhancing scorn
To fell extremes. But Thetis' godlike son
Awful amidst them rose, and thus begun:
"Forbear, ye chiefs! reproachful to contend;
Much would ye blame, should others thus offend:
And lo! the approaching steeds your contest end."
No sooner had he spoke, but thundering near,
Drives, through a stream of dust, the charioteer.
High o'er his head the circling lash193 he wields210:
His bounding horses scarcely touch the fields:
His car amidst the dusty whirlwind roll'd,
Bright with the mingled211 blaze of tin and gold,
Refulgent through the cloud: no eye could find
The track his flying wheels had left behind:
And the fierce coursers urged their rapid pace
So swift, it seem'd a flight, and not a race.
Now victor at the goal Tydides stands,
Quits his bright car, and springs upon the sands;
From the hot steeds the sweaty torrents stream;
The well-plied whip is hung athwart the beam:
With joy brave Sthenelus receives the prize,
The tripod-vase, and dame with radiant eyes:
These to the ships his train triumphant212 leads,
The chief himself unyokes the panting steeds.
Young Nestor follows (who by art, not force,
O'erpass'd Atrides) second in the course.
Behind, Atrides urged the race, more near
Than to the courser in his swift career
The following car, just touching213 with his heel
And brushing with his tail the whirling wheel:
Such, and so narrow now the space between
The rivals, late so distant on the green;
So soon swift ?the her lost ground regain'd,
One length, one moment, had the race obtain'd.
Merion pursued, at greater distance still,
With tardier214 coursers, and inferior skill.
Last came, Admetus! thy unhappy son;
Slow dragged the steeds his batter'd chariot on:
Achilles saw, and pitying thus begun:
[pg 419]
"Behold! the man whose matchless art surpass'd
The sons of Greece! the ablest, yet the last!
Fortune denies, but justice bids us pay
(Since great Tydides bears the first away)
To him the second honours of the day."
The Greeks consent with loud-applauding cries,
And then Eumelus had received the prize,
But youthful Nestor, jealous of his fame,
The award opposes, and asserts his claim.
"Think not (he cries) I tamely will resign,
O Peleus' son! the mare so justly mine.
What if the gods, the skilful168 to confound,
Have thrown the horse and horseman to the ground?
Perhaps he sought not heaven by sacrifice,
And vows215 omitted forfeited216 the prize.
If yet (distinction to thy friend to show,
And please a soul desirous to bestow)
Some gift must grace Eumelus, view thy store
Of beauteous handmaids, steeds, and shining ore;
An ample present let him thence receive,
And Greece shall praise thy generous thirst to give.
But this my prize I never shall forego;
This, who but touches, warriors217! is my foe."
Thus spake the youth; nor did his words offend;
Pleased with the well-turn'd flattery of a friend,
Achilles smiled: "The gift proposed (he cried),
Antilochus! we shall ourself provide.
With plates of brass the corslet cover'd o'er,
(The same renown'd Asteropaeus wore,)
Whose glittering margins218 raised with silver shine,
(No vulgar gift,) Eumelus! shall be thine."
He said: Automedon at his command
The corslet brought, and gave it to his hand.
Distinguish'd by his friend, his bosom219 glows
With generous joy: then Menelaus rose;
The herald47 placed the sceptre in his hands,
And still'd the clamour of the shouting bands.
Not without cause incensed at Nestor's son,
And inly grieving, thus the king begun:
"The praise of wisdom, in thy youth obtain'd,
An act so rash, Antilochus! has stain'd.
Robb'd of my glory and my just reward,
To you, O Grecians! be my wrong declared:
So not a leader shall our conduct blame,
Or judge me envious220 of a rival's fame.
But shall not we, ourselves, the truth maintain?
What needs appealing in a fact so plain?
What Greek shall blame me, if I bid thee rise,
And vindicate221 by oath th' ill-gotten prize?
Rise if thou darest, before thy chariot stand,
[pg 420]
The driving scourge high-lifted in thy hand;
And touch thy steeds, and swear thy whole intent
Was but to conquer, not to circumvent222.
Swear by that god whose liquid arms surround
The globe, and whose dread114 earthquakes heave the ground!"
The prudent chief with calm attention heard;
Then mildly thus: "Excuse, if youth have err'd;
Superior as thou art, forgive the offence,
Nor I thy equal, or in years, or sense.
Thou know'st the errors of unripen'd age,
Weak are its counsels, headlong is its rage.
The prize I quit, if thou thy wrath223 resign;
The mare, or aught thou ask'st, be freely thine
Ere I become (from thy dear friendship torn)
Hateful to thee, and to the gods forsworn."
So spoke Antilochus; and at the word
The mare contested to the king restored.
Joy swells224 his soul: as when the vernal grain
Lifts the green ear above the springing plain,
The fields their vegetable life renew,
And laugh and glitter with the morning dew;
Such joy the Spartan's shining face o'erspread,
And lifted his gay heart, while thus he said:
"Still may our souls, O generous youth! agree
'Tis now Atrides' turn to yield to thee.
Rash heat perhaps a moment might control,
Not break, the settled temper of thy soul.
Not but (my friend) 'tis still the wiser way
To waive225 contention226 with superior sway;
For ah! how few, who should like thee offend,
Like thee, have talents to regain the friend!
