From this date, February 3rd, the sun rose each day higher above the horizon, the nights were, however, still very long, and, as is often the case in February, the cold increased, the thermometer marking only 1o Fahrenheit1, the lowest temperature experienced throughout this extraordinary winter.
“When does the thaw2 commence in these northern seas?” inquired Mrs Barnett of the Lieutenant3.
“In ordinary seasons,” replied Hobson, “the ice does not break up until early in May; but the winter has been so mild that unless a very hard frost should now set in, the thaw may commence at the beginning of April. At least that is my opinion.” “We shall still have two months to wait then?”
“Yes, two months, for it would not be prudent4 to launch our boat too soon amongst the floating ice; and I think our best plan will be to wait until our island has leached5 the narrowest part of Behring Strait, which is not more than two hundred miles wide.”
“What do you mean?” exclaimed Mrs Barnett, considerably6 surprised at the Lieutenant’s reply. “Have you forgotten that it was the Kamtchatka Current which brought us where we now are, and which may seize us again when the thaw sets in and carry us yet farther north?”
“I do not think it will, madam; indeed I feel quite sure that that will not happen. The thaw always takes place in from north to south, and although the Kamtchatka Current runs the other way, the ice always goes down the Behring Current. Other reasons there are for my opinion which I cannot now enumerate7. But the icebergs9 invariably drift towards the Pacific, and are there melted by its warmer waters. Ask Kalumah if I am not right. She knows these latitudes10 well, and will tell you that the thaw always proceeds from the north to the south.”
Kalumah when questioned confirmed all that the Lieutenant had said, so that it appeared probable that the island would be drifted to the south like a huge ice-floe, that is to say, to the narrowest part of Behring Strait, which is much frequented in the summer by the fishermen of New Archangel, who are the most experienced mariners11 of those waters. Making allowance for all delays they might then hope to set foot on the continent before May, and although the cold had not been very intense there was every reason to believe that the foundations of Victoria Island had been thickened and strengthened by a fresh accumulation of ice at the base, and that it would hold together for several months to come.
There was then nothing for the colonists12 to do but to wait patiently,— still to wait!
The convalescence13 of little Michael continued to progress favourably14. On the 20th of February he went out for the first time, forty days after he was taken ill. By this we mean that he went from his bedroom into the large room, where he was petted and made much of. His mother, acting15 by Madge’s advice, put off weaning him for some little time, and he soon got back his strength. The soldiers had made many little toys for him during his illness, and he was now as happy as any child in the wide world.
The last week of February was very wet, rain and snow falling alternately. A strong wind blew from the north-west, and the temperature was low enough for large quantities of snow to fall; the gale16, however, increased in violence, and on the side of Cape17 Bathurst and the chain of icebergs the noise of the tempest was deafening18. The huge ice-masses were flung against each other, and fell with a roar like that of thunder. The ice on the north was compressed and piled up on the shores of the island. There really seemed to be a danger that the cape itself-which was but a kind of iceberg8 capped with earth and sand-would be flung down.
Some large pieces of ice, in spite of their weight, were driven to the very foot of the palisaded enceinte; but fortunately for the factory the cape retained its position; had it given way all the buildings must inevitably19 have been crushed beneath it.
It will be easily understood that the position of Victoria Island, at the opening of a narrow strait about which the ice accumulated in large quantities, was extremely perilous21, for it might at any time be swept by a horizontal avalanche22, or crushed beneath the huge blocks of ice driven inland from the offing, and so become engulfed23 before the thaw. This was a new danger to be added to all the others already threatening the little band. Mrs Barnett, seeing the awful power of the pressure in the offing, and the violence with which the moving masses of ice crushed upon each other, realised the full magnitude of the peril20 they would all be in when the thaw commenced. She often mentioned her fears to the Lieutenant, and he shook his head like a man who had no reply to make.
Early in March the squall ceased, and the full extent of the transformation25 of the ice-field was revealed. It seemed as if by a kind of glissade the chain of icebergs had drawn26 nearer to the island. In some parts it was not two miles distant, and it advanced like a glacier27 on the move, with the difference that the latter has a descending28 and the ice-wall a horizontal motion. Between the lofty chain of ice-mountains the ice-field was fearfully distorted: strewn with hummocks30, broken obelisks31, shattered blocks, overturned pyramids, it resembled a tempest-tossed sea or a ruined town, in which not a building or a monument had remained standing32, and above it all the mighty33 icebergs reared their snowy crests34, standing out against the sky with their pointed35 peaks, their rugged36 cones37, and solid buttresses38, forming a fitting frame for the weird39 fantastic landscape at their feet.