To plead indulgence, and thy fault atone227,
Suffice thy father's merit and thy own:
Generous alike, for me, the sire and son
Have greatly suffer'd, and have greatly done.
I yield; that all may know, my soul can bend,
Nor is my pride preferr'd before my friend."
He said; and pleased his passion to command,
Resign'd the courser to Noemon's hand,
Friend of the youthful chief: himself content,
The shining charger to his vessel228 sent.
The golden talents Merion next obtain'd;
The fifth reward, the double bowl, remain'd.
Achilles this to reverend Nestor bears.
And thus the purpose of his gift declares:
"Accept thou this, O sacred sire! (he said)
In dear memorial of Patroclus dead;
Dead and for ever lost Patroclus lies,
For ever snatch'd from our desiring eyes!
Take thou this token of a grateful heart,
[pg 421]
Though 'tis not thine to hurl89 the distant dart8,
The quoit to toss, the ponderous229 mace230 to wield175,
Or urge the race, or wrestle231 on the field:
Thy pristine232 vigour age has overthrown233,
But left the glory of the past thy own."
He said, and placed the goblet at his side;
With joy the venerable king replied:
"Wisely and well, my son, thy words have proved
A senior honour'd, and a friend beloved!
Too true it is, deserted235 of my strength,
These wither'd arms and limbs have fail'd at length.
Oh! had I now that force I felt of yore,
Known through Buprasium and the Pylian shore!
Victorious then in every solemn game,
Ordain'd to Amarynces' mighty name;
The brave Epeians gave my glory way,
?tolians, Pylians, all resign'd the day.
I quell'd Clytomedes in fights of hand,
And backward hurl'd Ancaeus on the sand,
Surpass'd Iphyclus in the swift career,
Phyleus and Polydorus with the spear.
The sons of Actor won the prize of horse,
But won by numbers, not by art or force:
For the famed twins, impatient to survey
Prize after prize by Nestor borne away,
Sprung to their car; and with united pains
One lash'd the coursers, while one ruled the reins.
Such once I was! Now to these tasks succeeds
A younger race, that emulate236 our deeds:
I yield, alas! (to age who must not yield?)
Though once the foremost hero of the field.
Go thou, my son! by generous friendship led,
With martial honours decorate the dead:
While pleased I take the gift thy hands present,
(Pledge of benevolence237, and kind intent,)
Rejoiced, of all the numerous Greeks, to see
Not one but honours sacred age and me:
Those due distinctions thou so well canst pay,
May the just gods return another day!"
Proud of the gift, thus spake the full of days:
Achilles heard him, prouder of the praise.
The prizes next are order'd to the field,
For the bold champions who the caestus wield.
A stately mule, as yet by toils238 unbroke,
Of six years' age, unconscious of the yoke,
Is to the circus led, and firmly bound;
Next stands a goblet, massy, large, and round.
Achilles rising, thus: "Let Greece excite
Two heroes equal to this hardy fight;
Who dare the foe with lifted arms provoke,
[pg 422]
And rush beneath the long-descending stroke.
On whom Apollo shall the palm bestow,
And whom the Greeks supreme239 by conquest know,
This mule his dauntless labours shall repay,
The vanquish'd bear the massy bowl away."
This dreadful combat great Epeus chose;291
High o'er the crowd, enormous bulk! he rose,
And seized the beast, and thus began to say:
"Stand forth some man, to bear the bowl away!
(Price of his ruin: for who dares deny
This mule my right; the undoubted victor I)
Others, 'tis own'd, in fields of battle shine,
But the first honours of this fight are mine;
For who excels in all? Then let my foe
Draw near, but first his certain fortune know;
Secure this hand shall his whole frame confound,
Mash240 all his bones, and all his body pound:
So let his friends be nigh, a needful train,
To heave the batter'd carcase off the plain."
The giant spoke; and in a stupid gaze
The host beheld him, silent with amaze!
'Twas thou, Euryalus! who durst aspire
To meet his might, and emulate thy sire,
The great Mecistheus; who in days of yore
In Theban games the noblest trophy241 bore,
(The games ordain'd dead OEdipus to grace,)
And singly vanquish the Cadmean race.
Him great Tydides urges to contend,
Warm with the hopes of conquest for his friend;
Officious with the cincture girds him round;
And to his wrist the gloves of death are bound.
Amid the circle now each champion stands,
And poises242 high in air his iron hands;
With clashing gauntlets now they fiercely close,
[pg 423]
Their crackling jaws243 re-echo to the blows,
And painful sweat from all their members flows.
At length Epeus dealt a weighty blow
Full on the cheek of his unwary foe;
Beneath that ponderous arm's resistless sway
Down dropp'd he, nerveless, and extended lay.
As a large fish, when winds and waters roar,
By some huge billow dash'd against the shore,
Lies panting; not less batter'd with his wound,
The bleeding hero pants upon the ground.
To rear his fallen foe, the victor lends,
Scornful, his hand; and gives him to his friends;
Whose arms support him, reeling through the throng,
And dragging his disabled legs along;
Nodding, his head hangs down his shoulder o'er;
His mouth and nostrils244 pour the clotted245 gore;292
Wrapp'd round in mists he lies, and lost to thought;
His friends receive the bowl, too dearly bought.
The third bold game Achilles next demands,
And calls the wrestlers to the level sands:
A massy tripod for the victor lies,
Of twice six oxen its reputed price;
And next, the loser's spirits to restore,
A female captive, valued but at four.
Scarce did the chief the vigorous strife246 prop82
When tower-like Ajax and Ulysses rose.
Amid the ring each nervous rival stands,
Embracing rigid247 with implicit248 hands.
Close lock'd above, their heads and arms are mix'd:
Below, their planted feet at distance fix'd;
Like two strong rafters which the builder forms,
Proof to the wintry winds and howling storms,
Their tops connected, but at wider space
Fix'd on the centre stands their solid base.
Now to the grasp each manly body bends;
The humid sweat from every pore descends249;
Their bones resound with blows: sides, shoulders, thighs250
Swell to each gripe, and bloody tumours251 rise.
Nor could Ulysses, for his art renown'd,
O'erturn the strength of Ajax on the ground;
Nor could the strength of Ajax overthrow234
The watchful252 caution of his artful foe.
While the long strife even tired the lookers on,
Thus to Ulysses spoke great Telamon:
"Or let me lift thee, chief, or lift thou me:
Prove we our force, and Jove the rest decree."
[pg 424]
He said; and, straining, heaved him off the ground
With matchless strength; that time Ulysses found
The strength to evade253, and where the nerves combine
His ankle struck: the giant fell supine;
Ulysses, following, on his bosom lies;
Shouts of applause run rattling through the skies.
Ajax to lift Ulysses next essays;
He barely stirr'd him, but he could not raise:
His knee lock'd fast, the foe's attempt denied;
And grappling close, they tumbled side by side.
Defiled254 with honourable255 dust they roll,
Still breathing strife, and unsubdued of soul:
Again they rage, again to combat rise;
When great Achilles thus divides the prize:
"Your noble vigour, O my friends, restrain;
Nor weary out your generous strength in vain.
Ye both have won: let others who excel,
Now prove that prowess you have proved so well."
The hero's words the willing chiefs obey,
From their tired bodies wipe the dust away,
And, clothed anew, the following games survey.
And now succeed the gifts ordain'd to grace
The youths contending in the rapid race:
A silver urn that full six measures held,
By none in weight or workmanship excell'd:
Sidonian artists taught the frame to shine,
Elaborate, with artifice256 divine;
Whence Tyrian sailors did the prize transport,
And gave to Thoas at the Lemnian port:
From him descended257, good Eunaeus heir'd
The glorious gift; and, for Lycaon spared,
To brave Patroclus gave the rich reward:
Now, the same hero's funeral rites to grace,
It stands the prize of swiftness in the race.
A well-fed ox was for the second placed;
And half a talent must content the last.
Achilles rising then bespoke the train:
"Who hope the palm of swiftness to obtain,
Stand forth, and bear these prizes from the plain."
The hero said, and starting from his place,
Oilean Ajax rises to the race;
Ulysses next; and he whose speed surpass'd
His youthful equals, Nestor's son, the last.
Ranged in a line the ready racers stand;
Pelides points the barrier with his hand;
All start at once; Oileus led the race;
The next Ulysses, measuring pace with pace;
Behind him, diligently258 close, he sped,
As closely following as the running thread
The spindle follows, and displays the charms
[pg 425]
Of the fair spinster's breast and moving arms:
Graceful in motion thus, his foe he plies204,
And treads each footstep ere the dust can rise;
His glowing breath upon his shoulders plays:
The admiring Greeks loud acclamations raise:
To him they give their wishes, hearts, and eyes,
And send their souls before him as he flies.
Now three times turn'd in prospect259 of the goal,
The panting chief to Pallas lifts his soul:
"Assist, O goddess!" thus in thought he pray'd!
And present at his thought descends the maid.
Buoy'd by her heavenly force, he seems to swim,
And feels a pinion260 lifting every limb.
All fierce, and ready now the prize to gain,
Unhappy Ajax stumbles on the plain
(O'erturn'd by Pallas), where the slippery shore
Was clogg'd with slimy dung and mingled gore.
(The self-same place beside Patroclus' pyre,
Where late the slaughter'd victims fed the fire.)
Besmear'd with filth261, and blotted262 o'er with clay,
Obscene to sight, the rueful racer lay;
The well-fed bull (the second prize) he shared,
And left the urn Ulysses' rich reward.
Then, grasping by the horn the mighty beast,
The baffled hero thus the Greeks address'd:
"Accursed fate! the conquest I forego;
A mortal I, a goddess was my foe;
She urged her favourite on the rapid way,
And Pallas, not Ulysses, won the day."
Thus sourly wail'd he, sputtering263 dirt and gore;
A burst of laughter echoed through the shore.
Antilochus, more humorous than the rest,
Takes the last prize, and takes it with a jest:
"Why with our wiser elders should we strive?
The gods still love them, and they always thrive.
Ye see, to Ajax I must yield the prize:
He to Ulysses, still more aged and wise;
(A green old age unconscious of decays,
That proves the hero born in better days!)
Behold his vigour in this active race!
Achilles only boasts a swifter pace:
For who can match Achilles? He who can,
Must yet be more than hero, more than man."