At this date the little vessel40 was quite finished. This boat was rather heavy in shape, as might have been expected, but she did credit to Mac-Nab, and shaped as she was like a barge41 at the bows, she ought the better to withstand the shocks of the floating ice. She might have been taken for one of those Dutch boats which venture upon the northern waters. Her rig, which was completed, consisted, like that of a cutter, of a mainsail and a jib carried on a single mast. The tent canvass42 of the factory had been made use of for sailcloth.
This boat would carry the whole colony, and if, as the Lieutenant hoped, the island were drifted to Behring Strait, the vessel would easily make her way to land, even from the widest part of the passage. There was then nothing to be done but wait for the thaw.
Hobson now decided43 to make a long excursion to the south to ascertain44 the state of the ice-field, to see whether there were any signs of its breaking up, to examine the chain of icebergs by which it was hemmed45 in, to make sure, in short, whether it would really be useless to attempt to cross to the American continent. Many incidents might occur, many fresh dangers might arise before the thaw, and it would therefore be but prudent to make a reconnaissance on the ice-field.
The expedition was organised and the start fixed46 for March 7th. Hobson, Mrs Barnett, Kalumah, Marbre, and Sabine were to go, and, if the route should be practicable, they would try and find a passage across the chain of icebergs. In any case, however, they were not to be absent for more than forty-eight hours.
A good stock of provisions was prepared, and, well provided for every contingency47, the little party left Fort Hope on the morning of the 7th March aid turned towards Cape Michael.
The thermometer then marked 32° Fahrenheit. The atmosphere was misty48, but the weather was perfectly49 calm. The sun was now above the horizon for seven or eight hours a day, and its oblique50 rays afforded plenty of light.
At nine o’clock, after a short halt, the party descended51 the slope of Cape Michael and made their way across the ice-fields in a southeasterly direction. On this side the ice wall rose not three miles from the cape.
The march was of course very slow. Every minute a crevasse52 had to be turned, or a hummock29 too high to be climbed. It was evident that a sledge53 could not have got over the rough distorted surface, which consisted of an accumulation of blocks of ice of every shape and size, some of which really seemed to retain their equilibrium54 by a miracle. Others had been but recently overturned, as could be seen from the clearly cut fractures and sharp corners. Not a sign was to be seen of any living creature, no footprints told of the passage of man or beast, and the very birds had deserted55 these awful solitudes57.
Mrs Barnett was astonished at the scene before her, and asked the Lieutenant how they could possibly have crossed the ice-fields if they had started in December, and he replied by reminding her that it was then in a very different condition; the enormous pressure of the advancing icebergs had not then commenced, the surface of the sea was comparatively even, and the only danger was from its insufficient58 solidification59. The irregularities which now barred their passage did not exist early in the winter.
They managed, however, to advance towards the mighty ice-wall, Kalumah generally leading the way. Like a chamois on the Alpine60 rocks, the young girl firmly treaded the ice-masses with a swiftness of foot and an absence of hesitation61 which was really marvellous. She knew by instinct the best way through the labyrinth62 of icebergs, and was an unerring guide to her companions.
About noon the base of the ice-wall was reached, but it had taken three hours to get over three miles.
The icy barrier presented a truly imposing63 appearance, rising as it did more than four hundred feet above the ice-field. The various strata64 of which it was formed were clearly defined, and the glistening65 surface was tinged66 with many a delicately-shaded hue67. Jasper-like ribbons of green and blue alternated with streaks68 and dashes of all the colours of the rainbow, strewn with enamelled arabesques69, sparkling crystals, and delicate ice-flowers. No cliff, however strangely distorted, could give any idea of this marvellous half opaque70, half transparent71 ice-wall, and no description could do justice to the wonderful effects of chiara-oscuro produced upon it.
It would not do, however, to approach too near to these beetling72 cliffs, the solidity of which was very doubtful. Internal fractures and rents were already commencing, the work of destruction and decomposition73 was proceeding74 rapidly, aided by the imprisoned75 air-bubbles; and the fragility of the huge structure, built up by the cold, was manifest to every eye. It could not survive the Arctic winter, it was doomed76 to melt beneath the sunbeams, and it contained material enough to feed large rivers.
Lieutenant Hobson had warned his companions of the danger of the avalanches77 which constantly fall from the summits of the icebergs, and they did not therefore go far along their base. That this prudence78 was necessary was proved by the falling of a huge block, at two o’clock, at the entrance to a kind of valley which they were about to cross. It must have weighed more than a hundred tons, and it was dashed upon the ice-field with a fearful crash, bursting like a bomb-shell. Fortunately no one was hurt by the splinters.