The effect succeeds the speech. Pelides cries,
"Thy artful praise deserves a better prize.
Nor Greece in vain shall hear thy friend extoll'd;
Receive a talent of the purest gold."
The youth departs content. The host admire
The son of Nestor, worthy264 of his sire.
Next these a buckler, spear, and helm, he brings;
[pg 426]
Cast on the plain, the brazen265 burden rings:
Arms which of late divine Sarpedon wore,
And great Patroclus in short triumph bore.
"Stand forth the bravest of our host! (he cries)
Whoever dares deserve so rich a prize,
Now grace the lists before our army's sight,
And sheathed266 in steel, provoke his foe to fight.
Who first the jointed267 armour shall explore,
And stain his rival's mail with issuing gore,
The sword Asteropaeus possess'd of old,
(A Thracian blade, distinct with studs of gold,)
Shall pay the stroke, and grace the striker's side:
These arms in common let the chiefs divide:
For each brave champion, when the combat ends,
A sumptuous268 banquet at our tents attends."
Fierce at the word uprose great Tydeus' son,
And the huge bulk of Ajax Telamon.
Clad in refulgent steel, on either hand,
The dreadful chiefs amid the circle stand;
Louring they meet, tremendous to the sight;
Each Argive bosom beats with fierce delight.
Opposed in arms not long they idly stood,
But thrice they closed, and thrice the charge renew'd.
A furious pass the spear of Ajax made
Through the broad shield, but at the corslet stay'd.
Not thus the foe: his javelin aim'd above
The buckler's margin, at the neck he drove.
But Greece, now trembling for her hero's life,
Bade share the honours, and surcease the strife.
Yet still the victor's due Tydides gains,
With him the sword and studded belt remains.
Then hurl'd the hero, thundering on the ground,
A mass of iron (an enormous round),
Whose weight and size the circling Greeks admire,
Rude from the furnace, and but shaped by fire.
This mighty quoit Aetion wont to rear,
And from his whirling arm dismiss in air;
The giant by Achilles slain, he stow'd
Among his spoils this memorable269 load.
For this, he bids those nervous artists vie,
That teach the disk to sound along the sky.
"Let him, whose might can hurl this bowl, arise;
Who farthest hurls it, take it as his prize;
If he be one enrich'd with large domain270
Of downs for flocks, and arable271 for grain,
Small stock of iron needs that man provide;
His hinds272 and swains whole years shall be supplied
From hence; nor ask the neighbouring city's aid
For ploughshares, wheels, and all the rural trade."
Stern Polypoetes stepp'd before the throng,
[pg 427]
And great Leonteus, more than mortal strong;
Whose force with rival forces to oppose,
Uprose great Ajax; up Epeus rose.
Each stood in order: first Epeus threw;
High o'er the wondering crowds the whirling circle flew.
Leonteus next a little space surpass'd;
And third, the strength of godlike Ajax cast.
O'er both their marks it flew; till fiercely flung
From Polypoetes' arm the discus sung:
Far as a swain his whirling sheephook throws,
That distant falls among the grazing cows,
So past them all the rapid circle flies:
His friends, while loud applauses shake the skies,
With force conjoin'd heave off the weighty prize.
Those, who in skilful archery contend,
He next invites the twanging bow to bend;
And twice ten axes casts amidst the round,
Ten double-edged, and ten that singly wound
The mast, which late a first-rate galley273 bore,
The hero fixes in the sandy shore;
To the tall top a milk-white dove they tie,
The trembling mark at which their arrows fly.
"Whose weapon strikes yon fluttering bird, shall bear
These two-edged axes, terrible in war;
The single, he whose shaft274 divides the cord."
He said: experienced Merion took the word;
And skilful Teucer: in the helm they threw
Their lots inscribed275, and forth the latter flew.
Swift from the string the sounding arrow flies;
But flies unbless'd! No grateful sacrifice,
No firstling lambs, unheedful! didst thou vow
To Phoebus, patron of the shaft and bow.
For this, thy well-aim'd arrow turn'd aside,
Err'd from the dove, yet cut the cord that tied:
Adown the mainmast fell the parted string,
And the free bird to heaven displays her wing:
Sea, shores, and skies, with loud applause resound,
And Merion eager meditates276 the wound:
He takes the bow, directs the shaft above,
And following with his eye the soaring dove,
Implores277 the god to speed it through the skies,
With vows of firstling lambs, and grateful sacrific
The dove, in airy circles as she wheels,
Amid the clouds the piercing arrow feels;
Quite through and through the point its passage found,
And at his feet fell bloody to the ground.
The wounded bird, ere yet she breathed her last,
With flagging wings alighted on the mast,
A moment hung, and spread her pinions278 there,
Then sudden dropp'd, and left her life in air.
[pg 428]
From the pleased crowd new peals279 of thunder rise,
And to the ships brave Merion bears the prize.
To close the funeral games, Achilles last
A massy spear amid the circle placed,
And ample charger of unsullied frame,
With flowers high-wrought, not blacken'd yet by flame.
For these he bids the heroes prove their art,
Whose dexterous skill directs the flying dart.
Here too great Merion hopes the noble prize;
Nor here disdain'd the king of men to rise.
With joy Pelides saw the honour paid,
Rose to the monarch, and respectful said:
"Thee first in virtue280, as in power supreme,
O king of nations! all thy Greeks proclaim;
In every martial game thy worth attest281,
And know thee both their greatest and their best.
Take then the prize, but let brave Merion bear
This beamy javelin in thy brother's war."
Pleased from the hero's lips his praise to hear,
The king to Merion gives the brazen spear:
But, set apart for sacred use, commands
The glittering charger to Talthybius' hands.
Illustration: CERES.
CERES.
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收听单词发音
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1
rites
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| 仪式，典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
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mule
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| n.骡子，杂种，执拗的人 | |
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mules
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| 骡( mule的名词复数 )； 拖鞋； 顽固的人； 越境运毒者 | |
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waggons
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| 四轮的运货马车( waggon的名词复数 )； 铁路货车； 小手推车 | |
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iris
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| n.虹膜，彩虹 | |
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lame
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| adj.跛的，(辩解、论据等)无说服力的 | |
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urn
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| n.（有座脚的）瓮；坟墓；骨灰瓮 | |
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dart
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| v.猛冲，投掷；n.飞镖，猛冲 | |
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darting
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| v.投掷，投射( dart的现在分词 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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javelin
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| n.标枪，投枪 | |
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antagonists
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| 对立[对抗] 者，对手，敌手( antagonist的名词复数 )； 对抗肌； 对抗药 | |
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12
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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humbled
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| adj. 卑下的，谦逊的，粗陋的 vt. 使 ... 卑下，贬低 | |
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pensive
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| a.沉思的,哀思的,忧沉的 | |
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slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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gore
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| n.凝血，血污；v.（动物）用角撞伤，用牙刺破；缝以补裆；顶 | |
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resound
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| v.回响 | |
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resounding
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| adj. 响亮的 | |
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strand
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| vt.使（船）搁浅，使（某人）困于（某地） | |
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martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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glut
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| n.存货过多，供过于求；v.狼吞虎咽 | |
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laments
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| n.悲恸，哀歌，挽歌( lament的名词复数 )v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的第三人称单数 ) | |
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warrior
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| n.勇士，武士，斗士 | |
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24
woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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25
torrent
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| n.激流，洪流；爆发，(话语等的)连发 | |
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26
torrents
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| n.倾注；奔流( torrent的名词复数 )；急流；爆发；连续不断 | |
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27
slaughtering
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| v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的现在分词 ) | |
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28
dreary
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| adj.令人沮丧的，沉闷的，单调乏味的 | |
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29
behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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30
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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31
vengeance
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| n.报复，报仇，复仇 | |
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32
loom
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| n.织布机，织机；v.隐现，(危险、忧虑等)迫近 | |
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33
prone
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| adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的 | |
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34
armour
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| （=armor）n.盔甲；装甲部队 | |
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35
sable
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| n.黑貂；adj.黑色的 | |
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36
genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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37
aspire
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| vi.(to，after)渴望，追求，有志于 | |
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38
hissing
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| n. 发嘶嘶声, 蔑视 动词hiss的现在分词形式 | |
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39
bellowing
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| v.发出吼叫声，咆哮（尤指因痛苦）( bellow的现在分词 )；（愤怒地）说出（某事），大叫 | |
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40
prostrate
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| v.拜倒，平卧，衰竭；adj.拜倒的，平卧的，衰竭的 | |
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41
promiscuous
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| adj.杂乱的，随便的 | |
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42
reeking
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| v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的现在分词 )；散发臭气；发出难闻的气味 (of sth)；明显带有（令人不快或生疑的跡象） | |
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43
monarchs
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| 君主，帝王( monarch的名词复数 ) | |
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44
monarch
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| n.帝王，君主，最高统治者 | |
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45
unwilling
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| adj.不情愿的 | |
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46
heralds
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| n.使者( herald的名词复数 )；预报者；预兆；传令官v.预示( herald的第三人称单数 )；宣布（好或重要） | |
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47
herald
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| vt.预示...的来临，预告，宣布，欢迎 | |
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48
kindled
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| （使某物）燃烧，着火( kindle的过去式和过去分词 )； 激起（感情等）； 发亮，放光 | |
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49
cleanse
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| vt.使清洁，使纯洁，清洗 | |
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50
almighty
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| adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的 | |
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51
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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52
grassy
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| adj.盖满草的；长满草的 | |
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53
mound
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| n.土墩，堤，小山；v.筑堤，用土堆防卫 | |
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54
pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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55
soothe
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| v.安慰；使平静；使减轻；缓和；奉承 | |
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56
slumbering
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| 微睡，睡眠（slumber的现在分词形式） | |
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57
slumber
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| n.睡眠，沉睡状态 | |
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58
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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59
allay
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| v.消除，减轻(恐惧、怀疑等) | |
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60
groan
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| vi./n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音 | |
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61
groaning
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| adj. 呜咽的, 呻吟的 动词groan的现在分词形式 | |
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62
murmurs
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| n.低沉、连续而不清的声音( murmur的名词复数 )；低语声；怨言；嘀咕 | |
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63
stature
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| n.（高度）水平，（高度）境界，身高，身材 | |
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64
phantom
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| n.幻影，虚位，幽灵；adj.错觉的，幻影的，幽灵的 | |
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65
vagrant
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| n.流浪者，游民；adj.流浪的，漂泊不定的 | |
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66
abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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67
funereal
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| adj.悲哀的；送葬的 | |
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68
ascend