From two to five o’clock the explorers followed a narrow winding79 path leading down amongst the icebergs; they were anxious to know if it led right through them, but could not at once ascertain. In this valley, as it might be called, they were able to examine the internal structure of the icy barrier. The blocks of which it was built up were here arranged with greater symmetry than outside. In some places trunks of trees were seen embedded80 in the ice, all, however, of Tropical not Polar species, which had evidently been brought to Arctic regions by the Gulf24 Stream, and would be taken back to the ocean when the thaw should have converted into water the ice which now held them in its chill embrace.
At five o’clock it became too dark to go any further. The travellers had not gone more than about two miles in the valley, but it was so sinuous81, that it was impossible to estimate exactly the distance traversed.
The signal to halt was given by the Lieutenant, and Marbre and Sabine quickly dug out a grotto82 in the ice with their chisels83, into which the whole party crept, and after a good supper all were soon asleep.
Every one was up at eight o’clock the next morning, and Hobson decided to follow the valley for another mile, in the hope of finding out whether it went right through the ice-wall. The direction of the pass, judging from the position of the sun, had now changed from north to south east, and as early as eleven o’clock the party came out on the opposite side of the chain of icebergs. The passage was therefore proved to run completely through the barrier.
The aspect of the ice-field on the eastern side was exactly similar to that on the west. The same confusion of ice-masses, the same accumulation of hummocks and icebergs, as far as the eye could reach, with occasional alternations of smooth surfaces of small extent, intersected by numerous crevasses84, the edges of which were already melting fast. The same complete solitude56, the same desertion, not a bird, not an animal to be seen.
Mrs Barnett climbed to the top of the hummock, and there remained for an hour, gazing upon the sad and desolate85 Polar landscape before her. Her thoughts involuntarily flew back to the miserable86 attempt to escape that had been made five months before. Once more she saw the men and women of the hapless caravan87 encamped in the darkness of these frozen solitudes, or struggling against insurmountable difficulties to reach the mainland.
At last the Lieutenant broke in upon her reverie, and said —
“Madam, it is more than twenty-four hours since we left the fort. We now know the thickness of the ice-wall, and as we promised not to be away longer than forty-eight hours, I think it is time to retrace88 our steps.”
Mrs Barnett saw the justice of the Lieutenant’s remark. They had ascertained89 that the barrier of ice was of moderate thickness, that it would melt away quickly enough to allow of the passage of Mac-Nab’s boat after the thaw, and it would therefore be well to hasten back lest a snow-storm or change in the weather of any kind should render return through the winding valley difficult.
The party breakfasted and set out on the return journey about one o’clock P.M.
The night was passed as before in an ice-cavern90, and the route resumed at eight o’clock the next morning, March 9th.
The travellers now turned their backs upon the sun, as they were making for the west, but the weather was fine, and the orb91 of day, already high in the heavens, flung some of its rays across the valley and lit up the glittering ice-walls on either side.
Mrs Barnett and Kalumah were a little behind the rest of the party chatting together, and looking about them as they wound through the narrow passages pointed out by Marbre and Sabine. They expected to get out of the valley quickly, and be back at the fort before sunset, as they had only two or three miles of the island to cross after leaving the ice. This would be a few hours after the time fixed, but not long enough to cause any serious anxiety to their friends at home.
They made their calculation without allowing for an incident which no human perspicacity92 could possibly have foreseen.
It was about ten o’clock when Marbre and Sabine, who were some twenty paces in advance of the rest, suddenly stopped and appeared to be debating some point. When the others came up, Sabine was holding out his compass to Marbre, who was staring at it with an expression of the utmost astonishment93.
“What an extraordinary thing!” he exclaimed, and added, turning to the Lieutenant —
“Will you tell me, sir, the position of the island with regard to the ice-wall, is it on the east or west?”
“On the west,” replied Hobson, not a little surprised at the question, “you know that well enough, Marbre”
“I know it well enough! I know it well enough!” repeated Marbre, shaking his head, “and if it is on the west, we are going wrong, and away from the inland!”
“What, away from the island!” exclaimed the Lieutenant, struck with the hunter’s air of conviction.
“We are indeed, sir,” said Marbre; “look at the compass; my name is not Marbre if it does not show that we are walking towards the east not the west!”
“Impossible!” exclaimed Mrs Barnett.
“Look, madam,” said Sabine.
It was true. The needle pointed in exactly the opposite direction to that expected. Hobson looked thoughtful and said nothing.
“We must have made a mistake when we left the ice cavern this morning,” observed Sabine, “we ought to have turned to the left instead of to the right.”