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| vi.渐渐上升，升高；vt.攀登，登上 | |
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69
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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70
melancholy
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| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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71
longing
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| n.（for）渴望 | |
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72
lamentable
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| adj.令人惋惜的，悔恨的 | |
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73
amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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74
muses
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| v.沉思，冥想( muse的第三人称单数 )；沉思自语说（某事） | |
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75
immortal
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| adj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的 | |
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76
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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77
subsists
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| v.（靠很少的钱或食物）维持生活，生存下去( subsist的第三人称单数 ) | |
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78
semblance
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| n.外貌，外表 | |
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79
plaintive
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| adj.可怜的，伤心的 | |
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80
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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81
sage
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| n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的 | |
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82
prop
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| vt.支撑；n.支柱，支撑物；支持者，靠山 | |
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83
axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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84
sling
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| vt.扔；悬挂；n.挂带；吊索，吊兜；弹弓 | |
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85
shrubs
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| 灌木( shrub的名词复数 ) | |
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86
rattle
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| v.飞奔，碰响；激怒；n.碰撞声；拨浪鼓 | |
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87
clattering
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| 发出咔哒声（clatter的现在分词形式） | |
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88
descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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89
hurl
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| vt.猛投，力掷，声叫骂 | |
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90
hurls
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| v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的第三人称单数 )；大声叫骂 | |
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91
thickets
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| n.灌木丛( thicket的名词复数 )；丛状物 | |
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92
rustling
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| n. 瑟瑟声，沙沙声 adj. 发沙沙声的 | |
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93
cleave
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| v．(clave；cleaved)粘着，粘住；坚持；依恋 | |
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94
refulgent
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| adj.辉煌的，灿烂的 | |
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95
attires
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| v.使穿上衣服，使穿上盛装( attire的第三人称单数 ) | |
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96
squires
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| n.地主，乡绅( squire的名词复数 ) | |
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97
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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98
sylvan
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| adj.森林的 | |
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99
vow
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| n.誓(言)，誓约；v.起誓，立誓 | |
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100
watery
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| adj.有水的，水汪汪的；湿的，湿润的 | |
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101
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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102
rams
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| n.公羊( ram的名词复数 )；(R-)白羊（星）座；夯；攻城槌v.夯实（土等）( ram的第三人称单数 )；猛撞；猛压；反复灌输 | |
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103
consecrated
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| adj.神圣的，被视为神圣的v.把…奉为神圣，给…祝圣( consecrate的过去式和过去分词 )；奉献 | |
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104
bowers
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| n.（女子的）卧室( bower的名词复数 )；船首锚；阴凉处；鞠躬的人 | |
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105
inter
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| v.埋葬 | |
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106
manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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107
slay
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| v.杀死，宰杀，杀戮 | |
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108
fragrant
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| adj.芬香的，馥郁的，愉快的 | |
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109
sprightly
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| adj.愉快的，活泼的 | |
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110
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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111
victorious
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| adj.胜利的，得胜的 | |
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112
preys
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| v.掠食( prey的第三人称单数 )；掠食；折磨；（人）靠欺诈为生 | |
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113
prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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114
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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115
exult
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| v.狂喜，欢腾；欢欣鼓舞 | |
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116
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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117
rend
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| vt.把…撕开，割裂；把…揪下来，强行夺取 | |
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118
inviolate
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| adj.未亵渎的，未受侵犯的 | |
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119
celestial
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| adj.天体的；天上的 | |
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120
fragrance
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| n.芬芳，香味，香气 | |
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121
destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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122
sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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123
invoked
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| v.援引( invoke的过去式和过去分词 )；行使（权利等）；祈求救助；恳求 | |
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124
zephyr
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| n.和风，微风 | |
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125
blustering
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| adj.狂风大作的，狂暴的v.外强中干的威吓( bluster的现在分词 )；咆哮；（风）呼啸；狂吹 | |
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126
dame
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| n.女士 | |
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127
entreats
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| 恳求，乞求( entreat的第三人称单数 ) | |
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128
tumult
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| n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹 | |
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129
aspires
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| v.渴望，追求( aspire的第三人称单数 ) | |
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130
undone
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| a.未做完的，未完成的 | |
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131
ruffled
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| adj. 有褶饰边的, 起皱的 动词ruffle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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132
exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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133
thronging
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| v.成群，挤满( throng的现在分词 ) | |
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134
throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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135
bespoke
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| adj.（产品）订做的；专做订货的v.预定( bespeak的过去式 )；订（货）；证明；预先请求 | |
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136
quench
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| vt.熄灭，扑灭；压制 | |
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137
margin
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| n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘 | |
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138
immolated
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| v.宰杀…作祭品( immolate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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139
erect
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| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
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140
posterity
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| n.后裔，子孙，后代 | |
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141
subsides
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| v.（土地）下陷（因在地下采矿）( subside的第三人称单数 )；减弱；下降至较低或正常水平；一下子坐在椅子等上 | |
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142
relics
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| [pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸 | |
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143
linen
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| n.亚麻布，亚麻线，亚麻制品；adj.亚麻布制的，亚麻的 | |
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144
swell
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| vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强 | |
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145
swelling
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| n.肿胀 | |
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146
swarming
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| 密集( swarm的现在分词 )； 云集； 成群地移动； 蜜蜂或其他飞行昆虫成群地飞来飞去 | |
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147
brass
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| n.黄铜；黄铜器，铜管乐器 | |
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148
dames
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| n.（在英国）夫人（一种封号），夫人（爵士妻子的称号）( dame的名词复数 )；女人 | |
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149
mare
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| n.母马，母驴 | |
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150
yoke
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| n.轭；支配；v.给...上轭，连接，使成配偶 | |
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151
valiant
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| adj.勇敢的，英勇的；n.勇士，勇敢的人 | |
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152
racing
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| n.竞赛，赛马；adj.竞赛用的，赛马用的 | |
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153
bestow
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| v.把…赠与，把…授予；花费 | |
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154
vigour
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| （=vigor）n.智力，体力，精力 | |
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155
wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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156
sleek
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| adj.光滑的，井然有序的；v.使光滑，梳拢 | |
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157
glossy
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| adj.平滑的；有光泽的 | |
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158
graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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159
reins
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| 感情，激情； 缰( rein的名词复数 )； 控制手段； 掌管； （成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的）保护带 | |
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160
rein
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| n.疆绳，统治，支配；vt.以僵绳控制，统治 | |
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161
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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162
hoary
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| adj.古老的；鬓发斑白的 | |
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163
prudent
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| adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的 | |
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164
Neptune
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| n.海王星 | |
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165
precept
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| n.戒律；格言 | |
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166
dexterous
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| adj.灵敏的；灵巧的 | |
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167
steers
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| n.阉公牛，肉用公牛( steer的名词复数 )v.驾驶( steer的第三人称单数 )；操纵；控制；引导 | |
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168
skilful
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| (=skillful)adj.灵巧的，熟练的 | |
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169
aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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170
hardy
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| adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的 | |
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171
conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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172
warily
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| adv.留心地 | |
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173
naves
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| n.教堂正厅( nave的名词复数 )；本堂；中央部；车轮的中心部 | |
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174
stony
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| adj.石头的，多石头的，冷酷的，无情的 | |
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175
wield
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| vt.行使，运用，支配；挥，使用(武器等) | |
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176
ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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177
phoenix
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| n.凤凰，长生(不死)鸟；引申为重生 | |
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178
scourge
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| n.灾难，祸害；v.蹂躏 | |
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179
scourges
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| 带来灾难的人或东西，祸害( scourge的名词复数 )； 鞭子 | |
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180
poised
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| a.摆好姿势不动的 | |
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181
puff
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| n.一口(气)；一阵(风)；v.喷气，喘气 | |
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182
hovering
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| 鸟( hover的现在分词 )； 靠近（某事物）； （人）徘徊； 犹豫 | |
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183
anguish
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| n.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼 | |
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184
knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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185
rattling
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| adj. 格格作响的, 活泼的, 很好的 adv. 极其, 很, 非常 动词rattle的现在分词 | |
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186
animates
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| v.使有生气( animate的第三人称单数 )；驱动；使栩栩如生地动作；赋予…以生命 | |
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187
vanquish
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| v.征服，战胜；克服；抑制 | |
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188
foe
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| n.敌人，仇敌 | |
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189
ignoble
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| adj.不光彩的，卑鄙的；可耻的 | |
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190
precipice
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| n.悬崖，危急的处境 | |
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191
shun
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| vt.避开，回避，避免 | |
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192
spartan
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| adj.简朴的，刻苦的；n.斯巴达；斯巴达式的人 | |
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193
lash
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| v.系牢；鞭打；猛烈抨击；n.鞭打；眼睫毛 | |
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194
frantic
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| adj.狂乱的，错乱的，激昂的 | |
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195
upbraids
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| v.责备，申斥，谴责( upbraid的第三人称单数 ) | |
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196
perjury
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| n.伪证；伪证罪 | |
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197
regain
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| vt.重新获得，收复，恢复 | |
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198
destitute
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| adj.缺乏的；穷困的 | |
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199
retrieve
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| vt.重新得到，收回；挽回，补救；检索 | |
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200
beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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201
animating
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| v.使有生气( animate的现在分词 )；驱动；使栩栩如生地动作；赋予…以生命 | |
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202
withheld
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| withhold过去式及过去分词 | |
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203
forsook
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| forsake的过去式 | |
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204
plies
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| v.使用（工具）( ply的第三人称单数 )；经常供应（食物、饮料）；固定往来；经营生意 | |
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205
incensed
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| 盛怒的 | |
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206
arrogant
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| adj.傲慢的，自大的 | |
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207
contentious
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| adj.好辩的，善争吵的 | |
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208
vile
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| adj.卑鄙的，可耻的，邪恶的；坏透的 | |
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209
goblet
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| n.高脚酒杯 | |
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210
wields
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| 手持着使用（武器、工具等）( wield的第三人称单数 )； 具有； 运用（权力）； 施加（影响） | |
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211
mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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212
triumphant