“No, no,” said Mrs Barnett, “I am sure we did not make a mistake!”
“But”—— said Marbre.
“But,” interrupted Mrs Barnett, “look at the sun. Does it no longer rise in the east? Now as we turned our backs on it this morning, and it is still behind us, we must be walking towards the west, so that when we get out of the valley on the western side of the chain of icebergs, we must come to the island we left there.”
Marbre, struck dumb by this irrefutable argument, crossed his arms and said no more.
“Then if so,” said Sabine, “the sun and the compass are in complete contradiction of each other?”
“At this moment they are,” said Hobson, “and the reason is simple enough; in these high northern latitudes, and in latitudes in the neighbourhood of the magnetic pole, the compasses are sometimes disturbed, and the deviation94 of their needles is so great as entirely95 to mislead travellers.”
“All right then,” said Marbre, “we have only to go on keeping our backs to the sun.”
“Certainly,” replied Lieutenant Hobson, “there can be no hesitation which to choose, the sun or our compass, nothing disturbs the sun.”
The march was resumed, the sun was still behind them, and there was really no objection to be made to Hobson’s theory, founded, as it was, upon the position then occupied by the radiant orb of day.
The little troop marched on, but they did not get out of the valley as soon as they expected. Hobson had counted on leaving the ice-wall before noon, and it was past two when they reached the opening of the narrow pass.
Strange as was this delay, it had not made any one uneasy, and the astonishment of all can readily be imagined when, on stepping on to the ice field, at the base of the chain of icebergs, no sign was to be seen of Victoria Island, which ought to have been opposite to them.
Yes!— The island, which on this side had been such a conspicuous96 object, owing to the height of Cape Michael crowned with trees, had disappeared. In its place stretched a vast ice-field lit up by the sunbeams.
All looked around them, and then at each other in amazement97.
“The island ought to be there!” cried Sabine.
“But it is not there,” said Marbre. “Oh, sir — Lieutenant — where is it? what has become of it?”
But Hobson had not a word to say in reply, and Mrs Barnett was equally dumfounded.
Kalumah now approached Lieutenant Hobson, and touching98 his arm, she said —
“We went wrong in the valley, we went up it instead of down it, we shall only get back to where we were yesterday by crossing the chain of icebergs. Come, come!”
Hobson and the others mechanically followed Kalumah, and trusting in the young native’s sagacity, retraced99 their steps. Appearances were, however, certainly against her, for they were now walking towards the sun in an easterly direction.
Kalumah did not explain her motives100, but muttered as she went along —
“Let us make haste!”
All were quite exhausted101, and could scarcely get along, when they found themselves on the other side of the ice-wall, after a walk of three hours. The night had now fallen, and it was too dark to see if the island was there, but they were not long left in doubt.
At about a hundred paces off, burning torches were moving about, whilst reports of guns and shouts were heard.
The explorers replied, and were soon joined by Sergeant102 Long and others, amongst them Thomas Black, whose anxiety as to the fate of his friends had at last roused him from his torpor103. The poor fellows left on the island had been in a terrible state of uneasiness, thinking that Hobson and his party had lost their way. They were right, but what was it that had made them think so?
Twenty-four hours before, the immense ice-field and the island had turned half round, and in consequence of this displacement104 they were no longer on the west, but on the east of the ice-wall!