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| adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的 | |
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213
touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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214
tardier
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| adj.行动缓慢的( tardy的比较级 )；缓缓移动的；晚的；迟的 | |
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215
vows
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| 誓言( vow的名词复数 )； 郑重宣布，许愿 | |
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216
forfeited
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| （因违反协议、犯规、受罚等）丧失，失去( forfeit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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217
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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218
margins
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| 边( margin的名词复数 )； 利润； 页边空白； 差数 | |
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219
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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220
envious
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| adj.嫉妒的，羡慕的 | |
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221
vindicate
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| v.为…辩护或辩解，辩明；证明…正确 | |
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222
circumvent
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| vt.环绕，包围；对…用计取胜，智胜 | |
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223
wrath
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| n.愤怒，愤慨，暴怒 | |
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224
swells
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| 增强( swell的第三人称单数 )； 肿胀； （使）凸出； 充满（激情） | |
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225
waive
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| vt.放弃，不坚持(规定、要求、权力等) | |
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226
contention
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| n.争论，争辩，论战；论点，主张 | |
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227
atone
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| v.赎罪，补偿 | |
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228
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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229
ponderous
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| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
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230
mace
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| n.狼牙棒，豆蔻干皮 | |
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231
wrestle
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| vi.摔跤，角力；搏斗；全力对付 | |
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232
pristine
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| adj.原来的，古时的，原始的，纯净的，无垢的 | |
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233
overthrown
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| adj. 打翻的，推倒的，倾覆的 动词overthrow的过去分词 | |
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234
overthrow
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| v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆 | |
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235
deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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236
emulate
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| v.努力赶上或超越，与…竞争；效仿 | |
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237
benevolence
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| n.慈悲，捐助 | |
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238
toils
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| 网 | |
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239
supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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240
mash
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| n.麦芽浆，糊状物，土豆泥；v.把…捣成糊状，挑逗，调情 | |
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241
trophy
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| n.优胜旗，奖品，奖杯，战胜品，纪念品 | |
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242
poises
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| 使平衡( poise的第三人称单数 )； 保持（某种姿势）； 抓紧； 使稳定 | |
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243
jaws
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| n.口部；嘴 | |
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244
nostrils
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| 鼻孔( nostril的名词复数 ) | |
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245
clotted
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| adj.凝结的v.凝固( clot的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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246
strife
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| n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争 | |
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247
rigid
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| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
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248
implicit
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| a.暗示的，含蓄的，不明晰的，绝对的 | |
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249
descends
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| v.下来( descend的第三人称单数 )；下去；下降；下斜 | |
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250
thighs
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| n.股，大腿( thigh的名词复数 )；食用的鸡（等的）腿 | |
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251
tumours
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| 肿瘤( tumour的名词复数 ) | |
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252
watchful
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| adj.注意的，警惕的 | |
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253
evade
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| vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避 | |
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254
defiled
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| v.玷污( defile的过去式和过去分词 )；污染；弄脏；纵列行进 | |
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255
honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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256
artifice
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| n.妙计，高明的手段；狡诈，诡计 | |
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257
descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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258
diligently
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| ad.industriously;carefully | |
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259
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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260
pinion
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| v.束缚；n.小齿轮 | |
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261
filth
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| n.肮脏，污物，污秽；淫猥 | |
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262
blotted
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| 涂污( blot的过去式和过去分词 )； （用吸墨纸）吸干 | |
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263
sputtering
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| n.反应溅射法；飞溅；阴极真空喷镀；喷射v.唾沫飞溅( sputter的现在分词 )；发劈啪声；喷出；飞溅出 | |
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264
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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265
brazen
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| adj.厚脸皮的，无耻的，坚硬的 | |
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266
sheathed
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| adj.雕塑像下半身包在鞘中的；覆盖的；铠装的；装鞘了的v.将（刀、剑等）插入鞘( sheathe的过去式和过去分词 )；包，覆盖 | |
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267
jointed
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| 有接缝的 | |
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268
sumptuous
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| adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的 | |
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269
memorable
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| adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的 | |
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270
domain
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| n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围 | |
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271
arable
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| adj.可耕的，适合种植的 | |
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272
hinds
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| n.（常指动物腿）后面的( hind的名词复数 )；在后的；（通常与can或could连用）唠叨不停；滔滔不绝 | |
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273
galley
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| n.（飞机或船上的）厨房单层甲板大帆船；军舰舰长用的大划艇； | |
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274
shaft
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| n.(工具的)柄，杆状物 | |
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275
inscribed
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| v.写，刻( inscribe的过去式和过去分词 )；内接 | |
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276
meditates
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| 深思，沉思，冥想( meditate的第三人称单数 )； 内心策划，考虑 | |
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277
implores
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| 恳求或乞求（某人）( implore的第三人称单数 ) | |
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278
pinions
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| v.抓住[捆住]（双臂）( pinion的第三人称单数 ) | |
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279
peals
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| n.（声音大而持续或重复的）洪亮的响声( peal的名词复数 )；隆隆声；洪亮的钟声；钟乐v.（使）（钟等）鸣响，（雷等）发出隆隆声( peal的第三人称单数 ) | |
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280
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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281
attest
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| vt.证明，证实；表明 | |
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