收听单词发音 |
1
Fahrenheit
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| n./adj.华氏温度；华氏温度计(的) | |
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thaw
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| v.（使）融化，（使）变得友善；n.融化，缓和 | |
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lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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prudent
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| adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的 | |
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leached
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| v.（将化学品、矿物质等）过滤( leach的过去式和过去分词 )；（液体）过滤，滤去 | |
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considerably
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| adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上 | |
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enumerate
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| v.列举，计算，枚举，数 | |
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iceberg
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| n.冰山，流冰，冷冰冰的人 | |
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icebergs
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| n.冰山，流冰( iceberg的名词复数 ) | |
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latitudes
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| 纬度 | |
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mariners
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| 海员，水手（mariner的复数形式） | |
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colonists
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| n.殖民地开拓者，移民，殖民地居民( colonist的名词复数 ) | |
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convalescence
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| n.病后康复期 | |
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favourably
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| adv. 善意地，赞成地 =favorably | |
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acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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gale
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| n.大风，强风，一阵闹声（尤指笑声等） | |
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cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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deafening
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| adj. 振耳欲聋的, 极喧闹的 动词deafen的现在分词形式 | |
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inevitably
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| adv.不可避免地；必然发生地 | |
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peril
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| n.(严重的)危险；危险的事物 | |
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perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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avalanche
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| n.雪崩，大量涌来 | |
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engulfed
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| v.吞没，包住( engulf的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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gulf
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| n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂 | |
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transformation
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| n.变化；改造；转变 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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glacier
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| n.冰川，冰河 | |
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descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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hummock
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| n.小丘 | |
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hummocks
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| n.小丘，岗( hummock的名词复数 ) | |
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obelisks
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| n.方尖石塔，短剑号，疑问记号( obelisk的名词复数 ) | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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crests
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| v.到达山顶（或浪峰）( crest的第三人称单数 )；到达洪峰，达到顶点 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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rugged
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| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
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cones
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| n.（人眼）圆锥细胞；圆锥体( cone的名词复数 )；球果；圆锥形东西；（盛冰淇淋的）锥形蛋卷筒 | |
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buttresses
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| n.扶壁，扶垛( buttress的名词复数 )v.用扶壁支撑，加固( buttress的第三人称单数 ) | |
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weird
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| adj.古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的，神秘而可怕的 | |
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vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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barge
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| n.平底载货船，驳船 | |
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canvass
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| v.招徕顾客，兜售；游说；详细检查，讨论 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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ascertain
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| vt.发现，确定，查明，弄清 | |
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hemmed
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| 缝…的褶边( hem的过去式和过去分词 )； 包围 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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contingency
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| n.意外事件，可能性 | |
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misty
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| adj.雾蒙蒙的，有雾的 | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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oblique
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| adj.斜的，倾斜的，无诚意的，不坦率的 | |
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descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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crevasse
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| n. 裂缝，破口；v.使有裂缝 | |
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sledge
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| n.雪橇，大锤；v.用雪橇搬运，坐雪橇往 | |
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equilibrium
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| n.平衡，均衡，相称，均势，平静 | |
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deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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solitudes
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| n.独居( solitude的名词复数 )；孤独；荒僻的地方；人迹罕至的地方 | |
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insufficient
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| adj.(for，of)不足的，不够的 | |
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solidification
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| 凝固 | |
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alpine
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| adj.高山的；n.高山植物 | |
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hesitation
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| n.犹豫，踌躇 | |
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labyrinth
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| n.迷宫；难解的事物；迷路 | |
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imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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strata
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| n.地层（复数）；社会阶层 | |
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glistening
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| adj.闪耀的，反光的v.湿物闪耀，闪亮( glisten的现在分词 ) | |
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tinged
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| v.（使）发丁丁声( ting的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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hue
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| n.色度；色调；样子 | |
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streaks
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| n.（与周围有所不同的）条纹( streak的名词复数 )；（通常指不好的）特征（倾向）；（不断经历成功或失败的）一段时期v.快速移动( streak的第三人称单数 )；使布满条纹 | |
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arabesques
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| n.阿拉伯式花饰( arabesque的名词复数 )；错综图饰；阿拉伯图案；阿拉贝斯克芭蕾舞姿（独脚站立，手前伸，另一脚一手向后伸） | |
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opaque
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| adj.不透光的；不反光的，不传导的；晦涩的 | |
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transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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beetling
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| adj.突出的，悬垂的v.快速移动( beetle的现在分词 ) | |
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decomposition
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| n. 分解, 腐烂, 崩溃 | |
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proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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imprisoned
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| 下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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doomed
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| 命定的 | |
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avalanches
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| n.雪崩( avalanche的名词复数 ) | |
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prudence
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| n.谨慎，精明，节俭 | |
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winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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embedded
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| a.扎牢的 | |
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sinuous
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| adj.蜿蜒的，迂回的 | |
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grotto
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| n.洞穴 | |
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chisels
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| n.凿子，錾子( chisel的名词复数 )；口凿 | |
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crevasses
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| n.破口，崩溃处，裂缝( crevasse的名词复数 ) | |
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desolate
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| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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caravan
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| n.大蓬车；活动房屋 | |
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retrace
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| v.折回；追溯，探源 | |
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ascertained
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| v.弄清，确定，查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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cavern
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| n.洞穴，大山洞 | |
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orb
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| n.太阳；星球；v.弄圆；成球形 | |
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perspicacity
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| n. 敏锐, 聪明, 洞察力 | |
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astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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deviation
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| n.背离，偏离；偏差，偏向；离题 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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retraced
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| v.折回( retrace的过去式和过去分词 )；回忆；回顾；追溯 | |
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motives
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| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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sergeant
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| n.警官，中士 | |
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103
torpor
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| n.迟钝；麻木；（动物的）冬眠 | |
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displacement
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| n.移置，取代，位移，排水量 | |
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